The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sinin Hamdan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of PVA-co-MMA Copolymer on the Physical, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Tropical Wood Materials
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2014Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Mahbub Hasan, Azman Hassan, Mansor Bin Ahmad, M. K. Mohamad Haafiz, M. JawaidAbstract:The present study demonstrates the effect of copolymer on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of Tropical Wood and Wood polymer composites (WPCs). Mixed monomers of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were effectively impregnated into the cellular structure of several types of Tropical Wood, which then underwent a catalyst-thermal process to polymerize and form WPC. The manufacturing of WPC was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. The SEM observation showed that polymer converted from monomers filled up Wood cell cavities and tightly interacted with Wood matrix. The X-ray diffraction results reveal that the degree of crystallinity was significantly improved upon impregnation with PVA-co-MMA copolymer. The modulus of elasticity (MOE) and compressive modulus were found to be significantly higher after treatment with MMA/PVA indicating improvement of mechanical properties of the Wood samples. In addition, the modified WPC had lower water absorption compared to their corresponding raw samples. It is interesting to note that thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis shows an extensive improvement in thermal properties of WPC.
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thermal and decay resistance properties of Tropical Wood plastic composites
Journal of Composite Materials, 2013Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Habibur Rahman Sobuz, Rezaur Rahman, Abu Saleh AhmedAbstract:This investigation concerns about the thermal and decay resistance properties of Tropical Wood polymer composites. Wood polymer composites were prepared from several types of Tropical Wood species by impregnating the Woods with ethyl methacrylate that was combined with a cross-linker, hexamethylene diisocyanate. Thermal properties of Wood polymer composites in terms of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were evaluated, and an improvement in thermal stability was found on ethyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate–hexamethylene diisocyanate treatment. A significant improvement in decay resistance was also identified in Wood polymer composites that were treated with ethyl methacrylate, and also, with ethyl methacrylate–hexamethylene diisocyanate. The improvement in properties was observed as more potential with ethyl methacrylate–hexamethylene diisocyanate combination rather than ethyl methacrylate.
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Thermal Stability and Decay Resistance Properties of Tropical Wood Polymer Nanocomposites (WPNC)
Advanced Materials Research, 2013Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Mohamad Rusop, Rezaur RahmanAbstract:The effects of nanoclay on the thermal stability and decay resistance properties of Tropical Wood polymer nanocomposites (WPNCs) were investigated in this work. WPNC were prepared from several selected Tropical Wood species by impregnating the selected Woods with a combination of nanoclay and phenol formaldehyde (PF) prepolymer mixture. The formation of WPNC was confirmed by the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Thermal property of manufactured WPNC in terms of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was evaluated, and an improvement in thermal stability was found for fabricated WPNC. The Wood was then exposed to two types of fungi; white-rot (polyporous versicolor) and brown-rot (postia placenta), for 12 weeks. Decay was assessed through percentage (%) of weight loss. A significant improvement was found in the treated Woods compared to the untreated ones. In addition, the fabricated WPNC showed lower moisture content compared with raw one.
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Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Tropical Wood Polymer Nanocomposite (WPNC)
Advanced Materials Research, 2013Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Mohamad Rusop, Rezaur RahmanAbstract:A novel route to Wood modification by impregnation of nanoclay combined with phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin is developed in this study. Wood polymer nanocomposites (WPNCs) were prepared from several Tropical Wood species by impregnating the Woods with PF/nanoclay formulations. The vacuum-pressure method was used to impregnate the samples with PF/nanoclay prepolymer mixture. The formation of Wood polymer nanocomposites and the location of impregnated materials inside Wood were confirmed through SEM image and XRD pattern respectively. The PF/nanoclay loading achievable was found to be dependent on the properties of Wood species. Low loading was observed for the high density Wood species. Mechanical strength of fabricated WPNCs in terms of modulus of elasticity (MOE) was found to be significantly improved. Furthermore, morphological properties of raw Wood and WPNC samples were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and XRD analysis and a change in morphological properties was also observed for WPNC.
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The chemical modification of Tropical Wood polymer composites
Journal of Composite Materials, 2013Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Zainal Abidin Talib, Azman Hassan, Habibur Rahman SobuzAbstract:Wood polymer composites were manufactured from several types of Tropical Wood species by impregnating the Woods with acrylonitrile monomer solution. The physical and mechanical properties of Wood polymer composites were then investigated in this study. The vacuum-pressure method was employed to impregnate Wood samples with monomer and in situ polymerization. Acrylonitrile reacted and incorporated with Wood, which was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy test analysis. The mechanical properties of Wood samples in terms of modulus of elasticity and compressive modulus were found to be improved on acrylonitrile treatment. Besides, the fabricated Wood polymer composite samples had lower water absorption and higher surface hardness (Shore D) value as compared to their corresponding raw one. For Wood polymer composites, a significant improvement was found in physical and mechanical properties compared to the raw Woods.
