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B. S. Gill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a set of triticum aestivum aegilops speltoides robertsonian Translocation Lines
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2016Co-Authors: Wenxuan Liu, Bernd Friebe, Dalhoe Koo, B. S. GillAbstract:Here we report the production of a set of wheat - Aegilops speltoides Robertsonian Translocations covering all Ae. speltoides chromosome arms except the long arm of the homoeologous group 4 chromosome. Aegilops speltoides of the Poaceae family is the most probable donor of the B and G genomes of polyploid Triticum species and also an important source of resistance to diseases and pests of wheat. Previously, we reported the production of a complete set of T aestivum-Ae. speltoides chromosome addition Lines and a set of disomic S(B/A)-genome chromosome substitution Lines. The isolation of compensating Robertsonian Translocations (RobTs) composed of alien chromosome arms translocated to homoeologous wheat chromosome arms is the important next step to exploit the genetic variation of a wild relative of wheat. Here, we report the development of molecular markers specific for the S-genome chromosomes and their use in the isolation of a set of 13 compensating wheat-Ae. speltoides RobTs covering the S genome of Ae. speltoides except for the long arm of chromosome 4S. Most of the RobTs were fully fertile and will facilitate mapping of genes to specific chromosome arms and also will accelerate the introgression of agronomically useful traits from Ae. speltoides into wheat by homologous recombination.
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development of a set of compensating triticum aestivum dasypyrum villosum robertsonian Translocation Lines
Genome, 2011Co-Authors: Cheng Liu, Bernd Friebe, Wenxuan Liu, Wanchun Zhao, Jamie Wilson, B. S. GillAbstract:Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candargy, a wild relative of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is the source of many agronomically important genes for wheat improvement. Production of compensating Robertsonian Translocations (cRobTs), consisting of D. villosum chromosome arms translocated to homoeologous wheat chromosome arms, is one of the initial steps in exploiting this variation. The cRobTs for D. villosum chromosomes 1V, 4V, and 6V have been reported previously. Here we report attempted cRobTs for wheat - D. villosum chromosome combinations 2D/2V, 3D/3V, 5D/5V, and 7D/7V. The cRobTs for all D. villosum chromosomes were recovered except for the 2VS and 5VL arms. As was the case with the 6D/6V combination, no cRobTs involving 2D/2V chromosomes were recovered; instead, cRobT T2BS·2VL involving a non- targeted chromosome was recovered. All cRobTs are fertile, although the level of spike fertility and hundred kernel weight (HKW) varied among the Lines. The set of cRobTs involving 12 of the 14 D. villosum chromosomes will be useful in wheat improvement programs. In fact, among the already reported cRobTs, T6AL·6VS carrying the Pm21 gene is deployed in agri- culture and many useful genes have been reported on other cRobTs including resistance to stem rust race UG99 on T6AS·6VL.
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development and characterization of two new triticum aestivum dasypyrum villosum robertsonian Translocation Lines t1ds 1v 3l and t1dl 1v 3s and their effect on grain quality
Euphytica, 2010Co-Authors: Wanchun Zhao, Bernd Friebe, Xiang Gao, Gaisheng Zhang, Jian Dong, Qijiao Chen, B. S. GillAbstract:Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candargy is a diploid, wild relative of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Previous studies showed that D. villosum chromosome 1V has genes that encode seed storage proteins that may be used to enhance the grain quality of bread wheat. As a first step in genetic transfer, the present study was initiated to develop compensating Robertsonian Translocations involving wheat chromosome 1D and D. villosum chromosome 1V and to analyze their effects on grain quality. A monosomic 1D stock was crossed with the disomic addition stock DA1V#3 and the double monosomic plants (20″ + 1D′ + 1V#3′) were self pollinated. Two co-dominant STS markers (BE499250 and BE591682) polymorphic for the short arm of 1V#3S and two dominant STS markers (BE518358 and BE585781) polymorphic for the long arm of 1V#3L were developed to screen a large number of progeny to identify plants that had only the 1V#3S or 1V#3L arms. Five compensating Robertsonian heterozygous Translocations, two (plants #56 and #83) for the short arm (T1DL·1V#3S) and three (plants #7, #123, and #208) for the long arm (T1DS·1V#3L) were identified from 282 F2 plants and confirmed by genomic in situ hybridization and C-banding analyses. Two homozygous Translocations T1DL·1V#3S (plants #14 and #39) were identified from 52 F3 plants derived from F2 plant #83. Four homozygous Translocations T1DS·1V#3L (plants #3, #22, #29, and #30) were identified from 68 F3 plants derived from F2 plant #208. The homozygous Translocation T1DL·1V#3S had a significantly higher (37.4 ml) and T1DS·1V#3L had significantly lower (10 ml) Zeleny sedimentation values compared to Chinese Spring wheat (30.7 ml). Our results showed that 1V#3S increased gluten strength and enhanced wheat quality, but 1V#3L decreased gluten strength and did not enhance wheat quality.
