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Pasutha Thunyakitpisal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Acemannan Used as an Implantable Biomaterial for Vital Pulp Therapy of Immature Permanent Teeth Induced Continued Root Formation.
Pharmaceutics, 2020Co-Authors: Minh Nguyen, Polkit Sangvanich, Quang N. Nguyen, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:Direct pulp-capping, a vital pulp therapy, is used to protect and preserve pulp vitality by applying a biomaterial on the pulp exposure site. Acemannan, a polysaccharide extracted from Aloe vera, induces osteodentin-bridge formation to cover the exposure site in vivo. We evaluated the effect of Acemannan sponges on partial pulpotomized permanent teeth with caries or accident-induced pulp exposure (n = 50). After removing infected dentin and inflamed pulp tissue, the teeth were randomly divided into Acemannan or control (mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) groups (n = 25). The teeth were examined immediately after treatment (baseline) and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups for clinical and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination. The three-dimensional tooth length and root apex area were simulated to determine treatment success. We found that the overall success rate in the Acemannan and MTA groups from baseline to 12-month follow-up was 90.91% and 95.65%, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). In the success teeth in both groups, the root length increased, and the apex area significantly decreased (p < 0.05), indicating continued root formation. Our results suggest that Acemannan is a promising low-cost biomaterial for partial pulpotomy treatment for immature permanent teeth requiring vital pulp therapy.
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Acemannan induces rapid early osseous defect healing after apical surgery: A 12-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.
Journal of Dental Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Cuong Le Van, Polkit Sangvanich, Hien Pham Thi Thu, Vannaporn Chuenchompoonut, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:Abstract Background/purpose Acemannan is an osteoinductive material. This study's objective was to compare the outcomes of bone defect healing using 3-dimensional images after apical surgery with or without adding Acemannan sponges. Materials and methods Twenty-two anterior teeth from 9 males and 13 females requiring apical surgery were included in this randomized controlled trial. Post-surgery, the bone defects were randomly divided into three groups: blood clot control, 5-, or 10-mg Acemannan sponge groups. CBCT scans were taken immediately (baseline), 3-, 6-, and 12-month post-surgery. Sagittal serial sections (1 mm thick slices parallel to the long axis of the tooth) of the defect image were created. The defect boundary was located and the total bone defect volume (BDV) was calculated from the sum of the volume of the serial defect sections. The bone healing was assessed by the percentage of total bone defect volume reduction (%ΔBDV). The paired t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the differences within each group and between groups, respectively. Results The baseline mean BDV of the control, 5-, and 10-mg Acemannan groups were not significantly different (p > 0.05). After treatment, the mean BDV for each group was reduced in a time-dependent manner. Compared with the control group, the 5- and 10-mg Acemannan groups had a significantly greater %ΔBDV (approximately 2- and 1.89-fold) at 3-months post-surgery, respectively (p Conclusion These data suggest Acemannan enhanced early bone healing after apical surgery.
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Acemannan Induced Bone Regeneration in Lateral Sinus Augmentation Based on Cone Beam Computed Tomographic and Histopathological Evaluation.
Case Reports in Dentistry, 2020Co-Authors: Hai Anh Trinh, Wijit Banlunara, Polkit Sangvanich, Van Viet Dam, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:: Acemannan, the major polysaccharide extracted from Aloe vera, is biomaterial that has demonstrated osteoinductive effects in vitro and in vivo. However, the effect of Acemannan sponges on bone formation in open-type sinus augmentation has not evaluated. Here, we report a case study using radiographic and histological analyses to investigate the effect of Acemannan on bone formation after lateral sinus lift surgery. The case was a 57-year-old female patient with an atrophic left posterior maxilla who underwent lateral sinus lift using an Acemannan sponge using the two-stage procedure. In the first stage, an Acemannan sponge was inserted through the bony window and placed between the antral floor and the elevated sinus membrane. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were taken immediately as baseline and 6-month postoperation for evaluation. A bone core specimen was also obtained for histological examination at the time of implant placement. The histological results revealed new bone formation, and the CBCT images demonstrated increased alveolar bone height at 6-month postoperation. Our findings suggest that an Acemannan sponge could be a biomaterial for inducing bone formation in sinus lift surgery.
