The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Dennis Rubbenstroth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA) Vaccines Efficiently Protect Cockatiels Against Parrot Bornavirus Infection and Proventricular Dilatation Disease.
Viruses, 2019Co-Authors: Isabell Rall, Christiane Herden, Ralf Amann, Sara Malberg, Dennis RubbenstrothAbstract:Parrot Bornaviruses (PaBVs) are the causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a chronic and often fatal neurologic disorder in Psittaciformes. The disease is widely distributed in private parrot collections and threatens breeding populations of endangered species. Thus, immunoprophylaxis strategies are urgently needed. In previous studies we demonstrated a prime-boost vaccination regime using modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) constructs expressing the nucleoprotein and phosphoprotein of PaBV-4 (MVA/PaBV-4 and NDV/PaBV-4, respectively) to protect cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) against experimental challenge infection. Here we investigated the protective effect provided by repeated immunization with either MVA/PaBV-4, NDV/PaBV-4 or Orf virus constructs (ORFV/PaBV-4) individually. While MVA/PaBV-4-vaccinated cockatiels were completely protected against subsequent PaBV-2 challenge infection and PDD-associated lesions, the course of the challenge infection in NDV/PaBV-4- or ORFV/PaBV-4-vaccinated birds did not differ from the unvaccinated control group. We further investigated the effect of vaccination on persistently PaBV-4-infected cockatiels. Remarkably, subsequent immunization with MVA/PaBV-4 and NDV/PaBV-4 neither induced obvious immunopathogenesis exacerbating the disease nor reduced viral loads in the infected birds. In summary, we demonstrated that vaccination with MVA/PaBV-4 alone is sufficient to efficiently prevent PaBV-2 challenge infection in cockatiels, providing a suitable vaccine candidate against Avian Bornavirus infection and Bornavirus-induced PDD.
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Detection of Avian Bornavirus in Wild and Captive Passeriformes in Brazil.
Avian diseases, 2019Co-Authors: Natalia Azevedo Philadelpho, Dennis Rubbenstroth, Marta Brito Guimarães, Yamê Miniero Davies, L. F. N. Nuñez, Claudete S. Astolfi-ferreira, Silvana H. Santander Parra, Antonio José Piantino FerreiraAbstract:Avian Bornaviruses (ABVs) are the causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a fatal neurologic disease considered to be a major threat to psittacine bird populations. We performed a reverse transcription PCR survey to detect the presence of canary Avian Bornavirus (CnBV) in birds of order Passeriformes related to different clinical manifestations, such as sudden death, neurologic signs, apathy, anorexia, excessive beak growth, and PDD. A total of 227 samples from captive and wild canaries were included, of which 80 samples were captive birds, comprising saffron finches (n = 71) and common canary (n = 9), and 147 samples were wild birds distributed among a variety of several species. Two samples from captive birds (2/80) were positive for ABV, and in wild birds, only one sample was positive for ABV. The positive samples were subjected to DNA sequencing, and only the CnBV-1 serotype was found, which was the first time it was detected outside of Germany (Austria/Hungary), where it was first detected in 2009. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that Avian Bornavirus serotype CnBV-1 is present in order Passeriformes in Brazil.
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Viral vector vaccines protect cockatiels from inflammatory lesions after heterologous parrot Bornavirus 2 challenge infection.
Vaccine, 2016Co-Authors: Solveig Runge, Christiane Herden, Marita Olbert, Peter Staeheli, Sara Malberg, Angela Römer-oberdörfer, Dennis RubbenstrothAbstract:Avian Bornaviruses are causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a chronic neurologic and often fatal disorder of psittacines including endangered species. To date no causative therapy or immunoprophylaxis is available. Our previous work has shown that viral vector vaccines can delay the course of homologous Bornavirus challenge infections but failed to protect against PDD when persistent infection was not prevented. The goal of this study was to refine our Avian Bornavirus vaccination and infection model to better represent natural Bornavirus infections in order to achieve full protection against a heterologous challenge infection. We observed that parrot Bornavirus 2 (PaBV-2) readily infected cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) by combined intramuscular and subcutaneous injection with as little as 102.7foci-forming units (ffu) per bird, whereas a 500-fold higher dose of the same virus administered via peroral and oculonasal route did not result in persistent infection. These results indicated that experimental Bornavirus challenge infections with this virus should be performed via the parenteral route. Prime-boost vaccination of cockatiels with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vectors expressing the nucleoprotein and phosphoprotein genes of PaBV-4 substantially blocked Bornavirus replication following parenteral challenge infection with 103.5ffu of heterologous PaBV-2. Only two out of six vaccinated birds had very low viral levels detectable in a few organs. As a consequence, only one vaccinated bird developed mild PDD-associated microscopic lesions, while mock-vaccinated controls were not protected against PaBV-2 infection and inflammation. Our results demonstrate that NDV and MVA vector vaccines can protect against invasive heterologous Bornavirus challenge infections and subsequent PDD. These vector vaccines represent a promising tool to combat Avian Bornaviruses in psittacine populations.