Rezaur Rahman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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thermal and decay resistance properties of Tropical Wood plastic composites
Journal of Composite Materials, 2013Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Habibur Rahman Sobuz, Rezaur Rahman, Abu Saleh AhmedAbstract:This investigation concerns about the thermal and decay resistance properties of Tropical Wood polymer composites. Wood polymer composites were prepared from several types of Tropical Wood species by impregnating the Woods with ethyl methacrylate that was combined with a cross-linker, hexamethylene diisocyanate. Thermal properties of Wood polymer composites in terms of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were evaluated, and an improvement in thermal stability was found on ethyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate–hexamethylene diisocyanate treatment. A significant improvement in decay resistance was also identified in Wood polymer composites that were treated with ethyl methacrylate, and also, with ethyl methacrylate–hexamethylene diisocyanate. The improvement in properties was observed as more potential with ethyl methacrylate–hexamethylene diisocyanate combination rather than ethyl methacrylate.
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Thermal Stability and Decay Resistance Properties of Tropical Wood Polymer Nanocomposites (WPNC)
Advanced Materials Research, 2013Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Mohamad Rusop, Rezaur RahmanAbstract:The effects of nanoclay on the thermal stability and decay resistance properties of Tropical Wood polymer nanocomposites (WPNCs) were investigated in this work. WPNC were prepared from several selected Tropical Wood species by impregnating the selected Woods with a combination of nanoclay and phenol formaldehyde (PF) prepolymer mixture. The formation of WPNC was confirmed by the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Thermal property of manufactured WPNC in terms of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was evaluated, and an improvement in thermal stability was found for fabricated WPNC. The Wood was then exposed to two types of fungi; white-rot (polyporous versicolor) and brown-rot (postia placenta), for 12 weeks. Decay was assessed through percentage (%) of weight loss. A significant improvement was found in the treated Woods compared to the untreated ones. In addition, the fabricated WPNC showed lower moisture content compared with raw one.
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Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Tropical Wood Polymer Nanocomposite (WPNC)
Advanced Materials Research, 2013Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Mohamad Rusop, Rezaur RahmanAbstract:A novel route to Wood modification by impregnation of nanoclay combined with phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin is developed in this study. Wood polymer nanocomposites (WPNCs) were prepared from several Tropical Wood species by impregnating the Woods with PF/nanoclay formulations. The vacuum-pressure method was used to impregnate the samples with PF/nanoclay prepolymer mixture. The formation of Wood polymer nanocomposites and the location of impregnated materials inside Wood were confirmed through SEM image and XRD pattern respectively. The PF/nanoclay loading achievable was found to be dependent on the properties of Wood species. Low loading was observed for the high density Wood species. Mechanical strength of fabricated WPNCs in terms of modulus of elasticity (MOE) was found to be significantly improved. Furthermore, morphological properties of raw Wood and WPNC samples were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and XRD analysis and a change in morphological properties was also observed for WPNC.
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Tropical Wood polymer nanocomposite (WPNC): The impact of nanoclay on dynamic mechanical thermal properties
Composites Science and Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Abu Saleh Ahmed, Zainal Abidin Talib, Rezaur RahmanAbstract:Abstract In this study, Wood polymer nanocomposites (WPNCS) were manufactured from five Malaysian Tropical Wood species by vacuum-impregnation attended by in situ polymerization using phenol–formaldehyde resin and montmorillomite nanoclay. Percentage weight gain and density of Wood polymer nanocomposites depended on Wood species. Thermo-mechanical properties of Wood samples were investigated by the dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) over the temperature range of −100 °C to 200 °C. The intrinsic properties of the components, morphology of the system and the nature of interface between the phases were also determined through DMTA test. Storage modulus ( E ′) of WPNC samples exhibited significant improvement over the temperature range, in both glassy region and rubbery plateau in relation to their corresponding raw Wood samples and Wood polymer composites (WPCs). Furthermore, damping (loss tan δ ) peaks of all Wood species were lowered by PF-Nanoclay system treatment, an indication of improved surface interphase of Wood. Dynamic Young’s modulus ( E d ) of Wood was also calculated using free–free vibration testing. A significant increment was obtained for the PF-Nanoclay impregnated WPNC samples.