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Indirect Sinus Augmentation With and Without the Addition of a Biomaterial: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
Implant Dentistry, 2019Co-Authors: Hai Anh Trinh, Van Viet Dam, Pisha Pittayapat, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the results of indirect sinus augmentation with and without the addition of a biomaterial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients aged 40 to 60 years participated in this randomized controlled clinical trial. After closed sinus lift operation, patients were randomly and equally divided into blood clot control and Acemannan sponge graft groups. Simultaneous implant placement was then performed. Cone beam computed tomography was performed immediately and at 3 and 6 months postoperation. Bone formation was evaluated by the radiographic endo-sinus bone gain percentage around the implant. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the Acemannan-treated group had a significantly greater radiographic endo-sinus bone gain percentage of approximately 2.4- and 2-fold at 3 and 6 months postsurgery, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The addition of a biomaterial (Acemannan) with indirect sinus augmentation and simultaneous implant placement significantly enhances bone formation at 3 and 6 months postsurgery.
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Acemannan increased bone surface, bone volume, and bone density in a calvarial defect model in skeletally-mature rats.
Journal of Dental Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: Dyna Jeanne D. Godoy, Jaroenporn Chokboribal, Polkit Sangvanich, Wijit Banlunara, Ruben Pauwels, Sukanya Jaroenporn, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:Abstract Background/purpose Acemannan, a β-(1–4)-acetylated polymannose extracted from Aloe vera gel, has been proposed as biomaterial for bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Acemannan in calvarial defect healing. Materials and methods Acemannan was processed to freeze-dried sponge form and disinfected by UV irradiation. Thirty-five female Sprague–Dawley rats were used in the in vivo study. Seven-mm diameter mid-calvarial defects were created and randomly allocated into blood clot control (C), Acemannan 1 mg (A1), 2 mg (A2), 4 mg (A4), and 8 mg (A8) groups (n = 7). After four weeks, the calvarial specimens were subjected to microcomputed tomography (microCT) and histopathological analysis. Results MicroCT revealed a significant increase in bone surface and bone volume in the A1 and A2 groups, and tissue mineral density in the A4 and A8 groups compared with the control group (p Conclusion Acemannan is an effective bioactive agent for bone regeneration, enhancing bone growth as assayed in two- and three-dimensions.
Polkit Sangvanich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Acemannan Used as an Implantable Biomaterial for Vital Pulp Therapy of Immature Permanent Teeth Induced Continued Root Formation.
Pharmaceutics, 2020Co-Authors: Minh Nguyen, Polkit Sangvanich, Quang N. Nguyen, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:Direct pulp-capping, a vital pulp therapy, is used to protect and preserve pulp vitality by applying a biomaterial on the pulp exposure site. Acemannan, a polysaccharide extracted from Aloe vera, induces osteodentin-bridge formation to cover the exposure site in vivo. We evaluated the effect of Acemannan sponges on partial pulpotomized permanent teeth with caries or accident-induced pulp exposure (n = 50). After removing infected dentin and inflamed pulp tissue, the teeth were randomly divided into Acemannan or control (mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) groups (n = 25). The teeth were examined immediately after treatment (baseline) and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups for clinical and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination. The three-dimensional tooth length and root apex area were simulated to determine treatment success. We found that the overall success rate in the Acemannan and MTA groups from baseline to 12-month follow-up was 90.91% and 95.65%, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). In the success teeth in both groups, the root length increased, and the apex area significantly decreased (p < 0.05), indicating continued root formation. Our results suggest that Acemannan is a promising low-cost biomaterial for partial pulpotomy treatment for immature permanent teeth requiring vital pulp therapy.
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Acemannan induces rapid early osseous defect healing after apical surgery: A 12-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.
