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Helena M. Ramos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Management tools for hydro energy interventions in Water Supply Systems.
Water Practice and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Jos Frijns, Enrique Cabrera Marchet, Nelson Carriço, Dídia Covas, António Jorge Monteiro, Helena M. Ramos, Andrea Bolognesi, Cristiana Bragalli, Sotiria Baki, Christos MakropoulosAbstract:There is significant potential for energy recovery through the use of micro-hydropower installations in Water Supply Systems (WSS). To exploit the full potential of hydro energy in balance with the optimal hydraulic performance and Water Supply service, multi-objective management tools are needed. This paper presents the application of four management tools: (1) an energy audit to evaluate the potential hydro energy in the Water pressurised Systems of Alcoy; (2) multi-criteria decision-making methods for the selection of the preferred energy-efficient operation of a system with a pump-storage reservoir and hydro-turbines in the Algarve; (3) a numerical dynamic tool for optimal turbine operation in the Water distribution of Langhirano; and (4) an urban Water optioneering tool to estimate the hydropower potential of the external aqueduct network in Athens. These methods showed that through an integrated approach the WSS can be optimised for both hydraulic performance and hydro energy production.
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small scale hydropower generator analysis and optimization for Water Supply Systems
Proceedings of the World Renewable Energy Congress – Sweden 8–13 May 2011 Linköping Sweden, 2011Co-Authors: Guilherme A Caxaria, Duarte M Sousa, Helena M. RamosAbstract:This work focuses on the analysis of the power generation feasibility of both a pump as turbine (PAT) and an experimental propeller turbine, when applied to Water Supply Systems. This is done through an analysis of the electrical generation aspects of the PAT’s induction motor and of a permanent magnet DC motor, which was connected to the propeller turbine. The collected data allows for parameter optimization, adequate generator choice and computational modeling. These tests constitute a good sample of the range of applicability of small scale turbines as valid solutions for micro-hydro. It is also possible to consider multiple scenarios, such as rescaling/resizing, for larger turbines and Systems, and the use of power electronics for further efficiency enhancing.
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optimization of operational planning for wind hydro hybrid Water Supply Systems
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: Filipe Vieira, Helena M. RamosAbstract:Water Supply Systems (WSS) frequently present high-energy consumption values, which correspond to the major expenses of these Systems. Energy costs are a function of its real consumption and of the variability of the daily energy tariff.
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optimization of operational planning for wind hydro hybrid Water Supply Systems
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: Filipe Vieira, Helena M. RamosAbstract:Water Supply Systems (WSS) frequently present high-energy consumption values, which correspond to the major expenses of these Systems. Energy costs are a function of its real consumption and of the variability of the daily energy tariff. This paper presents a model of optimization for the energy efficiency in a Water Supply system. The system is equipped with a pump station and presents excess of available energy in the gravity branch. First, a Water turbine is introduced in the system in order to use this excess of hydraulic available energy. Then, an optimization method to define the pump operation planning along the 24 h of simulation, as well as the analysis of the economic benefits resulting from the profit of wind energy to Supply the Water pumping, while satisfying the system constraints and population demands, is implemented, in order to minimize the global operational costs. The model, developed in MATLAB, uses linear programming and provides the planning strategy to take in each time step, which will influence the following hours. The simulation period considered is one day, sub-divided in hourly time steps. The rules obtained as output of the optimization procedures are subsequently introduced in a hydraulic simulator (e.g. EPANET), in order to verify the system behaviour along the simulation period. The results are compared with the normal operating mode (i.e. without optimization algorithm) and show that energy cost's savings are achieved dependently of the initial reservoir levels or volume. The insertion of the Water turbine also generates significant economical benefits for the Water Supply system.
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application of hydraulic transients for leak detection in Water Supply Systems
World Water Congress, 2004Co-Authors: Dídia Covas, Helena M. Ramos, Nigel Graham, Cedo MaksimovicAbstract:The current paper reports the investigation of two transient-based techniques for leak detection in Water pipe Systems using physical data collected in the laboratory and in quasi-field conditions. The first is the analysis of the leak reflected wave during a transient event and the second is inverse transient analysis (ITA). This was approached through the development of an inverse transient analysis tool and the collection of transient data for the testing and validation of this model. Two experimental programmes were carried out at Imperial College and in cooperation with Thames Water for the validation and testing of these techniques. Evaluation of the presence, location and size of leaks was carried out using the collected data. Transient-based techniques have been shown to be successful in the detection and location of leaks and leak location uncertainties depended on the leak size and location, flow regime and location where the transient event was generated. These leak detection methods are very promising for identifying the general area of the trunk main with leakage, and can be combined with other leak location techniques (e.g. acoustic equipment) to more precisely pinpoint the leak position. Transient-based techniques are particularly important for the diagnosis, monitoring and control of existing Water Supply Systems, not only to detect leaks, but also to better understand the causes of pipe bursts and accidents, particularly when these are due to natural transient events.