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Study on thermal and biodegradation resistance of Tropical Wood material composites
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2012Co-Authors: Sinin Hamdan, Saiful Islam, Rezaur Rahman, Abu Saleh Ahmed, Mohamad RusopAbstract:Thermal stability and decay resistance properties of Tropical Wood polymer composites (WPCs) were investigated in this study. WPCs were prepared from several selected Tropical Wood species by impregnating the Woods with methyl methacrylate (MMA) which was combined with a crosslinker, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDIC). The impregnation of Wood with the monomer systems and polymerization were accomplished by vacuum-pressure method. Thermal properties of manufactured WPC in terms of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were evaluated, and an improvement in thermal stability was found for fabricated WPC. The Wood was then exposed to two types of fungi; white-rot (polyporous versicolor) and brown-rot (postia placenta), for 12 weeks. Decay was assessed through percentage (%) of weight loss. A significant improvement was found in the treated Woods compared to the untreated ones. The improvement in properties was observed as more potential with the MMA/HMDIC combination.
Saiful Islam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of PVA-co-MMA Copolymer on the Physical, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Tropical Wood Materials
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2014Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Mahbub Hasan, Azman Hassan, Mansor Bin Ahmad, M. K. Mohamad Haafiz, M. JawaidAbstract:The present study demonstrates the effect of copolymer on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of Tropical Wood and Wood polymer composites (WPCs). Mixed monomers of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were effectively impregnated into the cellular structure of several types of Tropical Wood, which then underwent a catalyst-thermal process to polymerize and form WPC. The manufacturing of WPC was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. The SEM observation showed that polymer converted from monomers filled up Wood cell cavities and tightly interacted with Wood matrix. The X-ray diffraction results reveal that the degree of crystallinity was significantly improved upon impregnation with PVA-co-MMA copolymer. The modulus of elasticity (MOE) and compressive modulus were found to be significantly higher after treatment with MMA/PVA indicating improvement of mechanical properties of the Wood samples. In addition, the modified WPC had lower water absorption compared to their corresponding raw samples. It is interesting to note that thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis shows an extensive improvement in thermal properties of WPC.
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thermal and decay resistance properties of Tropical Wood plastic composites
Journal of Composite Materials, 2013Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Habibur Rahman Sobuz, Rezaur Rahman, Abu Saleh AhmedAbstract:This investigation concerns about the thermal and decay resistance properties of Tropical Wood polymer composites. Wood polymer composites were prepared from several types of Tropical Wood species by impregnating the Woods with ethyl methacrylate that was combined with a cross-linker, hexamethylene diisocyanate. Thermal properties of Wood polymer composites in terms of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were evaluated, and an improvement in thermal stability was found on ethyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate–hexamethylene diisocyanate treatment. A significant improvement in decay resistance was also identified in Wood polymer composites that were treated with ethyl methacrylate, and also, with ethyl methacrylate–hexamethylene diisocyanate. The improvement in properties was observed as more potential with ethyl methacrylate–hexamethylene diisocyanate combination rather than ethyl methacrylate.
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Thermal Stability and Decay Resistance Properties of Tropical Wood Polymer Nanocomposites (WPNC)
Advanced Materials Research, 2013Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Mohamad Rusop, Rezaur RahmanAbstract:The effects of nanoclay on the thermal stability and decay resistance properties of Tropical Wood polymer nanocomposites (WPNCs) were investigated in this work. WPNC were prepared from several selected Tropical Wood species by impregnating the selected Woods with a combination of nanoclay and phenol formaldehyde (PF) prepolymer mixture. The formation of WPNC was confirmed by the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Thermal property of manufactured WPNC in terms of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was evaluated, and an improvement in thermal stability was found for fabricated WPNC. The Wood was then exposed to two types of fungi; white-rot (polyporous versicolor) and brown-rot (postia placenta), for 12 weeks. Decay was assessed through percentage (%) of weight loss. A significant improvement was found in the treated Woods compared to the untreated ones. In addition, the fabricated WPNC showed lower moisture content compared with raw one.