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molecular cytogenetic characterization of alien introgressions with gene fhb3 for resistance to fusarium head blight disease of wheat
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2008Co-Authors: Michael O Pumphrey, Bernd Friebe, Peidu Chen, B. S. GillAbstract:Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance was identified in the alien species Leymus racemosus, and wheat-Leymus introgression Lines with FHB resistance were reported previously. Detailed molecular cytogenetic analysis of alien introgressions T01, T09, and T14 and the mapping of Fhb3, a new gene for FHB resistance, are reported here. The introgression line T09 had an unknown wheat-Leymus Translocation chromosome. A total of 36 RFLP markers selected from the seven homoeologous groups of wheat were used to characterize T09 and determine the homoeologous relationship of the introgressed Leymus chromosome with wheat. Only short arm markers for group 7 detected Leymus-specific fragments in T09, whereas 7AS-specific RFLP fragments were missing. C-banding and genomic in situ hybridization results indicated that T09 has a compensating Robertsonian Translocation T7AL·7Lr#1S involving the long arm of wheat chromosome 7A and the short arm of Leymus chromosome 7Lr#1 substituting for chromosome arm 7AS of wheat. Introgression Lines T01 (2n = 44) and T14 (2n = 44) each had two pairs of independent Translocation chromosomes. T01 had T4BS·4BL-7Lr#1S + T4BL-7Lr#1S·5Lr#1S. T14 had T6BS·6BL-7Lr#1S + T6BL·5Lr#1S. These Translocations were recovered in the progeny of the irradiated line Lr#1 (T5Lr#1S·7Lr#1S). The three Translocation Lines, T01, T09, and T14, and the disomic addition 7Lr#1 were consistently resistant to FHB in greenhouse point-inoculation experiments, whereas the disomic addition 5Lr#1 was susceptible. The data indicated that at least one novel FHB resistance gene from Leymus, designated Fhb3, resides in the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 7Lr#1, because the resistant Translocation Lines share a common distal segment of 7Lr#1S. Three PCR-based markers, BE586744-STS, BE404728-STS, and BE586111-STS, specific for 7Lr#1S were developed to expedite marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.
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molecular cytogenetic analysis of agropyron chromatin specifying resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus in wheat
Genome, 1996Co-Authors: Uwe Hohmann, K Badaeva, W Busch, Bernd Friebe, B. S. GillAbstract:Nine families of bread wheat (TC5, TC6, TC7, TC8, TC9, TC10, TC14, 5395-(243AA), and 5395) with resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus and containing putative Translocations between wheat and a group 7 chromosome of Agropyron intermedium (L1 disomic addition line, 7Ai#1 chromosome) induced by homoeologous pairing or tissue culture were analyzed. C-banding, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in combination with repetitive Agropyron-specific sequences and deletion mapping in wheat were used to determine the relative locations of the Translocation breakpoints and the size of the transferred alien chromatin segments in hexaploid wheat–Agropyron Translocation Lines. All homoeologous compensating Lines had complete 7Ai#1 or translocated 7Ai#1–7D chromosomes that substitute for chromosome 7D. Two complete 7Ai#1 (7D) substitution Lines (5395-(243AA) and 5395), one T1BS–7Ai#1S∙7Ai#1L addition line (TC7), and two different Translocation types, T7DS–7Ai#1S∙7Ai#...
Bernd Friebe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a set of triticum aestivum aegilops speltoides robertsonian Translocation Lines
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2016Co-Authors: Wenxuan Liu, Bernd Friebe, Dalhoe Koo, B. S. GillAbstract:Here we report the production of a set of wheat - Aegilops speltoides Robertsonian Translocations covering all Ae. speltoides chromosome arms except the long arm of the homoeologous group 4 chromosome. Aegilops speltoides of the Poaceae family is the most probable donor of the B and G genomes of polyploid Triticum species and also an important source of resistance to diseases and pests of wheat. Previously, we reported the production of a complete set of T aestivum-Ae. speltoides chromosome addition Lines and a set of disomic S(B/A)-genome chromosome substitution Lines. The isolation of compensating Robertsonian Translocations (RobTs) composed of alien chromosome arms translocated to homoeologous wheat chromosome arms is the important next step to exploit the genetic variation of a wild relative of wheat. Here, we report the development of molecular markers specific for the S-genome chromosomes and their use in the isolation of a set of 13 compensating wheat-Ae. speltoides RobTs covering the S genome of Ae. speltoides except for the long arm of chromosome 4S. Most of the RobTs were fully fertile and will facilitate mapping of genes to specific chromosome arms and also will accelerate the introgression of agronomically useful traits from Ae. speltoides into wheat by homologous recombination.
