Verbal Learning

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Kumiko Tanakakoshiyama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • abnormal spontaneous gamma power is associated with Verbal Learning and memory dysfunction in schizophrenia
    Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020
    Co-Authors: Yash B Joshi, Juan L Molina, Joyce Sprock, Kumiko Tanakakoshiyama, Daisuke Koshiyama, Makoto Miyakoshi, David L Braff, Gregory A Light
    Abstract:

    Background: Schizophrenia patients exhibit cognitive deficits across multiple domains, including Verbal memory, working memory and executive function, which substantially contribute to psychosocial disability. Gamma oscillations are associated with a wide range of cognitive operations, and are important for cortico-cortical transmission and the integration of information across neural networks. While previous reports have shown that schizophrenia patients have selective impairments in the ability to support gamma oscillations in response to 40-Hz auditory stimulation, it is unclear if patients show abnormalities in gamma power at rest or whether resting-state activity in other frequency bands is associated with cognitive functioning in schizophrenia patients. Methods: Resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) was assessed over 3 minutes in 145 healthy comparison subjects and 157 schizophrenia patients. Single-word reading ability was measured via the Reading subtest of the Wide Range Achievement Test-3 (WRAT). Auditory attention and working memory were evaluated using Letter-Number Span and Letter-Number Sequencing. Executive function was assessed via perseverative responses on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Verbal Learning performance was measured using the California Verbal Learning Test second edition (CVLT-II). Results: Schizophrenia patients showed normal levels of delta-band power but abnormally elevated EEG power in theta, alpha, beta and gamma bands. An exploratory correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation of gamma-band power and Verbal Learning performance in schizophrenia patients. Conclusions: Patients with schizophrenia have abnormal resting-state EEG power across multiple frequency bands; gamma-band abnormalities were selectively and negatively associated with impairments in Verbal Learning. Resting-state gamma-band EEG power may be useful for understanding the pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction and developing novel therapeutics in schizophrenia patients.

  • abnormal spontaneous gamma power is associated with Verbal Learning and memory dysfunction in schizophrenia
    Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020
    Co-Authors: Yash B Joshi, Juan L Molina, Joyce Sprock, Kumiko Tanakakoshiyama, Daisuke Koshiyama, Makoto Miyakoshi, David L Braff
    Abstract:

    Author(s): Tanaka-Koshiyama, Kumiko; Koshiyama, Daisuke; Miyakoshi, Makoto; Joshi, Yash B; Molina, Juan L; Sprock, Joyce; Braff, David L; Light, Gregory A | Abstract: BackgroundSchizophrenia patients exhibit cognitive deficits across multiple domains, including Verbal memory, working memory, and executive function, which substantially contribute to psychosocial disability. Gamma oscillations are associated with a wide range of cognitive operations, and are important for cortico-cortical transmission and the integration of information across neural networks. While previous reports have shown that schizophrenia patients have selective impairments in the ability to support gamma oscillations in response to 40-Hz auditory stimulation, it is unclear if patients show abnormalities in gamma power at rest, or whether resting-state activity in other frequency bands is associated with cognitive functioning in schizophrenia patients.MethodsResting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) was assessed over 3 min in 145 healthy comparison subjects and 157 schizophrenia patients. Single-word reading ability was measured via the reading subtest of the Wide Range Achievement Test-3 (WRAT). Auditory attention and working memory were evaluated using Letter-Number Span and Letter-Number Sequencing. Executive function was assessed via perseverative responses on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Verbal Learning performance was measured using the California Verbal Learning Test second edition (CVLT-II).ResultsSchizophrenia patients showed normal levels of delta-band power but abnormally elevated EEG power in theta, alpha, beta, and gamma bands. An exploratory correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation of gamma-band power and Verbal Learning performance in schizophrenia patients.ConclusionsPatients with schizophrenia have abnormal resting-state EEG power across multiple frequency bands; gamma-band abnormalities were selectively and negatively associated with impairments in Verbal Learning. Resting-state gamma-band EEG power may be useful for understanding the pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction and developing novel therapeutics in schizophrenia patients.

