Atherigona soccata

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Prem Kishore - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

H C Sharma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mechanisms and diversity of resistance to sorghum shoot fly Atherigona soccata
    Plant Breeding, 2015
    Co-Authors: Belum V S Reddy, Mohammed Riyazaddin, Polavarapu Kavi B Kishor, Ashok A Kumar, Rajendra S Munghate, H C Sharma
    Abstract:

    Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata, is one of the important pests of postrainy season sorghums. Of the 90 sorghum genotypes evaluated for resistance to this pest, RHRB 12, ICSV 713, 25026, 93046 and 25027, IS 33844-5, Giddi Maldandi and RVRT 3 exhibited resistance in postrainy season, while ICSB 463, Phule Anuradha, RHRB 19, Parbhani Moti, ICSV 705, PS 35805, IS 5480, 5622, 17726, 18368 and 34722, RVRT 1, ICSR 93031 and Dagidi Solapur showed resistance in rainy season, suggesting season-specific expression of resistance to A. soccata. ICSB 461, ICSB 463, Phule Yasodha, M 35-1, ICSV 700, 711, 25010, 25019 and 93089, IS 18662, Phule Vasudha, IS 18551 and 33844-5 and Barsizoot had fewer deadhearts than plants with eggs across seasons, suggesting antibiosis as one of the resistance mechanism. Five genotypes exhibited resistance with high grain yield across seasons. Correlation, path and stepwise regression analyses indicated that leaf glossiness, seedling vigour, trichome density, oviposition and leaf sheath pigmentation were associated with the expression of resistance/susceptibility to shoot fly, and these can be used as marker traits to select and develop shoot fly-resistant sorghums.

  • stability of resistance to sorghum shoot fly Atherigona soccata
    Field Crops Research, 2015
    Co-Authors: H C Sharma, D G Daware, Ashok A Kumar, Rajendra S Munghate, B V S Reddy, Vitthal R Bhagwat, Suraj P Sharma, Dattaji B Pawar, Krishna Bhat Prabhakar, S P Mehtre
    Abstract:

    Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata is one of the most important pests of dual-purpose sorghums during the postrainy season in India. Therefore, it is important to identify stable sources of resistance to develop cultivars with shoot fly resistance and adaptation to postrainy season. We evaluated 190 lines adapted to the postrainy season across five locations, of which 30 lines were identified with resistance to A. soccata. These lines were further evaluated for three seasons across five locations to identify lines with stable resistance to this pest across seasons and locations. Data were recorded on oviposition non-preference, deadheart incidence, recovery resistance, morphological traits (leaf glossiness, seedling vigor, plant height and days to 50% flowering), and grain yield. The sorghum genotypes CSV 22, ICSB 422, ICSB 425, ICSB 428, ICSB 432, ICSB 458, ICSB 463, IS 2312, IS 5480, IS 18662, Phule Chitra, RSV 1093, IS 18551, and RSV 1235 exhibited resistance to shoot fly damage across seasons, of which ICSB 425, ICSB 428, ICSB 432, IS 2312, IS 5480, and IS 18551 showed non-preference for oviposition. Six genotypes (ICSB 425, IS 2312, IS 18662, RSV 1090, RSV 1093, and IS 18551) also showed good recovery resistance following shoot fly damage. Principal coordinate analysis placed the maintainer lines (B-lines) with shoot fly resistance in two clusters with ICSB 422, ICSB 432, ICSB 435, ICSB 456 and ICSB 458 in one cluster and ICSB 425, ICSB 428 and ICSB 463 in the other; the open pollinated varieties/germplasm lines (restorers) were placed in a different group (CSV 22, IS 5480, IS 2312 and RSV 1093), suggesting the possibilities for developing hybrids with adaptation to the postrainy season. Based on regression coefficient and deadheart incidence, the genotypes IS 2312, ICSB 425, RSV 1090 and ICSB 428 were stable in expression of resistance to shoot fly across seasons and locations. The genotypes CSV 22 and RSV 1093 exhibited high grain yield potential and resistance to shoot fly damage, while Phule Yashoda, IS 2312, RSV 1235, and ICSV 574 were moderately resistant to shoot fly damage, but had high grain yield potential. These genotypes can be used in sorghum improvement for developing cultivars with shoot fly resistance, high grain yield and adaptation to postrainy season.

