The Experts below are selected from a list of 3636 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
José J. Pazos-arias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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IOV - Vehicular Fog Computing on Top of a Virtualization Layer
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2018Co-Authors: Esteban F. Ordonez-morales, Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Efren Patricio Reinoso-mendoza, José J. Pazos-ariasAbstract:This paper presents a networking architecture that brings the principles of fog computing to the realm of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), by systematizing the use of one or more end-user clients or near-user edge devices to carry out tasks on behalf of others. The proposal is grounded on a Virtualization Layer and specific routing algorithms, adding new constructs and protocols to orchestrate the allocation of tasks and the sharing of resources. This proposal solves persistent problems of previous approaches to mobile augmentation in VANETs, which require the nodes offering their resources to stay close to the ones that would use them transiently. The advantages are proved by simulations of an application of collaborative mapping and navigation, in which the vehicles in a city share storage, computing and communication resources to distribute the tasks of (i) downloading, storing and sharing chunks of maps from a server, and (ii) computing routes to the intended destinations.
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IWCMC - Mobile data offloading in urban VANETs on top of a Virtualization Layer
2015 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2015Co-Authors: Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Jose Victor Saians-vazquez, José J. Pazos-ariasAbstract:The growth of mobile data traffic is urging on the development of mechanisms to route cellular traffic through alternative networks. In this paper, we present an approach to do mobile data offloading from/to vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), grounded on a Virtualization Layer and a new routing protocol on top of it. The Virtualization Layer deals with the issues derived from the mobility of the vehicles, offering the view of a network of stationary virtual nodes. In turn, the routing protocol puts forward a new combination of topological and geographical routing, which can consistently achieve better performance than state-of-the-art approaches to VANET routing in simulations of urban scenarios with different vehicle densities.
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VaNetLayer: A Virtualization Layer supporting access to web contents from within vehicular networks
Journal of Computational Science, 2015Co-Authors: Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, José J. Pazos-arias, Esteban F. Ordonez-moralesAbstract:Abstract Many information services envisaged for the future of vehicle communications rely on the wired Internet infrastructure to download content from remote servers, and then on peer-to-peer, opportunistic networking to deliver the content to the pertinent nodes. We present an approach to support individualized access to web contents from vehicular ad hoc networks, based on a Virtualization Layer that engages the mobile nodes in collaboration to emulate a reliable infrastructure of stationary virtual nodes . We prove by simulation experiments that this approach achieves better performance than reference works in the literature.
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An improved Virtualization Layer to support distribution of multimedia contents in pervasive social applications
Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2015Co-Authors: Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, José J. Pazos-arias, Manuel Ramos-cabrer, Alberto Gil-sollaAbstract:Abstract Pervasive social computing is a new paradigm of computer science that aims to facilitate the realization of activities in whichever context, with the aid of information devices and considering social relations between users. This vision requires means to support the shared experiences by harnessing the communication and computing capabilities of the connected devices, relying on direct or hop-by-hop communications among people who happen to be close to each other. In this paper, we present an approach to turn mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) into stable communication environments for pervasive social applications. The proposal is based on an evolution of the VNLayer, a Virtualization Layer that defined procedures for mobile devices to collaboratively emulate an infrastructure of stationary virtual nodes. We refine the VNLayer procedures and introduce new ones to increase the reliability and the responsiveness of the virtual nodes, which serves to boost the performance of routing with a virtualized version of the well-known AODV algorithm. We prove the advantages of the resulting routing scheme by means of simulation experiments and measurements on a real deployment of an application for immersive and collective learning about History in museums and their surroundings.