Journal of Dental Sciences, 2020Co-Authors: Cuong Le Van, Polkit Sangvanich, Hien Pham Thi Thu, Vannaporn Chuenchompoonut, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:Abstract Background/purpose Acemannan is an osteoinductive material. This study's objective was to compare the outcomes of bone defect healing using 3-dimensional images after apical surgery with or without adding Acemannan sponges. Materials and methods Twenty-two anterior teeth from 9 males and 13 females requiring apical surgery were included in this randomized controlled trial. Post-surgery, the bone defects were randomly divided into three groups: blood clot control, 5-, or 10-mg Acemannan sponge groups. CBCT scans were taken immediately (baseline), 3-, 6-, and 12-month post-surgery. Sagittal serial sections (1 mm thick slices parallel to the long axis of the tooth) of the defect image were created. The defect boundary was located and the total bone defect volume (BDV) was calculated from the sum of the volume of the serial defect sections. The bone healing was assessed by the percentage of total bone defect volume reduction (%ΔBDV). The paired t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the differences within each group and between groups, respectively. Results The baseline mean BDV of the control, 5-, and 10-mg Acemannan groups were not significantly different (p > 0.05). After treatment, the mean BDV for each group was reduced in a time-dependent manner. Compared with the control group, the 5- and 10-mg Acemannan groups had a significantly greater %ΔBDV (approximately 2- and 1.89-fold) at 3-months post-surgery, respectively (p Conclusion These data suggest Acemannan enhanced early bone healing after apical surgery.
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Acemannan Induced Bone Regeneration in Lateral Sinus Augmentation Based on Cone Beam Computed Tomographic and Histopathological Evaluation.
Case Reports in Dentistry, 2020Co-Authors: Hai Anh Trinh, Wijit Banlunara, Polkit Sangvanich, Van Viet Dam, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:: Acemannan, the major polysaccharide extracted from Aloe vera, is biomaterial that has demonstrated osteoinductive effects in vitro and in vivo. However, the effect of Acemannan sponges on bone formation in open-type sinus augmentation has not evaluated. Here, we report a case study using radiographic and histological analyses to investigate the effect of Acemannan on bone formation after lateral sinus lift surgery. The case was a 57-year-old female patient with an atrophic left posterior maxilla who underwent lateral sinus lift using an Acemannan sponge using the two-stage procedure. In the first stage, an Acemannan sponge was inserted through the bony window and placed between the antral floor and the elevated sinus membrane. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were taken immediately as baseline and 6-month postoperation for evaluation. A bone core specimen was also obtained for histological examination at the time of implant placement. The histological results revealed new bone formation, and the CBCT images demonstrated increased alveolar bone height at 6-month postoperation. Our findings suggest that an Acemannan sponge could be a biomaterial for inducing bone formation in sinus lift surgery.
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Acemannan increased bone surface, bone volume, and bone density in a calvarial defect model in skeletally-mature rats.
Journal of Dental Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: Dyna Jeanne D. Godoy, Jaroenporn Chokboribal, Polkit Sangvanich, Wijit Banlunara, Ruben Pauwels, Sukanya Jaroenporn, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:Abstract Background/purpose Acemannan, a β-(1–4)-acetylated polymannose extracted from Aloe vera gel, has been proposed as biomaterial for bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Acemannan in calvarial defect healing. Materials and methods Acemannan was processed to freeze-dried sponge form and disinfected by UV irradiation. Thirty-five female Sprague–Dawley rats were used in the in vivo study. Seven-mm diameter mid-calvarial defects were created and randomly allocated into blood clot control (C), Acemannan 1 mg (A1), 2 mg (A2), 4 mg (A4), and 8 mg (A8) groups (n = 7). After four weeks, the calvarial specimens were subjected to microcomputed tomography (microCT) and histopathological analysis. Results MicroCT revealed a significant increase in bone surface and bone volume in the A1 and A2 groups, and tissue mineral density in the A4 and A8 groups compared with the control group (p Conclusion Acemannan is an effective bioactive agent for bone regeneration, enhancing bone growth as assayed in two- and three-dimensions.
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Acemannan increases NF-κB/DNA binding and IL-6/-8 expression by selectively binding Toll-like receptor-5 in human gingival fibroblasts.