  • constitutive and inducible resistance to Atherigona soccata diptera muscidae in sorghum bicolor
    Journal of Economic Entomology, 2012
    Co-Authors: H C Sharma, Siva K Chamarthi, Peter M Vijay, Lakshmi Narasu
    Abstract:

    Host plant resistance is one of the important components for minimizing the losses because of sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata (Diptera: Muscidae) attack. Therefore, we studied the constitutive and inducible biochemical mechanisms of resistance to A. soccata in a diverse array of sorghum genotypes to identify lines with diverse mechanisms of resistance to this insect. Fifteen sorghum genotypes with different levels of resistance to A. soccata were evaluated. Methanol extracts of 10-d old damaged and undamaged sorghum seedlings were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Association between peak areas of the identified and unidentified compounds with parameters measuring A. soccata resistance was determined through correlation analysis. Amounts of p-hydroxy benzaldehyde and the unidentified compounds at RTs 24.38 and 3.70 min were associated with susceptibility to A. soccata. Genotypes exhibiting resistance to A. soccata were placed in four groups, and the lines showing constitutive and/ or induced resistance to A. soccata with different combinations of biochemical factors potentially could be used for increasing the levels of resistance to A. soccata in sorghum.

  • physico chemical mechanisms of resistance to shoot fly Atherigona soccata in sorghum sorghum bicolor
    Journal of Applied Entomology, 2011
    Co-Authors: H C Sharma, Siva K Chamarthi, Lakshmi Narasu, K L Sahrawat, M K Dhillon
    Abstract:

    Sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata is an important pest of sorghum, and host plant resistance is one of the important components for minimizing the losses due to this pest. Therefore, we evaluated a diverse array of sorghum genotypes to identify physico-chemical characteristics conferring resistance to A. soccata. Susceptibility to shoot fly was associated with high amounts of soluble sugars, fats, leaf surface wetness and seedling vigour; while leaf glossiness, plumule and leaf sheath pigmentation, trichome density and high tannin, Mg and Zn showed resistance to shoot fly. Stepwise regression indicated that Mg, Zn, soluble sugars, tannins, fats, leaf glossiness, leaf sheath and plumule pigmentation and trichome density explained 99.8% of the variation in shoot fly damage. Path coefficient analysis suggested that leaf glossiness, trichome density, Mg and fat content and plant plumule pigmentation can be used as markers traits to select for shoot fly resistance in sorghum.

  • wild relatives of sorghum as sources of resistance to sorghum shoot fly Atherigona soccata
    Plant Breeding, 2009
    Co-Authors: V Kamala, H C Sharma, K S Varaprasad, P J Bramel
    Abstract:

    The levels of resistance to shoot fly, Atherigona soccata in sorghum germplasm are low to moderate and therefore, we evaluated 17 wild relatives of sorghum under field and greenhouse conditions as an alternate source of genes for resistance to this pest. Thirty-two accessions belonging to Parasorghum, Stiposorghum and Heterosorghum did not suffer any shoot fly damage under multi-choice conditions in the field, while one accession each of Heterosorghum (Sorghum laxiflorum) and Chaetosorghum (S. macrospermum) suffered very low shoot fly damage. Accessions belonging to S. exstans (TRC 243601), S. stipoideum (TRC 243399) and S. matarankense (TRC 243576) showed absolute non-preference for oviposition under no-choice conditions. Accessions belonging to Heterosorghum, Parasorghum and Stiposorghum were preferred for oviposition, but suffered low deadheart formation. Manual infestation of seedlings with shoot fly eggs did not result in deadheart formation in some of the accessions belonging to S. exstans (TRC 243601), S. stipoideum (TRC 243399), S. matarankense (TRC 243576) and S. purpureosericeum (IS 18944). Larval mortality was recorded in main stems of the Parasorghums. Within section Sorghum, accessions belonging to S. bicolor ssp. verticilliflorum were highly susceptible to shoot fly, as were those of S. halepense. However, a few accessions such as IS 18226 (race arundinaceum) and IS 14212 (S. halepense) resulted in reduced survival and fecundity. Wild relatives of sorghum exhibited very high levels of antibiosis to A. soccata, while only low levels of antibiosis have been observed in the cultivated germplasm. Therefore, wild relatives with different mechanisms of resistance can be used as a source of alternate genes to increase the levels and diversify the basis of resistance to shoot fly, A. soccata.

