Syphacia obvelata

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Delir Correa Gomes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • nematode parasites of marsupials and small rodents from the brazilian atlantic forest in the state of rio de janeiro brazil
    Revista Brasileira De Zoologia, 2003
    Co-Authors: Delir Correa Gomes, Rosane Pereira Da Cruz, Joaquim Julio Vicente, Roberto Magalhães Pinto
    Abstract:

    Nematodes from opossums and rodents captured in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil were studied. From the opossums Didelphis aurita Weid-Neuweid, 1826 and Philander opossum (Linnaeus, 1758) the following nematode species were recovered: Viannaia hamata Travassos, 1914, Aspidodera raillieti Travassos, 1913, Cruzia tentaculata (Rudolphi, 1819), Travassos, 1917, Turgida turgida (Rudolphi, 1819) Travassos, 1919, Gongylonemoides marsupialis (Vaz & Pereira, 1934) Freitas & Lent, 1937, Viannaia viannai Travassos, 1914, Spirura guianensis (Ortlepp, 1924) Chitwood, 1938 and from the rodents Akodon cursor (Winger, 1887), Nectomys squamipes (Brants, 1827), Oligoryzomys eliurus (Wagner, 1845) and Oryzomys intermedius (Leche, 1886): Hassalstrongylus epsilon (Travassos, 1937) Durette-Desset, 1971, Syphacia obvelata (Rudolphi, 1802) Seurat, 1916, S. venteli Travassos, 1937, Physaloptera bispiculata Vaz & Pereira, 1935, Litomosoides carinii (Travassos, 1919) Vaz, 1934, Viannaia viannai, Hassalstrongylus epsilon, H. zeta (Travassos, 1937) Durette-Desset, 1971, Stilestrongylus aculeata (Travassos, 1918) Durette-Desset, 1971 S. eta (Travassos, 1937) Durette-Desset, 1971. Highest worm burdens and prevalences were those related to Cruzia tentaculata in marsupials. Stilestrongylus aculeata was referred for the first time in Akodon cursor.

  • Patterns of infection with the nematodes Syphacia obvelata and Aspiculuris tetraptera in conventionally maintained laboratory mice
    Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 2002
    Co-Authors: Telma Bazzano, Roberto Magalhães Pinto, Tamy Ingrid Restel, Delir Correa Gomes
    Abstract:

    Data on the frequency, distribution and mean intensity of the helminth fauna recovered from outbred and inbred mice conventionally maintained in Brazilian animal houses, are reported. The oxyurid nematodes Syphacia obvelata and Aspiculuris tetraptera presented overall frequencies of 91.5% and 8.5%, respectively. The frequency of S. obvelata in animals of three groups out of the four investigated ranged from 9% to 74% and A. tetraptera from 17% to 83%, since animals of one of the groups were negative for helminths. Infections due to a single species were observed in 62% of the animals, compared to 16% related to associations. The frequency of single infections in each group varied from 58.6% to 100% whereas associations varied from 24.1% to 41.4%. The analysis of specific mean intensities showed that S. obvelata was represented by 13.35 to 66.58 specimens/host and A. tetraptera by 5.85 to 16.75 specimens/host.

  • Helminth Parasites of Conventionally Maintained Laboratory Mice: II- Inbred Strains with an Adaptation of the Anal Swab Technique
    Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 1998
    Co-Authors: Lucineide Gonçalves, Roberto Magalhães Pinto, Dely Noronha, Jœlio J Vicente, Delir Correa Gomes
    Abstract:

    Worm burdens recovered from inbred mice strains, namely C57Bl/6, C57Bl/10, CBA, BALB/c, DBA/2 and C3H/He, conventionally maintained in two institutional animal houses in the State of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, were analyzed and compared, regarding their prevalences and mean intensities. Three parasite species were observed: the nematodes Aspiculuris tetraptera, Syphacia obvelata and the cestode Vampirolepis nana. A modification of the anal swab technique is also proposed for the first time as an auxiliary tool for the detection of oxyurid eggs in mice.