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Viral vector vaccines expressing nucleoprotein and phosphoprotein genes of Avian Bornaviruses ameliorate homologous challenge infections in cockatiels and common canaries
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Marita Olbert, Christiane Herden, Peter Staeheli, Sara Malberg, Angela Römer-oberdörfer, Solveig Runge, Dennis RubbenstrothAbstract:Avian Bornaviruses are causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), an often fatal disease of parrots and related species (order Psittaciformes) which is widely distributed in captive psittacine populations and may affect endangered species. Here, we established a vaccination strategy employing two different well described viral vectors, namely recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) that were engineered to express the phosphoprotein and nucleoprotein genes of two Avian Bornaviruses, parrot Bornavirus 4 (PaBV-4) and canary Bornavirus 2 (CnBV-2). When combined in a heterologous prime/boost vaccination regime, NDV and MVA vaccine viruses established self-limiting infections and induced a Bornavirus-specific humoral immune response in cockatiels ( Nymphicus hollandicus ) and common canaries ( Serinus canaria forma domestica). After challenge infection with a homologous Bornavirus, shedding of Bornavirus RNA and viral loads in tissue samples were significantly reduced in immunized birds, indicating that vaccination markedly delayed the course of infection. However, cockatiels still developed signs of PDD if the vaccine failed to prevent viral persistence. Our work demonstrates that Avian Bornavirus infections can be repressed by vaccine-induced immunity. It represents a first crucial step towards a protective vaccination strategy to combat PDD in psittacine birds.
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Synergistic antiviral activity of ribavirin and interferon-α against parrot Bornaviruses in Avian cells
The Journal of general virology, 2016Co-Authors: Antje Reuter, Monika Rinder, Peter Staeheli, Masayuki Horie, Dirk Höper, Annette Ohnemus, Andreas Narr, Martin Beer, Dennis RubbenstrothAbstract:Avian Bornaviruses are the causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a widely distributed and often fatal disease in captive psittacines. Because neither specific prevention measures nor therapies against PDD and Bornavirus infections are currently available, new antiviral strategies are required to improve animal health. We show here that the nucleoside analogue ribavirin inhibited Bornavirus activity in a polymerase reconstitution assay and reduced viral load in Avian cell lines infected with two different parrot Bornaviruses. Furthermore, we observed that ribavirin enhanced type I IFN signalling in Avian cells. Combined treatment of Avian Bornavirus-infected cells with ribavirin and recombinant IFN-α strongly enhanced the antiviral efficiency compared to either drug alone. The combined use of ribavirin and type I IFN might represent a promising new strategy for therapeutic treatment of captive parrots persistently infected with Avian Bornaviruses.
Susan Payne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Avian Bornaviruses in North American Gulls
Journal of wildlife diseases, 2015Co-Authors: Jianhua Guo, H. L. Shivaprasad, Ian Tizard, John A. Baroch, Susan PayneAbstract:Avian Bornaviruses, recently de- scribed members of the family Bornaviridae, have been isolated from captive parrots and passerines as well as wild waterfowl in which they may cause lethal neurologic disease. We report detection of Avian Bornavirus RNA in the brains of apparently healthy gulls. We tested 439 gull brain samples from 18 states, primarily in the northeastern US, using a reverse- transcriptase PCR assay with primers designed to detect a conserved region of the Bornavirus M gene. Nine birds yielded a PCR product of appropriate size. Sequencing of PCR products indicated that the virus was closely related to aquatic bird Bornavirus 1 (ABBV-1). Viral RNA was detected in Herring Gulls (Larus argenta- tus), Ring-billed Gulls (Larus delawarensis), and Laughing Gulls (Leucophaeus atricilla). Eight of the nine positive birds came from the New York/New Jersey area. One positive Herring Gull came from New Hampshire. Histopathologic examination of one well-pre- served brain from a Herring Gull from Union County New Jersey, showed a lymphocytic encephalitis similar to that observed in borna- virus-infected parrots and geese. Bornavirus N protein was confirmed in two Herring Gull brains by immunohistochemistry. Thus ABBV- 1 can infect gulls and cause encephalitic brain lesions similar to those observed in other birds.
