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Carey D Balaban - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Vestibular Autonomic Regulation (including motion sickness and the mechanism of vomiting).
    Current Opinion in Neurology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Carey D Balaban
    Abstract:

    Autonomic manifestations of vestibular dysfunction and motion sickness are well established in the clinical literature. Recent studies of ‚vestibular Autonomic Regulation‚ have focused predominantly on Autonomic responses to stimulation of the vestibular sense organs in the inner ear. These studies

  • Vestibular Autonomic Regulation (including motion sickness and the mechanism of vomiting)
    Current Opinion in Neurology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Carey D Balaban
    Abstract:

    Autonomic manifestations of vestibular dysfunction and motion sickness are well established in the clinical literature. Recent studies of 'vestibular Autonomic Regulation' have focused predominantly on Autonomic responses to stimulation of the vestibular sense organs in the inner ear. These studies have shown that Autonomic responses to vestibular stimulation are regionally selective and have defined a 'vestibulosympathetic reflex' in animal experiments. Outside the realm of experimental preparations, however, the importance of vestibular inputs in Autonomic Regulation is unclear because controls for secondary factors, such as affective/emotional responses and cardiovascular responses elicited by muscle contraction and regional blood pooling, have been inadequate. Anatomic and physiologic evidence of an extensive convergence of vestibular and Autonomic information in the brainstem suggests though that there may be an integrated representation of gravitoinertial acceleration from vestibular, somatic, and visceral receptors for somatic and visceral motor control. In the case of vestibular dysfunction or motion sickness, the unpleasant visceral manifestations (e.g. epigastric discomfort, nausea or vomiting) may contribute to conditioned situational avoidance and the development of agoraphobia.

Andreas Voss - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Quantification of Autonomic Regulation in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
    Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical, 2013
    Co-Authors: Steffen Schulz, Julia Ritter, Katrin Oertel, Katharina Witt, Orlando Guntinas-lichius, Andreas Voss
    Abstract:

    Abstract Previous studies have proposed varying causes for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), including vascular occlusion, ruptured inner ear membrane, acoustic tumours and circulatory disturbances in the inner ear. The objective of this study was to characterise the Autonomic Regulation in 19 SSNHL patients in comparison to 19 healthy age-gender matched normal-hearing control subjects (CON) in order to improve the diagnostics of vascular caused hearing loss in SSNHL patients. A high-resolution short-term electrocardiogram (ECG) and the continuous noninvasive blood pressure signal were simultaneously recorded under resting conditions (30 min). Linear and nonlinear indices of heart rate- and blood pressure variability (HRV, BPV) were calculated to characterise Autonomic Regulation. The results showed that HRV analysis did not produce significantly different results between SSNHL and CON, whereas linear and nonlinear BPV indices showed significant differences between both groups (p  This study was the first to show an altered cardiovascular Regulation in SSNHL patients when compared to CON subjects, based on continuous blood pressure analysis. This was characterised by reduced variability, complexity and dynamics of blood pressure time series in SSNHL. These findings may contribute to an improved classification of the controversially discussed causes of SSNHL and, in addition, may lead to improved diagnostic strategies for a subgroup of SSNHL patients whose hearing loss is caused by cardiovascular factors.

  • Quantification of Autonomic Regulation in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
    Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical, 2013
    Co-Authors: Steffen Schulz, Julia Ritter, Katrin Oertel, Katharina Witt, Orlando Guntinas-lichius, Andreas Voss
    Abstract:

    Previous studies have proposed varying causes for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), including vascular occlusion, ruptured inner ear membrane, acoustic tumours and circulatory disturbances in the inner ear. The objective of this study was to characterise the Autonomic Regulation in 19 SSNHL patients in comparison to 19 healthy age-gender matched normal-hearing control subjects (CON) in order to improve the diagnostics of vascular caused hearing loss in SSNHL patients. A high-resolution short-term electrocardiogram (ECG) and the continuous noninvasive blood pressure signal were simultaneously recorded under resting conditions (30min). Linear and nonlinear indices of heart rate- and blood pressure variability (HRV, BPV) were calculated to characterise Autonomic Regulation. The results showed that HRV analysis did not produce significantly different results between SSNHL and CON, whereas linear and nonlinear BPV indices showed significant differences between both groups (p

  • Prediction of atrial fibrillation recurrence after cardioversion-interaction analysis of cardiac Autonomic Regulation.
    Medical Engineering & Physics, 2012
    Co-Authors: Andrea Seeck, Wilma Rademacher, C. Fischer, Jens Haueisen, Ralf Surber, Andreas Voss
    Abstract:

    Abstract Today atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice accounting for approximately one third of hospitalizations and accompanied with a 5 fold increased risk for ischemic stroke and a 1.5 fold increased mortality risk. The role of the cardiac Regulation system in AF recurrence after electrical cardioversion (CV) is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the Autonomic Regulation by analyzing the interaction between heart rate and blood pressure using novel methods of nonlinear interaction dynamics, namely joint symbolic dynamics (JSD) and segmented Poincare plot analysis (SPPA). For the first time, we applied SPPA to analyze the interaction between two time series. Introducing a parameter set of two indices, one derived from JSD and one from SPPA, the linear discriminant function analysis revealed an overall accuracy of 89% (sensitivity 91.7%, specificity 86.7%) for the classification between patients with stable sinus rhythm (group SR, n =15) and with AF recurrence (group REZ, n =12). This study proves that the assessment of the Autonomic Regulation by analyzing the coupling of heart rate and systolic blood pressure provides a potential tool for the prediction of AF recurrence after CV and could aid in the adjustment of therapeutic options for patients with AF.

