Yponomeuta

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Steph B. J. Menken - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Limited intrinsic postzygotic reproductive isolation despite chromosomal rearrangements between closely related sympatric species of small ermine moths (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae)
    Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2019
    Co-Authors: Katerina H Hora, Peter Roessingh, František Marec, Steph B. J. Menken
    Abstract:

    In evolutionarily young species and sympatric host races of phytophagous insects, postzygotic incompatibility is often not yet fully developed, but reduced fitness of hybrids is thought to facilitate further divergence. However, empirical evidence supporting this hypothesis is limited. To assess the role of reduced hybrid fitness, we studied meiosis and fertility in hybrids of two closely related small ermine moths, Yponomeuta padella and Yponomeuta cagnagella, and determined the extent of intrinsic postzygotic reproductive isolation. We found extensive rearrangements between the karyotypes of the two species and irregularities in meiotic chromosome pairing in their hybrids. The fertility of reciprocal F1 and, surprisingly, also of backcrosses with both parental species was not significantly decreased compared with intraspecific offspring. The results indicate that intrinsic postzygotic reproductive isolation between these closely related species is limited. We conclude that the observed chromosomal rearrangements are probably not the result of an accumulation of postzygotic incompatibilities preventing hybridization. Alternative explanations, such as adaptation to new host plants, are discussed.

  • Molecular Phylogeny of the Small Ermine Moth Genus Yponomeuta (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae) in the
    2013
    Co-Authors: Hubert Turner, Niek Lieshout, Wil Van Ginkel, Steph B. J. Menken
    Abstract:

    Background: The small ermine moth genus Yponomeuta (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae) contains 76 species that are specialist feeders on hosts from Celastraceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae, and several other plant families. The genus is a model for studies in the evolution of phytophagous insects and their host-plant associations. Here, we reconstruct the phylogeny to provide a solid framework for these studies, and to obtain insight into the history of host-plant use and the biogeography of the genus. Methodology/Principal Findings: DNA sequences from an internal transcribed spacer region (ITS-1) and from the 16S rDNA (16S) and cytochrome oxidase (COII) mitochondrial genes were collected from 20–23 (depending on gene) species and two outgroup taxa to reconstruct the phylogeny of the Palaearctic members of this genus. Sequences were analysed using three different phylogenetic methods (parsimony, likelihood, and Bayesian inference). Conclusions/Significance: Roughly the same patterns are retrieved irrespective of the method used, and they are similar among the three genes. Monophyly is well supported for a clade consisting of the Japanese (but not the Dutch) population of Yponomeuta sedellus and Y. yanagawanus, aY. kanaiellus–polystictus clade, and a Rosaceae-feeding, western Palaearctic clade (Y. cagnagellus–irrorellus clade). Within these clades, relationships are less well supported, and the patterns between the different gene trees are not so similar. The position of the remaining taxa is also variable among the gene trees an

  • Do Female Life Span and Fecundity of Small Ermine Moth Increase with Multiple Mating and Adult Nutrition
    Journal of Insect Behavior, 2012
    Co-Authors: Katherine Parker, Peter Roessingh, Steph B. J. Menken
    Abstract:

    Several evolutionary explanations for multiple mating in insects have been proposed, and it has been suggested that Lepidoptera benefit from the energy contained in nuptial gifts. In two closely related species of small ermine moths, Yponomeuta cagnagellus (Hubner) and Yponomeuta padellus (L.), we experimentally controlled the number of matings and access to honey as an energy source, and assessed the effects of these factors on female life span and lifetime fecundity. No positive effects of mating were found in either species. In fact, mating significantly shortened life span. The effect of access to energy in the form of honey differed between the two species. In the shorter-lived Yponomeuta padellus, access to honey did not increase the life span of mated females and did not increase fecundity. In Yponomeuta cagnagellus however, access to energy in the form of honey counteracted the negative effects of mating and females with access to honey lived significantly longer and laid significantly more eggs during their lifetime.

  • Molecular phylogeny of the small ermine moth genus Yponomeuta (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae) in the palaearctic.
    PloS one, 2010
    Co-Authors: Hubert Turner, Niek Lieshout, Wil Van Ginkel, Steph B. J. Menken
    Abstract:

    Background The small ermine moth genus Yponomeuta (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae) contains 76 species that are specialist feeders on hosts from Celastraceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae, and several other plant families. The genus is a model for studies in the evolution of phytophagous insects and their host-plant associations. Here, we reconstruct the phylogeny to provide a solid framework for these studies, and to obtain insight into the history of host-plant use and the biogeography of the genus.

