The Experts below are selected from a list of 11883 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zucong Cai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Mechanisms of High N2O Emissions from Greenhouse Vegetable Field Soils
Clean-soil Air Water, 2017Co-Authors: Jing Wang, Christoph Müller, Jinbo Zhang, Zucong CaiAbstract:Vegetable Cultivation in China is characterized by high N application rate, multiple cropping, and frequent irrigation, which may have caused high N2O emission. However, the N2O emission characteristics and the underlying mechanisms responsible for N2O emission under high N application rate in the greenhouse Vegetable field soils remains largely unknown. Thus, we conducted a field experiment to monitor N2O emissions using static chamber and gas chromatography techniques. Meanwhile, an incubation experiment was carried out to quantify soil gross N transformation rates and N2O emissions pathways via 15N tracing and N2O source partitioning methods, respectively. The experiment involved three treatments: Conventional farmland cultivated with soybean (CF), greenhouse Vegetable field receiving only chemical N fertilizer (CGV), and greenhouse Vegetable field receiving both organic manure and chemical N fertilizer (OGV). Our results showed that soil N2O emissions in the greenhouse Vegetable fields, especially in OGV treatment, were significantly higher than those in CF treatment. Heterotrophic nitrification was the dominant pathway for N2O emissions accounting for up to 84.0% of the total N2O flux. The gross heterotrophic nitrification rate was 19.52 mg N kg−1 per day (accounting for 81% of the total nitrification rate) in OGV treatment, which was significantly higher than in CGV and CF treatment. As a consequence, the application of nitrification inhibitors might not be an effective mitigation options of N2O emissions from the greenhouse Vegetable fields in China.
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reductive soil disinfestation rsd alters gross n transformation rates and reduces no and n2o emissions in degraded Vegetable soils
Plant and Soil, 2014Co-Authors: Qi Dang, Christoph Müller, Tongbin Zhu, Jinbo Zhang, Zucong CaiAbstract:Background and aims Continuous Vegetable Cultivation in greenhouses can easily induce soil degradation, which considerably affects the development of sustainable Vegetable production. Recently, the reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) is widely used as an alternative to chemical soil disinfestations to improve degraded greenhouse Vegetable soils. Considering the importance of nitrogen (N) for plant growth and environment effect, the internal N transformation processes and rates should be well investigated in degraded Vegetable soils treated by RSD, but few works have been undertaken.
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effects of strong reductive approach on remediation of degraded facility Vegetable soil
Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013Co-Authors: Tongbin Zhu, Tianzhu Meng, Jinbo Zhang, Zucong CaiAbstract:High application rate of chemical fertilizers and unreasonable rotation in facility Vegetable Cultivation can easily induce the occurrence of soil acidification, salinization, and serious soil-borne diseases, while to quickly and effectively remediate the degraded facility Vegetable soil can considerably increase Vegetable yield and farmers' income. In this paper, a degraded facility Vegetable soil was amended with 0, 3.75, 7.50, and 11.3 t C x hm(-2) of air-dried alfalfa and flooded for 31 days to establish a strong reductive environment, with the variations of soil physical and chemical properties and the cucumber yield studied. Under the reductive condition, soil Eh dropped quickly below 0 mV, accumulated soil NO3(-) was effectively eliminated, soil pH was significantly raised, and soil EC was lowered, being more evident in higher alfalfa input treatments. After treated with the strong reductive approach, the cucumber yield in the facility Vegetable field reached 53.3-57.9 t x hm(-2), being significantly higher than that in un-treated facility Vegetable field in last growth season (10.8 t x hm(-2)). It was suggested that strong reductive approach could effectively remediate the degraded facility Vegetable soil in a short term.