Atsuhiko Iijima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • GCCE - A multi-timescale Autonomic Regulation model for interpreting visually induced motion sickness
    2014 IEEE 3rd Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE), 2014
    Co-Authors: Tohru Kiryu, Atsuhiko Iijima
    Abstract:

    For interpreting the emerging process of visually induced motion sickness (VIMS), we propose a multi-timescale Autonomic Regulation model that consists of trigger and accumulation effects with different timescales. As validation experiments, fifteen participants viewed a 2-min-long first-person-view video section five times (total 10-min) continuously. Measured biosignals were the RR interval, respiration, and blood pressure time-series to estimate the low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) power components and the LF/HF ratio. Then, we determined the trigger points and the sections that produced some sensation. The results showed that VIMS is first induced by specific trigger factors and increases depending on individual differences in Autonomic Regulation. The multi-timescale Autonomic Regulation model, which has independent coordinates for presence and VIMS and represents the short- and long-term effects, seems preferable for interpreting VIMS.

  • A multi-timescale Autonomic Regulation model for interpreting visually induced motion sickness
    2014 IEEE 3rd Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE), 2014
    Co-Authors: Tohru Kiryu, Atsuhiko Iijima
    Abstract:

    For interpreting the emerging process of visually induced motion sickness (VIMS), we propose a multi-timescale Autonomic Regulation model that consists of trigger and accumulation effects with different timescales. As validation experiments, fifteen participants viewed a 2-min-long first-person-view video section five times (total 10-min) continuously. Measured biosignals were the RR interval, respiration, and blood pressure time-series to estimate the low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) power components and the LF/HF ratio. Then, we determined the trigger points and the sections that produced some sensation. The results showed that VIMS is first induced by specific trigger factors and increases depending on individual differences in Autonomic Regulation. The multi-timescale Autonomic Regulation model, which has independent coordinates for presence and VIMS and represents the short- and long-term effects, seems preferable for interpreting VIMS.

Debra E Weesemayer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • congenital central hypoventilation syndrome and sudden infant death syndrome disorders of Autonomic Regulation
    Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Casey M Rand, Pallavi P Patwari, Michael S Carroll, Debra E Weesemayer
    Abstract:

    Long considered a rare and unique disorder of respiratory control, congenital central hypoventilation syndrome has recently been further distinguished as a disorder of Autonomic Regulation. Similarly, more recent evidence suggests that sudden infant death syndrome is also a disorder of Autonomic Regulation. Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome typically presents in the newborn period with alveolar hypoventilation, symptoms of Autonomic dysRegulation and, in a subset of cases, Hirschsprung disease or tumors of neural crest origin or both. Genetic investigation identified PHOX2B , a crucial gene during early Autonomic development, as disease defining for congenital central hypoventilation syndrome. Although sudden infant death syndrome is most likely defined by complex multifactorial genetic and environmental interactions, it is also thought to result from central deficits in the control of breathing and Autonomic Regulation. The purpose of this article is to review the current understanding of these Autonomic disorders and discuss the influence of this information on clinical practice and future research directions.

Stephen W. Porges - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Autonomic Regulation of preterm infants is enhanced by family nurture intervention
    Developmental Psychobiology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Stephen W. Porges, Michael M Myers, Maria I Davila, Gregory F Lewis, Jacek Kolacz, Stephanie Okonmahobazee, Amie Ashley Hane, Katie Y Kwon, Robert J Ludwig, Martha G Welch
    Abstract:

    : Preterm infants have maturational delays in several neurobehavioral systems. This study assesses the impact of the Family Nurture Intervention (FNI) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) on the maturation of Autonomic Regulation of preterm infants. Preterm infants born at 26-34 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) were assigned to groups receiving either standard care (SC) or SC plus FNI, using a randomized controlled trial design. At two collection time points, approximately 35 weeks and 41 weeks PMA, electrocardiograms (ECG) were monitored for approximately 1 hour during sleep. Heart rate and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) were quantified from the ECG. Across the two time points, the FNI group exhibited greater increases in RSA (Cohen's d = 0.35) and slope between RSA and heart rate, as a measure of vagal efficiency (Cohen's d = 0.62). These results document that FNI resulted in enhanced Autonomic Regulation consistent with greater maturation of cardiac function. These and previous findings strongly suggest that facilitating early nurturing interactions and emotional connection between preterm infants and their mothers is a practicable and effective means of optimizing postnatal development in preterm infants. Interpretation of these Autonomic function results also enriches our understanding of the potential long-term beneficial outcomes of FNI by drawing upon polyvagal theory, which explains how Autonomic state provides a neurophysiological platform for optimal co-Regulation between infant and caregiver, and by drawing upon calming cycle theory, which provides a model for understanding how repeated mother/infant calming interactions positively condition Autonomic state and reinforce approach, prosocial behaviors.