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development of a set of compensating triticum aestivum dasypyrum villosum robertsonian Translocation Lines
Genome, 2011Co-Authors: Cheng Liu, Bernd Friebe, Wenxuan Liu, Wanchun Zhao, Jamie Wilson, B. S. GillAbstract:Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candargy, a wild relative of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is the source of many agronomically important genes for wheat improvement. Production of compensating Robertsonian Translocations (cRobTs), consisting of D. villosum chromosome arms translocated to homoeologous wheat chromosome arms, is one of the initial steps in exploiting this variation. The cRobTs for D. villosum chromosomes 1V, 4V, and 6V have been reported previously. Here we report attempted cRobTs for wheat - D. villosum chromosome combinations 2D/2V, 3D/3V, 5D/5V, and 7D/7V. The cRobTs for all D. villosum chromosomes were recovered except for the 2VS and 5VL arms. As was the case with the 6D/6V combination, no cRobTs involving 2D/2V chromosomes were recovered; instead, cRobT T2BS·2VL involving a non- targeted chromosome was recovered. All cRobTs are fertile, although the level of spike fertility and hundred kernel weight (HKW) varied among the Lines. The set of cRobTs involving 12 of the 14 D. villosum chromosomes will be useful in wheat improvement programs. In fact, among the already reported cRobTs, T6AL·6VS carrying the Pm21 gene is deployed in agri- culture and many useful genes have been reported on other cRobTs including resistance to stem rust race UG99 on T6AS·6VL.
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development and characterization of two new triticum aestivum dasypyrum villosum robertsonian Translocation Lines t1ds 1v 3l and t1dl 1v 3s and their effect on grain quality
Euphytica, 2010Co-Authors: Wanchun Zhao, Bernd Friebe, Xiang Gao, Gaisheng Zhang, Jian Dong, Qijiao Chen, B. S. GillAbstract:Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candargy is a diploid, wild relative of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Previous studies showed that D. villosum chromosome 1V has genes that encode seed storage proteins that may be used to enhance the grain quality of bread wheat. As a first step in genetic transfer, the present study was initiated to develop compensating Robertsonian Translocations involving wheat chromosome 1D and D. villosum chromosome 1V and to analyze their effects on grain quality. A monosomic 1D stock was crossed with the disomic addition stock DA1V#3 and the double monosomic plants (20″ + 1D′ + 1V#3′) were self pollinated. Two co-dominant STS markers (BE499250 and BE591682) polymorphic for the short arm of 1V#3S and two dominant STS markers (BE518358 and BE585781) polymorphic for the long arm of 1V#3L were developed to screen a large number of progeny to identify plants that had only the 1V#3S or 1V#3L arms. Five compensating Robertsonian heterozygous Translocations, two (plants #56 and #83) for the short arm (T1DL·1V#3S) and three (plants #7, #123, and #208) for the long arm (T1DS·1V#3L) were identified from 282 F2 plants and confirmed by genomic in situ hybridization and C-banding analyses. Two homozygous Translocations T1DL·1V#3S (plants #14 and #39) were identified from 52 F3 plants derived from F2 plant #83. Four homozygous Translocations T1DS·1V#3L (plants #3, #22, #29, and #30) were identified from 68 F3 plants derived from F2 plant #208. The homozygous Translocation T1DL·1V#3S had a significantly higher (37.4 ml) and T1DS·1V#3L had significantly lower (10 ml) Zeleny sedimentation values compared to Chinese Spring wheat (30.7 ml). Our results showed that 1V#3S increased gluten strength and enhanced wheat quality, but 1V#3L decreased gluten strength and did not enhance wheat quality.