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the n transformation mechanisms for rapid nitrate accumulation in soils under intensive Vegetable Cultivation
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2011Co-Authors: Tongbin Zhu, Christoph Müller, Jinbo Zhang, Zucong CaiAbstract:Purpose Rapid soil degradation occurring under intensive Vegetable Cultivation, an increasingly common agricultural strategy in China, is characterized by soil acidification, salinity, and NO3− accumulation. However, to date, the reasons for rapid NO3− accumulation in soils at the nitrogen (N) levels have not been completely understood. In this study, we explored the underlying mechanisms for rapid NO3− accumulation in soils used for intensive Vegetable Cultivation and implications of altered gross N transformation rates on soil properties and sustainable Cultivation.
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the contribution of nitrogen transformation processes to total n2o emissions from soils used for intensive Vegetable Cultivation
Plant and Soil, 2011Co-Authors: Tongbin Zhu, Jinbo Zhang, Zucong CaiAbstract:The rapid expansion of intensively farmed Vegetable fields has substantially contributed to the total N2O emissions from croplands in China. However, to date, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have not been completely understood. To quantify the contributions of autotrophic nitrification, heterotrophic nitrification, and denitrification to N2O production from the intensive Vegetable fields and to identify the affecting factors, a 15N tracing experiment was conducted using five soil samples collected from adjacent fields used for rice-wheat rotation system (WF), or for consecutive Vegetable Cultivation (VF) for 0.5 (VF1), 6 (VF2), 8 (VF3), and 10 (VF4) years. Soil was incubated under 50% water holding capacity (WHC) at 25°C for 96 h after being labeled with 15NH4NO3 or NH415NO3. The average N2O emission rate was 24.2 ng N kg−1 h−1 in WF soil, but it ranged from 69.6 to 507 ng N kg−1 h−1 in VF soils. Autotrophic nitrification, heterotrophic nitrification and denitrification accounted for 0.3–31.4%, 25.4–54.4% and 22.5–57.7% of the N2O emissions, respectively. When Vegetable soils were moderately acidified (pH, 6.2 to ≥ 5.7), the increased N2O emissions resulted from the increase of both the gross autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification rates and the N2O product ratio of autotrophic nitrification. However, once severe acidification occurred (as in VF4, pH ≤ 4.3) and salt stress increased, both autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification rates were inhibited to levels similar to those of WF soil. The enhanced N2O product ratios of heterotrophic nitrification (4.84‰), autotrophic nitrification (0.93‰) and denitrification processes were the most important factors explaining high N2O emission in VF4 soil. Data from this study showed that various soil conditions (e.g., soil salinity and concentration of NO3- or NH4+) could also significantly affect the sources and rates of N2O emission.
Changhui Peng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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agricultural carbon flux changes driven by intensive plastic greenhouse Cultivation in five climatic regions of china
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2015Co-Authors: Yan Wang, Changhui Peng, Dong Liu, Yuan Ren, Guofu Yang, Jihua Cheng, Jie ChangAbstract:It is still controversial as to whether intensive agriculture increases or decreases carbon emissions compared to conventional farming. Carbon flux changes induced by the conversion of agricultural practices in different climatic regions have long been a scientific focus. As an intensive Cultivation practice, Vegetable Cultivation within plastic greenhouses (PGVC) has been reported to reduce net carbon emissions following the conversion from conventional Vegetable Cultivation (CVC). However, it remains uncertain to what degree the carbon flux changes following the conversion in different climatic regions. Based on 637 paired soil data points and 189 Vegetable data points from five major climatic regions in China, we used a full carbon cycle analysis to estimate the carbon flux changes when converting from CVC to PGVC. Results showed that the conversion reduced net carbon emissions in four climatic regions (middle temperate, warm temperate, south subtropical and north subtropical regions) but increased net carbon emissions in the Tibet Plateau region. This regional variation was attributable to the differences between soil carbon sequestration and fossil fuel emissions. The highest reduction (1.46 Mg C ha
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does growing Vegetables in plastic greenhouses enhance regional ecosystem services beyond the food supply
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 2013Co-Authors: Jie Chang, Yan Wang, Laura A Meyerson, Yong Min, Hui Xue, Changhui PengAbstract:In recent years, plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation (PGVC) has expanded worldwide, particularly in China, where it accounts for more than 90% of all global PGVC operations. As compared with conventional agricultural methods, PGVC has doubled crop yields by extending growing seasons and intensifying agriculture. PGVC also offers more ecosystem services relative to conventional approaches, including greater soil carbon sequestration, lower water consumption, and improved soil protection at regional scales. The economic benefits of this easily implemented agricultural method are attractive to small-holder farmers. However, greater environmental impacts (eg greenhouse-gas emissions, generation of large amounts of plastic waste) are associated with PGVC than with conventional approaches. Here, we review what is currently known about PGVC and identify future research priorities that will comprehensively assess the ecosystem services offered by this method of Cultivation, as well as its environmental impacts and socioeconomic benefits.
