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Jelena Marinkovic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sexual behaviour of male teenagers attending a city department for skin and Venereal Diseases in belgrade
Acta Dermato-venereologica, 2004Co-Authors: Milan Bjekic, H Vlajinac, Sandra Sipetic, Jelena MarinkovicAbstract:A study of sexual behaviour of teenagers is essential in the design of an effective intervention programme for sexually transmitted Diseases (STDs). A questionnaire was administered to 380 men, attending the department for skin and Venereal Diseases in Belgrade in the period from January 2000 to June 2001. Two groups were compared, 'STD cases' (attending for suspected STDs) and controls (with skin mycotic Diseases). In multivariate logistic regression analysis the following risk factors were significantly more frequent in STD cases: sex on the same day as the first encounter (odds ratio (OR)= 2.62, 95% CI = 1.58-4.34), history of previous STD (OR = 3.60, 95% CI = 1.74-7.45) and never using a condom with an irregular partner (OR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.10-4.38). Language: en
J Van Staden - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antimicrobial properties and phenolic contents of medicinal plants used by the venda people for conditions related to Venereal Diseases
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2011Co-Authors: R B Mulaudzi, A R Ndhlala, M G Kulkarni, J F Finnie, J Van StadenAbstract:Abstract Ethnopharmacology relevance Many people are infected by Venereal Diseases and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in rural areas. Sexual transmitted Diseases are considered a disgrace in the community because of the stigmas attached to them. Indigenous people tend to use several medicinal plants to treat these infectious Diseases rather than western medicines. Aim of the study This study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial, antifungal, antigonococcal, HIV-type 1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and to determine phenolic content of twelve medicinal plants used by the Venda people to treat Venereal Diseases. Materials and methods The dried plant materials of twelve medicinal plants were extracted with petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM), 80% ethanol (EtOH) and water. The extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial properties against two Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus), three Gram-negative (Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria and a fungus Candida albicans. The phenolic contents including total phenolics, flavonoids, gallotannins and condensed tannins of the methanolic extracts of the same plants were also determined. Results DCM and EtOH extracts of Bolusanthus speciosus bark and stems exhibited good activity ( 70%) at 1 mg/ml. All tested extracts exhibited dose dependent IC50 values ranging from (0.1 to 0.6 mg/ml). Almost all plant species investigated contained phenolic compounds, which were greater than 5 mg/g with the exception of Adansonia digitata bark and Aloe chabaudii roots. The highest level of flavonoids (11.9 μg/g) were detected in Ximenia caffra leaves. Whereas the highest amount of gallotannins were detected in Ekebergia capensis bark (69 μg/g). Condensed tannins were higher in Ekebergia capensis bark and Ximenia caffra roots (0.47 and 0.48% respectively). Adansonia digitata bark and Aloe chabaudii roots exhibited low levels of phenolic compounds as well as antimicrobial activities. Conclusion The presented results offer supporting evidence for effective use of selected plant extracts. More in vitro confirmatory tests using other assays and/or in vivo tests are required. Toxicity studies are urgently needed to support the safe usage of these plants.
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antibacterial and antifungal activity of traditional medicinal plants used against Venereal Diseases in south africa
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2006Co-Authors: L V Buwa, J Van StadenAbstract:Aqueous, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of 13 plants used in South Africa for the treatment of Venereal Diseases were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activity. Among the plants tested, Gunnera perpensa, Harpephyllum caffrum, Hypoxis latifolia and Ledebouria ovatifolia showed the best antibacterial activity. The aqueous extracts of Gunnera perpensa and Harpephyllum caffrum were most active against all the tested bacteria. In antifungal screening, good activity was shown by the ethanolic extracts of Bersama lucens and Harpephyllum caffrum. Only in the case of Harpephyllum caffrum did aqueous extracts have activity against Candida albicans.