Dean C. Delis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • identification of subtle Verbal memory deficits in premanifest huntington disease using the california Verbal Learning test
    Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Heather M Holden, Dean C. Delis, Steven Paul Woods, Savanna M Tierney, Lisa V Graves, Ilex Beltrannajera, Chase Snell, Jody Coreybloom, Paul E Gilbert
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND Verbal memory impairment in individuals with Huntington disease (HD) is well-documented; however, the nature and extent of Verbal memory impairment in individuals with premanifest HD (pre-HD) are less understood. OBJECTIVE To evaluate Verbal memory function in individuals with pre-HD by comparing their performance on the California Verbal Learning Test to that of individuals with a clinical diagnosis of HD and that of a demographically similar group of adults with no family history of, or genetic risk for, HD, thereby reducing possible complications of psychiatric difficulties commonly experienced by individuals who are at risk for HD but are gene negative. METHODS Participant groups included 77 adults with a diagnosis of HD, 23 premanifest gene carriers for HD (pre-HD), and 54 demographically similar, healthy adults. The California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition (CVLT-II) was used to evaluate the participants' immediate and delayed recall, recognition, Learning characteristics, errors, and memory retention. RESULTS The pre-HD group performed significantly worse than the healthy group, yet significantly better than the HD group, on Short and Long Delay Recall (Free and Cued) and Recognition Discriminability. On Total Immediate Recall, Learning Slope, Semantic Clustering, and Intrusions, the pre-HD group performed similarly to the healthy group and significantly better than the HD group. None of the groups differed in their performance on Repetitions and a measure of retention. CONCLUSIONS Subtle memory deficits can be observed during the premanifest stage of HD with use of a subset of indices from the CVLT-II.

  • nondependent stimulant users of cocaine and prescription amphetamines show Verbal Learning and memory deficits
    Biological Psychiatry, 2010
    Co-Authors: Dean C. Delis, Martina Reske, Carolyn A Eidt, Martin P Paulus
    Abstract:

    Background Stimulants are used increasingly to enhance social (cocaine) or cognitive performance (stimulants normally prescribed, prescription stimulants [e.g., methylphenidate, amphetamines]). Chronic use, by contrast, has been associated with significant Verbal memory and Learning deficits. This study sought to determine whether subtle Learning and memory problems characterize individuals who exhibit occasional but not chronic use of stimulants. Methods One hundred fifty-four young (age 18–25), occasional, nondependent stimulant users and 48 stimulant-naive comparison subjects performed the California Verbal Learning Test II. Lifetime uses of stimulants and co-use of marijuana were considered in correlation and median split analyses. Results Compared with stimulant-naive subjects, occasional stimulant users showed significant performance deficits, most pronounced in the Verbal recall and recognition domains. Lifetime uses of stimulants and marijuana did not affect California Verbal Learning Test II performance. The type of stimulant used, however, was of major relevance: users of cocaine only were less impaired, whereas cumulative use of prescription stimulants was associated with impaired Verbal Learning and memory capacities. Conclusions These results support the hypothesis of subtle and possibly pre-existing neurocognitive deficiencies in occasional users of stimulants, which might be related to the motivation for using these drugs. More importantly, despite beneficial short-term effects, cumulative use, particularly of prescription amphetamines and methylphenidate, intensifies these deficits.

  • Verbal Learning and memory in children with fetal alcohol syndrome
    Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 1996
    Co-Authors: Sarah N Mattson, Dean C. Delis, Edward P Riley, Catherine Stern, Kenneth L Jones
    Abstract:

    Children with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) were administered the California Verbal Learning Test-Children's Version, a word list leaming task that assesses immediate and delayed recall and recognition memory. When compared with matched control children, the chlldren with FAS had difficulty Learning and recalling the words after a delay period and tended to make an increased number of intrusion and perseverative errors. In addition, they had difficulty discriminating target words from distracter words and made more false-positive errors on recognition testing. Some of these deficits persisted even when mental age was controlled. The results suggest that children with FAS have profound Verbal Learning and memory deficits, and that some of these deficits cannot be accounted for even when mental age is considered. Furthermore, the results are consistent with deficits in encoding Verbal information and impairment in response inhibition capabilities.