  • Molecular phylogeny of the small ermine moth genus Yponomeuta (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae) in the palaearctic.
    Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2010
    Co-Authors: Hubert Turner, Niek Lieshout, Wil Van Ginkel, Steph B. J. Menken
    Abstract:

    The small ermine moth genus Yponomeuta (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae) contains 76 species that are specialist feeders on hosts from Celastraceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae, and several other plant families. The genus is a model for studies in the evolution of phytophagous insects and their host-plant associations. Here, we reconstruct the phylogeny to provide a solid framework for these studies, and to obtain insight into the history of host-plant use and the biogeography of the genus.DNA sequences from an internal transcribed spacer region (ITS-1) and from the 16S rDNA (16S) and cytochrome oxidase (COII) mitochondrial genes were collected from 20-23 (depending on gene) species and two outgroup taxa to reconstruct the phylogeny of the Palaearctic members of this genus. Sequences were analysed using three different phylogenetic methods (parsimony, likelihood, and Bayesian inference).Roughly the same patterns are retrieved irrespective of the method used, and they are similar among the three genes. Monophyly is well supported for a clade consisting of the Japanese (but not the Dutch) population of Yponomeuta sedellus and Y. yanagawanus, a Y. kanaiellus-polystictus clade, and a Rosaceae-feeding, western Palaearctic clade (Y. cagnagellus-irrorellus clade). Within these clades, relationships are less well supported, and the patterns between the different gene trees are not so similar. The position of the remaining taxa is also variable among the gene trees and rather weakly supported. The phylogenetic information was used to elucidate patterns of biogeography and resource use. In the Palaearctic, the genus most likely originated in the Far East, feeding on Celastraceae, dispersing to the West concomitant with a shift to Rosaceae and further to Salicaceae. The association of Y. cagnagellus with Euonymus europaeus (Celastraceae), however, is a reversal. The only oligophagous species, Y. padellus, belongs to the derived western Palaearctic clade, evidence that specialisation is reversible

Peter Roessingh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Limited intrinsic postzygotic reproductive isolation despite chromosomal rearrangements between closely related sympatric species of small ermine moths (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae)
    Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2019
    Co-Authors: Katerina H Hora, Peter Roessingh, František Marec, Steph B. J. Menken
    Abstract:

    In evolutionarily young species and sympatric host races of phytophagous insects, postzygotic incompatibility is often not yet fully developed, but reduced fitness of hybrids is thought to facilitate further divergence. However, empirical evidence supporting this hypothesis is limited. To assess the role of reduced hybrid fitness, we studied meiosis and fertility in hybrids of two closely related small ermine moths, Yponomeuta padella and Yponomeuta cagnagella, and determined the extent of intrinsic postzygotic reproductive isolation. We found extensive rearrangements between the karyotypes of the two species and irregularities in meiotic chromosome pairing in their hybrids. The fertility of reciprocal F1 and, surprisingly, also of backcrosses with both parental species was not significantly decreased compared with intraspecific offspring. The results indicate that intrinsic postzygotic reproductive isolation between these closely related species is limited. We conclude that the observed chromosomal rearrangements are probably not the result of an accumulation of postzygotic incompatibilities preventing hybridization. Alternative explanations, such as adaptation to new host plants, are discussed.

  • Do Female Life Span and Fecundity of Small Ermine Moth Increase with Multiple Mating and Adult Nutrition
    Journal of Insect Behavior, 2012
    Co-Authors: Katherine Parker, Peter Roessingh, Steph B. J. Menken
    Abstract:

    Several evolutionary explanations for multiple mating in insects have been proposed, and it has been suggested that Lepidoptera benefit from the energy contained in nuptial gifts. In two closely related species of small ermine moths, Yponomeuta cagnagellus (Hubner) and Yponomeuta padellus (L.), we experimentally controlled the number of matings and access to honey as an energy source, and assessed the effects of these factors on female life span and lifetime fecundity. No positive effects of mating were found in either species. In fact, mating significantly shortened life span. The effect of access to energy in the form of honey differed between the two species. In the shorter-lived Yponomeuta padellus, access to honey did not increase the life span of mated females and did not increase fecundity. In Yponomeuta cagnagellus however, access to energy in the form of honey counteracted the negative effects of mating and females with access to honey lived significantly longer and laid significantly more eggs during their lifetime.

  • Sympatric speciation in Yponomeuta : no evidence for host plant fidelity
    Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 2008
    Co-Authors: Aletta C. Bakker, Peter Roessingh, Steph B. J. Menken
    Abstract:

    According to sympatric speciation theory, adaptation to different host plants is expected to pleiotropically lead to assortative mating, an important factor in the reduction of gene flow between the diverging subpopulations. This scenario predicts mating on and oviposition preference for the respective hosts in both the diverging subpopulations and recently originated species. Here, we test both predictions in the oligophagous Yponomeuta padellus (L.) and the monophagous Yponomeuta cagnagellus (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), two closely related small ermine moth species from the western European clade of Yponomeuta for which speciation in sympatry has been proposed. Mating location and adult host acceptance were evaluated under both semi-field (in a large outdoor cage with a choice of host and non-host plants) and field conditions. In the semi-field experiment, only Y. cagnagellus showed some preference for mating on its own host (16% of all mating pairs) over non-host plants (3% of all mating pairs). However, in both species, more than 80% of the mating pairs were not formed on a plant but instead on the cage itself. Further examination of the mating site of Y. cagnagellus in the field revealed no preference for host plants over non-host plants in the two consecutive years of observation. Yponomeuta padellus females, collected from and reared on Prunus spinosa L. (Rosaceae), showed an oviposition preference for the alternative host Crataegus monogyna Jacq. (Rosaceae) in the semi-field experiment. We thus found no evidence that host-plant fidelity (in terms of mating site) has been the driving force in the speciation process of these Yponomeuta species, nor did we find evidence of host race formation in the tested population of the oligophagous Y. p adellus .