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quantification of net carbon flux from plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation a full carbon cycle analysis
Environmental Pollution, 2011Co-Authors: Yan Wang, Changhui Peng, Anqin Liu, Yimei Zhu, Xiaoyin Niu, Jie ChangAbstract:Abstract Plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation (PGVC) has played a vital role in increasing incomes of farmers and expanded dramatically in last several decades. However, carbon budget after conversion from conventional Vegetable Cultivation (CVC) to PGVC has been poorly quantified. A full carbon cycle analysis was used to estimate the net carbon flux from PGVC systems based on the combination of data from both field observations and literatures. Carbon fixation was evaluated at two pre-selected locations in China. Results suggest that: (1) the carbon sink of PGVC is 1.21 and 1.23 Mg C ha −1 yr −1 for temperate and subtropical area, respectively; (2) the conversion from CVC to PGVC could substantially enhance carbon sink potential by 8.6 times in the temperate area and by 1.3 times in the subtropical area; (3) the expansion of PGVC usage could enhance the potential carbon sink of arable land in China overall.
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assessment of net ecosystem services of plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation in china
Ecological Economics, 2011Co-Authors: Jie Chang, Yan Wang, Laura A Meyerson, Anqin Liu, Wu Yang, Changhui PengAbstract:Plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation is rapidly expanding in China and elsewhere worldwide. In order to comprehensively understand the impacts of plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation on agricultural ecosystem services and dis-services, we developed an assessment framework for the net ecosystem services and used China as a case study. Our results showed that, compared to conventional Vegetable Cultivation, plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation has higher fresh Vegetable production, greater CO2 fixation (3.61 t CO2 ha- 1 yr- 1), better soil retention (23.1 t ha- 1 yr- 1), and requires less irrigation (2132 m3 water ha- 1 yr- 1), maintains similar soil fertility, but also has higher NO3- accumulation and N2O emissions. In 2004, plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation in China provided an overall net economic benefit of 67,956 yuan ha-1 yr- 1 (8.28 yuan = 1 USD in 2004), where 68,240 yuan ha- 1 yr- 1 represented ecosystem services and 284 yuan ha- 1 yr- 1 for dis-services. The transition from conventional Vegetable Cultivation to plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation resulted in a net economic benefit of 24,248 yuan ha- 1 yr- 1. A cost-benefit analysis suggests that plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation in China has the potential to optimize social benefits in addition to increasing annual economic income to farmers directly.
Jinfeng Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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using robust bayesian network to estimate the residuals of fluoroquinolone antibiotic in soil
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015Co-Authors: Yunfeng Xie, Ning Wang, Xunfeng Yang, Jinfeng WangAbstract:Prediction of antibiotic pollution and its consequences is difficult, due to the uncertainties and complexities associated with multiple related factors. This article employed domain knowledge and spatial data to construct a Bayesian network (BN) model to assess fluoroquinolone antibiotic (FQs) pollution in the soil of an intensive Vegetable Cultivation area. The results show: (1) The relationships between FQs pollution and contributory factors: Three factors (Cultivation methods, crop rotations, and chicken manure types) were consistently identified as predictors in the topological structures of three FQs, indicating their importance in FQs pollution; deduced with domain knowledge, the Cultivation methods are determined by the crop rotations, which require different nutrients (derived from the manure) according to different plant biomass. (2) The performance of BN model: The integrative robust Bayesian network model achieved the highest detection probability (pd) of high-risk and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area, since it incorporates domain knowledge and model uncertainty. Our encouraging findings have implications for the use of BN as a robust approach to assessment of FQs pollution and for informing decisions on appropriate remedial measures.
