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Jeffrey G Scott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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insecticide resistance monitoring of house fly populations from the united states
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 2019Co-Authors: Jamie C Freeman, Douglas Ross, Jeffrey G ScottAbstract:Abstract Insecticide resistance in house fly populations is a major problem faced by livestock producers worldwide. A survey of insecticide resistance levels and pyrethroid resistance allele frequencies in the United States was conducted in 2008–09, but little is known about how resistance levels have changed over the last 10 years. In addition, new target-site pyrethroid resistance alleles that confer high levels of resistance have been recently identified in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel, and their frequencies in field populations are unknown. Our aim in this study was to reassess the resistance status of house flies from select locations in the United States by examining resistance levels against commonly used insecticides and frequencies of known resistance alleles. House flies were collected from animal production facilities in five different states between 2016 and 2018. Resistance levels to three insecticides (permethrin, Tetrachlorvinphos, and methomyl), representing three classes of insecticides (pyrethroids, organophosphates and carbamates) varied geographically and were lowest in the population collected from New Mexico, intermediate in the population collected from Utah, and greatest in the population from Kansas. The recently identified 1B pyrethroid resistance allele increased dramatically in frequency compared to previous reports, most notably in populations from Kansas and Maryland, indicating that it may already be widespread around the United States. Based on comparison with historical data, the population collected from Kansas represents one of the most highly permethrin resistant populations ever sampled. If the alleles responsible for this level of resistance spread, pyrethroids may be of limited use for house fly control in the United States in the near future.
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comparison of two acetylcholinesterase gene cdnas of the lesser mealworm alphitobius diaperinus in insecticide susceptible and resistant strains
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 2008Co-Authors: Toshinori Kozaki, Ronda Hamm, Brian A Kimmelblatt, Jeffrey G ScottAbstract:Two cDNAs encoding different acetylcholinesterase (AChE) genes (AdAce1 and AdAce2) were sequenced and analyzed from the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus. Both AdAce1 and AdAce2 were highly similar (95 and 93% amino acid identity, respectively) with the Ace genes of Tribolium castaneum. Both AdAce1 and AdAce2 have the conserved residues characteristic of AChE (catalytic triad, intra-disulfide bonds, and so on). Partial cDNA sequences of the Alphitobius Ace genes were compared between two Tetrachlorvinphos resistant (Kennebec and Waycross) and one susceptible strain of beetles. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, but only one non-synonymous mutation was found (A271S in AdAce2). No SNPs were exclusively found in the resistant strains, the A271S mutation does not correspond to any mutations previously reported to alter sensitivity of AChE to organophosphates or carbamates, and the A271S was found only as a heterozygote in one individual from one of the resistant A. diaperinus strains. This suggests that Tetrachlorvinphos resistance in the Kennebec and Waycross strains of A. diaperinus is not due to mutations in either AChE gene. The sequences of AdAce1 and AdAce2 provide new information about the evolution of these important genes in insects.
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comparison of two acetylcholinesterase gene cdnas of the lesser mealworm alphitobius diaperinus in insecticide susceptible and resistant strains
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 2008Co-Authors: Toshinori Kozaki, Ronda Hamm, Brian A Kimmelblatt, Jeffrey G ScottAbstract:Two cDNAs encoding different acetylcholinesterase (AChE) genes (AdAce1 and AdAce2) were sequenced and analyzed from the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus. Both AdAce1 and AdAce2 were highly similar (95 and 93% amino acid identity, respectively) with the Ace genes of Tribolium castaneum. Both AdAce1 and AdAce2 have the conserved residues characteristic of AChE (catalytic triad, intra-disulfide bonds, and so on). Partial cDNA sequences of the Alphitobius Ace genes were compared between two Tetrachlorvinphos resistant (Kennebec and Waycross) and one susceptible strain of beetles. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, but only one non-synonymous mutation was found (A271S in AdAce2). No SNPs were exclusively found in the resistant strains, the A271S mutation does not correspond to any mutations previously reported to alter sensitivity of AChE to organophosphates or carbamates, and the A271S was found only as a heterozygote in one individual from one of the resistant A. diaperinus strains. This suggests that Tetrachlorvinphos resistance in the Kennebec and Waycross strains of A. diaperinus is not due to mutations in either AChE gene. The sequences of AdAce1 and AdAce2 provide new information about the evolution of these important genes in insects. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 67:130–138, 2008. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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resistance to cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos in the lesser mealworm alphitobius diaperinus collected from the eastern united states
Pest Management Science, 2006Co-Authors: Ronda Hamm, Colleen Reasor, Donald A Rutz, Phillip E. Kaufman, Jeffrey G ScottAbstract:The lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), is an important pest in poultry facilities. The toxicity of cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos to five strains of the lesser mealworm was compared with the toxicity to a susceptible laboratory strain. Bioassays were carried out with both larvae and adults. For the susceptible strain, cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos had similar toxicity to adults, but cyfluthrin was 5 times more toxic to larvae when compared with Tetrachlorvinphos. High levels of resistance to Tetrachlorvinphos in two beetle strains were detected in both larvae and adults, although these strains were heterogeneous and still contained susceptible individuals. Resistance to cyfluthrin ranged from 1.7- to 9.5-fold for adults and from 0.5- to 29-fold for larvae at the LC95. Overall, the patterns of resistance did not mirror the insecticide use patterns reported at these facilities. The implications of these results to management of the lesser mealworms are discussed. 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