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Characterization of a new genotype of Avian Bornavirus from wild ducks
Virology journal, 2014Co-Authors: Jianhua Guo, H. L. Shivaprasad, Raquel R. Rech, J. Jill Heatley, Ian Tizard, Susan PayneAbstract:Background Avian Bornaviruses (ABV) are a recently described group of intranuclear negative-stranded RNA viruses (Order Mononegavirales, Family Bornaviridae). At least 13 different ABV genotypes have been described. One genotype, the Canada goose genotype (ABV-CG), has been isolated from geese and swans and is widely distributed across North America.
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Characterization of a new genotype of Avian Bornavirus from wild ducks
Virology Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Jianhua Guo, H. L. Shivaprasad, Raquel R. Rech, J. Jill Heatley, Ian Tizard, Susan PayneAbstract:Background Avian Bornaviruses (ABV) are a recently described group of intranuclear negative-stranded RNA viruses (Order Mononegavirales , Family Bornaviridae ). At least 13 different ABV genotypes have been described. One genotype, the Canada goose genotype (ABV-CG), has been isolated from geese and swans and is widely distributed across North America. Results We have isolated and characterized a previously undescribed genotype of Avian Bornavirus from the brains of wild ducks. This new genotype, provisionally designated ABV genotype MALL, was detected in 12 of 83 mallards, and 1 of 8 wood ducks collected at a single location in central Oklahoma. The virus was cultured on primary duck embryo fibroblasts, fragments were cloned, and its genome sequence of 8904 nucleotides determined. This new genotype has 72% nucleotide identity and 83% amino acid identity with the ABV-CG genotype previously shown to be present in geese and swans. Histologic and immunohistochemical examination of the brains and eyes of four positive ducks indicated the presence of virus-infected neurons and glia in their cerebrums and retinas in the absence of inflammation. Conclusions More than one genotype of ABV is circulating in North American waterfowl. While the infected ducks were not observed to be suffering from overt disease, based on the immunohistochemistry, we speculate that they may have suffered some visual impairment.
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Current Protocols in Microbiology - Avian Bornaviruses: diagnosis, isolation, and genotyping.
Current protocols in microbiology, 2014Co-Authors: Jianhua Guo, Susan Payne, Ian Tizard, Debra Turner, Shuping Zhang, Paulette F SuchodolskiAbstract:These protocols apply to all currently known genotypes of Avian Bornavirus (ABV). First, they include four basic protocols for molecular techniques that should enable an investigator to detect ABV infection in a live or dead bird. These include both reverse transcriptase and real-time PCR assays. Second, they include three protocols enabling ABV infections to be diagnosed by serologic techniques including indirect immunofluorescence assays, western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunoassays. Third, they also include methods by which ABV can be isolated from infected bird tissues by culture in primary duck embryo fibroblasts, as well as in other Avian cell lines. Finally, as part of a diagnostic workup, any virus detected should be genotyped by sequencing, and a protocol for this is also provided. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol. 34:15I.1.1-15I.1.33. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Keywords: Avian Bornaviruses; polymerase chain reaction; virus culture; immunofluorescence; western blotting; immunohistochemistry; genotyping
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Use of Avian Bornavirus Isolates to Induce Proventricular Dilatation Disease in Conures
2013Co-Authors: Patricia Gray, Kirsi S Honkavuori, Thomas Briese, Susan Payne, H. L. Shivaprasad, Paulette F Suchodolski, Negin Mirhosseini, Itamar Villanueva, Sanjay M Reddy, Ian TizardAbstract:Avian Bornavirus (ABV) is a newly discovered member of the family Bornaviridae that has been associated with the development of a lethal neurologic syndrome in birds, termed proventricular dilatation disease (PDD). We successfully isolated and characterized ABV from the brains of 8 birds with confi rmed PDD. One isolate was passed 6 times in duck embryo fi broblasts, and the infected cells were then injected intramuscularly into 2 healthy Patagonian conures (Cyanoliseus patagonis). Clinical PDD