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investigation of residual fluoroquinolones in a soil Vegetable system in an intensive Vegetable Cultivation area in northern china
Science of The Total Environment, 2014Co-Authors: Xuewen Li, Canglin Li, Huinan Zhao, Hui Zhao, Ning Wang, Jinfeng WangAbstract:One of the largest Vegetable Cultivation field sites in Northeast China was selected to investigate the occurrence and distribution pattern of fluoroquinolones (FQs) in the soil-Vegetable system. A total of 100 surface soil samples and 68 Vegetable samples were collected from this study area. The antibiotic concentration was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Results indicated the presence of FQs in all soil samples. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) had the highest mean concentration, at 104.4 mu g.kg(-1) in the soil, a level that represents a relatively high risk to the environment and to human health. However, in the Vegetable samples, norfloxacin (NOR) was significantly higher than CIP and enrofloxacin (ENR), ranging from 18.2 to 6583 mu g.kg(-1). The transfer ability of NOR in soil-Vegetables is greater than that of CIP and ENR. Moreover, we found that the solanaceous fruits had a higher antibiotic accumulation ability than the leafy Vegetables. Taken together, these data indicate that greater attention should be paid to the region in which Vegetables with higher accumulation ability are grown. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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investigation of residual fluoroquinolones in a soil Vegetable system in an intensive Vegetable Cultivation area in northern china
Science of The Total Environment, 2014Co-Authors: Yunfeng Xie, Huinan Zhao, Hui Zhao, Ning Wang, Jinfeng WangAbstract:Abstract One of the largest Vegetable Cultivation field sites in Northeast China was selected to investigate the occurrence and distribution pattern of fluoroquinolones (FQs) in the soil–Vegetable system. A total of 100 surface soil samples and 68 Vegetable samples were collected from this study area. The antibiotic concentration was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Results indicated the presence of FQs in all soil samples. Ciprofloxacin (CIP) had the highest mean concentration, at 104.4 μg·kg− 1 in the soil, a level that represents a relatively high risk to the environment and to human health. However, in the Vegetable samples, norfloxacin (NOR) was significantly higher than CIP and enrofloxacin (ENR), ranging from 18.2 to 658.3 μg·kg− 1. The transfer ability of NOR in soil–Vegetables is greater than that of CIP and ENR. Moreover, we found that the solanaceous fruits had a higher antibiotic accumulation ability than the leafy Vegetables. Taken together, these data indicate that greater attention should be paid to the region in which Vegetables with higher accumulation ability are grown.
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influence of planting patterns on fluoroquinolone residues in the soil of an intensive Vegetable Cultivation area in northern china
Science of The Total Environment, 2013Co-Authors: Xuewen Li, Huinan Zhao, Jiliang Si, George Christakos, Jinfeng Wang, Yanqiang DingAbstract:Recent studies have demonstrated the persistence of antibiotics in soil, especially in areas of Vegetable Cultivation. However, there are very few studies of the influence of planting regimes on the levels of antibiotic pollution. This work introduces geographical-detector models to investigate the relationship between planting patterns (Vegetable planting model, manure type and quantity, planting age, greenhouse area, and topographic elevation) and residual fluoroquinolones (FQs) in soil in a pilot project in Shouguang County, Shandong Province (the largest Vegetable-producing area in China). The results led to the following findings. 1. The Vegetable planting model is the major determinant of the spatial stratification of FQ in the soil. For example, the "cucumber-cucumber" model (growing cucumbers after cucumbers) has a three-fold power of determinant compared to the "pepper-melon" model (growing melons after peppers). 2. Planting age (years with continuous Vegetable Cultivation) does not necessarily affect the spatial distribution of FQ owing to their relatively short degradation period. 3. Interactions between risk factors were more significant than the individual factors for FQ pollution. In particular, the interaction between the Vegetable planting model and amount of manure resulted in the highest pollution level. The findings of the present study make it possible to introduce effective and practical measures to alleviate pollution of soils by FQ in the study area. Adjustment of the Vegetable Cultivation models and application of chicken manure (less than 6kg/m2 manure annually with a more dry than fresh manure) could be an effective and flexible approach to alleviate FQ pollution. The Vegetable planting model is the major determinant of FQ difference in soil. Planting age could not result in spatial pollution differences. Interactions between risk factors should be given more concern. 2013 Elsevier B.V.