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molecular cytogenetic characterization of alien introgressions with gene fhb3 for resistance to fusarium head blight disease of wheat
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2008Co-Authors: Michael O Pumphrey, Bernd Friebe, Peidu Chen, B. S. GillAbstract:Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance was identified in the alien species Leymus racemosus, and wheat-Leymus introgression Lines with FHB resistance were reported previously. Detailed molecular cytogenetic analysis of alien introgressions T01, T09, and T14 and the mapping of Fhb3, a new gene for FHB resistance, are reported here. The introgression line T09 had an unknown wheat-Leymus Translocation chromosome. A total of 36 RFLP markers selected from the seven homoeologous groups of wheat were used to characterize T09 and determine the homoeologous relationship of the introgressed Leymus chromosome with wheat. Only short arm markers for group 7 detected Leymus-specific fragments in T09, whereas 7AS-specific RFLP fragments were missing. C-banding and genomic in situ hybridization results indicated that T09 has a compensating Robertsonian Translocation T7AL·7Lr#1S involving the long arm of wheat chromosome 7A and the short arm of Leymus chromosome 7Lr#1 substituting for chromosome arm 7AS of wheat. Introgression Lines T01 (2n = 44) and T14 (2n = 44) each had two pairs of independent Translocation chromosomes. T01 had T4BS·4BL-7Lr#1S + T4BL-7Lr#1S·5Lr#1S. T14 had T6BS·6BL-7Lr#1S + T6BL·5Lr#1S. These Translocations were recovered in the progeny of the irradiated line Lr#1 (T5Lr#1S·7Lr#1S). The three Translocation Lines, T01, T09, and T14, and the disomic addition 7Lr#1 were consistently resistant to FHB in greenhouse point-inoculation experiments, whereas the disomic addition 5Lr#1 was susceptible. The data indicated that at least one novel FHB resistance gene from Leymus, designated Fhb3, resides in the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 7Lr#1, because the resistant Translocation Lines share a common distal segment of 7Lr#1S. Three PCR-based markers, BE586744-STS, BE404728-STS, and BE586111-STS, specific for 7Lr#1S were developed to expedite marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.
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molecular cytogenetic analysis of agropyron chromatin specifying resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus in wheat
Genome, 1996Co-Authors: Uwe Hohmann, K Badaeva, W Busch, Bernd Friebe, B. S. GillAbstract:Nine families of bread wheat (TC5, TC6, TC7, TC8, TC9, TC10, TC14, 5395-(243AA), and 5395) with resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus and containing putative Translocations between wheat and a group 7 chromosome of Agropyron intermedium (L1 disomic addition line, 7Ai#1 chromosome) induced by homoeologous pairing or tissue culture were analyzed. C-banding, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in combination with repetitive Agropyron-specific sequences and deletion mapping in wheat were used to determine the relative locations of the Translocation breakpoints and the size of the transferred alien chromatin segments in hexaploid wheat–Agropyron Translocation Lines. All homoeologous compensating Lines had complete 7Ai#1 or translocated 7Ai#1–7D chromosomes that substitute for chromosome 7D. Two complete 7Ai#1 (7D) substitution Lines (5395-(243AA) and 5395), one T1BS–7Ai#1S∙7Ai#1L addition line (TC7), and two different Translocation types, T7DS–7Ai#1S∙7Ai#...
Lihui Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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physical mapping of a novel locus conferring leaf rust resistance on the long arm of agropyron cristatum chromosome 2p
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2018Co-Authors: Bo Jiang, Shenghui Zhou, Lihui Li, Huanhuan Li, Jinpeng Zhang, Xinming Yang, Xiuquan LiAbstract:Wheat leaf rust is one of the most common wheat diseases worldwide and can cause up to 40% wheat yield loss. To combat the growth and spread of leaf rust disease, continual exploration and identification of new and effective resistance genes are needed. Here, we report for the first time a locus conferring leaf rust resistance located on the long arm of Agropyron cristatum chromosome 2P in Triticum aestivum-A. cristatum 2P Translocation Lines. This study used 50 leaf rust races, including two Chinese major dominant leaf rust races, named by THT and PHT, and other 48 different leaf rust races collected from 11 provinces, 1autonomous region and 1 municipality of China to test the resistance to T. aestivum-A. cristatum 2P chromosome Translocation Lines and their backcross populations, the results indicated that the novel leaf rust resistance locus was immune or nearly immune to all tested leaf rust races. Four long arm Translocation Lines with different breakpoints of A. cristatum chromosome 2PL and their backcross populations were tested with leaf rust race THT at the seedling and adult stages and genotyped with 2P-specific STS markers. The results showed that the novel leaf rust resistance locus of the T. aestivum-A. cristatum 2P Translocation Lines was located in the chromosomal bin FL 0.66-0.86 of 2PL. Therefore, T. aestivum-A. cristatum 2P chromosome Translocation Lines conferring leaf rust resistance locus could provide a novel disease-resistance resource for future wheat breeding programs.