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VTC Spring - An Efficient Combination of Topological and Geographical Routing for VANETs on Top of a Virtualization Layer
2015 IEEE 81st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), 2015Co-Authors: Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Jose Victor Saians-vazquez, José J. Pazos-ariasAbstract:Intersection-based geographical routing algorithms have become predominant in the realm of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), with forwarding strategies that create road-based paths a way to avoid dead ends and to prevent losses due to the presence of buildings. However, there remain problems associated to the location service that must be in place to provide accurate location data of the destination nodes. In this paper, we present a new routing algorithm called VNIBR that puts forward an efficient combination of topological and geographical routing, getting rid of the location service. This algorithm is based on a Virtualization Layer that allows decoupling routing logic from node identities in a radically different way. We prove by means of simulations that VNIBR consistently ensures moderate overhead and good packet delivery ratios in comparison with state-of-the-art approaches to VANET routing in urban scenarios with different vehicle densities.
Jack F. Bravo-torres - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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VaNetChain: A Framework for Trustworthy Exchanges of Information in VANETs Based on Blockchain and a Virtualization Layer
Applied Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Paul E. Vintimilla-tapia, Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Esteban F. Ordonez-morales, Pablo L. Gallegos-segovia, Manuel Ramos-cabrerAbstract:Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) face challenges related to the reliability of the data exchanged and the unstability of the communication links. These shortcomings have hampered the development of the long-awaited applications that would turn roads into a smart environment. We present a framework to deploy such services, in which a Virtualization Layer ensures means to efficiently deliver messages between vehicles and roadside units (RSUs) and, on top of that, blockchain technology is used to enable features of data integrity, traceability, and reliability that cannot be furnished by existing consensus and reputation mechanisms. A simulation experiment is included to determine the optimal number of RSUs to be installed as supporting infrastructure in a city.
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IOV - Vehicular Fog Computing on Top of a Virtualization Layer
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2018Co-Authors: Esteban F. Ordonez-morales, Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Efren Patricio Reinoso-mendoza, José J. Pazos-ariasAbstract:This paper presents a networking architecture that brings the principles of fog computing to the realm of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), by systematizing the use of one or more end-user clients or near-user edge devices to carry out tasks on behalf of others. The proposal is grounded on a Virtualization Layer and specific routing algorithms, adding new constructs and protocols to orchestrate the allocation of tasks and the sharing of resources. This proposal solves persistent problems of previous approaches to mobile augmentation in VANETs, which require the nodes offering their resources to stay close to the ones that would use them transiently. The advantages are proved by simulations of an application of collaborative mapping and navigation, in which the vehicles in a city share storage, computing and communication resources to distribute the tasks of (i) downloading, storing and sharing chunks of maps from a server, and (ii) computing routes to the intended destinations.
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Variations on intersection-based routing on top of a Virtualization Layer for vehicular ad-hoc networks
2016 Sixth International Conference on Innovative Computing Technology (INTECH), 2016Co-Authors: Jose Victor Saians-vazquez, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Martín López-nores, Esteban F. Ordonez-morales, Jack F. Bravo-torresAbstract:Many routing algorithms for vehicular ad-hoc networks have relied on geographic forwarding as a means to reduce the paths' sensitivity to individual vehicle movements. In recent years, the basic forwarding strategies have been refined to create road-based paths, connecting successive road intersections selected on the basis of the connectivity between them. Revisiting this idea, we present three different flavors of a new algorithm called VNIBR (Intersection-Based Routing on Virtual Nodes): reactive, proactive and encounter-based. These variations can achieve better performance than state-of-the-art routing algorithms by relying on a Virtualization Layer that transparently deals with the problems of mobility. We analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the new algorithms by means of simulations in urban scenarios with different vehicle densities, looking at overhead, packet delivery ratios and end-to-end delays.
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IWCMC - Mobile data offloading in urban VANETs on top of a Virtualization Layer
2015 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2015Co-Authors: Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Jose Victor Saians-vazquez, José J. Pazos-ariasAbstract:The growth of mobile data traffic is urging on the development of mechanisms to route cellular traffic through alternative networks. In this paper, we present an approach to do mobile data offloading from/to vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), grounded on a Virtualization Layer and a new routing protocol on top of it. The Virtualization Layer deals with the issues derived from the mobility of the vehicles, offering the view of a network of stationary virtual nodes. In turn, the routing protocol puts forward a new combination of topological and geographical routing, which can consistently achieve better performance than state-of-the-art approaches to VANET routing in simulations of urban scenarios with different vehicle densities.