Carbohydrate Polymers, 2016Co-Authors: Pasutha Thunyakitpisal, Vithaya Ruangpornvisuti, Pattrawadee Kengkwasing, Jaroenporn Chokboribal, Polkit SangvanichAbstract:Acemannan, an acetylated polymannose from Aloe vera, has immunomodulatory effects. We investigated whether Acemannan induces IL-6 and -8 expression and NF-κB/DNA binding in human gingival fibroblasts. IL-6 and -8 expression levels were assessed via RT-PCR and ELISA. The NF-κB p50/p65-DNA binding was determined. The structures of Acemannan mono–pentamers and Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) were simulated. The binding energies between Acemannan and TLR5 were identified. We found that Acemannan significantly stimulated IL-6/-8 expression at both the mRNA and protein level and significantly increased p50/DNA binding. Preincubation with an anti-TLR5 neutralizing antibody abolished Acemannan-induced IL-6/-8 expression and p50/DNA binding, and co-incubation of Acemannan with Bay11-7082, a specific NF- κB inhibitor, abolished IL-6/-8 expression. The computer modeling indicated that monomeric/dimeric single stranded Acemannan molecules interacted with the TLR5 flagellin recognition sites with a high binding affinity. We conclude that Acemannan induces IL-6/-8 expression, and p50/DNA binding in gingival fibroblasts, at least partly, via a TLR5/NF-κB-dependent signaling pathway. Furthermore, Acemannan selectively binds with TLR5 ectodomain flagellin recognition sites.
Wijit Banlunara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Acemannan Induced Bone Regeneration in Lateral Sinus Augmentation Based on Cone Beam Computed Tomographic and Histopathological Evaluation.
Case Reports in Dentistry, 2020Co-Authors: Hai Anh Trinh, Wijit Banlunara, Polkit Sangvanich, Van Viet Dam, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:: Acemannan, the major polysaccharide extracted from Aloe vera, is biomaterial that has demonstrated osteoinductive effects in vitro and in vivo. However, the effect of Acemannan sponges on bone formation in open-type sinus augmentation has not evaluated. Here, we report a case study using radiographic and histological analyses to investigate the effect of Acemannan on bone formation after lateral sinus lift surgery. The case was a 57-year-old female patient with an atrophic left posterior maxilla who underwent lateral sinus lift using an Acemannan sponge using the two-stage procedure. In the first stage, an Acemannan sponge was inserted through the bony window and placed between the antral floor and the elevated sinus membrane. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were taken immediately as baseline and 6-month postoperation for evaluation. A bone core specimen was also obtained for histological examination at the time of implant placement. The histological results revealed new bone formation, and the CBCT images demonstrated increased alveolar bone height at 6-month postoperation. Our findings suggest that an Acemannan sponge could be a biomaterial for inducing bone formation in sinus lift surgery.
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Acemannan increased bone surface, bone volume, and bone density in a calvarial defect model in skeletally-mature rats.
Journal of Dental Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: Dyna Jeanne D. Godoy, Jaroenporn Chokboribal, Polkit Sangvanich, Wijit Banlunara, Ruben Pauwels, Sukanya Jaroenporn, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:Abstract Background/purpose Acemannan, a β-(1–4)-acetylated polymannose extracted from Aloe vera gel, has been proposed as biomaterial for bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Acemannan in calvarial defect healing. Materials and methods Acemannan was processed to freeze-dried sponge form and disinfected by UV irradiation. Thirty-five female Sprague–Dawley rats were used in the in vivo study. Seven-mm diameter mid-calvarial defects were created and randomly allocated into blood clot control (C), Acemannan 1 mg (A1), 2 mg (A2), 4 mg (A4), and 8 mg (A8) groups (n = 7). After four weeks, the calvarial specimens were subjected to microcomputed tomography (microCT) and histopathological analysis. Results MicroCT revealed a significant increase in bone surface and bone volume in the A1 and A2 groups, and tissue mineral density in the A4 and A8 groups compared with the control group (p Conclusion Acemannan is an effective bioactive agent for bone regeneration, enhancing bone growth as assayed in two- and three-dimensions.
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Stimulation of Dentin Regeneration by Using Acemannan in Teeth with Lipopolysaccharide-induced Pulp Inflammation.