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monitoring insecticide resistance in house flies diptera muscidae from new york dairies
Pest Management Science, 2001Co-Authors: Phillip E. Kaufman, Jeffrey G Scott, Donald A RutzAbstract:House flies were collected from dairies across New York state and the levels of resistance to seven insecticides were measured using standard laboratory assays with three to five diagnostic concentrations. The highest levels of resistance were found for Tetrachlorvinphos, permethrin and cyfluthrin. Although levels of resistance to methomyl were somewhat lower, they were among the highest ever reported for field-collected house flies. Resistance to pyrethrins was limited primarily to the lowest diagnostic concentration. House flies were susceptible to fipronil at all dairies, suggesting that this material would be highly effective for fly control. The levels of resistance were similar at all the dairies, irrespective of their insecticide use, suggesting substantial movement of flies between facilities. Relative to resistance levels found at New York dairies in 1987, resistance levels had increased for permethrin, were unchanged for Tetrachlorvinphos and had decreased for dimethoate. To identify a single diagnostic concentration that could be used in the laboratory assays to assess accurately resistance levels in future studies, we carried out a 'simulated' field bioassay using formulated materials. A diagnostic concentration for each insecticide is proposed on the basis of a comparison of our bioassays.
Phillip E. Kaufman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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susceptibility of lesser mealworm coleoptera tenebrionidae adults and larvae exposed to two commercial insecticides on unpainted plywood panels
Pest Management Science, 2008Co-Authors: Colleen Strong, Phillip E. Kaufman, Donald A RutzAbstract:BACKGROUND: The susceptibilities of adult and larval lesser mealworms, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), to two commercially formulated insecticides, cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos, were examined through exposure on treated plywood panels. Lesser mealworms were collected from four caged-layer poultry farms, three in New York and one in Maine. An additional strain was obtained from an infestation occurring in a cricket colony. RESULTS: In all poultry farm derived strains, a portion of the population (1.8‐16.2%) survived cyfluthrin exposure. The Maine and cricket colony strains were tolerant of Tetrachlorvinphos exposure as both larvae and adults, with 55‐74% mortality, whereas nearly 100% mortality was observed with New York strains. The cricket colony adult beetles were highly susceptible to cyfluthrin, with 100% mortality following exposure, but larvae were considerably less susceptible (87.7%). Pesticide use histories for the poultry farms and their impact on the results are discussed. CONCLUSION: The results document that Tetrachlorvinphos, an active ingredient with a long use history, may be losing its effectiveness against lesser mealworms in some poultry operations; however, it is still effective in many others. 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
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resistance to cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos in the lesser mealworm alphitobius diaperinus collected from the eastern united states
Pest Management Science, 2006Co-Authors: Ronda Hamm, Colleen Reasor, Donald A Rutz, Phillip E. Kaufman, Jeffrey G ScottAbstract:The lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), is an important pest in poultry facilities. The toxicity of cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos to five strains of the lesser mealworm was compared with the toxicity to a susceptible laboratory strain. Bioassays were carried out with both larvae and adults. For the susceptible strain, cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos had similar toxicity to adults, but cyfluthrin was 5 times more toxic to larvae when compared with Tetrachlorvinphos. High levels of resistance to Tetrachlorvinphos in two beetle strains were detected in both larvae and adults, although these strains were heterogeneous and still contained susceptible individuals. Resistance to cyfluthrin ranged from 1.7- to 9.5-fold for adults and from 0.5- to 29-fold for larvae at the LC95. Overall, the patterns of resistance did not mirror the insecticide use patterns reported at these facilities. The implications of these results to management of the lesser mealworms are discussed. 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
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monitoring insecticide resistance in house flies diptera muscidae from new york dairies
Pest Management Science, 2001Co-Authors: Phillip E. Kaufman, Jeffrey G Scott, Donald A RutzAbstract:House flies were collected from dairies across New York state and the levels of resistance to seven insecticides were measured using standard laboratory assays with three to five diagnostic concentrations. The highest levels of resistance were found for Tetrachlorvinphos, permethrin and cyfluthrin. Although levels of resistance to methomyl were somewhat lower, they were among the highest ever reported for field-collected house flies. Resistance to pyrethrins was limited primarily to the lowest diagnostic concentration. House flies were susceptible to fipronil at all dairies, suggesting that this material would be highly effective for fly control. The levels of resistance were similar at all the dairies, irrespective of their insecticide use, suggesting substantial movement of flies between facilities. Relative to resistance levels found at New York dairies in 1987, resistance levels had increased for permethrin, were unchanged for Tetrachlorvinphos and had decreased for dimethoate. To identify a single diagnostic concentration that could be used in the laboratory assays to assess accurately resistance levels in future studies, we carried out a 'simulated' field bioassay using formulated materials. A diagnostic concentration for each insecticide is proposed on the basis of a comparison of our bioassays.