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VaNetLayer: A Virtualization Layer supporting access to web contents from within vehicular networks
Journal of Computational Science, 2015Co-Authors: Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, José J. Pazos-arias, Esteban F. Ordonez-moralesAbstract:Abstract Many information services envisaged for the future of vehicle communications rely on the wired Internet infrastructure to download content from remote servers, and then on peer-to-peer, opportunistic networking to deliver the content to the pertinent nodes. We present an approach to support individualized access to web contents from vehicular ad hoc networks, based on a Virtualization Layer that engages the mobile nodes in collaboration to emulate a reliable infrastructure of stationary virtual nodes . We prove by simulation experiments that this approach achieves better performance than reference works in the literature.
Tatsuo Nakajima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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using virtual cpu migration to solve the lock holder preemption problem in a multicore processor based Virtualization Layer for embedded systems
Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications, 2012Co-Authors: Hitoshi Mitake, Hiromasa Shimada, Yuki Kinebuchi, Tsunghan Lin, Tatsuo NakajimaAbstract:When a real-time OS (RTOS) and a symmetric multiprocessing general purpose OS (SMP GPOS) are executed on the same multicore processor, there is a possibility to cause the lock holder preemption (LHP) problem, which is a well known problem of the sources of the performance degradation on an SMP GPOS. The problem occurs when a kernel mode thread holding a lock in a SMP GPOS is preempted by other OSes if these OSes share the same physical core. The existing solution does not take into account real-time responsiveness so it is not suitable to use in embedded systems. The paper proposes two new techniques to avoid the LHP problem for ensuring both the real-time responsiveness of real-time OS and the high throughput of SMP GPOS. The new proposed techniques have been implemented on our Virtualization Layer called SPUMONE, and we measured the results showing that the proposed new techniques reduce the LHP problem without degrading the real-time responsiveness.
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a light weighted Virtualization Layer for multicore processor based rich functional embedded systems
International Symposium on Object Component Service-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing, 2012Co-Authors: Yuki Kinebuchi, Hiromasa Shimada, Hitoshi Mitake, Tsunghan Lin, Tatsuo NakajimaAbstract:In this paper, we introduce a lightweight processor abstraction Layer named SPUMONE. SPUMONE provides virtual CPUs for respective guest OSes, and schedules them according to their priorities. In a typical case, SPUMONE schedules Linux with a low priority and an RTOS with a high priority. We first discuss why the traditional virtual machine monitor design is not appropriate for embedded systems, and how the features of SPUMONE allow us to design modern complex embedded systems with less efforts. Then, we describe two features of SPUMONE for the real-time resource management. SPUMONE also offers a novel mechanism to protect a critical component from malicious programs injected into the GPOS kernel.
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RTCSA - Using Virtual CPU Migration to Solve the Lock Holder Preemption Problem in a Multicore Processor-Based Virtualization Layer for Embedded Systems
2012 IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications, 2012Co-Authors: Hitoshi Mitake, Hiromasa Shimada, Yuki Kinebuchi, Tsunghan Lin, Tatsuo NakajimaAbstract:When a real-time OS (RTOS) and a symmetric multiprocessing general purpose OS (SMP GPOS) are executed on the same multicore processor, there is a possibility to cause the lock holder preemption (LHP) problem, which is a well known problem of the sources of the performance degradation on an SMP GPOS. The problem occurs when a kernel mode thread holding a lock in a SMP GPOS is preempted by other OSes if these OSes share the same physical core. The existing solution does not take into account real-time responsiveness so it is not suitable to use in embedded systems. The paper proposes two new techniques to avoid the LHP problem for ensuring both the real-time responsiveness of real-time OS and the high throughput of SMP GPOS. The new proposed techniques have been implemented on our Virtualization Layer called SPUMONE, and we measured the results showing that the proposed new techniques reduce the LHP problem without degrading the real-time responsiveness.