Journal of Endodontics, 2017Co-Authors: Siriporn Songsiripradubboon, Wijit Banlunara, Sarunya Kladkaew, Chutima Trairatvorakul, Polakit Sangvanich, Kumpanart Soontornvipart, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:Abstract Introduction This study investigated the effects of Acemannan, a polysaccharide from Aloe vera , on human deciduous pulp cells in vitro and the response after vital pulp therapy in dog deciduous teeth. Methods Human primary dental pulpal cells were treated with Acemannan in vitro and evaluated for proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, type I collagen, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2), BMP-4, vascular endothelial growth factor, and dentin sialoprotein expression and mineralization. Osteogenesis-related gene expression was analyzed by complementary DNA microarray. Pulpal inflammation was induced in dog teeth for 14 days. The inflamed pulp was removed, retaining the healthy pulp. The teeth were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups: Acemannan, mineral trioxide aggregate, and formocresol. Sixty days later, the teeth were extracted and evaluated histopathologically. Results Acemannan significantly increased pulp cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase, type I collagen, BMP-2, BMP-4, vascular endothelial growth factor, and dentin sialoprotein expression and mineralization approximately 1.4-, 1.6-, 1.6-, 5.5-, 2.6-, 3.8-, 1.8-, and 4.8-fold, respectively, compared with control. In vivo , partial pulpotomy treatment using Acemannan generated outcomes similar to mineral trioxide aggregate treatment, resulting in mineralized bridge formation with normal pulp tissue without inflammation or pulp necrosis. In contrast, the formocresol group demonstrated pulp inflammation without mineralized bridge formation. Conclusions Acemannan is biocompatible with the dental pulp. Furthermore, Acemannan stimulated dentin regeneration in teeth with reversible pulpitis.
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Clinical, radiographic, and histologic analysis of the effects of Acemannan used in direct pulp capping of human primary teeth: short-term outcomes
Odontology, 2016Co-Authors: Siriporn Songsiripradubboon, Wijit Banlunara, Polkit Sangvanich, Chutima Trairatvorakul, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:Acemannan has been previously reported as a direct pulp-capping agent in animal study. This natural material demonstrated its biocompatibility and enhanced reparative dentin formation. The objective of this study was to investigate the action of Acemannan as a direct pulp-capping material in human primary teeth with deep caries. Forty-two deeply carious mandibular primary molars from 37 children, aged 7–11 years old diagnosed with reversible pulpitis were studied. After completely removing the infected dentine, teeth with a pinpoint pulpal exposure were randomly divided into two treatment groups: Acemannan or calcium hydroxide. A glass-ionomer cement base was applied to all teeth prior to restoration with stainless steel crowns. Clinical and radiographic evaluation was performed 6 months post-treatment. The teeth due to exfoliate were extracted and histopathologically evaluated for inflammation, dentine bridge formation, and soft tissue organization. At 6 months, the overall clinical and radiographic success rates of direct pulp capping with Acemannan and calcium hydroxide at 6 months were 72.73 and 70.0 %, respectively. The histopathological results indicated that the Acemannan-treated group had significantly better histopathological responses compared with the calcium hydroxide-treated group ( p
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Clinical, radiographic, and histologic analysis of the effects of Acemannan used in direct pulp capping of human primary teeth: short-term outcomes
Odontology, 2015Co-Authors: Siriporn Songsiripradubboon, Wijit Banlunara, Polkit Sangvanich, Chutima Trairatvorakul, Pasutha ThunyakitpisalAbstract:Acemannan has been previously reported as a direct pulp-capping agent in animal study. This natural material demonstrated its biocompatibility and enhanced reparative dentin formation. The objective of this study was to investigate the action of Acemannan as a direct pulp-capping material in human primary teeth with deep caries. Forty-two deeply carious mandibular primary molars from 37 children, aged 7–11 years old diagnosed with reversible pulpitis were studied. After completely removing the infected dentine, teeth with a pinpoint pulpal exposure were randomly divided into two treatment groups: Acemannan or calcium hydroxide. A glass-ionomer cement base was applied to all teeth prior to restoration with stainless steel crowns. Clinical and radiographic evaluation was performed 6 months post-treatment. The teeth due to exfoliate were extracted and histopathologically evaluated for inflammation, dentine bridge formation, and soft tissue organization. At 6 months, the overall clinical and radiographic success rates of direct pulp capping with Acemannan and calcium hydroxide at 6 months were 72.73 and 70.0 %, respectively. The histopathological results indicated that the Acemannan-treated group had significantly better histopathological responses compared with the calcium hydroxide-treated group (p < 0.05). These data suggest Acemannan offers a valuable alternative biomaterial for vital pulp therapy in primary teeth.