Susan Lemar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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'Outweighing the Public Weal': The Venereal Diseases Debate in
2016Co-Authors: Susan LemarAbstract:The most infamous and consistently cited attempt to control prostitution and Venereal Diseases were the British Contagious Diseases Acts that operated in parts of Britain and Australia between 1864 until their repeal in 1886. From 1867 the British Contagious Diseases Acts, or rather the controversy surrounding them, at some level or another informed the policy debate in South Australia (SA). Indeed, the acts hung like a black cloud over attempts by South Australia in the early twentieth century to introduce Venereal Diseases control policy. With a few amendments throughout their period of operation they provided for the prosecution of women perceived to be prostitutes and suspected of suffering from Venereal Diseases. The acts drew criticism in Britain from liberal reformers such as John Stuart Mill and Josephine Butler almost from the outset. They were thought to be unjust, as they were directed only against women; immoral, because they appeared to condone prostitution; useless, because they failed to serve the purpose for which they were introduced, namely reducing the incidence of Venereal Diseases among the armed forces; and unconstitutional, because they violated the basic liberties of some English women.2 In the early twentieth century, the dilemma over whether or not to enforce a compulsory system of disease control incited considerable debate among liberal social reformers, the medical profession, public health authorities, and legislators. The nature and content of this debate has been the subject of a large body of work on the social history of Venereal Diseases, the basic assumption of which is that the control of Venereal Diseases - syphilis, gonorrhoea and soft chancre - was a prob
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outweighing the public weal the Venereal Diseases debate in south australia 1915 1920
Health and History, 2003Co-Authors: Susan LemarAbstract:prostitution and Venereal Diseases were the British Contagious Diseases Acts that operated in parts of Britain and Australia between 1864 until their repeal in 1886. From 1867 the British Contagious Diseases Acts, or rather the controversy surrounding them, at some level or another informed the policy debate in South Australia (SA). Indeed, the acts hung like a black cloud over attempts by South Australia in the early twentieth century to introduce Venereal Diseases control policy. With a few amendments throughout their period of operation they provided for the prosecution of women perceived to be prostitutes and suspected of suffering from Venereal Diseases. The acts drew criticism in Britain from liberal reformers such as John Stuart Mill and Josephine Butler almost from the outset. They were thought to be unjust, as they were directed only against women; immoral, because they appeared to condone prostitution; useless, because they failed to serve the purpose for which they were introduced, namely reducing the incidence of Venereal Diseases among the armed forces; and unconstitutional, because they violated the basic liberties of some English women.2 In the early twentieth century, the dilemma over whether or not to enforce a compulsory system of disease control incited considerable debate among liberal social reformers, the medical profession, public health authorities, and legislators. The nature and content of this debate has been the subject of a large body of work on the social history of Venereal Diseases, the basic assumption of which is that the control of Venereal Diseases syphilis, gonorrhoea and soft chancre was a prob-
Milan Bjekic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sexual behaviour of male teenagers attending a city department for skin and Venereal Diseases in belgrade
Acta Dermato-venereologica, 2004Co-Authors: Milan Bjekic, H Vlajinac, Sandra Sipetic, Jelena MarinkovicAbstract:A study of sexual behaviour of teenagers is essential in the design of an effective intervention programme for sexually transmitted Diseases (STDs). A questionnaire was administered to 380 men, attending the department for skin and Venereal Diseases in Belgrade in the period from January 2000 to June 2001. Two groups were compared, 'STD cases' (attending for suspected STDs) and controls (with skin mycotic Diseases). In multivariate logistic regression analysis the following risk factors were significantly more frequent in STD cases: sex on the same day as the first encounter (odds ratio (OR)= 2.62, 95% CI = 1.58-4.34), history of previous STD (OR = 3.60, 95% CI = 1.74-7.45) and never using a condom with an irregular partner (OR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.10-4.38). Language: en
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effect of alcohol consumption on recurrence of Venereal Diseases
Medicinski Pregled, 2000Co-Authors: Milan Bjekic, H VlajinacAbstract:INTRODUCTION: Sexually transmitted Diseases (STDs) comprise a large group of infections caused by different microorganisms including spirochetes, bacteria, chlamydia, mycoplasma, protozoa, fungi, parasites, and viruses. A considerable number of patients with sexually transmitted Diseases are STD recurrences. As reported by Marijanovic and Lalosevic, in Belgrade, among patients who visited the City Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, during 1985 and 1986 because of syphilis or gonorrhea, 22.8% had these Diseases two or more times during their lives (male/female ratio 10:1). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that there is a relationship between alcohol use and recurrence of STD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A case-control study was performed in Belgrade population, from June, 1997 to April, 1998. Participants were recruited among patients attending the City Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases of Belgrade because of sexually transmitted Diseases (syphilis, gonorrhea, nongonoccocal urethritis and genital warts). The case group comprised 101 patients who already had STD two or more times in their personal histories. The control group consisted of 210 patients treated at the same institution for micotic Diseases, patients who either never had STD or had it only once (13% of controls) in their personal histories. All participants were men aged 20 to 50 years and all were from Belgrade. Data on demographic characteristics, sexual history and sexual behavior, and data on antisocial behavior were collected from all participants using an anonymous questionnaire. In the present paper only data on alcohol use are presented. In the analysis of data chi 2-test was used. RESULTS: STD recurrence patients in comparison to their controls used alcohol more frequently (56.3%:16.1%), especially hard liquors, and 55.5% of them used alcohol at the time of STD infection. DISCUSSION: In the present study STD recurrence patients consumed alcohol more frequently than their controls, especially hard liquors. In the study of Myliueva et al, 50% of Venereal disease patients consumed alcohol now and then and 10% consumed alcohol frequently. Scheidt and Windle found that 60% of alcoholics had at least one sexually transmitted disease as the result of a high number of sexual partners, low use of condoms and practicing sex for drugs or money. Alcohol has a depressive effect on central nervous system, reduces anxiety and increases libido. CONCLUSION: The obtained results support the hypothesis that alcohol use is related to recurrence of STDs.