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RTCSA (2) - Enhancing Security of Embedded Linux on a Multi-core Processor
2011 IEEE 17th International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications, 2011Co-Authors: Yuki Kinebuchi, Tatsuo NakajimaAbstract:While recent embedded systems start to own more and more functionalities, security requirements become more and more important. In this paper we propose an approach to enhance the security of embedded systems. In this approach SPUMONE, a thin Virtualization Layer, is selected to build a multi-OS environment for its low overhead. Xv6 runs as trusted OS for executing the monitoring service that detects the violation of the integrity of the Linux kernel while Linux as a general purpose OS. The monitoring service checks whether Linux is compromised or not. A secure pager that offers the spatial isolation based on the core-local memory is proposed to protect the integrity of the xv6 kernel located in the main memory, which can make Linux and xv6 run in high security level.
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coexisting real time os and general purpose os on an embedded Virtualization Layer for a multicore processor
ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, 2011Co-Authors: Hitoshi Mitake, Alexandre Courbot, Yuki Kinebuchi, Tatsuo NakajimaAbstract:Porting operating systems to a Virtualization Layer produces a semantic gap because the assumptions that guest OSes rely on may not be ensured. On multi-core environments, this gap can cause the fatal performance degradations. The lock holder preemption (LHP) problem is a well known example of the sources of the performance degradation. It occurs when a thread holding a spin lock in an OS kernel is preempted by other OS kernels. Some previous proposals can avoid this problem, but none of them cares about the real-time responsiveness of guest OSes. Therefore the approaches are not suitable for embedded systems. We have developed a new technique for avoiding the LHP problem. The approach can ensure both the real-time responsiveness of RTOS and the high throughput of GPOS that supports shared memory multi-processors. This paper introduces the basic approach of our new technique and its experimental results. The results show that our new technique can make RTOS and GPOS coexist without degrading the real-time latency and is suitable to be applied to modern high performance multi-core processor based real-time embedded systems.
Martín López-nores - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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VaNetChain: A Framework for Trustworthy Exchanges of Information in VANETs Based on Blockchain and a Virtualization Layer
Applied Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Paul E. Vintimilla-tapia, Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Esteban F. Ordonez-morales, Pablo L. Gallegos-segovia, Manuel Ramos-cabrerAbstract:Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) face challenges related to the reliability of the data exchanged and the unstability of the communication links. These shortcomings have hampered the development of the long-awaited applications that would turn roads into a smart environment. We present a framework to deploy such services, in which a Virtualization Layer ensures means to efficiently deliver messages between vehicles and roadside units (RSUs) and, on top of that, blockchain technology is used to enable features of data integrity, traceability, and reliability that cannot be furnished by existing consensus and reputation mechanisms. A simulation experiment is included to determine the optimal number of RSUs to be installed as supporting infrastructure in a city.
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IOV - Vehicular Fog Computing on Top of a Virtualization Layer
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2018Co-Authors: Esteban F. Ordonez-morales, Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Efren Patricio Reinoso-mendoza, José J. Pazos-ariasAbstract:This paper presents a networking architecture that brings the principles of fog computing to the realm of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), by systematizing the use of one or more end-user clients or near-user edge devices to carry out tasks on behalf of others. The proposal is grounded on a Virtualization Layer and specific routing algorithms, adding new constructs and protocols to orchestrate the allocation of tasks and the sharing of resources. This proposal solves persistent problems of previous approaches to mobile augmentation in VANETs, which require the nodes offering their resources to stay close to the ones that would use them transiently. The advantages are proved by simulations of an application of collaborative mapping and navigation, in which the vehicles in a city share storage, computing and communication resources to distribute the tasks of (i) downloading, storing and sharing chunks of maps from a server, and (ii) computing routes to the intended destinations.
