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Laigeng Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a xylem produced peptide ptrcle20 inhibits Vascular Cambium activity in populus
    Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2020
    Co-Authors: Dongliang Song, Rui Zhang, Cheng Huang, Laigeng Li
    Abstract:

    : In trees, lateral growth of the stem occurs through cell divisions in the Vascular Cambium. Vascular Cambium activity is regulated by endogenous developmental programmes and environmental cues. However, the underlying mechanisms that regulate Cambium activity are largely unknown. Genomic, biochemical and genetic approaches were used here to elucidate the role of PtrCLE20, a CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/embryo surrounding region (ESR)-related peptide gene, in the regulation of lateral growth in Populus. Fifty-two peptides encoded by CLE genes were identified in the genome of Populus trichocarpa. Among them PtrCLE20 transcripts were detected in developing xylem while the PtrCLE20 peptide was mainly localized in Vascular Cambium cells. PtrCLE20 acted in repressing Vascular Cambium activity indicated by that upregulation of PtrCLE20 resulted in fewer layers of Vascular Cambium cells with repressed expression of the genes related to cell dividing activity. PtrCLE20 peptide also showed a repression effect on the root growth of Populus and Arabidopsis, likely through inhibiting meristematic cell dividing activity. Together, the results suggest that PtrCLE20 peptide, produced from developing xylem cells, plays a role in regulating lateral growth by repression of Cambium activity in trees.

  • A xylem‐produced peptide PtrCLE20 inhibits Vascular Cambium activity in Populus
    Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2019
    Co-Authors: Dongliang Song, Rui Zhang, Cheng Huang, Laigeng Li
    Abstract:

    In trees, lateral growth of the stem occurs through cell divisions in the Vascular Cambium. Vascular Cambium activity is regulated by endogenous developmental programmes and environmental cues. However, the underlying mechanisms that regulate Cambium activity are largely unknown. Genomic, biochemical and genetic approaches were used here to elucidate the role of PtrCLE20, a CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/embryo surrounding region (ESR)-related peptide gene, in the regulation of lateral growth in Populus. Fifty-two peptides encoded by CLE genes were identified in the genome of Populus trichocarpa. Among them PtrCLE20 transcripts were detected in developing xylem while the PtrCLE20 peptide was mainly localized in Vascular Cambium cells. PtrCLE20 acted in repressing Vascular Cambium activity indicated by that upregulation of PtrCLE20 resulted in fewer layers of Vascular Cambium cells with repressed expression of the genes related to cell dividing activity. PtrCLE20 peptide also showed a repression effect on the root growth of Populus and Arabidopsis, likely through inhibiting meristematic cell dividing activity. Together, the results suggest that PtrCLE20 peptide, produced from developing xylem cells, plays a role in regulating lateral growth by repression of Cambium activity in trees.

  • A HD‐ZIP III gene, PtrHB4, is required for interfascicular Cambium development in Populus
    Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2017
    Co-Authors: Dongliang Song, Peng Xu, Laigeng Li
    Abstract:

    Summary Wood production is dependent on the activity of the Vascular Cambium, which develops from the fascicular and interfascicular cambia. However, little is known about the mechanisms controlling how the Vascular Cambium is developed in woody species. Here, we show that PtrHB4, belonging to the Populus HD-ZIP III family, plays a critical role in the process of Vascular Cambium development. PtrHB4 was specifically expressed in shoot tip and stem Vascular tissue at an early developmental stage. Repression of PtrHB4 caused defects in the development of the secondary Vascular system due to failures in interfascicular Cambium formation. By contrast, overexpression of PtrHB4 induced Cambium activity and xylem differentiation during secondary Vascular development. Transcriptional analysis of PtrHB4 repressed plants indicated that auxin response and cell proliferation were affected in the formation of the interfascicular Cambium. Taken together, these results suggest that PtrHB4 is required for interfascicular Cambium formation to develop the Vascular Cambium in woody species.