  • Autonomic Regulation in fragile X syndrome
    Developmental Psychobiology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Keri J. Heilman, Emily Harden, Danielle M. Zageris, Elizabeth Berry-kravis, Stephen W. Porges
    Abstract:

    Autonomic reactivity was studied in individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS), a genetic disorder partially characterized by abnormal social behavior. Relative to age-matched controls, the FXS group had faster baseline heart rate and lower amplitude respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). In contrast to the typically developing controls, there was a decrease in RSA with age within the FXS group. Moreover, within the FXS group heart rate did not slow with age. The FXS group also responded with an atypical increase in RSA to the social challenge, while the control group reduced RSA. In a subset of the FXS group, the Autonomic profile did not change following 2 months and 1 year of lithium treatment. The observed indices of atypical Autonomic Regulation, consistent with the Polyvagal Theory, may contribute to the deficits in social behavior and social communication observed in FXS.

  • abuse history is related to Autonomic Regulation to mild exercise and psychological wellbeing
    Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 2009
    Co-Authors: Lourdes P. Dale, Laura E. Carroll, Gillian Galen, Jeigh A. Hayes, Kathleen W. Webb, Stephen W. Porges
    Abstract:

    We investigated the potential impact of abuse history on Autonomic Regulation and psychological wellbeing in a sample of women who reported a history of abuse without Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. To measure Autonomic Regulation, heart rate data was collected before and after the participant rode a stationary bike for one mile. We found that abuse history was associated with less vagal Regulation of the heart (i.e., respiratory sinus arrhythmia) and an inability to rapidly re-engage vagal Regulation immediately following mild exercise to support a calm physiological state. These findings are consistent with clinical impressions that abused individuals may have a lower threshold to express fight/flight behaviors in response to stress and have difficulty shifting from mobilization to calmness. We also found that abuse history was related to psychological wellbeing. Women with an abuse history reported a greater use of dysfunctional coping methods and lower self-concept. Further, analyses indicated that there was a cumulative effect, whereby women who reported more recent abuse reported using more dysfunctional coping methods, having more mood disturbance, and lower self-concept. The findings underscore the importance of evaluating both the psychological and physiological effects of trauma, even in the absence of a diagnosis of PTSD.

  • Abuse history is related to Autonomic Regulation to mild exercise and psychological wellbeing
    Applied Psychophysiology Biofeedback, 2009
    Co-Authors: Lourdes P. Dale, Laura E. Carroll, Gillian Galen, Jeigh A. Hayes, Kathleen W. Webb, Stephen W. Porges
    Abstract:

    We investigated the potential impact of abuse history on Autonomic Regulation and psychological wellbeing in a sample of women who reported a history of abuse without Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. To measure Autonomic Regulation, heart rate data was collected before and after the participant rode a stationary bike for one mile. We found that abuse history was associated with less vagal Regulation of the heart (i.e., respiratory sinus arrhythmia) and an inability to rapidly re-engage vagal Regulation immediately following mild exercise to support a calm physiological state. These findings are consistent with clinical impressions that abused individuals may have a lower threshold to express fight/flight behaviors in response to stress and have difficulty shifting from mobilization to calmness. We also found that abuse history was related to psychological wellbeing. Women with an abuse history reported a greater use of dysfunctional coping methods and lower self-concept. Further, analyses indicated that there was a cumulative effect, whereby women who reported more recent abuse reported using more dysfunctional coping methods, having more mood disturbance, and lower self-concept. The findings underscore the importance of evaluating both the psychological and physiological effects of trauma, even in the absence of a diagnosis of PTSD. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

  • Motivation, sustained attention, and Autonomic Regulation in school-age boys exposed in utero to opiates and alcohol.
    Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 1997
    Co-Authors: Patricia E. Suess, David B. Newlin, Stephen W. Porges
    Abstract:

    : The effects of incentive on sustained attention and Autonomic Regulation among boys exposed in utero to opiates were studied. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), an indicator of Autonomic Regulation, was quantified during sustained attention in 3 groups of 7- to 12-year-old boys. RSA is a component of heart rate variability controlled by cortical influences and affected by changes in demand for attention. The Gordon Diagnostic System-Distractibility Task was performed with and without monetary reward. A cartoon task and a video game were used as measures of interest. Although opiate-exposed boys did not differ in performance as a function of incentive or interest, they had a tendency to perform more poorly overall across tasks. Alcohol exposure rather than opiate exposure covaried with Autonomic Regulation, with greater RSA decreases being associated with more alcohol exposure. Post hoc analyses revealed that the alcohol- and opiate-exposed boys responded with these hyperreactive RSA changes along with poorer performance.