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transferring desirable genes from agropyron cristatum 7p chromosome into common wheat
PLOS ONE, 2016Co-Authors: Mingjie Lu, Xiuquan Li, Huanhuan Li, Jinpeng Zhang, Xinming Yang, Yuqing Lu, Lihui LiAbstract:Wheat-Agropyron cristatum 7P disomic addition line Ⅱ-5-1, derived from the distant hybridization between A. cristatum (2n = 4x = 28, PPPP) and the common wheat cv. Fukuhokomugi (Fukuho), displays numerous desirable agronomic traits, including enhanced thousand-grain weight, smaller flag leaf, and enhanced tolerance to drought. In order to transfer these traits into common wheat, Ⅱ-5-1 was induced by 60Co-γ ray, leading to the creation of 18 Translocation Lines and three deletion Lines. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) indicated that multiple wheat chromosomes were involved in the Translocation events, including chromosome 2A, 3A, 5A, 7A, 3B, 5B, 7B, 3D and 7D. A. cristatum 7P chromosome was divided into 15 chromosomal bins with fifty-five sequence-tagged site (STS) markers specific to A. cristatum 7P chromosome. Seven and eight chromosomal bins were located on 7PS and 7PL, respectively. The above-mentioned Translocation and deletion Lines each contained different, yet overlapping 7P chromosomal fragments, covering the entire A. cristatum 7P chromosome. Three Translocation Lines (7PT-13, 7PT-14 and 7PT-17) and three deletion Lines (del-1, del-2 and del-3), which contained the common chromosomal bins 7PS1-3, displayed higher thousand-grain weigh than Fukuho, suggesting that potential genes conferring high thousand-grain weigh might be located on these chromosomal bins. Therefore, wheat-A. cristatum 7P Translocation Lines with elite traits will be useful as novel germplasms for wheat genetic improvement.
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production and identification of wheat agropyron cristatum 2p Translocation Lines
PLOS ONE, 2016Co-Authors: Huanhuan Li, Jinpeng Zhang, Liqiang Song, Mingjie Lv, Lihui LiAbstract:Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. (2n = 28, PPPP), a wild relative of common wheat, possesses many potentially valuable traits that can be transferred to common wheat through breeding programs. The wheat-A. cristatum disomic addition and Translocation Lines can be used as bridge materials to introduce alien chromosomal segments to wheat. Wheat-A. cristatum 2P disomic addition line II-9-3 was highly resistant to powdery mildew and leaf rust, which was reported in our previous study. However, some Translocation Lines induced from II-9-3 have not been reported. In this study, some Translocation Lines were induced from II-9-3 by 60Co-γ irradiation and gametocidal chromosome 2C and then identified by cytological methods. Forty-nine wheat-A. cristatum Translocation Lines were obtained and various translcoation types were identified by GISH (genomic in situ hybridization), such as whole-arm, segmental and intercalary Translocations. Dual-color FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization) was applied to identify the wheat chromosomes involved in the Translocations, and the results showed that A. cristatum 2P chromosome segments were translocated to the different wheat chromosomes, including 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, 3B, 5B, 7B, 1D, 4D and 6D. Many different types of wheat-A. cristatum alien Translocation Lines would be valuable for not only identifying and cloning A. cristatum 2P-related genes and understanding the genetics and breeding effects of the Translocation between A. cristatum chromosome 2P and wheat chromosomes, but also providing new germplasm resources for the wheat genetic improvement.
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the effects of chromosome 6p on fertile tiller number of wheat as revealed in wheat agropyron cristatum chromosome 5a 6p Translocation Lines
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2015Co-Authors: Xueling Ye, Xiuquan Li, Jinpeng Zhang, Xinming Yang, Guoyue Chen, Yuqing Lu, Lihui LiAbstract:Key message This study explored the genetic constitutions of several wheat-A. cristatum Translocation Lines and determined the effects of A. cristatum6P chromosome segments on fertile tiller number in wheat.
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efficient induction of wheat agropyron cristatum 6p Translocation Lines and gish detection
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Liqiang Song, Xinming Yang, Lili Jiang, Lihui LiAbstract:The narrow genetic background restricts wheat yield and quality improvement. The wild relatives of wheat are the huge gene pools for wheat improvement and can broaden its genetic basis. Production of wheat-alien Translocation Lines can transfer alien genes to wheat. So it is important to develop an efficient method to induce wheat-alien chromosome Translocation. Agropyroncristatum (P genome) carries many potential genes beneficial to disease resistance, stress tolerance and high yield. Chromosome 6P possesses the desirable genes exhibiting good agronomic traits, such as high grain number per spike, powdery mildew resistance and stress tolerance. In this study, the wheat-A. cristatum disomic addition was used as bridge material to produce wheat-A. cristatum Translocation Lines induced by 60Co-γirradiation. The results of genomic in situ hybridization showed that 216 plants contained alien chromosome Translocation among 571 self-pollinated progenies. The frequency of Translocation was 37.83%, much higher than previous reports. Moreover, various alien Translocation types were identified. The analysis of M2 showed that 62.5% of intergeneric Translocation Lines grew normally without losing the translocated chromosomes. The paper reported a high efficient technical method for inducing alien Translocation between wheat and Agropyroncristatum. Additionally, these Translocation Lines will be valuable for not only basic research on genetic balance, interaction and expression of different chromosome segments of wheat and alien species, but also wheat breeding programs to utilize superior agronomic traits and good compensation effect from alien chromosomes.