Antoni Femenia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of thermosonication for Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) juice processing: Impact on the functional properties and the main bioactive polysaccharides.
Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Guadalupe Alvarado-morales, Jorge Armando Meza-velázquez, R. Minjares-fuentes, Juan C. Contreras-esquivel, Julio C. Montañez, Antoni FemeniaAbstract:Abstract The impact of thermosonication on the functional properties and the main polysaccharides from Aloe vera was investigated. Thermal processing was used for comparison purposes. Acemannan was the predominant polysaccharide in Aloe vera juice followed by pectins. Interestingly, thermosonication promoted a minor degradation of the acetylated mannose from Acemannan than thermal processing. On the other hand, the degree of methylesterification of pectins was slightly reduced as a consequence of thermosonication. Further, swelling and fat adsorption capacities were improved by thermosonication. Thus, the highest values for swelling (>150 mL/g AIR) and for fat adsorption capacity (∼120 g oil/g AIR) were observed when thermosonication was performed at 50 °C for 6 min. Moreover, high inactivation of L. plantarum (∼75%) was observed when thermosonication was carried out at 50 °C for 9 min. Interestingly, thermosonication promoted a similar color change (ΔE = 7.7) to the modification observed during pasteurization carried out at 75 °C for 15 min (ΔE = 8.2 ± 0.9). Overall, these results suggested that thermosonication could be a good alternative to thermal procedures of Aloe vera juice, since not only caused minor degradation of bioactive polysaccharides but was also able to improve functional properties.
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Influence of water deficit on the main polysaccharides and the rheological properties of Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) mucilage
Industrial Crops and Products, 2017Co-Authors: R. Minjares-fuentes, V.m. Rodríguez-gonzález, Rubén Francisco González-laredo, Valeria S. Eim, Luis Medina-torres, Antoni FemeniaAbstract:Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of water deficit on the composition of the main polysaccharides and rheological behaviour from Aloe vera ( Aloe barbadensis Miller) mucilage. In particular, plants with 0 (D0), 40 (D40) and 60% (D60) water deficits were used. Water-soluble polysaccharides were isolated and subjected to carbohydrate and glycosidic linkage analysis. The steady-shear and linear oscillatory flows were studied, not only in fresh but also in reconstituted mucilages. Acemannan and pectic substances were the predominant polysaccharides in the Aloe vera mucilage, being the bioactive polymer Acemannan the most affected by water deficit. Thus, increasing the water deficit by up to 60% promoted a mannose decrease of 41%, although a significant increase in its average molecular weight, from 54 to 98 kDa, was detected. Interestingly, Acemannan did not undergo deacetylation as a consequence of the water deficits applied. All Aloe vera mucilages, either fresh or reconstituted, exhibited a shear-thinning flow behaviour ( n 1). However, water deficit affected the mechanical properties, changes being more noticeable in the reconstituted mucilages. Thus, the viscosity ( η 1 ) of reconstituted mucilages increased, from 0.12 to 0.28 Pa·s, as water deficit increased, whereas their flow index ( n ) decreased from 0.57 to 0.47. Further, D40 and D60 reconstituted mucilages exhibited an E a of 17.4 and 17.6 kJ/mol, respectively, whilst, for D0, E a was 16.7 kJ/mol. Interestingly, only the D40 reconstituted mucilage showed a crossover point at 7.39 rad/s between viscous and elastic modulus. The understanding of the influence of water deficit on the main physico-chemical characteristics of Aloe vera polysaccharides and, in turn, of its effect on the rheology of the mucilages could be a useful tool for the design, development and control of biologically active ingredients based on the Aloe vera plant.