  • diverse roles of ptrduf579 proteins in populus and ptrduf579 1 function in Vascular Cambium proliferation during secondary growth
    Plant Molecular Biology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Dongliang Song, Laigeng Li
    Abstract:

    DUF579 (domain of unknown function 579) family proteins contain a DUF579 domain structure but vary greatly in their overall sequence similarity. Several DUF579 proteins have been found to play a role in cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis, while DUF579 family genes have not yet been systematically investigated in Populus. In this study, the Populus DUF579 family proteins were found to be localized in different cell types and subcellular locations. The diverse expression patterns of the proteins indicate that they may perform different functions in Populus. Among the DUF579 family members, PtrDUF579-1 is found to be specifically expressed in Vascular Cambium zone cells where it is localized in the Golgi apparatus. Suppression of PtrDUF579-1 expression reduced plant height and stem diameter size. Cambium cell division and xylem tissue growth was inhibited while secondary cell wall formation was unchanged in PtrDUF579-1 suppressed plants. Cell walls analysis showed that the composition of the pectin fraction of the Cambium cell wall was altered while other polysaccharides were not affected in PtrDUF579-1 suppressed plants. This observation suggest Cambium expressed PtrDUF579-1 may affect cell wall biosynthesis and be involved in Cambium cell proliferation in Populus. Overall, DUF579 family proteins play a diverse set of roles in Populus.

  • Diverse roles of PtrDUF579 proteins in Populus and PtrDUF579‑1 function in Vascular Cambium proliferation during secondary growth
    Plant Molecular Biology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Dongliang Song, Laigeng Li
    Abstract:

    DUF579 (domain of unknown function 579) family proteins contain a DUF579 domain structure but vary greatly in their overall sequence similarity. Several DUF579 proteins have been found to play a role in cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis, while DUF579 family genes have not yet been systematically investigated in Populus. In this study, the Populus DUF579 family proteins were found to be localized in different cell types and subcellular locations. The diverse expression patterns of the proteins indicate that they may perform different functions in Populus. Among the DUF579 family members, PtrDUF579-1 is found to be specifically expressed in Vascular Cambium zone cells where it is localized in the Golgi apparatus. Suppression of PtrDUF579-1 expression reduced plant height and stem diameter size. Cambium cell division and xylem tissue growth was inhibited while secondary cell wall formation was unchanged in PtrDUF579-1 suppressed plants. Cell walls analysis showed that the composition of the pectin fraction of the Cambium cell wall was altered while other polysaccharides were not affected in PtrDUF579-1 suppressed plants. This observation suggest Cambium expressed PtrDUF579-1 may affect cell wall biosynthesis and be involved in Cambium cell proliferation in Populus. Overall, DUF579 family proteins play a diverse set of roles in Populus.

Dongliang Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a xylem produced peptide ptrcle20 inhibits Vascular Cambium activity in populus
    Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2020
    Co-Authors: Dongliang Song, Rui Zhang, Cheng Huang, Laigeng Li
    Abstract:

    : In trees, lateral growth of the stem occurs through cell divisions in the Vascular Cambium. Vascular Cambium activity is regulated by endogenous developmental programmes and environmental cues. However, the underlying mechanisms that regulate Cambium activity are largely unknown. Genomic, biochemical and genetic approaches were used here to elucidate the role of PtrCLE20, a CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/embryo surrounding region (ESR)-related peptide gene, in the regulation of lateral growth in Populus. Fifty-two peptides encoded by CLE genes were identified in the genome of Populus trichocarpa. Among them PtrCLE20 transcripts were detected in developing xylem while the PtrCLE20 peptide was mainly localized in Vascular Cambium cells. PtrCLE20 acted in repressing Vascular Cambium activity indicated by that upregulation of PtrCLE20 resulted in fewer layers of Vascular Cambium cells with repressed expression of the genes related to cell dividing activity. PtrCLE20 peptide also showed a repression effect on the root growth of Populus and Arabidopsis, likely through inhibiting meristematic cell dividing activity. Together, the results suggest that PtrCLE20 peptide, produced from developing xylem cells, plays a role in regulating lateral growth by repression of Cambium activity in trees.