  • Verbal Learning and memory following pediatric closed head injury
    Journal of The International Neuropsychological Society, 1995
    Co-Authors: Keith Owen Yeates, Elliot Blumenstein, Carolyn M Patterson, Dean C. Delis
    Abstract:

    In this study, Verbal Learning and memory following pediatric closed-head injuries (CHI) using the children's version of the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT). Participants included 47 children, ages 5–16 yr, with a history of CHI, and 47 matched, noninjured controls. Children with CHI performed more poorly than controls on the CVLT, although their deficits varied qualitatively as a function of injury severity. Those with mild/moderate injuries performed as well as controls on Learning trials, but they recalled proportionally fewer words after a delay (although their recognition was intact). Severely injured children demonstrated deficits in Learning, delayed recall, and recognition, compared to controls. The groups did not differ in Learning characteristics, but children with severe CHI exhibited more intrusions than controls. Pediatric CHI are associated with specific disturbances in Verbal Learning and memory similar to those of adults with CHI but different from those of children with other developmental and neurological disorders. JINS , 1995, I , 78–87.)

  • Alternate form of the california Verbal Learning test: Development and reliability
    Clinical Neuropsychologist, 1991
    Co-Authors: Dean C. Delis, Joel H. Kramer, Edith Kaplan, Paul J Massman, Richard D. Mckee, Dennis Gettman
    Abstract:

    Abstract An alternate form of the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) was developed and compared with the original form. The two CVLT forms yielded equivalent mean scores for all 19 Learning and memory variables analyzed. No significant practice effects were found regardless of the order of administration of the two forms. The two forms yielded almost identical relationships between overall memory performance and age and education. Sixteen of the CVLT variables resulted in significant alternate form reliability coefficients. The coefficients for the traditional recall measures of the CVLT were particularly robust and higher than those reported for other, commonly used clinical memory tests.

Robert K. Heaton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • demographically corrected norms for the california Verbal Learning test
    Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Marc A Norman, Jovier D Evans, Walden S Miller, Robert K. Heaton
    Abstract:

    The California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) is designed to quantify components of Verbal Learning, retention and retrieval. The present study used multiple regression analyses to correct for demographic characteristics on CVLT performance measures. There were 906 subjects, of whom 549 were Caucasians (61%) and 357 were African Americans (39%). Age, education, ethnicity, and gender were found to be significant predictors of performance on several CVLT indices, including Total Words Recalled, Trial 1, Trial 5, List B, Short Delay Free Recall (SDFR), and Long Delay Free Recall (LDFR). Demographically corrected T-scores were calculated for a base sample of 672 subjects and cross-validated on 234 separate subjects. Tables and regression equations are offered to convert raw scores into T-scores corrected for age, gender, education, and ethnicity. Demographically corrected Recognition Discriminability cutoff scores were calculated for age and education levels. In order to provide some indices of important memory ...

  • demographically corrected norms for the california Verbal Learning test
    Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Marc A Norman, Jovier D Evans, Walden S Miller, Robert K. Heaton
    Abstract:

    The California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) is designed to quantify components of Verbal Learning, retention and retrieval. The present study used multiple regression analyses to correct for demographic characteristics on CVLT performance measures. There were 906 subjects, of whom 549 were Caucasians (61%) and 357 were African Americans (39%). Age, education, ethnicity, and gender were found to be significant predictors of performance on several CVLT indices, including Total Words Recalled, Trial 1, Trial 5, List B, Short Delay Free Recall (SDFR), and Long Delay Free Recall (LDFR). Demographically corrected T-scores were calculated for a base sample of 672 subjects and cross-validated on 234 separate subjects. Tables and regression equations are offered to convert raw scores into T-scores corrected for age, gender, education, and ethnicity. Demographically corrected Recognition Discriminability cutoff scores were calculated for age and education levels. In order to provide some indices of important memory processes, we also computed indices of retrieval, Short-Delay forgetting and Long-Delay forgetting and present normative information for them.

Yash B Joshi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • abnormal spontaneous gamma power is associated with Verbal Learning and memory dysfunction in schizophrenia
    Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020
    Co-Authors: Yash B Joshi, Juan L Molina, Joyce Sprock, Kumiko Tanakakoshiyama, Daisuke Koshiyama, Makoto Miyakoshi, David L Braff
    Abstract:

    Author(s): Tanaka-Koshiyama, Kumiko; Koshiyama, Daisuke; Miyakoshi, Makoto; Joshi, Yash B; Molina, Juan L; Sprock, Joyce; Braff, David L; Light, Gregory A | Abstract: BackgroundSchizophrenia patients exhibit cognitive deficits across multiple domains, including Verbal memory, working memory, and executive function, which substantially contribute to psychosocial disability. Gamma oscillations are associated with a wide range of cognitive operations, and are important for cortico-cortical transmission and the integration of information across neural networks. While previous reports have shown that schizophrenia patients have selective impairments in the ability to support gamma oscillations in response to 40-Hz auditory stimulation, it is unclear if patients show abnormalities in gamma power at rest, or whether resting-state activity in other frequency bands is associated with cognitive functioning in schizophrenia patients.MethodsResting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) was assessed over 3 min in 145 healthy comparison subjects and 157 schizophrenia patients. Single-word reading ability was measured via the reading subtest of the Wide Range Achievement Test-3 (WRAT). Auditory attention and working memory were evaluated using Letter-Number Span and Letter-Number Sequencing. Executive function was assessed via perseverative responses on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Verbal Learning performance was measured using the California Verbal Learning Test second edition (CVLT-II).ResultsSchizophrenia patients showed normal levels of delta-band power but abnormally elevated EEG power in theta, alpha, beta, and gamma bands. An exploratory correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation of gamma-band power and Verbal Learning performance in schizophrenia patients.ConclusionsPatients with schizophrenia have abnormal resting-state EEG power across multiple frequency bands; gamma-band abnormalities were selectively and negatively associated with impairments in Verbal Learning. Resting-state gamma-band EEG power may be useful for understanding the pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction and developing novel therapeutics in schizophrenia patients.

  • abnormal spontaneous gamma power is associated with Verbal Learning and memory dysfunction in schizophrenia
    Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020
    Co-Authors: Yash B Joshi, Juan L Molina, Joyce Sprock, Kumiko Tanakakoshiyama, Daisuke Koshiyama, Makoto Miyakoshi, David L Braff, Gregory A Light
    Abstract:

    Background: Schizophrenia patients exhibit cognitive deficits across multiple domains, including Verbal memory, working memory and executive function, which substantially contribute to psychosocial disability. Gamma oscillations are associated with a wide range of cognitive operations, and are important for cortico-cortical transmission and the integration of information across neural networks. While previous reports have shown that schizophrenia patients have selective impairments in the ability to support gamma oscillations in response to 40-Hz auditory stimulation, it is unclear if patients show abnormalities in gamma power at rest or whether resting-state activity in other frequency bands is associated with cognitive functioning in schizophrenia patients. Methods: Resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) was assessed over 3 minutes in 145 healthy comparison subjects and 157 schizophrenia patients. Single-word reading ability was measured via the Reading subtest of the Wide Range Achievement Test-3 (WRAT). Auditory attention and working memory were evaluated using Letter-Number Span and Letter-Number Sequencing. Executive function was assessed via perseverative responses on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Verbal Learning performance was measured using the California Verbal Learning Test second edition (CVLT-II). Results: Schizophrenia patients showed normal levels of delta-band power but abnormally elevated EEG power in theta, alpha, beta and gamma bands. An exploratory correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation of gamma-band power and Verbal Learning performance in schizophrenia patients. Conclusions: Patients with schizophrenia have abnormal resting-state EEG power across multiple frequency bands; gamma-band abnormalities were selectively and negatively associated with impairments in Verbal Learning. Resting-state gamma-band EEG power may be useful for understanding the pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction and developing novel therapeutics in schizophrenia patients.

  • Verbal Learning deficits associated with increased anticholinergic burden are attenuated with targeted cognitive training in treatment refractory schizophrenia patients
    Schizophrenia Research, 2019
    Co-Authors: Yash B Joshi, Michael L Thomas, William C Hochberger, Andrew W Bismark, Emily B H Treichler, Juan L Molina, John Nungaray, Lauren Cardoso, Joyce Sprock, Neal R Swerdlow
    Abstract:

    Targeted cognitive training (TCT) has been reported to improve Verbal Learning deficits in patients with schizophrenia (SZ). Despite positive findings, it is not clear whether demographic factors and clinical characteristics contribute to the success of TCT on an individual basis. Medication-associated anticholinergic burden has been shown to impact TCT-associated Verbal Learning gains in SZ outpatients, but the role of anticholinergic medication burden on TCT gains in treatment refractory SZ patients has not been described. In this study, SZ patients mandated to a locked residential rehabilitation center were randomized to treatment as usual (TAU; n=22) or a course of TAU augmented with TCT (n=24). Anticholinergic medication burden was calculated from medication data at baseline and follow-up using the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden (ACB) Scale. MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery Verbal Learning domain scores were used as the primary outcome variable. The TAU and TCT groups were matched in ACB at baseline and follow-up. While baseline ACB was not associated with Verbal Learning in either group, increases in ACB over the course of the study were significantly associated with deterioration of Verbal Learning in the TAU group (r=-0.51, p=0.02). This was not seen in subjects randomized to TCT (r=-0.13, p=0.62). Our results suggest that TCT may blunt anticholinergic medication burden associated reduction in Verbal Learning in severely disabled SZ inpatients.