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Efficient and viable intersection-based routing in VANETs on top of a Virtualization Layer
Annals of Telecommunications, 2018Co-Authors: Jose Victor Saians-vazquez, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Esteban Fernando Ordóñez-morales, Jack Fernando Bravo-torres, José Juan Pazos-ariasAbstract:Recent vehicular ad hoc network routing protocols have relied on geographic forwarding and careful selection of road segments as ways to reduce the impact of individual vehicle movements. This paper shows how a Virtualization Layer and a new protocol running on top of it —called VNIBR, intersection-based routing on virtual nodes —can achieve better performance than state-of-the-art approaches, enabling an efficient and computationally feasible combination of topological and geographical routing. We prove by means of network simulations that this proposal consistently ensures moderate overhead, good packet delivery ratios, and low end-to-end delays, whereas the other protocols exhibit weaknesses due to flooding processes that scale poorly, proactive routing burdens or costly location services. We also present the results of graphics processing unit profiling used to assess the computational feasibility of the different schemes in the context of a real on-board computer, which reveals new advantages about scalability and impact of computational shortages on the routing performance.
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Variations on intersection-based routing on top of a Virtualization Layer for vehicular ad-hoc networks
2016 Sixth International Conference on Innovative Computing Technology (INTECH), 2016Co-Authors: Jose Victor Saians-vazquez, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Martín López-nores, Esteban F. Ordonez-morales, Jack F. Bravo-torresAbstract:Many routing algorithms for vehicular ad-hoc networks have relied on geographic forwarding as a means to reduce the paths' sensitivity to individual vehicle movements. In recent years, the basic forwarding strategies have been refined to create road-based paths, connecting successive road intersections selected on the basis of the connectivity between them. Revisiting this idea, we present three different flavors of a new algorithm called VNIBR (Intersection-Based Routing on Virtual Nodes): reactive, proactive and encounter-based. These variations can achieve better performance than state-of-the-art routing algorithms by relying on a Virtualization Layer that transparently deals with the problems of mobility. We analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the new algorithms by means of simulations in urban scenarios with different vehicle densities, looking at overhead, packet delivery ratios and end-to-end delays.
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IWCMC - Mobile data offloading in urban VANETs on top of a Virtualization Layer
2015 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2015Co-Authors: Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Jose Victor Saians-vazquez, José J. Pazos-ariasAbstract:The growth of mobile data traffic is urging on the development of mechanisms to route cellular traffic through alternative networks. In this paper, we present an approach to do mobile data offloading from/to vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), grounded on a Virtualization Layer and a new routing protocol on top of it. The Virtualization Layer deals with the issues derived from the mobility of the vehicles, offering the view of a network of stationary virtual nodes. In turn, the routing protocol puts forward a new combination of topological and geographical routing, which can consistently achieve better performance than state-of-the-art approaches to VANET routing in simulations of urban scenarios with different vehicle densities.
Yolanda Blanco-fernández - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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IOV - Vehicular Fog Computing on Top of a Virtualization Layer
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2018Co-Authors: Esteban F. Ordonez-morales, Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Efren Patricio Reinoso-mendoza, José J. Pazos-ariasAbstract:This paper presents a networking architecture that brings the principles of fog computing to the realm of vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), by systematizing the use of one or more end-user clients or near-user edge devices to carry out tasks on behalf of others. The proposal is grounded on a Virtualization Layer and specific routing algorithms, adding new constructs and protocols to orchestrate the allocation of tasks and the sharing of resources. This proposal solves persistent problems of previous approaches to mobile augmentation in VANETs, which require the nodes offering their resources to stay close to the ones that would use them transiently. The advantages are proved by simulations of an application of collaborative mapping and navigation, in which the vehicles in a city share storage, computing and communication resources to distribute the tasks of (i) downloading, storing and sharing chunks of maps from a server, and (ii) computing routes to the intended destinations.