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influence of planting patterns on fluoroquinolone residues in the soil of an intensive Vegetable Cultivation area in northern china
Science of The Total Environment, 2013Co-Authors: Yunfeng Xie, Huinan Zhao, George Christakos, Jinfeng Wang, Yanqiang DingAbstract:Recent studies have demonstrated the persistence of antibiotics in soil, especially in areas of Vegetable Cultivation. However, there are very few studies of the influence of planting regimes on the levels of antibiotic pollution. This work introduces geographical-detector models to investigate the relationship between planting patterns (Vegetable planting model, manure type and quantity, planting age, greenhouse area, and topographic elevation) and residual fluoroquinolones (FQs) in soil in a pilot project in Shouguang County, Shandong Province (the largest Vegetable-producing area in China). The results led to the following findings. 1. The Vegetable planting model is the major determinant of the spatial stratification of FQ in the soil. For example, the "cucumber-cucumber" model (growing cucumbers after cucumbers) has a three-fold power of determinant compared to the "pepper-melon" model (growing melons after peppers). 2. Planting age (years with continuous Vegetable Cultivation) does not necessarily affect the spatial distribution of FQ owing to their relatively short degradation period. 3. Interactions between risk factors were more significant than the individual factors for FQ pollution. In particular, the interaction between the Vegetable planting model and amount of manure resulted in the highest pollution level. The findings of the present study make it possible to introduce effective and practical measures to alleviate pollution of soils by FQ in the study area. Adjustment of the Vegetable Cultivation models and application of chicken manure (less than 6 kg/m(2) manure annually with a more dry than fresh manure) could be an effective and flexible approach to alleviate FQ pollution.
Tongbin Zhu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reductive soil disinfestation rsd alters gross n transformation rates and reduces no and n2o emissions in degraded Vegetable soils
Plant and Soil, 2014Co-Authors: Qi Dang, Christoph Müller, Tongbin Zhu, Jinbo Zhang, Zucong CaiAbstract:Background and aims Continuous Vegetable Cultivation in greenhouses can easily induce soil degradation, which considerably affects the development of sustainable Vegetable production. Recently, the reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) is widely used as an alternative to chemical soil disinfestations to improve degraded greenhouse Vegetable soils. Considering the importance of nitrogen (N) for plant growth and environment effect, the internal N transformation processes and rates should be well investigated in degraded Vegetable soils treated by RSD, but few works have been undertaken.
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effects of strong reductive approach on remediation of degraded facility Vegetable soil
Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013Co-Authors: Tongbin Zhu, Tianzhu Meng, Jinbo Zhang, Zucong CaiAbstract:High application rate of chemical fertilizers and unreasonable rotation in facility Vegetable Cultivation can easily induce the occurrence of soil acidification, salinization, and serious soil-borne diseases, while to quickly and effectively remediate the degraded facility Vegetable soil can considerably increase Vegetable yield and farmers' income. In this paper, a degraded facility Vegetable soil was amended with 0, 3.75, 7.50, and 11.3 t C x hm(-2) of air-dried alfalfa and flooded for 31 days to establish a strong reductive environment, with the variations of soil physical and chemical properties and the cucumber yield studied. Under the reductive condition, soil Eh dropped quickly below 0 mV, accumulated soil NO3(-) was effectively eliminated, soil pH was significantly raised, and soil EC was lowered, being more evident in higher alfalfa input treatments. After treated with the strong reductive approach, the cucumber yield in the facility Vegetable field reached 53.3-57.9 t x hm(-2), being significantly higher than that in un-treated facility Vegetable field in last growth season (10.8 t x hm(-2)). It was suggested that strong reductive approach could effectively remediate the degraded facility Vegetable soil in a short term.