Mina Hoorfar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reliability assessment for Water Supply Systems under uncertainties
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2014Co-Authors: Shafiqul M Islam, Rehan Sadiq, Manuel J Rodriguez, Homayoun Najjaran, Mina HoorfarAbstract:AbstractReliability assessment of Water Supply Systems (WSSs) is an important aspect of WSS planning and operations. Traditionally, WSS reliability involves the comparison of hydraulics (e.g., pressure or available Water volume) and Water quality (e.g., residual chlorine) parameters with their desired minimum level of service under various emergency loading conditions. To compute hydraulic dependent parameters (e.g., pressures, flow), different algorithms solve continuity and energy equations expressed in terms of certain independent parameters (e.g., roughness parameters and nodal demands) with certainty. Similarly, transport equations expressed in terms of different quality parameters are solved deterministically to compute Water quality dependent parameters (e.g., residual chlorine). However, it is extremely challenging, even impossible, to estimate network-independent parameters with certainty. Therefore, estimated dependent parameters based on semiquantitative information bear uncertainty, which lead...
Filipe Vieira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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optimization of operational planning for wind hydro hybrid Water Supply Systems
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: Filipe Vieira, Helena M. RamosAbstract:Water Supply Systems (WSS) frequently present high-energy consumption values, which correspond to the major expenses of these Systems. Energy costs are a function of its real consumption and of the variability of the daily energy tariff.
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optimization of operational planning for wind hydro hybrid Water Supply Systems
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: Filipe Vieira, Helena M. RamosAbstract:Water Supply Systems (WSS) frequently present high-energy consumption values, which correspond to the major expenses of these Systems. Energy costs are a function of its real consumption and of the variability of the daily energy tariff. This paper presents a model of optimization for the energy efficiency in a Water Supply system. The system is equipped with a pump station and presents excess of available energy in the gravity branch. First, a Water turbine is introduced in the system in order to use this excess of hydraulic available energy. Then, an optimization method to define the pump operation planning along the 24 h of simulation, as well as the analysis of the economic benefits resulting from the profit of wind energy to Supply the Water pumping, while satisfying the system constraints and population demands, is implemented, in order to minimize the global operational costs. The model, developed in MATLAB, uses linear programming and provides the planning strategy to take in each time step, which will influence the following hours. The simulation period considered is one day, sub-divided in hourly time steps. The rules obtained as output of the optimization procedures are subsequently introduced in a hydraulic simulator (e.g. EPANET), in order to verify the system behaviour along the simulation period. The results are compared with the normal operating mode (i.e. without optimization algorithm) and show that energy cost's savings are achieved dependently of the initial reservoir levels or volume. The insertion of the Water turbine also generates significant economical benefits for the Water Supply system.
Shafiqul M Islam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reliability assessment for Water Supply Systems under uncertainties
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 2014Co-Authors: Shafiqul M Islam, Rehan Sadiq, Manuel J Rodriguez, Homayoun Najjaran, Mina HoorfarAbstract:AbstractReliability assessment of Water Supply Systems (WSSs) is an important aspect of WSS planning and operations. Traditionally, WSS reliability involves the comparison of hydraulics (e.g., pressure or available Water volume) and Water quality (e.g., residual chlorine) parameters with their desired minimum level of service under various emergency loading conditions. To compute hydraulic dependent parameters (e.g., pressures, flow), different algorithms solve continuity and energy equations expressed in terms of certain independent parameters (e.g., roughness parameters and nodal demands) with certainty. Similarly, transport equations expressed in terms of different quality parameters are solved deterministically to compute Water quality dependent parameters (e.g., residual chlorine). However, it is extremely challenging, even impossible, to estimate network-independent parameters with certainty. Therefore, estimated dependent parameters based on semiquantitative information bear uncertainty, which lead...
Massoud Tabesh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Integrated risk assessment of urban Water Supply Systems from source to tap
Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 2013Co-Authors: Abbas Roozbahani, Banafsheh Zahraie, Massoud TabeshAbstract:Urban Water Supply Systems (UWSS) are generally composed of Water sources, transmission pipes, treatment plants, and distribution networks from source to tap and usually are exposed to variety of uncertain threatening hazards. These threats can be divided to three main groups of natural, human-made, and operational hazards which affect either Water quantity or Water quality. In order to evaluate the reliability of Water Supply Systems, risk assessment tools must be used to identify threats, their probability, and consequences and vulnerabilities of each element of these Systems against the hazards. Due to the complexity and uncertainties affecting Water Supply Systems and threatening hazards, a comprehensive and effective risk assessment method is required. In this study, an integrated fuzzy hierarchical risk assessment model for Water Supply Systems (IFHRA-WSS) is proposed to assess hazards in a complex UWSS using a systematic approach incorporating both Water quantity and quality issues. This model uses a hierarchical framework for breaking down the UWSS infrastructures to their interrelated elements to reduce the overall complexity of the system. It also considers uncertainties using Fuzzy Logic approach. Effects of functional interdependencies between different components of the system have also been considered in the vulnerability analysis. IFHRA-WSS incorporates the contributions of urban Water experts in a group risk assessment procedure in a way that they can be easily expressed in terms of the qualitative and quantitative risk measures. Efficiency of this model has been examined in a case study which includes a large part of a drinking Water Supply system in a major city in Iran. This system includes all the elements of the UWSS from the delivery point to the consumption point. In the case study, different components and subcomponents of this system have been ranked based on their estimated risk values. It is envisaged that the results of the proposed model can help the decision makers to plan for effective risk mitigation measures.