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Efficient and viable intersection-based routing in VANETs on top of a Virtualization Layer
Annals of Telecommunications, 2018Co-Authors: Jose Victor Saians-vazquez, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Esteban Fernando Ordóñez-morales, Jack Fernando Bravo-torres, José Juan Pazos-ariasAbstract:Recent vehicular ad hoc network routing protocols have relied on geographic forwarding and careful selection of road segments as ways to reduce the impact of individual vehicle movements. This paper shows how a Virtualization Layer and a new protocol running on top of it —called VNIBR, intersection-based routing on virtual nodes —can achieve better performance than state-of-the-art approaches, enabling an efficient and computationally feasible combination of topological and geographical routing. We prove by means of network simulations that this proposal consistently ensures moderate overhead, good packet delivery ratios, and low end-to-end delays, whereas the other protocols exhibit weaknesses due to flooding processes that scale poorly, proactive routing burdens or costly location services. We also present the results of graphics processing unit profiling used to assess the computational feasibility of the different schemes in the context of a real on-board computer, which reveals new advantages about scalability and impact of computational shortages on the routing performance.
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Variations on intersection-based routing on top of a Virtualization Layer for vehicular ad-hoc networks
2016 Sixth International Conference on Innovative Computing Technology (INTECH), 2016Co-Authors: Jose Victor Saians-vazquez, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Martín López-nores, Esteban F. Ordonez-morales, Jack F. Bravo-torresAbstract:Many routing algorithms for vehicular ad-hoc networks have relied on geographic forwarding as a means to reduce the paths' sensitivity to individual vehicle movements. In recent years, the basic forwarding strategies have been refined to create road-based paths, connecting successive road intersections selected on the basis of the connectivity between them. Revisiting this idea, we present three different flavors of a new algorithm called VNIBR (Intersection-Based Routing on Virtual Nodes): reactive, proactive and encounter-based. These variations can achieve better performance than state-of-the-art routing algorithms by relying on a Virtualization Layer that transparently deals with the problems of mobility. We analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the new algorithms by means of simulations in urban scenarios with different vehicle densities, looking at overhead, packet delivery ratios and end-to-end delays.
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IWCMC - Mobile data offloading in urban VANETs on top of a Virtualization Layer
2015 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2015Co-Authors: Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, Jose Victor Saians-vazquez, José J. Pazos-ariasAbstract:The growth of mobile data traffic is urging on the development of mechanisms to route cellular traffic through alternative networks. In this paper, we present an approach to do mobile data offloading from/to vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), grounded on a Virtualization Layer and a new routing protocol on top of it. The Virtualization Layer deals with the issues derived from the mobility of the vehicles, offering the view of a network of stationary virtual nodes. In turn, the routing protocol puts forward a new combination of topological and geographical routing, which can consistently achieve better performance than state-of-the-art approaches to VANET routing in simulations of urban scenarios with different vehicle densities.
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VaNetLayer: A Virtualization Layer supporting access to web contents from within vehicular networks
Journal of Computational Science, 2015Co-Authors: Jack F. Bravo-torres, Martín López-nores, Yolanda Blanco-fernández, José J. Pazos-arias, Esteban F. Ordonez-moralesAbstract:Abstract Many information services envisaged for the future of vehicle communications rely on the wired Internet infrastructure to download content from remote servers, and then on peer-to-peer, opportunistic networking to deliver the content to the pertinent nodes. We present an approach to support individualized access to web contents from vehicular ad hoc networks, based on a Virtualization Layer that engages the mobile nodes in collaboration to emulate a reliable infrastructure of stationary virtual nodes . We prove by simulation experiments that this approach achieves better performance than reference works in the literature.