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Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Tropical Wood Polymer Nanocomposite (WPNC)
Advanced Materials Research, 2013Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Mohamad Rusop, Rezaur RahmanAbstract:A novel route to Wood modification by impregnation of nanoclay combined with phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin is developed in this study. Wood polymer nanocomposites (WPNCs) were prepared from several Tropical Wood species by impregnating the Woods with PF/nanoclay formulations. The vacuum-pressure method was used to impregnate the samples with PF/nanoclay prepolymer mixture. The formation of Wood polymer nanocomposites and the location of impregnated materials inside Wood were confirmed through SEM image and XRD pattern respectively. The PF/nanoclay loading achievable was found to be dependent on the properties of Wood species. Low loading was observed for the high density Wood species. Mechanical strength of fabricated WPNCs in terms of modulus of elasticity (MOE) was found to be significantly improved. Furthermore, morphological properties of raw Wood and WPNC samples were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and XRD analysis and a change in morphological properties was also observed for WPNC.
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The chemical modification of Tropical Wood polymer composites
Journal of Composite Materials, 2013Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Zainal Abidin Talib, Azman Hassan, Habibur Rahman SobuzAbstract:Wood polymer composites were manufactured from several types of Tropical Wood species by impregnating the Woods with acrylonitrile monomer solution. The physical and mechanical properties of Wood polymer composites were then investigated in this study. The vacuum-pressure method was employed to impregnate Wood samples with monomer and in situ polymerization. Acrylonitrile reacted and incorporated with Wood, which was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy test analysis. The mechanical properties of Wood samples in terms of modulus of elasticity and compressive modulus were found to be improved on acrylonitrile treatment. Besides, the fabricated Wood polymer composite samples had lower water absorption and higher surface hardness (Shore D) value as compared to their corresponding raw one. For Wood polymer composites, a significant improvement was found in physical and mechanical properties compared to the raw Woods.
Rubiyah Yusof - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Online System for Automatic Tropical Wood Recognition
ELEKTRIKA- Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Nenny Ruthfalydia Rosli, Rubiyah Yusof, Anis Salwa Mohd Khairuddin, Uswah Khairuddin, Hafizza Abdul Ghapar, Nor Azlin AhmadAbstract:There are more than 3000 Wood species in Tropical rainforests, each with their own unique Wood anatomy that can be observed using naked eyes aided with a hand glass magnifier for species identification process. However, the number of certified personnel that have this acquired skills are limited due to lenghty training time. To overcome this problem, Center for Artificial Intelligence & Robotics (CAIRO) has developed an automatic Wood recognition system known as KenalKayu that can recognize Tropical Wood species in less than a second, eliminating laborious manual human inspection which is exposed to human error and biasedness. KenalKayu integrates image acquisition, feature extraction, classifier and machine vision hardware such as camera, interfaces, PC and lighting. Grey level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) is used for feature extraction. The features are trained in a back-propagation neural network (BPNN) for classification. This paper focusses more on the database development and the online testing of the Wood recognition system. The accuracy of the online system is tested on different image quality such as image taken in low light condition, medium light condition or high light condition.
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Transfer Learning Approach in Automatic Tropical Wood Recognition System
Computational and Experimental Simulations in Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Rubiyah Yusof, Anis Salwa Mohd Khairuddin, Azlin Ahmad, Uswah Khairuddin, Nik Mohamad Aizuddin Nik Azmi, Nenny Ruthfalydia RosliAbstract:Automatic recognition of Tropical Wood species is a very challenging task due to the lack of discriminative features among intra Wood species and very discriminative features among inter class species. While many conventional pattern recognition algorithms have been implemented and proven to solve Wood image classification with 100% accuracy, when using deep learning however, the classification accuracy drops tremendously to only 36.3% due to small number of training samples. Deep learning requires large number of samples in order to work well, unfortunately, Wood samples provided by the national forest institute are limited. In this paper, we explore the use of transfer learning in deep neural network for the classification of Tropical Wood species based on image analysis. Several model of deep learning techniques are tested and results have shown that the classification performance after transfer learning was added reaches 100% accuracy.
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TENCON - A Study of Feature Extraction and Classifier Methods for Tropical Wood Recognition System
TENCON 2018 - 2018 IEEE Region 10 Conference, 2018Co-Authors: Rubiyah Yusof, Azlin Ahmad, Uswah Khairuddin, Nik Mohamad Aizuddin Nik Azmi, Nenny Ruthfalydia Rosli, Hafizza Abdul Ghafar, Anis Salwa Mohd KhairuddinAbstract:Tropical Wood recognition is a very challenging task due to the lack of discriminative features among some species of the Wood, and also some very discriminative features among inter class species. Moreover, noises due to illuminations, or the uncontrolled environment as well as the Wood features such as the size of pores, the density of pores, etc., which depend very much on the age, weather and other factors, contributing to the irregularities of the features. In this paper, we explore the use of feature extraction techniques, classification techniques for better accuracy of the system. In particular, we explore the use of one of the deep learning method residual network based CNN (Res-Net), noting the capability of the network to learn the features of images and its ability of generalization. Results have shown that good feature extraction methods can give a much better accuracy for all the datasets tested, and Res-Net performed badly due to lack of data, which cause the problem of overfitting.