  • A xylem‐produced peptide PtrCLE20 inhibits Vascular Cambium activity in Populus
    Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2019
    Co-Authors: Dongliang Song, Rui Zhang, Cheng Huang, Laigeng Li
    Abstract:

    In trees, lateral growth of the stem occurs through cell divisions in the Vascular Cambium. Vascular Cambium activity is regulated by endogenous developmental programmes and environmental cues. However, the underlying mechanisms that regulate Cambium activity are largely unknown. Genomic, biochemical and genetic approaches were used here to elucidate the role of PtrCLE20, a CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/embryo surrounding region (ESR)-related peptide gene, in the regulation of lateral growth in Populus. Fifty-two peptides encoded by CLE genes were identified in the genome of Populus trichocarpa. Among them PtrCLE20 transcripts were detected in developing xylem while the PtrCLE20 peptide was mainly localized in Vascular Cambium cells. PtrCLE20 acted in repressing Vascular Cambium activity indicated by that upregulation of PtrCLE20 resulted in fewer layers of Vascular Cambium cells with repressed expression of the genes related to cell dividing activity. PtrCLE20 peptide also showed a repression effect on the root growth of Populus and Arabidopsis, likely through inhibiting meristematic cell dividing activity. Together, the results suggest that PtrCLE20 peptide, produced from developing xylem cells, plays a role in regulating lateral growth by repression of Cambium activity in trees.

  • A HD‐ZIP III gene, PtrHB4, is required for interfascicular Cambium development in Populus
    Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2017
    Co-Authors: Dongliang Song, Peng Xu, Laigeng Li
    Abstract:

    Summary Wood production is dependent on the activity of the Vascular Cambium, which develops from the fascicular and interfascicular cambia. However, little is known about the mechanisms controlling how the Vascular Cambium is developed in woody species. Here, we show that PtrHB4, belonging to the Populus HD-ZIP III family, plays a critical role in the process of Vascular Cambium development. PtrHB4 was specifically expressed in shoot tip and stem Vascular tissue at an early developmental stage. Repression of PtrHB4 caused defects in the development of the secondary Vascular system due to failures in interfascicular Cambium formation. By contrast, overexpression of PtrHB4 induced Cambium activity and xylem differentiation during secondary Vascular development. Transcriptional analysis of PtrHB4 repressed plants indicated that auxin response and cell proliferation were affected in the formation of the interfascicular Cambium. Taken together, these results suggest that PtrHB4 is required for interfascicular Cambium formation to develop the Vascular Cambium in woody species.

  • diverse roles of ptrduf579 proteins in populus and ptrduf579 1 function in Vascular Cambium proliferation during secondary growth
    Plant Molecular Biology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Dongliang Song, Laigeng Li
    Abstract:

    DUF579 (domain of unknown function 579) family proteins contain a DUF579 domain structure but vary greatly in their overall sequence similarity. Several DUF579 proteins have been found to play a role in cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis, while DUF579 family genes have not yet been systematically investigated in Populus. In this study, the Populus DUF579 family proteins were found to be localized in different cell types and subcellular locations. The diverse expression patterns of the proteins indicate that they may perform different functions in Populus. Among the DUF579 family members, PtrDUF579-1 is found to be specifically expressed in Vascular Cambium zone cells where it is localized in the Golgi apparatus. Suppression of PtrDUF579-1 expression reduced plant height and stem diameter size. Cambium cell division and xylem tissue growth was inhibited while secondary cell wall formation was unchanged in PtrDUF579-1 suppressed plants. Cell walls analysis showed that the composition of the pectin fraction of the Cambium cell wall was altered while other polysaccharides were not affected in PtrDUF579-1 suppressed plants. This observation suggest Cambium expressed PtrDUF579-1 may affect cell wall biosynthesis and be involved in Cambium cell proliferation in Populus. Overall, DUF579 family proteins play a diverse set of roles in Populus.