Y V R Reddy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evidence of shoot fly Atherigona soccata rondani dipt muscidae oviposition response to sorghum seedling volatiles
    Journal of Applied Entomology, 1998
    Co-Authors: K F Nwanze, F E Nwilene, Y V R Reddy
    Abstract:

    The effects of Atherigona soccata-resistant (IS 18551) and -susceptible (CSH 5) sorghum seedling volatiles on oviposition by the pest were investigated by exposing mated females to various treatments under greenhouse conditions. It is hypothesized that susceptible-genotype and younger (5-10 days after emergence, (DAE)) seedlings emit different quantities and/or blends of volatiles than resistant or older (14-21 DAE) ones. A. soccata response was greater to host plant odour alone than to host plant plus fishmeal. A transparent trap with 10-day-old susceptible seedlings was found to be more effective and efficient for adult attraction than the other two types of traps (live fly trap and black trap). The present study indicated that females of A. soccata are attracted both to the volatiles emitted by the susceptible seedlings, and to phototactic (optical) stimuli that may facilitate orientation to its host for oviposition, but volatile blends associated with adult attraction will be reported in due course to confirm these results.

  • fecundity and diurnal oviposition behaviour of sorghum shoot fly Atherigona soccata rondani diptera muscidae
    Entomon, 1998
    Co-Authors: K F Nwanze, F E Nwilene, Y V R Reddy
    Abstract:

    The fecundity and diurnal oviposition behaviour of Atherigona soccata was studied on CSH 5, a susceptible sorghum genotype, under greenhouse conditions. The fecundity of females deprived of 10-day-old sorghum seedlings was drastically reduced, and no fertile eggs were laid after 11 days of host deprivation. However, when the females were provided with host plants, egg production was prolonged, and fell considerably after the flies reached 22 days of age. There were three distinct peaks (6-7, 13-14 and 18-19 days of age) in egg-laying activity. Further studies with flies of three age groups (7, 13 and 19 days old) did not show significant differences in diurnal oviposition pattern with age. However, most eggs (60%) were laid between 08.00 and 12.00 h. It was evident from the present study that the prolonged egg-laying capacity of female A. soccata when provided with a susceptible host may partly account for the dramatic increase in damage as the crop season advances, since there would be a geometric increase in active females with every new generation of flies.

  • leaf surface wetness in sorghum and resistance to shoot fly Atherigona soccata role of soil and plant water potentials
    Annals of Applied Biology, 1994
    Co-Authors: P Soman, K F Nwanze, D R Butler, K B Laryea, Y V R Reddy
    Abstract:

    Summary In experiments with potted plants, the relationships between soil matric potential, plant water potential and production of water droplets (leaf surface wetness) on the folded central whorl leaf of seedlings of sorghum genotypes that are either resistant or susceptible to shoot fly (Atherigona soccata) damage were investigated. Differences in soil matric potentials in the pots affected the plant water status, which in turn had profound effects on the production of water droplets on the central whorl leaf of the sorghum genotype susceptible to shoot fly. There was no consistent variation in the relationship between plant water potential and soil matric potential of resistant and susceptible sorghum genotypes. However, there was very little or practically no water droplets on the central whorl leaf of the resistant genotypes, indicating that the production of water droplets is not solely the result of internal water status of the plant. It is suggested that leaf surface wetness is genetically controlled and that an understanding of the mechanism by which water is transferred to the leaf surface will enhance breeding for resistance to shoot fly.

  • The dynamics of leaf surface wetness of sorghum seedlings in relation to resistance to the shoot fly, Atherigona soccata
    Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 1992
    Co-Authors: K F Nwanze, D D R Reddy, Y V R Reddy, P S Sree, D R Butler, P Soman
    Abstract:

    In quantitative measurements of leaf surface wetness (LSW) of the central whorl leaf of sorghum seedlings in August (rainy season) and November (post-rainy season), the highest amount (6.29 mg of water) was recorded in August in the shoot fly Atherigona soccata (Diptera: Muscidae), susceptible sorghum genotype CSH 1, while the lowest (0.07 mg) was recorded in November in the resistant genotype IS 18551. Studies on diurnal fluctuation revealed that LSW was lowest at sunset, was highest between 02.00 and 04.00 h (closely corresponding with hatching of shoot fly eggs) and dropped before sunrise. This fluctuation was associated with the evaporation of water from the plant during the night. More LSW accumulation occurred during the main crop season (June-October) than in the post-rainy season (November-April). Annual fluctuation of LSW followed trends similar to the population dynamics of shoot fly and crop infestation and were correlated with rainfall, temperature and relative humidity. Measurements of leaf temperature and the vapour pressure gradient between the leaf and the air indicated that leaf surface water originates from the plant. This was further supported by the different amounts of LSW on susceptible and resistant cultivars with similar microclimatic conditions.