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IECON - Identifying the dominant species of Tropical Wood species using histogram intersection method
IECON 2015 - 41st Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2016Co-Authors: Azlin Ahmad, Rubiyah Yusof, Yasue MitsukuraAbstract:This research is addresses to determine the dominant species that located in the overlapped clusters produced by the Kohonen Self-Organizing Map (KSOM). Before, KSOM algorithm able to cluster the Tropical Wood species data set effectively and accurately according to the Wood features, which is Wood pores sizes. Unfortunately, there are seven overlapped clusters in the clustering result and this is due to similarity features among the Wood species. This problem has caused difficulty in determining the separation boundary amongst clusters, where the most dominant species for every overlapped cluster is difficult to identify. As for a solution, the Histogram Intersection (HI) method is proposed in this research to solve this problem. From the experiments, the HI has proved that it can determine the dominant species of the overlapped clusters effectively resulting in an improvement of 1.12% of the classification accuracy, compared with the clustering result without HI technique. It has shown the implementation of this method has successfully solved the problem occurred.
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ASCC - Incorporation of pre-classifier and nonlinear feature selection for Tropical Wood species recognition system
2015 10th Asian Control Conference (ASCC), 2015Co-Authors: Imanurfatiehah Ibrahim, Anis Salwa Mohd Khairuddin, Rubiyah YusofAbstract:Automatic classification of Tropical Wood species is becoming more important especially for timber exporting countries due to the considerable economic challenge as a result of fraudulent labelling of timber species at the custom checkpoints. Hence, a reliable automated Wood species recognition system is needed to inspect the Wood species labelling at the checkpoints. A Tropical Wood species classification system is designed based on image analysis. There are thousands of images being processed in the Wood database. In this paper, the incorporation of the nonlinear feature selection with fuzzy-based pre-classifier is proposed in order to simultaneously solve the nonlinear problems and solve problems due to large Wood database which will then improve the performance of the Wood species recognition system. Besides that, the proposed pre-classifier which emulates the experts' way of inspection enables human intervention when monitoring the Wood species stored in the Wood database. The research involves comparative analysis of the system for different configurations of fuzzy-based pre-classifier. The results show that the proposed configuration of fuzzy pre-classifier and nonlinear feature selection gives better result compared to other configurations in terms of classification accuracy when more Wood database is added into the system.
Zainal Abidin Talib - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The chemical modification of Tropical Wood polymer composites
Journal of Composite Materials, 2013Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Zainal Abidin Talib, Azman Hassan, Habibur Rahman SobuzAbstract:Wood polymer composites were manufactured from several types of Tropical Wood species by impregnating the Woods with acrylonitrile monomer solution. The physical and mechanical properties of Wood polymer composites were then investigated in this study. The vacuum-pressure method was employed to impregnate Wood samples with monomer and in situ polymerization. Acrylonitrile reacted and incorporated with Wood, which was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy test analysis. The mechanical properties of Wood samples in terms of modulus of elasticity and compressive modulus were found to be improved on acrylonitrile treatment. Besides, the fabricated Wood polymer composite samples had lower water absorption and higher surface hardness (Shore D) value as compared to their corresponding raw one. For Wood polymer composites, a significant improvement was found in physical and mechanical properties compared to the raw Woods.