  • Helminth parasites of conventionally maintained laboratory mice
    Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 1994
    Co-Authors: Roberto Magalhães Pinto, Joaquim Julio Vicente, Dely Noronha, Lucineide Gonçalves, Delir Correa Gomes
    Abstract:

    The spectrum of intestinal parasites present in the Swiss Webster, C57B1/6 and DBA/2 mice strains from different animal houses was identified and prevalences compared. Three parasites were observed during the course of this study, namely the cestode Vampirolepis nana (Siebold, 1852) Spasskii, 1954 (= Hymenolepis nana) and the nematodes Aspiculuris tetraptera (Nitzsch, 1821) Schultz, 1924 and Syphacia obvelata (Rudolphi, 1802) Seurat, 1916. The scope of this investigation has been widened to also include morphometric data on the parasites, to further simplify their identification, since the presence of helminths in laboratory animals is regarded as a restricting factor for the proper attainment of experimental protocols.

Pavón Wilmer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Sinergismo en la respuesta inmune en ratones BALB/c//BIOULA con parasitosis combinadas: Syphacia obvelata y Leishmania mexicana
    Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, 2015
    Co-Authors: De Jesús Rosa, Pavón Wilmer
    Abstract:

    Introducción: los ratones balb/c//bioula son usados en experimentos en los que se estudian parásitos de las especies Lehismania mexicana, determinando concentraciones de IgG. En estudios previos se determinó que los ratones parasitados con Syphacia obvelata presentan altas titulaciones de IgG. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar si existe sinergismo en la respuesta inmunológica de ratones balb/c//bioula con parasitosis combinada. Materiales y métodos: los animales se distribuyeron como Grupo a, sin parásitos; Grupo b, parasitados con Syphacia obvelata; Grupo c, con Leishmania mexicana y Grupo d, con parasitosis combinada. Durante dos meses se realizaron curvas de crecimiento, diagnóstico coproparasitológico, valoración hematológica y titulación de anticuerpos mediante elisa. Resultados: en las curvas de crecimiento se observó que los ratones con parasitosis combinadas presentaron la menor ganancia de peso y de talla; la mayor cantidad de huevos y parásitos adultos de Syphacia obvelata; en los parámetros hematológicos, presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los valores hallados, y al valorar la concentración de IgG, se observó que la mayor cantidad de unidades de IgG se presentaron igualmente para los sueros de los ratones con parasitosis combinadas. Conclusiones: los resultados de las curvas de crecimiento, las pruebas hematológicas y la titulación de IgG permitieron concluir que existe sinergismo en la respuesta de los ratones al encontrarse parasitados con Syphacia obvelata y Leishmania mexicana. Esto puede conducir a resultados falsos positivos cuando el investigador experimente con Lehismania mexicana y los ratones se encuentren parasitados con Syphacia obvelata

  • Sinergismo en la respuesta inmune en ratones BALB/c//BIOULA con parasitosis combinadas: Syphacia obvelata y Leishmania mexicana
    'Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia- UCC', 2015
    Co-Authors: De Jesús Rosa, Pavón Wilmer
    Abstract:

    Introduction: balb/c//bioula mice are used in experiments studying parasites of the Mexican Leishmania species, determining IgG concentrations. Previous studies have shown that mice parasitized with Syphacia obvelata present high titers of IgG. The aim of this study was to determine if there is synergism in the immunological response of balb/c//bioula mice with combined parasitism. Materials and methods: The animals were divided into four groups: Group a, without parasites; Group b, parasitized with Syphacia obvelata; Group c, with Mexican Leishmania; and Group d, with combined parasitism. Over two months, the mice were monitored using growth curves, coproparasitological diagnosis, and hematological and antibody titer evaluation through elisa. Results: The growth curves indicated that mice with combined parasitism gained less weight and size, and possessed the highest quantity of Syphacia obvelata eggs and adult parasites. Statistically significant differences were found in the values of hematological parameters, and measurement of IgG concentration also showed that the highest quantity of IgG units occurred for sera of mice with combined parasitism. Conclusions: the results of the growth curves, the hematological tests and the IgG titers confirmed that there is a synergism in the response of rats parasitized with Syphacia obvelata and Mexican Leishmania. This may lead to false positive results when researchers conduct experiments with Mexican Leishmania on mice that are parasitized with Syphacia obvelata.Introducción: los ratones balb/c//bioula son usados en experimentos en los que se estudian parásitos de las especies Lehismania mexicana, determinando concentraciones de IgG. En estudios previos se determinó que los ratones parasitados con Syphacia obvelata presentan altas titulaciones de IgG. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar si existe sinergismo en la respuesta inmunológica de ratones balb/c//bioula con parasitosis combinada. Materiales y métodos: los animales se distribuyeron como Grupo a, sin parásitos; Grupo b, parasitados con Syphacia obvelata; Grupo c, con Leishmania mexicana y Grupo d, con parasitosis combinada. Durante dos meses se realizaron curvas de crecimiento, diagnóstico coproparasitológico, valoración hematológica y titulación de anticuerpos mediante elisa. Resultados: en las curvas de crecimiento se observó que los ratones con parasitosis combinadas presentaron la menor ganancia de peso y de talla; la mayor cantidad de huevos y parásitos adultos de Syphacia obvelata; en los parámetros hematológicos, presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los valores hallados, y al valorar la concentración de IgG, se observó que la mayor cantidad de unidades de IgG se presentaron igualmente para los sueros de los ratones con parasitosis combinadas. Conclusiones: los resultados de las curvas de crecimiento, las pruebas hematológicas y la titulación de IgG permitieron concluir que existe sinergismo en la respuesta de los ratones al encontrarse parasitados con Syphacia obvelata y Leishmania mexicana. Esto puede conducir a resultados falsos positivos cuando el investigador experimente con Lehismania mexicana y los ratones se encuentren parasitados con Syphacia obvelata

Hong-kean Ooi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Characterization of rDNA sequences from Syphacia obvelata, Syphacia muris, and Aspiculuris tetraptera and development of a PCR-based method for identification.
    Veterinary parasitology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Joan Dee C Parel, Jedhan U Galula, Hong-kean Ooi
    Abstract:

    To differentiate the morphologically similar pinworms of the common laboratory rodents, such as Syphacia obvelata and Syphacia muris, we amplified and sequenced the region spanning the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1), 5.8S gene, and ITS-2 of the ribosomal DNA followed by designing of species-specific primers for future use in the identification of the worms. It was observed that S. obvelata, S. muris and Aspiculuris tetraptera can be differentiated from each other based on their rDNA sequences. This is the first report of the ITS-1, 5.8S, and ITS-2 of the rDNA of the three aforementioned rodent pinworm species. The use of restriction endonucleases, AluI or RsaI, further allowed the delineation of the three species. Moreover, we also constructed species-specific primers that were designed for unique regions of the ITS-2 of the three species. This approach allowed their specific identification with no amplicons being amplified from heterogenous DNA samples, and sequencing confirmed the identity of the sequences amplified. Thus, the use of these specific primers along with PCR-RFLP can serve as useful tools for the identification of pinworms in rats, mice, and wild rodents.

  • antibody production in Syphacia obvelata infected mice
    Journal of Parasitology, 1995
    Co-Authors: Yukita Sato, Hong-kean Ooi, Nariaki Nonaka, Yuzaburo Oku, Masao Kamiya
    Abstract:

    Antibody response to Syphacia obvelata infection was observed in AKR/J mice by ELISA. Experimental infection with the pinworm eggs showed the presence of specific IgG against S. obvelata somatic antigens at 12 days postinfection, and that it increased steadily thereafter. Sera of S. obvelata-infected mice showed cross-reactivity with somatic antigens of other Syphacia species such as S. mesocriceti and S. muris, but not with Aspiculuris asiatica. Western blotting of S. obvelata antigen with sera of S. obvelata-infected mice showed a corresponding increase in the number of bands during the course of infection. Infected mice showed significantly higher antibody production to sheep red blood cells than the uninfected control mice. Thus, S. obvelata infection is shown to alter the humoral response to nonparasitic antigenic stimuli. These observations indicate that infection by helminths, which apparently do not produce clinical symptoms, might modulate the immune system of the host and, therefore, affect experimental results.