  • resistance in sorghum to the shoot fly Atherigona soccata epicuticular wax and wetness of the central whorl leaf of young seedlings
    Annals of Applied Biology, 1992
    Co-Authors: K F Nwanze, Y V R Reddy, R J Pring, P S Sree, D R Butler, P Soman
    Abstract:

    Summary Sorghum genotypes known to be resistant or susceptible to shoot fly, Atherigona soccata Rondani were examined by scanning electron microscopy for differences in epicuticular wax structure and wetness of the central leaf whorl. Two major types of wax structures were observed: shoot fly resistant and moderately resistant genotypes were characterised by a smooth amorphous wax layer and sparse wax crystals while susceptible genotypes possessed a dense meshwork of crystalline epicuticular wax. The density of wax crystals decreased from the third leaf to the seventh leaf stage and was related to both seedling age and leaf position. Water droplets on susceptible genotypes with dense wax crystals showed spreading at the edges indicating a tendency to wet easily. In resistant genotypes with less dense wax crystals the droplets remained intact and did not spread.

K F Nwanze - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evidence of shoot fly Atherigona soccata rondani dipt muscidae oviposition response to sorghum seedling volatiles
    Journal of Applied Entomology, 1998
    Co-Authors: K F Nwanze, F E Nwilene, Y V R Reddy
    Abstract:

    The effects of Atherigona soccata-resistant (IS 18551) and -susceptible (CSH 5) sorghum seedling volatiles on oviposition by the pest were investigated by exposing mated females to various treatments under greenhouse conditions. It is hypothesized that susceptible-genotype and younger (5-10 days after emergence, (DAE)) seedlings emit different quantities and/or blends of volatiles than resistant or older (14-21 DAE) ones. A. soccata response was greater to host plant odour alone than to host plant plus fishmeal. A transparent trap with 10-day-old susceptible seedlings was found to be more effective and efficient for adult attraction than the other two types of traps (live fly trap and black trap). The present study indicated that females of A. soccata are attracted both to the volatiles emitted by the susceptible seedlings, and to phototactic (optical) stimuli that may facilitate orientation to its host for oviposition, but volatile blends associated with adult attraction will be reported in due course to confirm these results.

  • fecundity and diurnal oviposition behaviour of sorghum shoot fly Atherigona soccata rondani diptera muscidae
    Entomon, 1998
    Co-Authors: K F Nwanze, F E Nwilene, Y V R Reddy
    Abstract:

    The fecundity and diurnal oviposition behaviour of Atherigona soccata was studied on CSH 5, a susceptible sorghum genotype, under greenhouse conditions. The fecundity of females deprived of 10-day-old sorghum seedlings was drastically reduced, and no fertile eggs were laid after 11 days of host deprivation. However, when the females were provided with host plants, egg production was prolonged, and fell considerably after the flies reached 22 days of age. There were three distinct peaks (6-7, 13-14 and 18-19 days of age) in egg-laying activity. Further studies with flies of three age groups (7, 13 and 19 days old) did not show significant differences in diurnal oviposition pattern with age. However, most eggs (60%) were laid between 08.00 and 12.00 h. It was evident from the present study that the prolonged egg-laying capacity of female A. soccata when provided with a susceptible host may partly account for the dramatic increase in damage as the crop season advances, since there would be a geometric increase in active females with every new generation of flies.

  • leaf surface wetness in sorghum and resistance to shoot fly Atherigona soccata role of soil and plant water potentials
    Annals of Applied Biology, 1994
    Co-Authors: P Soman, K F Nwanze, D R Butler, K B Laryea, Y V R Reddy
    Abstract:

    Summary In experiments with potted plants, the relationships between soil matric potential, plant water potential and production of water droplets (leaf surface wetness) on the folded central whorl leaf of seedlings of sorghum genotypes that are either resistant or susceptible to shoot fly (Atherigona soccata) damage were investigated. Differences in soil matric potentials in the pots affected the plant water status, which in turn had profound effects on the production of water droplets on the central whorl leaf of the sorghum genotype susceptible to shoot fly. There was no consistent variation in the relationship between plant water potential and soil matric potential of resistant and susceptible sorghum genotypes. However, there was very little or practically no water droplets on the central whorl leaf of the resistant genotypes, indicating that the production of water droplets is not solely the result of internal water status of the plant. It is suggested that leaf surface wetness is genetically controlled and that an understanding of the mechanism by which water is transferred to the leaf surface will enhance breeding for resistance to shoot fly.