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Tropical Wood polymer nanocomposite (WPNC): The impact of nanoclay on dynamic mechanical thermal properties
Composites Science and Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Saiful Islam, Sinin Hamdan, Abu Saleh Ahmed, Zainal Abidin Talib, Rezaur RahmanAbstract:Abstract In this study, Wood polymer nanocomposites (WPNCS) were manufactured from five Malaysian Tropical Wood species by vacuum-impregnation attended by in situ polymerization using phenol–formaldehyde resin and montmorillomite nanoclay. Percentage weight gain and density of Wood polymer nanocomposites depended on Wood species. Thermo-mechanical properties of Wood samples were investigated by the dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) over the temperature range of −100 °C to 200 °C. The intrinsic properties of the components, morphology of the system and the nature of interface between the phases were also determined through DMTA test. Storage modulus ( E ′) of WPNC samples exhibited significant improvement over the temperature range, in both glassy region and rubbery plateau in relation to their corresponding raw Wood samples and Wood polymer composites (WPCs). Furthermore, damping (loss tan δ ) peaks of all Wood species were lowered by PF-Nanoclay system treatment, an indication of improved surface interphase of Wood. Dynamic Young’s modulus ( E d ) of Wood was also calculated using free–free vibration testing. A significant increment was obtained for the PF-Nanoclay impregnated WPNC samples.
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Structural analysis and dynamic Young's modulus measurement of selected Tropical Wood polymer composites
Materials Science and Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Rezaur Rahman, Sinin Hamdan, Mahbub Hasan, Zainal Abidin TalibAbstract:Various Tropical Wood species are abundantly available in Southeast Asia, especially in Borneo Island. In this study, selected Tropical Wood species, Eugenia spp., Artocarpus rigidus, Artocarpus elasticus, Koompassia malaccensis and Xylopia spp., were chemically treated with sodium meta periodate to convert them into Wood polymer composites (WPCs). Manufactured WPCs were characterised using microstructural analysis (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and SEM) and dynamic Young's modulus measurement. The dynamic Young's modulus was calculated using vibrational testing E d and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis E′. Spectroscopic analysis results indicated the absorption band of raw Wood at 1635 cm–1 due to carbonyl stretching and WPCs showed increased absorption band near 1718 cm–1. The manufactured WPCs yielded higher Young's modulus compared with raw Woods. A. elasticus WPC had the highest Young's modulus compared with the other composites.
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dynamic young s modulus measurement of treated and post treated Tropical Wood polymer composites wpc
Bioresources, 2010Co-Authors: Sinin Hamdan, Abu Saleh Ahmed, Zainal Abidin Talib, Md Rezaur Rahman, Md Saiful IslamAbstract:By means of dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), selected Tropical Wood species, namely Eugenia spp., Artocarpus rigidus, Artocarpus elesticus, Koompassia malaccensis, and Xylopia spp. have been characterized. The Woods were treated with sodium metaperiodate to convert them into Wood polymer composites (WPC). After two weeks the WPC were chemically treated with phenyl hydrazine to convert them into secondary Wood polymer composites, also called post-treated WPC (PTWPC). The chemical treatment and post-treatment are successful in improving the mechanical properties of the final product. The storage modulus (E’) was measured using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and the dynamic Young’s modulus (Ed) was calculated using free-free vibrational testing. The results reveal that the elastic properties i.e. stiffness (Ed) and storage modulus (E’) of the composite were dependent on the type of Wood species. The E’ of WPC and PTWPC were much higher than raw Wood, whereas the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of WPC and PTWPC were much lower than those of raw Wood. Free-free vibration testing provided rapid information about the quality of the composite material, such as the stiffness (Ed) of the PTWPC compared to the respective WPC and raw Woods. The WPC and PTWPC were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR analysis indicated the absorption band of raw Wood at 1635 cm-1 due to carbonyl stretching, whereas WPC and PTWPC showed increased absorption bands near 1718 cm-1 and 1604 cm-1, respectively.
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Dynamic Young's modulus and glass transition temperature of selected Tropical Wood species
Materials Science and Technology, 2009Co-Authors: Sinin Hamdan, Ismail Jusoh, Mahbub Hasan, Yahya Sedik, Zainal Abidin TalibAbstract:AbstractDynamic Young's modulus (E d) of selected Tropical Wood species, namely Dyera polyphylla, Endospermum diadenum, Cratoxylum arborecens, Alstonia pneumatophora, Macaranga gigantea and Commersonia bartramia, used for the study was measured using the free–free flexural vibration method. Young's modulus from three point bending (E 3pb) and compression parallel to grain (E cp) was also studied. The results show that the relationship between E d and E 3pb for all Wood species is very significant with the mean value of E d consistently larger than or sometime equal to E 3pb. Surprisingly, the relationship between E d and E cp is not significant except for Alstonia pneumatophora. The dynamic mechanical thermal properties were also investigated using the dynamic mechanical thermal analyser (DMTA). The results showed that the storage modulus of the Wood species at –90°C is in the range of 1·48–4·09 GPa with a glass transition temperature ranging from 50 to 70°C.