  • Diverse roles of PtrDUF579 proteins in Populus and PtrDUF579‑1 function in Vascular Cambium proliferation during secondary growth
    Plant Molecular Biology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Dongliang Song, Laigeng Li
    Abstract:

    DUF579 (domain of unknown function 579) family proteins contain a DUF579 domain structure but vary greatly in their overall sequence similarity. Several DUF579 proteins have been found to play a role in cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis, while DUF579 family genes have not yet been systematically investigated in Populus. In this study, the Populus DUF579 family proteins were found to be localized in different cell types and subcellular locations. The diverse expression patterns of the proteins indicate that they may perform different functions in Populus. Among the DUF579 family members, PtrDUF579-1 is found to be specifically expressed in Vascular Cambium zone cells where it is localized in the Golgi apparatus. Suppression of PtrDUF579-1 expression reduced plant height and stem diameter size. Cambium cell division and xylem tissue growth was inhibited while secondary cell wall formation was unchanged in PtrDUF579-1 suppressed plants. Cell walls analysis showed that the composition of the pectin fraction of the Cambium cell wall was altered while other polysaccharides were not affected in PtrDUF579-1 suppressed plants. This observation suggest Cambium expressed PtrDUF579-1 may affect cell wall biosynthesis and be involved in Cambium cell proliferation in Populus. Overall, DUF579 family proteins play a diverse set of roles in Populus.

Yrjo Helariutta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Vascular Cambium development
    The Arabidopsis Book, 2015
    Co-Authors: Kaisa Nieminen, Tiina Blomster, Yrjo Helariutta, Ari Pekka Mahonen
    Abstract:

    Secondary phloem and xylem tissues are produced through the activity of Vascular Cambium, the cylindrical secondary meristem which arises among the primary plant tissues. Most dicotyledonous species undergo secondary development, among them Arabidopsis. Despite its small size and herbaceous nature, Arabidopsis displays prominent secondary growth in several organs, including the root, hypocotyl and shoot. Together with the vast genetic resources and molecular research methods available for it, this has made Arabidopsis a versatile and accessible model organism for studying cambial development and wood formation. In this review, we discuss and compare the development and function of the Vascular Cambium in the Arabidopsis root, hypocotyl, and shoot. We describe the current understanding of the molecular regulation of Vascular Cambium and compare it to the function of primary meristems. We conclude with a look at the future prospects of Cambium research, including opportunities provided by phenotyping and modelling approaches, complemented by studies of natural variation and comparative genetic studies in perennial and woody plant species.

  • Genetic and hormonal regulation of cambial development
    Physiologia Plantarum, 2012
    Co-Authors: Robertas Ursache, Kaisa Nieminen, Yrjo Helariutta
    Abstract:

    The stems and roots of most dicot plants increase in diameter by radial growth, due to the activity of secondary meristems. Two types of meristems function in secondary plant body formation: the Vascular Cambium, which gives rise to secondary xylem and phloem, and the cork Cambium, which produces a bark layer that replaces the epidermis and protects the plant stem from mechanical damage and pathogens. Cambial development, the initiation and activity of the Vascular Cambium, leads to an accumulation of wood, the secondary xylem tissue. The thick, cellulose-rich cell walls of wood provide a source of cellulose and have the potential to be used as a raw material for sustainable and renewable energy production. In this review, we will discuss what is known about the mechanisms regulating the Cambium and secondary tissue development.