  • The dynamics of leaf surface wetness of sorghum seedlings in relation to resistance to the shoot fly, Atherigona soccata
    Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 1992
    Co-Authors: K F Nwanze, D D R Reddy, Y V R Reddy, P S Sree, D R Butler, P Soman
    Abstract:

    In quantitative measurements of leaf surface wetness (LSW) of the central whorl leaf of sorghum seedlings in August (rainy season) and November (post-rainy season), the highest amount (6.29 mg of water) was recorded in August in the shoot fly Atherigona soccata (Diptera: Muscidae), susceptible sorghum genotype CSH 1, while the lowest (0.07 mg) was recorded in November in the resistant genotype IS 18551. Studies on diurnal fluctuation revealed that LSW was lowest at sunset, was highest between 02.00 and 04.00 h (closely corresponding with hatching of shoot fly eggs) and dropped before sunrise. This fluctuation was associated with the evaporation of water from the plant during the night. More LSW accumulation occurred during the main crop season (June-October) than in the post-rainy season (November-April). Annual fluctuation of LSW followed trends similar to the population dynamics of shoot fly and crop infestation and were correlated with rainfall, temperature and relative humidity. Measurements of leaf temperature and the vapour pressure gradient between the leaf and the air indicated that leaf surface water originates from the plant. This was further supported by the different amounts of LSW on susceptible and resistant cultivars with similar microclimatic conditions.

  • resistance in sorghum to the shoot fly Atherigona soccata epicuticular wax and wetness of the central whorl leaf of young seedlings
    Annals of Applied Biology, 1992
    Co-Authors: K F Nwanze, Y V R Reddy, R J Pring, P S Sree, D R Butler, P Soman
    Abstract:

    Summary Sorghum genotypes known to be resistant or susceptible to shoot fly, Atherigona soccata Rondani were examined by scanning electron microscopy for differences in epicuticular wax structure and wetness of the central leaf whorl. Two major types of wax structures were observed: shoot fly resistant and moderately resistant genotypes were characterised by a smooth amorphous wax layer and sparse wax crystals while susceptible genotypes possessed a dense meshwork of crystalline epicuticular wax. The density of wax crystals decreased from the third leaf to the seventh leaf stage and was related to both seedling age and leaf position. Water droplets on susceptible genotypes with dense wax crystals showed spreading at the edges indicating a tendency to wet easily. In resistant genotypes with less dense wax crystals the droplets remained intact and did not spread.

R K Stewart - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • parasitism of sorghum shoot fly larvae Atherigona soccata rondani diptera muscidae by neotrichoporoides nyemitawus rohwer hymenoptera eulophidae
    International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 1993
    Co-Authors: J O Zongo, C Vincent, R K Stewart
    Abstract:

    Larval parasitism of the sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata Rondarli (Diptera: Muscidae), by Neotrichoporoides nyemitawus Rohwer (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) was studied in the laboratory. Ten shoot fly larvae of each instar (3) and two periods of exposure (24,48 h) were used in a factorial design with four replicates. Significant differences of parasitism were observed with respect to instars, periods of exposure, and the interaction instar-period of exposure. The second larval instar was most parasitized (68.75 and 85% of parasitism after 24 and 48 h, respectively), followed by the first instar (46.25% of parasitism) exposed for 48 h to adult parasitoids. N. nyemitawus was an effective shoot fly endo-larval parasitoid. Observations on N. nyemitawus searching sorghum seedlings for shoot fly larvae are summarized.

  • Parasitism of Sorghum Shoot Fly Larvae, Atherigona soccata Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) by Neotrichoporoides Nyemitawus Rohwer (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)
    International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 1993
    Co-Authors: J O Zongo, C Vincent, R K Stewart
    Abstract:

    Larval parasitism of the sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata Rondarli (Diptera: Muscidae), by Neotrichoporoides nyemitawus Rohwer (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) was studied in the laboratory. Ten shoot fly larvae of each instar (3) and two periods of exposure (24,48 h) were used in a factorial design with four replicates. Significant differences of parasitism were observed with respect to instars, periods of exposure, and the interaction instar-period of exposure. The second larval instar was most parasitized (68.75 and 85% of parasitism after 24 and 48 h, respectively), followed by the first instar (46.25% of parasitism) exposed for 48 h to adult parasitoids. N. nyemitawus was an effective shoot fly endo-larval parasitoid. Observations on N. nyemitawus searching sorghum seedlings for shoot fly larvae are summarized. Le parasitisme larvaire de la mouche des pousses du sorgho, Atherigona soccata Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae), par Neotrichoporoides nyemitawus Rohwer (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) a été étudié au laboratoire. Dix larves de chaque stade larvaire de la mouche et deux temps d’exposition (24, 48 h) ont été utilisés dans un dispositif factoriel en quatre répétitions. Des différences significatives ont été observés entre les stades larvaires de la mouche, les temps d’exposition et l’interaction stade larvaire-temps d’exposition. Les stades larvaires les plus parasites ont été le deuxième (68,75 et 85% de parasitisme respectivement après 24 et 48 h) suivi du premier après 48 h d’exposition (46,25% de parasitisme). N. nyemitawus a été un endoparasitoïde larvaire efficace. Le comportement d’attaque de N. nyemitawus est succintement décrit.