David L Braff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • abnormal spontaneous gamma power is associated with Verbal Learning and memory dysfunction in schizophrenia
    Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020
    Co-Authors: Yash B Joshi, Juan L Molina, Joyce Sprock, Kumiko Tanakakoshiyama, Daisuke Koshiyama, Makoto Miyakoshi, David L Braff, Gregory A Light
    Abstract:

    Background: Schizophrenia patients exhibit cognitive deficits across multiple domains, including Verbal memory, working memory and executive function, which substantially contribute to psychosocial disability. Gamma oscillations are associated with a wide range of cognitive operations, and are important for cortico-cortical transmission and the integration of information across neural networks. While previous reports have shown that schizophrenia patients have selective impairments in the ability to support gamma oscillations in response to 40-Hz auditory stimulation, it is unclear if patients show abnormalities in gamma power at rest or whether resting-state activity in other frequency bands is associated with cognitive functioning in schizophrenia patients. Methods: Resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) was assessed over 3 minutes in 145 healthy comparison subjects and 157 schizophrenia patients. Single-word reading ability was measured via the Reading subtest of the Wide Range Achievement Test-3 (WRAT). Auditory attention and working memory were evaluated using Letter-Number Span and Letter-Number Sequencing. Executive function was assessed via perseverative responses on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Verbal Learning performance was measured using the California Verbal Learning Test second edition (CVLT-II). Results: Schizophrenia patients showed normal levels of delta-band power but abnormally elevated EEG power in theta, alpha, beta and gamma bands. An exploratory correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation of gamma-band power and Verbal Learning performance in schizophrenia patients. Conclusions: Patients with schizophrenia have abnormal resting-state EEG power across multiple frequency bands; gamma-band abnormalities were selectively and negatively associated with impairments in Verbal Learning. Resting-state gamma-band EEG power may be useful for understanding the pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction and developing novel therapeutics in schizophrenia patients.

  • abnormal spontaneous gamma power is associated with Verbal Learning and memory dysfunction in schizophrenia
    Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2020
    Co-Authors: Yash B Joshi, Juan L Molina, Joyce Sprock, Kumiko Tanakakoshiyama, Daisuke Koshiyama, Makoto Miyakoshi, David L Braff
    Abstract:

    Author(s): Tanaka-Koshiyama, Kumiko; Koshiyama, Daisuke; Miyakoshi, Makoto; Joshi, Yash B; Molina, Juan L; Sprock, Joyce; Braff, David L; Light, Gregory A | Abstract: BackgroundSchizophrenia patients exhibit cognitive deficits across multiple domains, including Verbal memory, working memory, and executive function, which substantially contribute to psychosocial disability. Gamma oscillations are associated with a wide range of cognitive operations, and are important for cortico-cortical transmission and the integration of information across neural networks. While previous reports have shown that schizophrenia patients have selective impairments in the ability to support gamma oscillations in response to 40-Hz auditory stimulation, it is unclear if patients show abnormalities in gamma power at rest, or whether resting-state activity in other frequency bands is associated with cognitive functioning in schizophrenia patients.MethodsResting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) was assessed over 3 min in 145 healthy comparison subjects and 157 schizophrenia patients. Single-word reading ability was measured via the reading subtest of the Wide Range Achievement Test-3 (WRAT). Auditory attention and working memory were evaluated using Letter-Number Span and Letter-Number Sequencing. Executive function was assessed via perseverative responses on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Verbal Learning performance was measured using the California Verbal Learning Test second edition (CVLT-II).ResultsSchizophrenia patients showed normal levels of delta-band power but abnormally elevated EEG power in theta, alpha, beta, and gamma bands. An exploratory correlation analysis showed a significant negative correlation of gamma-band power and Verbal Learning performance in schizophrenia patients.ConclusionsPatients with schizophrenia have abnormal resting-state EEG power across multiple frequency bands; gamma-band abnormalities were selectively and negatively associated with impairments in Verbal Learning. Resting-state gamma-band EEG power may be useful for understanding the pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction and developing novel therapeutics in schizophrenia patients.