developed in both birds by 66 days postinfection. PDD was confi rmed by necropsy and histopathologic examination. Reverse transcription–PCR showed that the inoculated ABV was in the brains of the 2 infected birds. A control bird that received uninfected tissue culture cells remained healthy until it was euthanized at 77 days. Necropsy and histopathologic examinations showed no abnormalities; PCR did not indicate ABV in its brain tissues. Proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) is a progressive, invariably fatal neurologic disease that has been reported for>50 species of psittacine birds as well as many other bird species (1). It is considered a serious disease because many of these birds are highly endangered, and several affected species depend on captive breeding for their survival. The clinical signs of PDD vary and may be predominately neurologic (weakness, ataxia, proprioceptive deficits, seizures, blindness), gastrointestinal (weight loss, passage of undigested food, regurgitation, delayed crop emptying), o
Ian Tizard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison Of Four Anti-Avian IgY Secondary Antibodies Used In Western Blot And Dot-Blot ELISA To Detect Avian Bornavirus Antibodies In Four Different Bird Species
Veterinary medicine (Auckland N.Z.), 2019Co-Authors: Paulina Escandon, J. Jill Heatley, Ian Tizard, Luc Berghman, Jeffrey M. B. MusserAbstract:Purpose This study evaluated the specificity of different Avian secondary antibodies used in Western blot and dot-blot ELISA to detect Avian Bornavirus antibodies in bird plasma. Methods Plasma samples were collected from: two Blue and gold macaws, one positive and one negative for Avian Bornavirus by RT-PCR; a Cockatiel and a Monk parakeet prior to and following experimental infection; and, two Mallards, one positive and one negative for Avian Bornavirus by RT-PCR Samples were analyzed by Western blot and dot-blot ELISA that incorporated recombinant Avian Bornavirus nucleoprotein as the target analyte. Four species-specific anti-IgY secondary antibodies were used in the assays: goat anti-macaw IgY, goat anti-bird IgY, goat anti-duck IgY, and rabbit anti-chicken IgY. Results In the Western blot, anti-macaw IgY secondary antibody produced strong signals with Blue and gold macaw and Cockatiel positive plasma, but no signal with Mallard positive plasma. Anti-bird IgY secondary antibody produced strong signals with Blue and gold macaw, Cockatiel, and Mallard positive plasma. Anti-duck and anti-chicken IgY secondary antibody produced a strong and moderate signal, respectively, only with Mallard positive plasma. In the dot-blot ELISA, there was a distinct and significant difference (P
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swans in the Northeast United States
2015Co-Authors: Jianhua Guo, Ian Tizard, John A. Baroch, Lina Covaleda, Jill J Heatley, Susan L Payne, Correspondence Ian TizardAbstract:Widespread Avian Bornavirus infection in mut
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Avian Bornaviruses in North American Gulls
Journal of wildlife diseases, 2015Co-Authors: Jianhua Guo, H. L. Shivaprasad, Ian Tizard, John A. Baroch, Susan PayneAbstract:Avian Bornaviruses, recently de- scribed members of the family Bornaviridae, have been isolated from captive parrots and passerines as well as wild waterfowl in which they may cause lethal neurologic disease. We report detection of Avian Bornavirus RNA in the brains of apparently healthy gulls. We tested 439 gull brain samples from 18 states, primarily in the northeastern US, using a reverse- transcriptase PCR assay with primers designed to detect a conserved region of the Bornavirus M gene. Nine birds yielded a PCR product of appropriate size. Sequencing of PCR products indicated that the virus was closely related to aquatic bird Bornavirus 1 (ABBV-1). Viral RNA was detected in Herring Gulls (Larus argenta- tus), Ring-billed Gulls (Larus delawarensis), and Laughing Gulls (Leucophaeus atricilla). Eight of the nine positive birds came from the New York/New Jersey area. One positive Herring Gull came from New Hampshire. Histopathologic examination of one well-pre- served brain from a Herring Gull from Union County New Jersey, showed a lymphocytic encephalitis similar to that observed in borna- virus-infected parrots and geese. Bornavirus N protein was confirmed in two Herring Gull brains by immunohistochemistry. Thus ABBV- 1 can infect gulls and cause encephalitic brain lesions similar to those observed in other birds.