Donald A Rutz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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susceptibility of lesser mealworm coleoptera tenebrionidae adults and larvae exposed to two commercial insecticides on unpainted plywood panels
Pest Management Science, 2008Co-Authors: Colleen Strong, Phillip E. Kaufman, Donald A RutzAbstract:BACKGROUND: The susceptibilities of adult and larval lesser mealworms, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), to two commercially formulated insecticides, cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos, were examined through exposure on treated plywood panels. Lesser mealworms were collected from four caged-layer poultry farms, three in New York and one in Maine. An additional strain was obtained from an infestation occurring in a cricket colony. RESULTS: In all poultry farm derived strains, a portion of the population (1.8‐16.2%) survived cyfluthrin exposure. The Maine and cricket colony strains were tolerant of Tetrachlorvinphos exposure as both larvae and adults, with 55‐74% mortality, whereas nearly 100% mortality was observed with New York strains. The cricket colony adult beetles were highly susceptible to cyfluthrin, with 100% mortality following exposure, but larvae were considerably less susceptible (87.7%). Pesticide use histories for the poultry farms and their impact on the results are discussed. CONCLUSION: The results document that Tetrachlorvinphos, an active ingredient with a long use history, may be losing its effectiveness against lesser mealworms in some poultry operations; however, it is still effective in many others. 2007 Society of Chemical Industry
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resistance to cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos in the lesser mealworm alphitobius diaperinus collected from the eastern united states
Pest Management Science, 2006Co-Authors: Ronda Hamm, Colleen Reasor, Donald A Rutz, Phillip E. Kaufman, Jeffrey G ScottAbstract:The lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), is an important pest in poultry facilities. The toxicity of cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos to five strains of the lesser mealworm was compared with the toxicity to a susceptible laboratory strain. Bioassays were carried out with both larvae and adults. For the susceptible strain, cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos had similar toxicity to adults, but cyfluthrin was 5 times more toxic to larvae when compared with Tetrachlorvinphos. High levels of resistance to Tetrachlorvinphos in two beetle strains were detected in both larvae and adults, although these strains were heterogeneous and still contained susceptible individuals. Resistance to cyfluthrin ranged from 1.7- to 9.5-fold for adults and from 0.5- to 29-fold for larvae at the LC95. Overall, the patterns of resistance did not mirror the insecticide use patterns reported at these facilities. The implications of these results to management of the lesser mealworms are discussed. 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
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monitoring insecticide resistance in house flies diptera muscidae from new york dairies
Pest Management Science, 2001Co-Authors: Phillip E. Kaufman, Jeffrey G Scott, Donald A RutzAbstract:House flies were collected from dairies across New York state and the levels of resistance to seven insecticides were measured using standard laboratory assays with three to five diagnostic concentrations. The highest levels of resistance were found for Tetrachlorvinphos, permethrin and cyfluthrin. Although levels of resistance to methomyl were somewhat lower, they were among the highest ever reported for field-collected house flies. Resistance to pyrethrins was limited primarily to the lowest diagnostic concentration. House flies were susceptible to fipronil at all dairies, suggesting that this material would be highly effective for fly control. The levels of resistance were similar at all the dairies, irrespective of their insecticide use, suggesting substantial movement of flies between facilities. Relative to resistance levels found at New York dairies in 1987, resistance levels had increased for permethrin, were unchanged for Tetrachlorvinphos and had decreased for dimethoate. To identify a single diagnostic concentration that could be used in the laboratory assays to assess accurately resistance levels in future studies, we carried out a 'simulated' field bioassay using formulated materials. A diagnostic concentration for each insecticide is proposed on the basis of a comparison of our bioassays.