  • stem cell function during plant Vascular development
    Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Juha Immanen, Kaisa Nieminen, Yrjo Helariutta
    Abstract:

    While many regulatory mechanisms controlling the development and function of root and shoot apical meristems have been revealed, our knowledge of similar processes in lateral meristems, including the Vascular Cambium, is still limited. Our understanding of even the anatomy and development of lateral meristems (proCambium or Vascular Cambium) is still relatively incomplete, let alone their genetic regulation. Research into this particular tissue type has been mostly hindered by a lack of suitable molecular markers, as well as the fact that thus far very few mutants affecting plant secondary development have been described. The development of suitable molecular markers is a high priority in order to help define the anatomy, especially the location and identity of cambial stem cells and the developmental phases and molecular regulatory mechanisms of the cambial zone. To date, most of the advances have been obtained by studying the role of the major plant hormones in Vascular development. Thus far auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin and ethylene have been implicated in regulating the maintenance and activity of cambial stem cells; the most logical question in research would be how these hormones interact during the various phases of cambial development.

  • Between Xylem and Phloem: The Genetic Control of Cambial Activity in Plants
    Plant Biology, 2003
    Co-Authors: Yrjo Helariutta, Rishikesh P. Bhalerao
    Abstract:

    : Post-embryonic development is controlled by two types of meristems: apical and lateral. There has been considerable progress recently in understanding the function of root and shoot apical meristems at the molecular level. Knowledge of analogous processes in the lateral, or secondary, meristems, i.e. the Vascular Cambium or cork Cambium, is, however, rudimentary. This is despite the fact that much of the diversity in the plant kingdom is based on the differential functions of these meristems, emphasizing the importance of lateral meristems in the development of different plant forms. The Vascular Cambium is particularly important for woody plants, but it also plays an important role during the development of various herbaceous species, such as Arabidopsis thaliana. In this review, we focus on the two basic functions of cambial activity: cell proliferation and pattern formation.

Yanwei Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • transcriptional regulation of Vascular Cambium activity during the transition from juvenile to mature stages in cunninghamia lanceolata
    Journal of Plant Physiology, 2016
    Co-Authors: Huimin Xu, Jinling Feng, Hongyang Wu, Yanwei Wang
    Abstract:

    Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook., an evergreen conifer distributed in southern China, has been recognized as the most commercially important timber species due to its rapid growth. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying growth alternation due to Vascular Cambium activity are poorly understood. Here, we used cryosectioning to isolate the Vascular Cambium tissue of C. lanceolata at three stages, namely, juvenile, transition and mature (3-, 13-, and 35-year-old trees respectively) for transcriptome-wide analysis. Through assembling and annotation of transcripts, 108,767 unigenes and some potential growth-regulated genes were identified. A total of 5213, 4873 and 2541 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the three stages. DEGs related to cambial activity, cell division and cell wall modification were detected at various developmental stages of the Vascular Cambium. In addition, some putative genes involved in plant hormone biosynthesis were also differentially regulated. These results indicate that various Cambium-related molecular activities result in alterations in the growth of C. lanceolata, particularly during the transition from juvenile to mature stages. The findings of the present study improve our understanding of Cambium development and may aid in studies of the molecular mechanisms of wood production and provide fundamental insights into the establishment of the optimal rotation period for silvicultural trees.

  • The regulation of cambial activity in Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) involves extensive transcriptome remodeling
    New Phytologist, 2013
    Co-Authors: Tong Chen, Shanfa Lu, X. T. He, Yanwei Wang
    Abstract:

    Summary Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), a commercially important tree for the timber and pulp industry, is widely distributed in southern China and northern Vietnam, but its large and complex genome has hindered the development of genomic resources. Few efforts have focused on analysis of the modulation of transcriptional networks in Vascular Cambium during the transition from active growth to dormancy in conifers. Here, we used Illumina sequencing to analyze the global transcriptome alterations at the different stages of Vascular Cambium development in Chinese fir. By analyzing dynamic changes in the transcriptome of Vascular Cambium based on our RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) data at the dormant, reactivating and active stages, many potentially interesting genes were identified that encoded putative regulators of cambial activity, cell division, cell expansion and cell wall biosynthesis and modification. In particular, the genes involved in transcriptional regulation and hormone signaling were highlighted to reveal their biological importance in the Cambium development and wood formation. Our results reveal the dynamics of transcriptional networks and identify potential key components in the regulation of Vascular Cambium development in Chinese fir, which will contribute to the in-depth study of cambial differentiation and wood-forming candidate genes in conifers.