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Characterization of a new genotype of Avian Bornavirus from wild ducks
Virology journal, 2014Co-Authors: Jianhua Guo, H. L. Shivaprasad, Raquel R. Rech, J. Jill Heatley, Ian Tizard, Susan PayneAbstract:Background Avian Bornaviruses (ABV) are a recently described group of intranuclear negative-stranded RNA viruses (Order Mononegavirales, Family Bornaviridae). At least 13 different ABV genotypes have been described. One genotype, the Canada goose genotype (ABV-CG), has been isolated from geese and swans and is widely distributed across North America.
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Characterization of a new genotype of Avian Bornavirus from wild ducks
Virology Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Jianhua Guo, H. L. Shivaprasad, Raquel R. Rech, J. Jill Heatley, Ian Tizard, Susan PayneAbstract:Background Avian Bornaviruses (ABV) are a recently described group of intranuclear negative-stranded RNA viruses (Order Mononegavirales , Family Bornaviridae ). At least 13 different ABV genotypes have been described. One genotype, the Canada goose genotype (ABV-CG), has been isolated from geese and swans and is widely distributed across North America. Results We have isolated and characterized a previously undescribed genotype of Avian Bornavirus from the brains of wild ducks. This new genotype, provisionally designated ABV genotype MALL, was detected in 12 of 83 mallards, and 1 of 8 wood ducks collected at a single location in central Oklahoma. The virus was cultured on primary duck embryo fibroblasts, fragments were cloned, and its genome sequence of 8904 nucleotides determined. This new genotype has 72% nucleotide identity and 83% amino acid identity with the ABV-CG genotype previously shown to be present in geese and swans. Histologic and immunohistochemical examination of the brains and eyes of four positive ducks indicated the presence of virus-infected neurons and glia in their cerebrums and retinas in the absence of inflammation. Conclusions More than one genotype of ABV is circulating in North American waterfowl. While the infected ducks were not observed to be suffering from overt disease, based on the immunohistochemistry, we speculate that they may have suffered some visual impairment.
Christiane Herden - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA) Vaccines Efficiently Protect Cockatiels Against Parrot Bornavirus Infection and Proventricular Dilatation Disease.
Viruses, 2019Co-Authors: Isabell Rall, Christiane Herden, Ralf Amann, Sara Malberg, Dennis RubbenstrothAbstract:Parrot Bornaviruses (PaBVs) are the causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a chronic and often fatal neurologic disorder in Psittaciformes. The disease is widely distributed in private parrot collections and threatens breeding populations of endangered species. Thus, immunoprophylaxis strategies are urgently needed. In previous studies we demonstrated a prime-boost vaccination regime using modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) constructs expressing the nucleoprotein and phosphoprotein of PaBV-4 (MVA/PaBV-4 and NDV/PaBV-4, respectively) to protect cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) against experimental challenge infection. Here we investigated the protective effect provided by repeated immunization with either MVA/PaBV-4, NDV/PaBV-4 or Orf virus constructs (ORFV/PaBV-4) individually. While MVA/PaBV-4-vaccinated cockatiels were completely protected against subsequent PaBV-2 challenge infection and PDD-associated lesions, the course of the challenge infection in NDV/PaBV-4- or ORFV/PaBV-4-vaccinated birds did not differ from the unvaccinated control group. We further investigated the effect of vaccination on persistently PaBV-4-infected cockatiels. Remarkably, subsequent immunization with MVA/PaBV-4 and NDV/PaBV-4 neither induced obvious immunopathogenesis exacerbating the disease nor reduced viral loads in the infected birds. In summary, we demonstrated that vaccination with MVA/PaBV-4 alone is sufficient to efficiently prevent PaBV-2 challenge infection in cockatiels, providing a suitable vaccine candidate against Avian Bornavirus infection and Bornavirus-induced PDD.
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Correlation of Avian Bornavirus-specific antibodies and viral ribonucleic acid shedding with neurological signs and feather-damaging behaviour in psittacine birds.