Ronda Hamm - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparison of two acetylcholinesterase gene cdnas of the lesser mealworm alphitobius diaperinus in insecticide susceptible and resistant strains
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 2008Co-Authors: Toshinori Kozaki, Ronda Hamm, Brian A Kimmelblatt, Jeffrey G ScottAbstract:Two cDNAs encoding different acetylcholinesterase (AChE) genes (AdAce1 and AdAce2) were sequenced and analyzed from the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus. Both AdAce1 and AdAce2 were highly similar (95 and 93% amino acid identity, respectively) with the Ace genes of Tribolium castaneum. Both AdAce1 and AdAce2 have the conserved residues characteristic of AChE (catalytic triad, intra-disulfide bonds, and so on). Partial cDNA sequences of the Alphitobius Ace genes were compared between two Tetrachlorvinphos resistant (Kennebec and Waycross) and one susceptible strain of beetles. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, but only one non-synonymous mutation was found (A271S in AdAce2). No SNPs were exclusively found in the resistant strains, the A271S mutation does not correspond to any mutations previously reported to alter sensitivity of AChE to organophosphates or carbamates, and the A271S was found only as a heterozygote in one individual from one of the resistant A. diaperinus strains. This suggests that Tetrachlorvinphos resistance in the Kennebec and Waycross strains of A. diaperinus is not due to mutations in either AChE gene. The sequences of AdAce1 and AdAce2 provide new information about the evolution of these important genes in insects. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 67:130–138, 2008. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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comparison of two acetylcholinesterase gene cdnas of the lesser mealworm alphitobius diaperinus in insecticide susceptible and resistant strains
Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 2008Co-Authors: Toshinori Kozaki, Ronda Hamm, Brian A Kimmelblatt, Jeffrey G ScottAbstract:Two cDNAs encoding different acetylcholinesterase (AChE) genes (AdAce1 and AdAce2) were sequenced and analyzed from the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus. Both AdAce1 and AdAce2 were highly similar (95 and 93% amino acid identity, respectively) with the Ace genes of Tribolium castaneum. Both AdAce1 and AdAce2 have the conserved residues characteristic of AChE (catalytic triad, intra-disulfide bonds, and so on). Partial cDNA sequences of the Alphitobius Ace genes were compared between two Tetrachlorvinphos resistant (Kennebec and Waycross) and one susceptible strain of beetles. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, but only one non-synonymous mutation was found (A271S in AdAce2). No SNPs were exclusively found in the resistant strains, the A271S mutation does not correspond to any mutations previously reported to alter sensitivity of AChE to organophosphates or carbamates, and the A271S was found only as a heterozygote in one individual from one of the resistant A. diaperinus strains. This suggests that Tetrachlorvinphos resistance in the Kennebec and Waycross strains of A. diaperinus is not due to mutations in either AChE gene. The sequences of AdAce1 and AdAce2 provide new information about the evolution of these important genes in insects.
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resistance to cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos in the lesser mealworm alphitobius diaperinus collected from the eastern united states
Pest Management Science, 2006Co-Authors: Ronda Hamm, Colleen Reasor, Donald A Rutz, Phillip E. Kaufman, Jeffrey G ScottAbstract:The lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), is an important pest in poultry facilities. The toxicity of cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos to five strains of the lesser mealworm was compared with the toxicity to a susceptible laboratory strain. Bioassays were carried out with both larvae and adults. For the susceptible strain, cyfluthrin and Tetrachlorvinphos had similar toxicity to adults, but cyfluthrin was 5 times more toxic to larvae when compared with Tetrachlorvinphos. High levels of resistance to Tetrachlorvinphos in two beetle strains were detected in both larvae and adults, although these strains were heterogeneous and still contained susceptible individuals. Resistance to cyfluthrin ranged from 1.7- to 9.5-fold for adults and from 0.5- to 29-fold for larvae at the LC95. Overall, the patterns of resistance did not mirror the insecticide use patterns reported at these facilities. The implications of these results to management of the lesser mealworms are discussed. 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Lane D Foil - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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horn fly diptera muscidae resistance to organophosphate insecticides
Veterinary Parasitology, 2001Co-Authors: Antonio Thadeu Medeiros De Barros, J Ottea, D W Sanson, Lane D FoilAbstract:Abstract Insecticidal ear tags impregnated with organophosphate (OP) insecticides were used each year from 1989 to 1998 at Rosepine, LA. Weekly fly counts were conducted to evaluate control efficacy of the treatments, and bioassays were conducted at least twice per year to measure fly susceptibility to OP and pyrethroid insecticides. Between 1989 and 1992, the efficacy of 20% diazinon-impregnated ear tags was reduced from >20 to just 1 week of control. A high risk of control failure was observed when a resistance frequency of approximately 5% was measured in pre-season bioassays. Resistance to diazinon, fenthion, ethion, pirimiphos-methyl, and Tetrachlorvinphos was observed. Esterase activity toward α-naphthyl acetate was significantly higher in flies collected at Rosepine in 1997 than in flies from a laboratory colony and from a susceptible field population.
