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Anna Johnston - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mrs Milson’s Wordlist: Eliza Hamilton Dunlop and the Intimacy of Linguistic Work
Intimacies of Violence in the Settler Colony, 2018Co-Authors: Anna JohnstonAbstract:Early colonial linguistic collection reveals the intimate and ongoing negotiations between Indigenous people and their European interlocutors, and provides insight into colonial knowledge production as a shared, cross-cultural process. The poet Eliza Hamilton Dunlop constructed a wordlist from informants in Wollombi, transcribed songs, and published poetry sympathetic to Aboriginal suffering and dispossession from her arrival in New South Wales in 1838. Dunlop’s concerns for Aboriginal people and culture were heightened by her marriage to an agent of the law (David Dunlop was a police magistrate), and the couple were keenly interested in Aboriginal culture, language, and plight on the volatile and violent colonial frontier that surrounded them. The Dunlops had an acquaintance with Reverend Lancelot Threlkeld at the nearby Lake Macquarie Mission, who had shared interests in recording Aboriginal linguistic and cultural knowledge, and in publicising and lamenting colonial violence. This chapter examines Dunlop’s linguistic and other work to reveal the imbrication of language collection, knowledge production, and humanitarian advocacy.
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mrs milson s wordlist eliza hamilton dunlop and the intimacy of linguistic work
2018Co-Authors: Anna JohnstonAbstract:Early colonial linguistic collection reveals the intimate and ongoing negotiations between Indigenous people and their European interlocutors, and provides insight into colonial knowledge production as a shared, cross-cultural process. The poet Eliza Hamilton Dunlop constructed a wordlist from informants in Wollombi, transcribed songs, and published poetry sympathetic to Aboriginal suffering and dispossession from her arrival in New South Wales in 1838. Dunlop’s concerns for Aboriginal people and culture were heightened by her marriage to an agent of the law (David Dunlop was a police magistrate), and the couple were keenly interested in Aboriginal culture, language, and plight on the volatile and violent colonial frontier that surrounded them. The Dunlops had an acquaintance with Reverend Lancelot Threlkeld at the nearby Lake Macquarie Mission, who had shared interests in recording Aboriginal linguistic and cultural knowledge, and in publicising and lamenting colonial violence. This chapter examines Dunlop’s linguistic and other work to reveal the imbrication of language collection, knowledge production, and humanitarian advocacy.
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The Language of Colonial Violence: Lancelot Threlkeld, Humanitarian Narratives and the New South Wales Law Courts
2017Co-Authors: Anna JohnstonAbstract:This article analyses humanitarian narratives that emerged in response to violence in New South Wales in the 1830s and argues that they make a revealing contribution to the antecedent history of human rights. The missionary Lancelot Threlkeld used his linguistic skills and access to Indigenous communities to collect and circulate testimony about violence and conflict. Threlkeld passed on such information in a variety of ways, for a variety of purposes and through a diverse network of correspondence and print. This article analyses how such testimony was framed within the language of colonial violence into humanitarian narratives, how it was mobilised for specific local and international effects, and how print culture mobilised (or countered) evidence of colonial conflict as part of broader debates about the British Empire, Indigenous peoples and the law. It argues for a nuanced approach to legal sources which enables us to see the crucial role of the Australian settler colonies in nascent human rights discourses and legal practices.
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Mission Statements: textuality and morality in the colonial archive
Journal of the association for the study of Australian literature, 2013Co-Authors: Anna JohnstonAbstract:An account of the role of Lancelot Edward Threlkeld of the London Missionary Society, as an example of the work of colonial missionaries, particularly their ambivalent relationship with Aboriginal people.
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Linguistics, Religion, and Law in Colonial New South Wales: Lancelot Threkeld and Settler-Colonial Humanitarian Debates
Past Law Present Histories, 2012Co-Authors: Anna JohnstonAbstract:Reverend Lancelot Threlkeld was a familiar face in the Sydney law courts during the late l820s and 18l0s. The missionary the sole London Missionary Society (LMS) representative in the Australian colonies during this period was regularly accompanied by an Aboriginal man, Biraban, who served as dual translator and advisor to Threlkeld. The presence of the two men dramatised questions about Aboriginal legal status and humanitarian interests in the colonial legal system, connecting local affairs with broader imperial concerns. Attending many of the key cases during the 1830s, Threlkeld was instrumental in raising uncomfortable questions about how legal processes dealt with Aboriginal people. His prolific and provocative writing on such issues circulated setller colonial controversies pertaining to the law around the British empire. Neither simply a cross-cultural hero nor a self-aggrandising bigot, Threlkeld exemplifies the complexity of settler identities and societies in formation.