Peidu Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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molecular cytogenetic characterization of alien introgressions with gene fhb3 for resistance to fusarium head blight disease of wheat
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2008Co-Authors: Michael O Pumphrey, Bernd Friebe, Peidu Chen, B. S. GillAbstract:Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance was identified in the alien species Leymus racemosus, and wheat-Leymus introgression Lines with FHB resistance were reported previously. Detailed molecular cytogenetic analysis of alien introgressions T01, T09, and T14 and the mapping of Fhb3, a new gene for FHB resistance, are reported here. The introgression line T09 had an unknown wheat-Leymus Translocation chromosome. A total of 36 RFLP markers selected from the seven homoeologous groups of wheat were used to characterize T09 and determine the homoeologous relationship of the introgressed Leymus chromosome with wheat. Only short arm markers for group 7 detected Leymus-specific fragments in T09, whereas 7AS-specific RFLP fragments were missing. C-banding and genomic in situ hybridization results indicated that T09 has a compensating Robertsonian Translocation T7AL·7Lr#1S involving the long arm of wheat chromosome 7A and the short arm of Leymus chromosome 7Lr#1 substituting for chromosome arm 7AS of wheat. Introgression Lines T01 (2n = 44) and T14 (2n = 44) each had two pairs of independent Translocation chromosomes. T01 had T4BS·4BL-7Lr#1S + T4BL-7Lr#1S·5Lr#1S. T14 had T6BS·6BL-7Lr#1S + T6BL·5Lr#1S. These Translocations were recovered in the progeny of the irradiated line Lr#1 (T5Lr#1S·7Lr#1S). The three Translocation Lines, T01, T09, and T14, and the disomic addition 7Lr#1 were consistently resistant to FHB in greenhouse point-inoculation experiments, whereas the disomic addition 5Lr#1 was susceptible. The data indicated that at least one novel FHB resistance gene from Leymus, designated Fhb3, resides in the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 7Lr#1, because the resistant Translocation Lines share a common distal segment of 7Lr#1S. Three PCR-based markers, BE586744-STS, BE404728-STS, and BE586111-STS, specific for 7Lr#1S were developed to expedite marker-assisted selection in breeding programs.
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development and characterization of wheat leymus racemosus Translocation Lines with resistance to fusarium head blight
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2005Co-Authors: Peidu Chen, Wenxuan Liu, Jianhua Yuan, Xiue Wang, Bo Zhou, Suling Wang, Shouzhong Zhang, Yigao Feng, Baojun Yang, Guangxin LiuAbstract:Wheat scab (Fusarium Head Blight, FHB) is a destructive disease in the warm and humid wheat-growing areas of the world. Finding diverse sources of FHB resistance is critical for genetic diversity of resistance for wheat breeding programs. Leymus racemosus is a wild perennial relative of wheat and is highly resistant to FHB. Three wheat- L. racemosus disomic addition (DA) Lines DA5Lr#1, DA7Lr#1 and DALr.7 resistant to FHB were used to develop wheat- L.racemosus Translocation Lines through irradiation and gametocidal gene-induced chromosome breakage. A total of nine wheat-alien Translocation Lines with wheat scab resistance were identified by chromosome C-banding, GISH, telosomic pairing and RFLP analyses. In line NAU614, the long arm of 5Lr#1 was translocated to wheat chromosome 6B. Four Lines, NAU601, NAU615, NAU617, and NAU635, had a part of the short arm of 7Lr#1 transferred to different wheat chromosomes. Four other Lines, NAU611, NAU634, NAU633, and NAU618, contained Translocations involving Leymus chromosome Lr.7 and different wheat chromosomes. The resistance level of the Translocation Lines with a single alien chromosome segment was higher than the susceptible wheat parent Chinese Spring but lower than the alien resistant parent L. racemosus. At least three resistance genes in L. racemosus were identified. One was located on chromosome Lr.7, and two could be assigned to the long arm of 5Lr#1 and the short arm of 7Lr#1.