Rebecca A Povilus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • water lily nymphaea thermarum genome reveals variable genomic signatures of ancient Vascular Cambium losses
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020
    Co-Authors: Rebecca A Povilus, Jeffrey M Dacosta, Christopher J Grassa, P R V Satyaki, Morgan Moeglein, Johan Jaenisch, Zhenxiang Xi, Sarah Mathews
    Abstract:

    For more than 225 million y, all seed plants were woody trees, shrubs, or vines. Shortly after the origin of angiosperms ∼140 million y ago (MYA), the Nymphaeales (water lilies) became one of the first lineages to deviate from their ancestral, woody habit by losing the Vascular Cambium, the meristematic population of cells that produces secondary xylem (wood) and phloem. Many of the genes and gene families that regulate differentiation of secondary tissues also regulate the differentiation of primary xylem and phloem, which are produced by apical meristems and retained in nearly all seed plants. Here, we sequenced and assembled a draft genome of the water lily Nymphaea thermarum, an emerging system for the study of early flowering plant evolution, and compared it to genomes from other Cambium-bearing and Cambium-less lineages (e.g., monocots and Nelumbo). This revealed lineage-specific patterns of gene loss and divergence. Nymphaea is characterized by a significant contraction of the HD-ZIP III transcription factors, specifically loss of REVOLUTA, which influences cambial activity in other angiosperms. We also found the Nymphaea and monocot copies of Cambium-associated CLE signaling peptides display unique substitutions at otherwise highly conserved amino acids. Nelumbo displays no obvious divergence in Cambium-associated genes. The divergent genomic signatures of convergent loss of Vascular Cambium reveals that even pleiotropic genes can exhibit unique divergence patterns in association with independent events of trait loss. Our results shed light on the evolution of herbaceousness—one of the key biological innovations associated with the earliest phases of angiosperm evolution.

  • water lily nymphaea thermarum draft genome reveals variable genomic signatures of ancient Vascular Cambium losses
    bioRxiv, 2019
    Co-Authors: Rebecca A Povilus, Jeffrey M Dacosta, Christopher J Grassa, P R V Satyaki, Morgan Moeglein, Johan Jaenisch, Zhenxiang Xi, Sarah Mathews, Mary Gehring, Charles C Davis
    Abstract:

    For more than 225 million years, all seed plants were woody trees, shrubs, or vines (1,2,3,4). Shortly after the origin of angiosperms ~135 million years ago (MYA) (5), the Nymphaeales (water lilies) became one of the first lineages to deviate from their ancestral, woody habit by losing the Vascular Cambium (6), the meristematic population of cells that produces secondary xylem (wood) and phloem. Many of the genes and gene families that regulate differentiation of secondary tissues also regulate the differentiation of primary xylem and phloem (7,8,9), which are produced by apical meristems and retained in nearly all seed plants. Here we sequence and assemble a draft genome of the water lily Nymphaea thermarum, an emerging system for the study of early flowering plant evolution, and compare it to genomes from other Cambium-bearing and Cambium-less lineages (like monocots and Nelumbo). This reveals lineage-specific patterns of gene loss and divergence. Nymphaea is characterized by a significant contraction of the HD-ZIP III transcription factors, specifically loss of REVOLUTA, which influences cambial activity in other angiosperms. We also find the Nymphaea and monocot copies of Cambium-associated CLE signaling peptides display unique substitutions at otherwise highly conserved amino acids. Nelumbo displays no obvious divergence in Cambium-associated genes. The divergent genomic signatures of convergent Vascular Cambium loss reveals that even pleiotropic genes can exhibit unique divergence patterns in association with independent trait loss events. Our results shed light on the evolution of herbaceousness,which is one of the key biological innovations associated with the earliest phases of angiosperm evolution.