  • biology oftrichogrammatoidea simmondsi hym trichogrammatidae on sorghum shoot fly Atherigona soccata dipt muscidae eggs
    Biocontrol, 1993
    Co-Authors: J O Zongo, C Vincent, R K Stewart
    Abstract:

    Experiments were conducted in a rearing room to study the biology ofTrichogrammatoidea simmondsi Nagaraja (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) on sorghum shoot fly,Atherigona soccata Rondani (Dipt.: Muscidae) eggs. Shoot fly eggs were divided in two groups: 1) eggs 24 h old eggs. Thirty eggs of each group were used in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Shoot fly eggs less than 24 h old were preferred (73% of parasitism) over 24 h old eggs (7.25%). Three larval instars ofT. simmondsi were observed. Few eggs with twoT. simmondsi exit holes (1.87%) were recorded in > 24 h old eggs compared with < 24 h ones (3.74%). The sex ratio male: female was 1 ∶ 1.47. The development from oviposition to adult emergence ranged from 7 to 12 days (average=9.8±1.31, n=40), and the average life span of male and femaleT. simmondsi was 25±1.46 h (range 22–26 h, n=12) and 35.17±10.9 (range 25–50 h, n=28) respectively at 26° C, 60–65% R.H. and 12 ∶ 12 (L/D) photoperiod. This paper constitutes the first published information on the biology ofT. simmondsi on the sorghum shoot fly eggs.

  • effects of intercropping sorghum cowpea on natural enemies of the sorghum shoot fly Atherigona soccata diptera muscidae in burkina faso
    Biological Agriculture & Horticulture, 1993
    Co-Authors: J O Zongo, C Vincent, R K Stewart
    Abstract:

    Experiments were conducted in 1990 and 1991 at Matourkou near Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso (West Africa), to study the effect of intercropping sorghum-cowpea, Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench)—Vigna unguiculata (Walp.), on the natural enemies of the sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae). Sampling was done weekly, on six occasions starting 10 days after sowing. Natural enemies of eggs were Trichogrammatoidea simmondsi Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatoidae), Tapinoma sp. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Fusarium sp. and a bacterium, Corynebacterium sp. Other insect species included a thysanopteran (Phlaeothripidae, Haplothripinae) and Dicrodiphosis sp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) which were also associated with the sorghum shoot fly eggs. No significant differences were observed between the pure sorghum and the intercropped sorghum-cowpea with respect to T. simmondsi parasitism. Larval parasitoids were Neotrichoporoides nyemitawus Rohwer (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), (6 to 17.50% of parasitism...

  • monitoring adult sorghum shoot fly Atherigona soccata rondani diptera muscidae and related species in burkina faso
    International Journal of Pest Management, 1991
    Co-Authors: J O Zongo, C Vincent, R K Stewart
    Abstract:

    Abstract Fish meal was used as attractant in four trap types for assessing the relative abundance and species composition of sorghum shoot flies, which are major pests in the wetter southern zones of Burkina Faso. Trapping was carried out in 1988 and 1989 during the rainy season in Bobo‐Dioulasso. Three trap models were effective in catching Atherigona soccata: (1) water trap, (2) Multi‐Pher and (3) ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for Semi‐Arid Tropics) traps. Multi‐Pher and water traps were the most efficient. The advantages and disadvantages of each model are discussed. Identification of male flies demonstrated the presence of 34 species of the subgenus Atherigona and two species of the subgenus Acritochaeta with Atherigona soccata, A. occidentalis Deeming and A. tomentigera van Emden being predominant. Thirteen species were new records to Burkina Faso: A. aberrans Malloch, A. africana Deeming, A. fililoba Deeming, A. gabonensis Deeming, A. gilvifolia van Emden, A. griseiventris van Emde...

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