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development of triticum aestivum leymus racemosus Translocation Lines using gametocidal chromosomes
Science China-life Sciences, 2003Co-Authors: Jianhua Yuan, Peidu Chen, D J LiuAbstract:Specific chromosomes of certain Aegilops species introduced into wheat genome background may often facilitate chromosome breakage and refusion, and finally result in a variety of chromosome restructuring. Such a phenomenon is commonly called gametocidal effect of the chromosomes. The chromosome 2C of Ae. cylindrica is one of such chromosomes. In the present study, scab resistant wheat- L. racemosus addition Lines involving chromosomes Lr.2 and Lr.7 were crossed to wheat- Ae. cylindrica disomic addition line Add2C. Then F 1 hybrids were subsequently backcrossed with wheat cv “Chinese Spring”. BC 1 plants with chromosome structural aberration were identified by C-banding. In the self-pollinated progenies of these plants, three Translocation Lines were developed and characterized by mitotic and meiotic analysis combined with C-banding and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using biotin-labeled genomic DNA of L. racemosus as probe. Some other putative Translocation Lines to be further characterized were also found. The practicability and efficiency of the Translocation between wheat and alien chromosomes induced by gametocidal chromosomes, as well as the potential use of the developed alien Translocation Lines were also discussed.
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studies of the development of triticum aestivum leymus racemosus Translocation Lines by pollen irradiation
Acta Genetica Sinica, 2000Co-Authors: Wenxuan Liu, Peidu Chen, D J LiuAbstract:Pollens of 94G15 and 94G45, two wheat Lines added to chromosome Lr.14 and Lr.2 of Leymus racemosus respectively were irradiated via 60Co-gamma rays and then used to hybridize with two common wheat varieties--Yangmai 5 and Mianyang 11. The five plants showing chromosome pairing between T. aestivum and L. racemosus at PMC MI stage were selected from seventeen examined plants of M1 progeny as the result of meiosis configuration analysis of chromosomes treated with Giemsa C-banding and fluorescent in situ hybridization. Among which, two T. aestivum-L. racemosus alien Translocation Lines--LW8(3)1 and LW11(3)1 were developed on the basis of further identification of M2 RTC chromosomes by C-banding and in situ hybridization. In addition, feasibility and effectiveness of the pollen irradiation in the development of T. aestivum-relatives alien Translocations and the availability of the Translocation Lines of T. aestivum-L. racemosus are also discussed.
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development and molecular cytogenetic analysis of wheat haynaldia villosa 6vs 6al Translocation Lines specifying resistance to powdery mildew
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 1995Co-Authors: Peidu Chen, Bo Zhou, Shouzhong Zhang, D J LiuAbstract:Several Triticum aestivum L.-Haynaldia villosa disomic 6VS/6AL Translocation Lines with powdery mildew resistance were developed from the hybridization between common wheat cultivar Yangmai 5 and alien substitution line 6V(6A). Mitotic and meiotic C-banding analysis, aneuploid analysis with double ditelosomic stocks, in situ hybridization, as well as the phenotypic assessment of powdery mildew resistance, were used to characterize these Lines. The same translocated chromosome, with breakpoints near the centromere, appears to be present in all the Lines, despite variation among the Lines in their morphology and agronomic characteristics. The resistance gene, conferred by H. villosa and designated as Pm21, is a new and promising source of powdery mildew resistance in wheat breeding.
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a set of triticum aestivum aegilops speltoides robertsonian Translocation Lines
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2016Co-Authors: Wenxuan Liu, Bernd Friebe, Dalhoe Koo, B. S. GillAbstract:Here we report the production of a set of wheat - Aegilops speltoides Robertsonian Translocations covering all Ae. speltoides chromosome arms except the long arm of the homoeologous group 4 chromosome. Aegilops speltoides of the Poaceae family is the most probable donor of the B and G genomes of polyploid Triticum species and also an important source of resistance to diseases and pests of wheat. Previously, we reported the production of a complete set of T aestivum-Ae. speltoides chromosome addition Lines and a set of disomic S(B/A)-genome chromosome substitution Lines. The isolation of compensating Robertsonian Translocations (RobTs) composed of alien chromosome arms translocated to homoeologous wheat chromosome arms is the important next step to exploit the genetic variation of a wild relative of wheat. Here, we report the development of molecular markers specific for the S-genome chromosomes and their use in the isolation of a set of 13 compensating wheat-Ae. speltoides RobTs covering the S genome of Ae. speltoides except for the long arm of chromosome 4S. Most of the RobTs were fully fertile and will facilitate mapping of genes to specific chromosome arms and also will accelerate the introgression of agronomically useful traits from Ae. speltoides into wheat by homologous recombination.