C. T. Chimimba - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Molecular characterization of cosmopolitan and potentially co-invasive helminths of commensal, murid rodents in Gauteng Province, South Africa
    Parasitology Research, 2018
    Co-Authors: R. S. Julius, E. V. Schwan, C. T. Chimimba
    Abstract:

    Concurrent studies of helminth parasites of introduced and native rodent species are few and miss the opportunity to identify potential co-invasive parasite species. This study employed molecular tools to infer the phylogeny and elucidate the origin of potentially co-invasive parasites of commensal, murid rodents by assessing introduced Rattus norvegicus , Rattus rattus , Rattus tanezumi , and native Mastomys coucha in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Genotypes of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis recovered from R. norvegicus are nearly identical to those recovered from elsewhere in the world. The pinworms, Aspiculurus tetraptera , recovered from introduced R. tanezumi and R. rattus , Syphacia muris recovered from R. tanezumi , and Syphacia obvelata recovered from indigenous M. coucha have affiliations to those recovered of laboratory rodents from the USA and China. Syphacia obvelata was previously only known as a commensal endoparasite of laboratory rodents, and the S. muris genotype recovered from R. tanezumi in this study shows an affiliation to a genotype recovered from the same host species in Indonesia which is part of the native range. The study emphasizes the need for surveillance of potential co-invasive species and contributes in documenting genetic diversity of endoparasites of well-known hosts.

Arun K Yadav - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • anti pinworm activity of novel coumarin based trisubstituted methanes in Syphacia obvelata infected mice
    Parasitology International, 2021
    Co-Authors: Errini Decruse Dhar, Arun K Yadav, Grace Basumatary, Ghanashyam Bez
    Abstract:

    Abstract The control of pinworms mainly relies on use of anthelmintic drugs. At present, there exists only few medications against pinworms, and their repeated use pose a serious risk of resistance development. Therefore, new anti-pinworm drugs are required to overcome the risk of resistance. This study reports the anti-pinworm activity of three novel coumarin-based trisubstituted methanes (TRSMs), i.e., 6-Amino-5-((4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)(4-fluoro-phenyl)methyl)-1,3-dimethyl-pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (1), 6-Amino-5-((4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)(4-chlor-ophenyl)methyl)-1,3-dimethyl-pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (2) and 6-Amino-5-((4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)(4-bromophenyl)methyl)-1,3-dimethyl-pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (3) in Syphacia obvelata-infected mice. The oral acute toxicity of compounds was examined using the OECD guidelines. The findings of this study reveal that TRSM analogues 1 and 2, at a single 80 mg/kg dose given for 5 days, can reduce about 90% of pinworm worm burden in mice, compared to 98% worm reduction shown by 20 mg/kg dose of albendazole, the reference drug, on the 12 day of infection. In particular, the fluoro-and bromo-substituents in the phenyl ring of synthesized derivatives greatly influence the efficacy of candidates. The oral acute toxicity of TRSMs was observed to be greater than 2000 mg/kg body weight for mice. Taken together, our study suggests that studied novel coumarin-based trisubstituted methanes could serve as suitable candidates for the development of new anti-pinworm drugs.

  • In vitro and in vivo anthelmintic efficacy of two pentacyclic triterpenoids, ursolic acid and betulinic acid against mice pinworm, Syphacia obvelata
    Journal of Parasitic Diseases, 2018
    Co-Authors: Arun K Yadav, S. Gogoi
    Abstract:

    Pinworm infections are one of the common problems in laboratory rodents and man. At present there are only few drugs against intestinal helminths, and new drugs are urgently needed to cope up any future risk of drug resistance. Interest in plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) has risen considerably in the recent years for the discovery and development of new drugs. In the present study, we explored the in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic potentials of two pentacyclic triterpenoids, ursolic acid (UA) and betulinic acid (BA), the important PSMs of many medicinal plants, against Syphacia obvelata (Nematoda: Oxyuridae), a common pinworm of mice. The results of this study indicated that in both, in vitro and in vivo assays, BA showed comparatively better anthelmintic effects than UA. In the in vitro assay, 1.00 mg/ml concentration of BA showed paralysis and mortality of worms in 1.20 ± 0.04 and 2.30 ± 0.03 h, respectively. In the in vivo assay, a single 10.00 mg/kg dose of BA, administered for 5 days, revealed 68.78% reduction in egg counts and 84.08% reduction in worm counts of infected mice. The present study suggests that BA holds a great promise to be pursued further for detailed testing against some other representative group of helminth parasites.

  • in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic effects of caesalpinia bonducella l roxb leaf extract on hymenolepis diminuta cestoda and Syphacia obvelata nematoda
    Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Shyamalima Gogoi, Arun K Yadav
    Abstract:

    Background: Leaves of Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) Roxb., have been traditionally used as herbal remedy against intestinal helminths helminth infections in traditional medicine of India. Aim: This study was undertaken to evaluate the potential in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic effects of C. bonducella leaf extract against Syphacia obvelata (Nematoda) and Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda). Materials and Methods: The in vitro anthelmintic activity of the extract was investigated on adult Syphacia obvelata (Nematoda) and Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda) worms in terms of physical motility and mortality of parasites. The in vivo study was performed in H. diminuta-rat model and S. obvelata-mice model, by monitoring the egg per gram (EPG) of faeces count and worm count of animals following the treatment with different doses of plant extract. Results: The study recorded significant and dose-dependent anthelmintic effects of extract on both the parasites. In the in vitro study, 30 mg/ml concentration of extract caused mortality of H. diminuta in 2.5±0.2 h and S. obvelata in 3.57± 0.16 h. In the in vivo study, the extract showed a comparatively better efficacy on S. obvelata, where its 800 mg/kg dose revealed 93% reduction of worm load in mice, as compared to 85% reduction of H. diminuta worms in load. Conclusions: The findings suggest that leaf extract of C. bonducella possesses significant anthelmintic effects, and supports its use as an anthelmintic in traditional medicine. This appears to be the first report of in vivo anthelmintic activity of Caesalpinia bonducella against these parasites

  • In vitro and in vivo anthelmintic effects of Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) Roxb. leaf extract on Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda) and Syphacia obvelata (Nematoda)
    SAGEYA, 2016
    Co-Authors: Shyamalima Gogoi, Arun K Yadav
    Abstract:

    Background: Leaves of Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) Roxb., have been traditionally used as herbal remedy against intestinal helminths helminth infections in traditional medicine of India. Aim: This study was undertaken to evaluate the potential in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic effects of C. bonducella leaf extract against Syphacia obvelata (Nematoda) and Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda). Materials and Methods: The in vitro anthelmintic activity of the extract was investigated on adult Syphacia obvelata (Nematoda) and Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda) worms in terms of physical motility and mortality of parasites. The in vivo study was performed in H. diminuta-rat model and S. obvelata-mice model, by monitoring the egg per gram (EPG) of faeces count and worm count of animals following the treatment with different doses of plant extract. Results: The study recorded significant and dose-dependent anthelmintic effects of extract on both the parasites. In the in vitro study, 30 mg/ml concentration of extract caused mortality of H. diminuta in 2.5±0.2 h and S. obvelata in 3.57± 0.16 h. In the in vivo study, the extract showed a comparatively better efficacy on S. obvelata, where its 800 mg/kg dose revealed 93% reduction of worm load in mice, as compared to 85% reduction of H. diminuta worms in load. Conclusions: The findings suggest that leaf extract of C. bonducella possesses significant anthelmintic effects, and supports its use as an anthelmintic in traditional medicine. This appears to be the first report of in vivo anthelmintic activity of Caesalpinia bonducella against these parasites [J Complement Med Res 2016; 5(4.000): 427-433

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