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the n transformation mechanisms for rapid nitrate accumulation in soils under intensive Vegetable Cultivation
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2011Co-Authors: Tongbin Zhu, Christoph Müller, Jinbo Zhang, Zucong CaiAbstract:Purpose Rapid soil degradation occurring under intensive Vegetable Cultivation, an increasingly common agricultural strategy in China, is characterized by soil acidification, salinity, and NO3− accumulation. However, to date, the reasons for rapid NO3− accumulation in soils at the nitrogen (N) levels have not been completely understood. In this study, we explored the underlying mechanisms for rapid NO3− accumulation in soils used for intensive Vegetable Cultivation and implications of altered gross N transformation rates on soil properties and sustainable Cultivation.
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the contribution of nitrogen transformation processes to total n2o emissions from soils used for intensive Vegetable Cultivation
Plant and Soil, 2011Co-Authors: Tongbin Zhu, Jinbo Zhang, Zucong CaiAbstract:The rapid expansion of intensively farmed Vegetable fields has substantially contributed to the total N2O emissions from croplands in China. However, to date, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have not been completely understood. To quantify the contributions of autotrophic nitrification, heterotrophic nitrification, and denitrification to N2O production from the intensive Vegetable fields and to identify the affecting factors, a 15N tracing experiment was conducted using five soil samples collected from adjacent fields used for rice-wheat rotation system (WF), or for consecutive Vegetable Cultivation (VF) for 0.5 (VF1), 6 (VF2), 8 (VF3), and 10 (VF4) years. Soil was incubated under 50% water holding capacity (WHC) at 25°C for 96 h after being labeled with 15NH4NO3 or NH415NO3. The average N2O emission rate was 24.2 ng N kg−1 h−1 in WF soil, but it ranged from 69.6 to 507 ng N kg−1 h−1 in VF soils. Autotrophic nitrification, heterotrophic nitrification and denitrification accounted for 0.3–31.4%, 25.4–54.4% and 22.5–57.7% of the N2O emissions, respectively. When Vegetable soils were moderately acidified (pH, 6.2 to ≥ 5.7), the increased N2O emissions resulted from the increase of both the gross autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification rates and the N2O product ratio of autotrophic nitrification. However, once severe acidification occurred (as in VF4, pH ≤ 4.3) and salt stress increased, both autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrification rates were inhibited to levels similar to those of WF soil. The enhanced N2O product ratios of heterotrophic nitrification (4.84‰), autotrophic nitrification (0.93‰) and denitrification processes were the most important factors explaining high N2O emission in VF4 soil. Data from this study showed that various soil conditions (e.g., soil salinity and concentration of NO3- or NH4+) could also significantly affect the sources and rates of N2O emission.