Hilary M. Carey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Waiting for Biraban: Lancelot Threlkeld and the 'Chibcha Phenomenon' in Australian Missionary Linguistics
Language & History, 2011Co-Authors: Jim Wafer, Hilary M. CareyAbstract:AbstractThis paper is a historical and linguistic introduction to some of the missionary translations made by the Reverend Lancelot Threlkeld (1788–1859) into the language (sometimes called 'Awabakal') of the Hunter River–Lake Macquarie region of Australia's east coast. It focuses in particular on Threlkeld's shorter texts, including his 'Selections from the Scriptures', which is the earliest published scripture translation into an Australian language. The paper places Threlkeld and his Indigenous collaborator Biraban in their local historical context, and also in the broader context of missionary linguistics. It considers some unique features of this genre, and focuses on cases where missionary compositions provide the only substantial records of an extinct language (the 'Chibcha phenomenon'). Such cases raise the question of reliability, which we propose can be tested. We use as our example a grammatical feature, the subordinator =pa, to determine the extent to which Threlkeld's construction of subordin...
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‘The Secret of England's Greatness’: Medievalism, Ornithology, and Anglican Imperialism in the Aboriginal Gospel Book of Sir George Grey
Journal of Victorian Culture, 2011Co-Authors: Hilary M. CareyAbstract:The Bible was a central symbol of the Victorian age and one which was readily adapted to the Gothic style which became fashionable from the middle of the nineteenth century. This essay provides an analysis for the Aboriginal Gospel Book (Auckland Public Library, Grey MS 82) which was once owned by the colonial administrator Sir George Grey (1812–1898). This contains a translation of the Gospel of St Luke which was completed by the missionary Lancelot Threlkeld (1788–1859) and his Aboriginal collaborator Johnnie M‘Gill or Biraban (fl. 1819–d. 1842) into the language of the Hunter River and Lake Macquarie people of New South Wales. After Threlkeld's death, Grey's Aboriginal Gospel Book was decorated by the artist Annie Layard (c. 1826–86), wife of ornithologist Edgar Leopold Layard (1824–1900), in the style of a great, medieval illuminated manuscript. This essay analyses the relationship between missionary, manuscript, patron and artist and the medievalizing context of the 1860s and 1870s including the Goth...
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Lancelot Threlkeld, Biraban and the Colonial Bible in Australia
Comparative Studies in Society and History, 2010Co-Authors: Hilary M. CareyAbstract:Ethnographers, historians, and linguists have argued for many years about the nature of the relationship between missionaries and their collaborators. Critics of missionary linguistics and education have pointed out that Bible translations were tools forged for the cultural conquest of native people and that missionary impacts on local cultures nearly always destructive and frequently overwhelming (Comaroff and Comaroff 1997; Rafael 1988; Sanneh 1989). Sociolinguistic readings of scripture translation have emphasized the cultural loss inherent in the act of translation and even seemingly benign activities such as dictionary making (Errington 2001; Peterson 1999; Tomlinson 2006). To make this point, Rafael (1988: xvii) notes the semantic links between the various Spanish words for conquest ( conquista ), conversion ( conversion ), and translation ( traduccion ). Historians, on the other hand, have generally been more skeptical about the power of mere words to exert hegemonic pressure on colonized people and have emphasized the more tangible power of guns and commerce as agents of empire (Porter 2004). Few would deny the symbolic power of the Bible as a representation of colonial domination, as in the saying attributed to Archbishop Desmond Tutu by Cox (2008: 4): “When the white man arrived, he had the Bible and we had the land; now, we have the Bible and he has the land.”
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Death, God and Linguistics: Conversations with Missionaries on the Australian Frontier, 1824–1845
Australian Historical Studies, 2009Co-Authors: Hilary M. CareyAbstract:Abstract The first encounters between Aborigines and Europeans in south-eastern Australia were constrained by profound social and linguistic barriers, but they did provide opportunities for cultural exchange. This article argues that important evidence is contained in linguistic materials compiled by missionaries for the purposes of evangelisation and scripture translation. It interprets the linguistic work of Lancelot Threlkeld (1788–1859), who conducted a mission on behalf of London Missionary Society and, later, the government of New South Wales, to the ‘Awabakal’ or Kuri people of the Hunter River and Lake Macquarie region from 1824–1841, and William Watson (1798–1866) and James Gunther (1806–1879) of the Church Missionary Society, whose mission was to the Wiradhurri people of Wellington Valley, NSW, from 1832 to 1843, as sources for life on the colonial frontier. It argues that linguistic sources provide a unique insight, expressed in languages now extinguished, into the conversations conducted by mi...