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Effect of different drying procedures on the bioactive polysaccharide Acemannan from Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller)
Carbohydrate Polymers, 2017Co-Authors: R. Minjares-fuentes, V.m. Rodríguez-gonzález, Rubén Francisco González-laredo, Valeria S. Eim, María Reyes González-centeno, Antoni FemeniaAbstract:The main effects of different drying procedures: spray-, industrial freeze-, refractance window- and radiant zone-drying, on Acemannan, the main bioactive polysaccharide from Aloe vera gel, were investigated. All the drying procedures caused a considerable decrease in the Acemannan yield (∼40%). Degradation affected not only the backbone, as indicated by the important losses of (1→4)-linked mannose units, but also the side-chains formed by galactose. In addition, methylation analysis suggested the deacetylation of mannose units (>60%), which was confirmed by 1H NMR analysis. Interestingly, all these changes were reflected in the functional properties which were severely affected. Thus, water retention capacity values from processed samples decreased ∼50%, and a reduction greater than 80% was determined in swelling and fat adsorption capacity values. Therefore, these important modifications should be taken into consideration, since not only the functionality but also the physiological effects attributed to many Aloe vera-based products could also be affected.
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Effects of pasteurization on bioactive polysaccharide Acemannan and cell wall polymers from Aloe barbadensis Miller
Carbohydrate Polymers, 2011Co-Authors: V.m. Rodríguez-gonzález, Antoni Femenia, Rubén Francisco González-laredo, Nuria Elizabeth Rocha-guzmán, J.a. Gallegos-infante, María Guadalupe Candelas-cadillo, Patricia Ramírez-baca, Susana Simal, Carmen RossellóAbstract:Abstract Physico-chemical modifications promoted by pasteurization treatments, performed at 65, 75 and 85 °C, for 15 and 25 min, on Acemannan, the main bioactive polysaccharide from Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) parenchyma, and cell wall polymers (CWP) were evaluated. The fresh Aloe samples were characterized by a relatively low content of Acemannan (107–139 mg/g dm) probably due to the irrigation system used for its cultivation. Pasteurization seemed to increase the yields in Acemannan content. However this effect was probably due to the decrease observed in ethanol-soluble mannose for all treatments. Deacetylation and loss of galactose side-chains might have contributed to the formation of new hydrogen bonds between mannose oligosaccharides and the long chains of Acemannan. On the other hand, fresh Aloes exhibited a high content of pectic polysacharides, mainly homogalacturonans, accounting for up to 59% of total CWP. Further, pasteurization also affected the CWP, mainly the pectic moieties, in two different ways. On the one hand, a slight degradation of pectins was observed for samples treated at 65 °C which may be due to enzymatic degradation. On the other hand, the marked decrease in the pectic polymers (mainly homogalacturonans), observed for samples treated at 85 °C, may be due to their thermal degradation. Compositional and structural modifications on the different polysaccharide types were reflected by the significant changes occurring in the related functional properties, such as swelling (Sw), water retention capacity (WRC), and fat adsorption capacity (FAC). Swelling values were “exceptionally” high for fresh Aloe samples (over 200 mL water/g alcohol insoluble residue (AIR)), and pasteurized samples exhibited even higher Sw values. WRC and FAC values were also very high and exhibited similar trends; only samples pasteurized at 85 °C presented a significant decrease in comparison to the values determined for fresh samples.
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Effects of heat treatment and dehydration on bioactive polysaccharide Acemannan and cell wall polymers from Aloe barbadensis Miller
Carbohydrate Polymers, 2003Co-Authors: Antoni Femenia, Susana Simal, Pablo García-pascual, Carmen RossellóAbstract:Abstract Physico-chemical modifications promoted by heat treatment and dehydration at different temperatures (30–80 °C) on Acemannan, a bioactive polysacharide from aloe vera ( Aloe barbadensis Miller) parenchyma, were evaluated. Modification of Acemannan, a storage polysaccharide, was particularly significant when dehydration was performed above 60 °C. Heating promoted marked changes in the average molecular weight (MW) of the bioactive polysaccharide, increasing from 45 kDa, in fresh aloe, to 75 and 81 kDa, for samples dehydrated at 70 and 80 °C, respectively. This could be attributed to structural modifications, such as deacetylation and losses of galactose-rich side-chains from the mannose backbone. These structural modifications were reflected by the significant changes occurring in the related functional properties, such as swelling, water retention capacity, and fat adsorption capacity, which exhibited a significant decrease as the temperature of dehydration increased. Further, dehydration also promoted significant modification of the main type of cell wall polysaccharides present within the aloe parenchyma tissues. Pectic polysaccharides from the cell wall matrix were affected by heating, probably due to either β-elimination processes or enzyme-catalysed degradation. The influence that these physico-chemical modifications might have on the bioactivity and properties of processed products from A. barbadensis Miller needs to be considered.