Jie Chang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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agricultural carbon flux changes driven by intensive plastic greenhouse Cultivation in five climatic regions of china
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2015Co-Authors: Yan Wang, Changhui Peng, Dong Liu, Yuan Ren, Guofu Yang, Jihua Cheng, Jie ChangAbstract:It is still controversial as to whether intensive agriculture increases or decreases carbon emissions compared to conventional farming. Carbon flux changes induced by the conversion of agricultural practices in different climatic regions have long been a scientific focus. As an intensive Cultivation practice, Vegetable Cultivation within plastic greenhouses (PGVC) has been reported to reduce net carbon emissions following the conversion from conventional Vegetable Cultivation (CVC). However, it remains uncertain to what degree the carbon flux changes following the conversion in different climatic regions. Based on 637 paired soil data points and 189 Vegetable data points from five major climatic regions in China, we used a full carbon cycle analysis to estimate the carbon flux changes when converting from CVC to PGVC. Results showed that the conversion reduced net carbon emissions in four climatic regions (middle temperate, warm temperate, south subtropical and north subtropical regions) but increased net carbon emissions in the Tibet Plateau region. This regional variation was attributable to the differences between soil carbon sequestration and fossil fuel emissions. The highest reduction (1.46 Mg C ha
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does growing Vegetables in plastic greenhouses enhance regional ecosystem services beyond the food supply
Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 2013Co-Authors: Jie Chang, Yan Wang, Laura A Meyerson, Yong Min, Hui Xue, Changhui PengAbstract:In recent years, plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation (PGVC) has expanded worldwide, particularly in China, where it accounts for more than 90% of all global PGVC operations. As compared with conventional agricultural methods, PGVC has doubled crop yields by extending growing seasons and intensifying agriculture. PGVC also offers more ecosystem services relative to conventional approaches, including greater soil carbon sequestration, lower water consumption, and improved soil protection at regional scales. The economic benefits of this easily implemented agricultural method are attractive to small-holder farmers. However, greater environmental impacts (eg greenhouse-gas emissions, generation of large amounts of plastic waste) are associated with PGVC than with conventional approaches. Here, we review what is currently known about PGVC and identify future research priorities that will comprehensively assess the ecosystem services offered by this method of Cultivation, as well as its environmental impacts and socioeconomic benefits.
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quantification of net carbon flux from plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation a full carbon cycle analysis
Environmental Pollution, 2011Co-Authors: Yan Wang, Changhui Peng, Anqin Liu, Yimei Zhu, Xiaoyin Niu, Jie ChangAbstract:Abstract Plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation (PGVC) has played a vital role in increasing incomes of farmers and expanded dramatically in last several decades. However, carbon budget after conversion from conventional Vegetable Cultivation (CVC) to PGVC has been poorly quantified. A full carbon cycle analysis was used to estimate the net carbon flux from PGVC systems based on the combination of data from both field observations and literatures. Carbon fixation was evaluated at two pre-selected locations in China. Results suggest that: (1) the carbon sink of PGVC is 1.21 and 1.23 Mg C ha −1 yr −1 for temperate and subtropical area, respectively; (2) the conversion from CVC to PGVC could substantially enhance carbon sink potential by 8.6 times in the temperate area and by 1.3 times in the subtropical area; (3) the expansion of PGVC usage could enhance the potential carbon sink of arable land in China overall.
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assessment of net ecosystem services of plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation in china
Ecological Economics, 2011Co-Authors: Jie Chang, Yan Wang, Laura A Meyerson, Anqin Liu, Wu Yang, Changhui PengAbstract:Plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation is rapidly expanding in China and elsewhere worldwide. In order to comprehensively understand the impacts of plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation on agricultural ecosystem services and dis-services, we developed an assessment framework for the net ecosystem services and used China as a case study. Our results showed that, compared to conventional Vegetable Cultivation, plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation has higher fresh Vegetable production, greater CO2 fixation (3.61 t CO2 ha- 1 yr- 1), better soil retention (23.1 t ha- 1 yr- 1), and requires less irrigation (2132 m3 water ha- 1 yr- 1), maintains similar soil fertility, but also has higher NO3- accumulation and N2O emissions. In 2004, plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation in China provided an overall net economic benefit of 67,956 yuan ha-1 yr- 1 (8.28 yuan = 1 USD in 2004), where 68,240 yuan ha- 1 yr- 1 represented ecosystem services and 284 yuan ha- 1 yr- 1 for dis-services. The transition from conventional Vegetable Cultivation to plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation resulted in a net economic benefit of 24,248 yuan ha- 1 yr- 1. A cost-benefit analysis suggests that plastic greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation in China has the potential to optimize social benefits in addition to increasing annual economic income to farmers directly.