Anne R. Hanley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the great foe to the reproduction of the race diagnosing and treating infertility caused by Venereal Diseases 1880 1914
2017Co-Authors: Anne R. HanleyAbstract:Infertility was a source of great anxiety for childless couples and a subject of uncertainty and concern for doctors. Yet the specificities of infertility caused by Venereal Diseases have been overlooked. Medical authors at the turn of the twentieth century and historians in more recent decades have instead been preoccupied with the congenitally syphilitic child or the infant with gonorrhoeal ophthalmia neonatorum. This chapter remedies these historiographical gaps, addressing some of the more significant problems attendant upon diagnosing and treating infertility among infected men and women. Even with the development of bacteriological and serological testing, the Venereal aetiology of a patient’s infertility was difficult to confirm. Venereal Diseases did not always result in infertility and doctors found that many infertile patients showed few clear signs of infection. Having established the place of infertility within medical discourse and patient care, this chapter situates it within a wider eugenic framework of perceived degeneration and national efficiency.
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midwifery and ophthalmia neonatorum
2017Co-Authors: Anne R. HanleyAbstract:Although various manifestations of Venereal Diseases are addressed throughout this book, this chapter offers a detailed account of how knowledge developed around one specific condition—gonorrhoeal ophthalmia neonatorum—and how two different groups of medical professionals were trained to care for infants with this condition. Not only has ophthalmia neonatorum received little attention in histories of Venereal Diseases but the training and practice of midwives and doctors who cared for infants with this condition has also been overlooked. Yet it constitutes an important case study for the limitations in theoretical knowledge available to midwives, and for the professional and disciplinary boundaries imposed upon midwifery practice following the passing of the Midwives Act in 1902 and the establishment of the Central Midwives Board.
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Training Competent Generalists
Medicine Knowledge and Venereal Diseases in England 1886-1916, 2016Co-Authors: Anne R. HanleyAbstract:This chapter examines the organisation and limitations of venereological teaching among undergraduates. The undergraduate study of Venereal Diseases constitutes an important case study for wider concerns over the quality of medical training among competent generalists. How much should students be taught about any specific disease category? Was the study of Venereal Diseases essential to their generalist training? Much of the source material used in this chapter is taken from the testimony of the Royal Commission on Venereal Diseases. Those who were questioned about the state of undergraduate training were heavily involved with teaching at their respective hospitals. While they may not have been able to judge how readily students assimilated information about the diagnosis and treatment of Venereal Diseases, they were able to speak with authority about the training available to students.
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medicine knowledge and Venereal Diseases in england 1886 1916
2016Co-Authors: Anne R. HanleyAbstract:Book synopsis: This book reveals the ever-present challenges of patient care at the forefront of medical knowledge. Syphilis and gonorrhoea played upon the public imagination in Victorian and Edwardian England, inspiring fascination and fear. Seemingly inextricable from the other great ‘social evil’, prostitution, these Diseases represented contamination, both physical and moral. They infiltrated respectable homes and brought terrible suffering and stigma to those afflicted. Medicine, Knowledge and Venereal Diseases takes us back to an age before penicillin and the NHS, when developments in pathology, symptomology and aetiology were transforming clinical practice. This is the first book to examine systematically how doctors, nurses and midwives grappled with new ideas and laboratory-based technologies in their fight against Venereal Diseases in voluntary hospitals, general practice and Poor Law institutions. It opens up new perspectives on what made competent and safe medical professionals; how these standards changed over time; and how changing attitudes and expectations affected the medical authority and autonomy of different professional groups.