Liliana Cardemil - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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water deficit and abscisic acid treatments increase the expression of a glucomannan mannosyltransferase gene gmmt in aloe vera burm f
Phytochemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Pamela Salinas, Carlos Salinas, Rodrigo A Contreras, Gustavo E Zuniga, Paul Dupree, Liliana CardemilAbstract:Abstract The main polysaccharide of the gel present in the leaves of or Aloe vera Burm.F., ( Aloe barbadensis Miller) a xerophytic crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plant, is an acetylated glucomannan named Acemannan. This polysaccharide is responsible for the succulence of the plant, helping it to retain water. In this study we determined using polysaccharide analysis by carbohydrate gel electrophoresis (PACE) that the Acemannan is a glucomannan without galactose side branches. We also investigated the expression of the gene responsible for Acemannan backbone synthesis, encoding a glucomannan mannosyltransferase (GMMT, EC 2.4.1.32), since there are no previous reports on GMMT expression under water stress in general and specifically in Aloe vera . It was found by in silico analyses that the GMMT gene belongs to the cellulose synthase-like A type-9 ( CSLA9 ) subfamily. Using RT-qPCR it was found that the expression of GMMT increased significantly in Aloe vera plants subjected to water stress. This expression correlates with an increase of endogenous ABA levels, suggesting that the gene expression could be regulated by ABA. To corroborate this hypothesis, exogenous ABA was applied to non-water-stressed plants, resulting in a significant increase of GMMT expression after 48 h of ABA treatment.
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expression of a glucomannan mannosyltransferase gene gmmt from aloe vera is induced by water deficit and abscisic acid
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Cynthia Pamela Salinas, Carlos Salinas, Rodrigo A Contreras, Gustavo E Zuniga, Paul Dupree, Liliana CardemilAbstract:In Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera), a xerophytic crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plant, the main polysaccharide of the gel present in the leaves is an acetylated glucomannan named Acemannan. This polysaccharide is responsible for the plant succulence, helping it to retain water. In this study, we determined by polysaccharide analysis using carbohydrate gel electrophoresis (PACE) analysis that the Acemannan is a glucomannan without galactose side branches. We also investigated the expression of the gene responsible for Acemannan backbone synthesis, encoding a glucomannan mannosyltransferase (GMMT). It was found by in silico analyses that the GMMT gene belongs to the cellulose synthase A-like type-9 ( CSLA9 ) subfamily. Using RT-qPCR it was found that the expression of GMMT increased in Aloe vera plants subjected to water stress. This expression correlates with an increase of endogenous ABA levels, suggesting that the gene expression could be regulated by ABA. To corroborate this hypothesis, exogenous ABA was applied to non-water-stressed plants, increasing the expression of GMMT significantly 48 h after ABA treatment.
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Acemannan and Fructans from Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) plants as novel prebiotics.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2017Co-Authors: Maria Paz Quezada, Carlos Salinas, Martin Gotteland, Liliana CardemilAbstract:The nutraceutical properties of Aloe vera have been attributed to a glucomannan known as Acemannan. Recently information has been published about the presence of fructans in Aloe vera but there are no publications about Acemannan and fructans as prebiotic compounds. This study investigated in vitro the prebiotic properties of these polysaccharides. Our results demonstrated that fructans from Aloe vera induced bacterial growth better than inulin (commercial FOS). Acemannan stimulated bacterial growth less than fructans, and as much as commercial FOS. Using qPCR to study the bacterial population of human feces fermented in a bioreactor simulating colon conditions, we found that fructans induce an increase in the population of Bifidobacterium spp. Fructans produced greater amounts of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), while the branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA) did not increase with these polysaccharides. Acemannan increased significantly acetate concentrations. Therefore, both Aloe vera polysaccharides have pr...