  • Effects of multiple mating and adult nutrition on longevity and fecundity in two Yponomeuta species
    2008
    Co-Authors: Katherine Parker, Peter Roessingh, Steph B. J. Menken
    Abstract:

    Many male Lepidoptera transfer a large ejaculate, containing nutrients and/or secondary plant compounds. In principle this ‘nuptial gift’ could help to increase female survival and longevity. Here we investigated the effects of both multiple mating and extra nutrition in the adult stage on males and females in two species of Yponomeuta. Mated females had significantly shorter live spans than unmated females and similar fecundity. Females therefore do not appear to benefit from remating, which suggests that the considerable weight transfer of the males to the females during mating does not provide nutritional value. Females of Y. cagnagellus, which received honey throughout their adult lifetime, lived significantly longer and laid larger egg batches than females, that did not receive honey. In Y. padellus this effect was not found. It is concluded that neither species benefits from multiple mating and that in Yponomeuta cagnagellus adult nutrition rather then mating increases female reproductive output and longevity, which contrasts with many studies of Macrolepidoptera.

  • Olfactory receptors on the maxillary palps of small ermine moth larvae: evolutionary history of benzaldehyde sensitivity
    Journal of Comparative Physiology A, 2007
    Co-Authors: Peter Roessingh, Steph B. J. Menken
    Abstract:

    In lepidopterous larvae the maxillary palps contain a large portion of the sensory equipment of the insect. Yet, knowledge about the sensitivity of these cells is limited. In this paper a morphological, behavioral, and electrophysiological investigation of the maxillary palps of Yponomeuta cagnagellus (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) is presented. In addition to thermoreceptors, CO_2 receptors, and gustatory receptors, evidence is reported for the existence of two groups of receptor cells sensitive to plant volatiles. Cells that are mainly sensitive to ( E )-2-hexenal and hexanal or to ( Z )-3-hexen-1-ol and 1-hexanol were found. Interestingly, a high sensitivity for benzaldehyde was also found. This compound is not known to be present in Euonymus europaeus , the host plant of the monophagous Yponomeuta cagnagellus , but it is a prominent compound in Rosaceae, the presumed hosts of the ancestors of Y. cagnagellus . To elucidate the evolutionary history of this sensitivity, and its possible role in host shifts, feeding responses of three Yponomeuta species to benzaldehyde were investigated. The results confirm the hypothesis that the sensitivity to benzaldehyde evolved during the ancestral shift from Celastraceae to Rosaceae and can be considered an evolutionary relict, retained in the recently backshifted Celastraceae-specialist Y. cagnagellus .

Nicholas J. Mills - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Quantifying the impact of insect predators and parasitoids on populations of the apple ermine moth, Yponomeuta malinellus (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), in Europe
    Bulletin of Entomological Research, 1998
    Co-Authors: U. Kuhlmann, K.p. Carl, Nicholas J. Mills
    Abstract:

    Life tables were developed to assess the significance of natural enemies on the dynamics of apple ermine moth, Yponomeuta malinellus Zeller, in southwestern Germany and to select parasitoid species for use in the biological control of this pest in Canada. During the study from 1993 to 1995 the abundance of Y. malinellus varied from 1.5 to 4.3 tents per 100 leaf clusters indicating that this was a non-outbreak population. From the life tables it was evident that the impact of egg predators accounted for 25–43% of the total generational mortality of Y. malinellus , more than any other known mortality factor. Percent parasitism varied from 18 to 30%, but the impact of parasitoids in relation to the total generational mortality of Y. malinellus from the life tables was remarkably constant at 11–14%. The loss of potential fecundity had an important influence on the generational mortality of Y. malinellus , but declined from 27% to 15% over the course of this study. This decline corresponded with a rise in the net rate of increase R 0 from 1.35 in 1993 to 6.8 in 1995, despite the impact of insect predators and parasitoids on the generational mortality. Yponomeuta malinellus was attacked by five different obligate primary parasitoids, a single obligate hyperparasitoid, and three facultative hyperparasitoids. Of these, the oligophagous egg-larval parasitoid Ageniaspis fuscicollis Dalman (Encyrtidae) and the oligophagous larval-pupal and pupal parasitoid Herpestomus brunnicornis Gravenhorst (Ichneumonidae) were selected as potential biological control agents for Canada due to a minimal degree of interspecific competition.

Roger K. Butlin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Martin Brookes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

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