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development of a set of compensating triticum aestivum dasypyrum villosum robertsonian Translocation Lines
Genome, 2011Co-Authors: Cheng Liu, Bernd Friebe, Wenxuan Liu, Wanchun Zhao, Jamie Wilson, B. S. GillAbstract:Dasypyrum villosum (L.) Candargy, a wild relative of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), is the source of many agronomically important genes for wheat improvement. Production of compensating Robertsonian Translocations (cRobTs), consisting of D. villosum chromosome arms translocated to homoeologous wheat chromosome arms, is one of the initial steps in exploiting this variation. The cRobTs for D. villosum chromosomes 1V, 4V, and 6V have been reported previously. Here we report attempted cRobTs for wheat - D. villosum chromosome combinations 2D/2V, 3D/3V, 5D/5V, and 7D/7V. The cRobTs for all D. villosum chromosomes were recovered except for the 2VS and 5VL arms. As was the case with the 6D/6V combination, no cRobTs involving 2D/2V chromosomes were recovered; instead, cRobT T2BS·2VL involving a non- targeted chromosome was recovered. All cRobTs are fertile, although the level of spike fertility and hundred kernel weight (HKW) varied among the Lines. The set of cRobTs involving 12 of the 14 D. villosum chromosomes will be useful in wheat improvement programs. In fact, among the already reported cRobTs, T6AL·6VS carrying the Pm21 gene is deployed in agri- culture and many useful genes have been reported on other cRobTs including resistance to stem rust race UG99 on T6AS·6VL.
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development and characterization of wheat leymus racemosus Translocation Lines with resistance to fusarium head blight
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2005Co-Authors: Peidu Chen, Wenxuan Liu, Jianhua Yuan, Xiue Wang, Bo Zhou, Suling Wang, Shouzhong Zhang, Yigao Feng, Baojun Yang, Guangxin LiuAbstract:Wheat scab (Fusarium Head Blight, FHB) is a destructive disease in the warm and humid wheat-growing areas of the world. Finding diverse sources of FHB resistance is critical for genetic diversity of resistance for wheat breeding programs. Leymus racemosus is a wild perennial relative of wheat and is highly resistant to FHB. Three wheat- L. racemosus disomic addition (DA) Lines DA5Lr#1, DA7Lr#1 and DALr.7 resistant to FHB were used to develop wheat- L.racemosus Translocation Lines through irradiation and gametocidal gene-induced chromosome breakage. A total of nine wheat-alien Translocation Lines with wheat scab resistance were identified by chromosome C-banding, GISH, telosomic pairing and RFLP analyses. In line NAU614, the long arm of 5Lr#1 was translocated to wheat chromosome 6B. Four Lines, NAU601, NAU615, NAU617, and NAU635, had a part of the short arm of 7Lr#1 transferred to different wheat chromosomes. Four other Lines, NAU611, NAU634, NAU633, and NAU618, contained Translocations involving Leymus chromosome Lr.7 and different wheat chromosomes. The resistance level of the Translocation Lines with a single alien chromosome segment was higher than the susceptible wheat parent Chinese Spring but lower than the alien resistant parent L. racemosus. At least three resistance genes in L. racemosus were identified. One was located on chromosome Lr.7, and two could be assigned to the long arm of 5Lr#1 and the short arm of 7Lr#1.
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studies of the development of triticum aestivum leymus racemosus Translocation Lines by pollen irradiation
Acta Genetica Sinica, 2000Co-Authors: Wenxuan Liu, Peidu Chen, D J LiuAbstract:Pollens of 94G15 and 94G45, two wheat Lines added to chromosome Lr.14 and Lr.2 of Leymus racemosus respectively were irradiated via 60Co-gamma rays and then used to hybridize with two common wheat varieties--Yangmai 5 and Mianyang 11. The five plants showing chromosome pairing between T. aestivum and L. racemosus at PMC MI stage were selected from seventeen examined plants of M1 progeny as the result of meiosis configuration analysis of chromosomes treated with Giemsa C-banding and fluorescent in situ hybridization. Among which, two T. aestivum-L. racemosus alien Translocation Lines--LW8(3)1 and LW11(3)1 were developed on the basis of further identification of M2 RTC chromosomes by C-banding and in situ hybridization. In addition, feasibility and effectiveness of the pollen irradiation in the development of T. aestivum-relatives alien Translocations and the availability of the Translocation Lines of T. aestivum-L. racemosus are also discussed.