Amy Elliott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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LibGuides: HIST 430 The United States Becomes a World Power, 1890-1950: Journal Articles
2018Co-Authors: Amy ElliottAbstract:Class Guide for Senior Seminar HIST 430 The United States Becomes a World Power, 1890-1950, Dr. Threlkeld
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LibGuides: HIST 430-01 The United States Becomes a World Power, 1890-1950: HIST 430 The United States Becomes a World Power, 1890-1950
2018Co-Authors: Amy ElliottAbstract:Class Guide for Senior Seminar HIST 430-01 The United States Becomes a World Power, 1890-1950, Dr. Threlkeld
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LibGuides: HIST 430-01 The United States Becomes a World Power, 1890-1950: Reference
2018Co-Authors: Amy ElliottAbstract:Class Guide for Senior Seminar HIST 430-01 The United States Becomes a World Power, 1890-1950, Dr. Threlkeld
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LibGuides: HIST 430-01 The United States Becomes a World Power, 1890-1950: Books and Ebooks
2018Co-Authors: Amy ElliottAbstract:Class Guide for Senior Seminar HIST 430-01 The United States Becomes a World Power, 1890-1950, Dr. Threlkeld
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LibGuides: HIST 430-01 The United States Becomes a World Power, 1890-1950: Videos and Film
2018Co-Authors: Amy ElliottAbstract:Class Guide for Senior Seminar HIST 430-01 The United States Becomes a World Power, 1890-1950, Dr. Threlkeld
Stephen T. Threlkeld - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Host preference, seasonality, and community interactions of zooplankton epibionts
Limnology and Oceanography, 1993Co-Authors: Deborah A. Chiavelli, Edward L. Mills, Stephen T. ThrelkeldAbstract:We examined host preference, seasonality, and zooplankton-epibiont community interactions of three phototrophic epibionts: Colacium calvum, Colacium vesiculosum, and Synedra cyclopum on pelagic crustacean zooplankton over a 4-yr period in Oneida Lake, New York. The three epibionts were most common from midspring to early summer. Colacium calvum and S. cyclopum preferred Daphnia as a host over all other taxa and C. vesiculosum preferred cyclopoids followed by Daphnia. The prevalence of all three epibionts was directly correlated to the density of Daphnia, and no zooplankton were observed with these epibionts when Daphnia was absent from the zooplankton community. Predation on Daphnia by age-0 fish indirectly limited the seasonal presence of both Colacium spp. Synedra cyclopum was abundant in years when water transparency and Daphnia pulex abundance were highest, and rare in years when transparency was low and Daphnia galeata was the most abundant Daphnia. Lake nutrient concentrations had no discernible effect on epibiont abundance. Crustacean zooplankton often have protozoans, rotifers, algae, and (or) bacteria on their exoskeletons. These epibionts may impede movement and reduce buoyancy of zooplankton, making it more difficult for zooplankton to maintain their position in the water column, avoid and escape predators, and obtain food (Green 1974; Evans et al. 1979; Kankaala and Eloranta 1987; Wahl1989). Epibionts may also reduce the reproductive rate of zooplankton (Green 1974; Henebry and Ridgeway 1979; Threlkeld and Willey 199 3) and increase their vulnerability to planktivorous fish (Willey et al. 1990). In Oneida Lake, a large, shallow, eutrophic lake in central New York State, zooplankton and their relationship to planktivorous fish abundance have been studied since the early 196Os, and over this period epibionts have often been noticed on the zooplankton. These observations prompted a study of three of the
David K. Watkins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Calcareous Nannofossil Paleoecology of the mid-Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway and Evidence of Oligotrophic Surface Waters during OAE2
Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 2013Co-Authors: Matthew J. Corbett, David K. WatkinsAbstract:Abstract Analysis of calcareous nannofossils, total organic carbon(TOC) values, and carbon isotope records from outcrop and drill cores in the central (Colorado and Kansas) and southern (Texas) Western Interior Basin (WIB) indicates predominantly oligotrophic surface water conditions during the late Cenomanian–Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event 2(OAE2). High-resolution bio-chemostratigraphy of this interval allows for detailed correlation of changes in nannofossil assemblages and TOC across the WIB and aids comparison with other global records. Prior to and at the onset of OAE2, the A interval in the δ13C positive excursion identified by Pratt and Threlkeld (1984), mesotrophic to eutrophic nannofossil taxa Biscutum and Zeugrhabdotus are relatively high in abundance and foraminiferal assemblages record a high diversity “benthonic zone”. TOC sharply declines at the start of OAE2 despite evidence of high surface productivity and benthic diversity, implying that the seafloor was briefly oxygenated during a period of enhanced mixing in the expanding Western Interior Seaway. During the latter two thirds of OAE2 (intervals B and C in the excursion) TOC periodically increases, suggesting that anoxic conditions returned at the substrate, despite persistently low abundances of Biscutum and Zeugrhabdotus, implying oligotrophic surface water conditions. The divergence of these two proxies suggests a highly stratified water column in the WIB, not higher productivity, which resulted in anoxic conditions during OAE2. If productivity was not the primary cause of increased carbon burial in the WIB it is probable that increased terrestrial runoff and incursion of warm, saline Tethyan waters from the south led to salinity stratification. In the absence of mixing, warm and saline bottom waters would have been isolated from freshened Boreal currents and become stagnant, allowing for preservation of greater amounts of organic material in the substrate. Nannofossil records from Cuba, KS are an exception, and reveal relatively high productivity throughout, suggesting that occasional mixing of nutrients to the surface may have continued along the eastern margin of the central WIB.