The Veterinary record, 2019Co-Authors: Alexandra Fluck, U. Heffels-redmann, Anne Piepenbring, Christiane Herden, Dirk Enderlein, S. Herzog, Kay Pieper, Michael LierzAbstract:Parrot Bornaviruses (PaBV) are the causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease in psittacine birds, but have also been linked to other clinical signs, including behavioural disorders and neurological signs. The aim of this study was to correlate PaBV infection in birds showing feather-damaging behaviour or neurological signs for which no other cause of disease could be identified. Psittacine birds presented to a private practice were divided into three groups: birds with neurological signs (n=28), birds showing feather-damaging behaviour (n=42) and birds presented for routine examinations (n=56). Swabs of crop and cloaca were collected and investigated for the presence of PaBV-RNA using real time RT-PCR. Additionally, serum samples were taken and examined for the presence of anti-PaBV antibodies by immunofluorescence test. PaBV infection was detected in one of the test systems in 40.5 per cent of all birds (n=126) investigated. In the clinically healthy birds (n=56), 19.6 per cent of the birds were positive in at least one of the PaBV tests, compared with 52.38 per cent of the feather-damaging (n=42) and 64.28 per cent of the neurologically diseased birds (n=28). Interestingly, the anti-PaBV antibody titres in birds with neurological signs were highest up to 1:20 480. High antibody titres (up to 1:5120) were also found in the feather-damaging group, whereas the birds of the control group, if PaBV positive, had only very low titres. Similarly, the highest viral load was found in the group of the neurologically diseased birds, followed by feather-damaging birds, whereas PaBV-positive birds in the control group demonstrated only low viral RNA shedding. A clear correlation between severity of clinical signs, amount of viral shedding and high levels of antibody titres was observed for most of the neurologically diseased birds and also for few birds with feather-damaging behaviour. For the first time, these results clearly indicate a correlation between PaBV infection and neurological signs in birds without gastrointestinal signs presented to the veterinarian in practice. It also may demonstrate a possible correlation with feather-damaging behaviour and anti-PaBV antibody presence. The antibody titre seems to represent a diagnostic tool to correlate clinical signs to PaBV as a cause.
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Viral vector vaccines protect cockatiels from inflammatory lesions after heterologous parrot Bornavirus 2 challenge infection.
Vaccine, 2016Co-Authors: Solveig Runge, Christiane Herden, Marita Olbert, Peter Staeheli, Sara Malberg, Angela Römer-oberdörfer, Dennis RubbenstrothAbstract:Avian Bornaviruses are causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a chronic neurologic and often fatal disorder of psittacines including endangered species. To date no causative therapy or immunoprophylaxis is available. Our previous work has shown that viral vector vaccines can delay the course of homologous Bornavirus challenge infections but failed to protect against PDD when persistent infection was not prevented. The goal of this study was to refine our Avian Bornavirus vaccination and infection model to better represent natural Bornavirus infections in order to achieve full protection against a heterologous challenge infection. We observed that parrot Bornavirus 2 (PaBV-2) readily infected cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) by combined intramuscular and subcutaneous injection with as little as 102.7foci-forming units (ffu) per bird, whereas a 500-fold higher dose of the same virus administered via peroral and oculonasal route did not result in persistent infection. These results indicated that experimental Bornavirus challenge infections with this virus should be performed via the parenteral route. Prime-boost vaccination of cockatiels with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vectors expressing the nucleoprotein and phosphoprotein genes of PaBV-4 substantially blocked Bornavirus replication following parenteral challenge infection with 103.5ffu of heterologous PaBV-2. Only two out of six vaccinated birds had very low viral levels detectable in a few organs. As a consequence, only one vaccinated bird developed mild PDD-associated microscopic lesions, while mock-vaccinated controls were not protected against PaBV-2 infection and inflammation. Our results demonstrate that NDV and MVA vector vaccines can protect against invasive heterologous Bornavirus challenge infections and subsequent PDD. These vector vaccines represent a promising tool to combat Avian Bornaviruses in psittacine populations.
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Viral vector vaccines expressing nucleoprotein and phosphoprotein genes of Avian Bornaviruses ameliorate homologous challenge infections in cockatiels and common canaries
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Marita Olbert, Christiane Herden, Peter Staeheli, Sara Malberg, Angela Römer-oberdörfer, Solveig Runge, Dennis RubbenstrothAbstract:Avian Bornaviruses are causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), an often fatal disease of parrots and related species (order Psittaciformes) which is widely distributed in captive psittacine populations and may affect endangered species. Here, we established a vaccination strategy employing two different well described viral vectors, namely recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) that were engineered to express the phosphoprotein and nucleoprotein genes of two Avian Bornaviruses, parrot Bornavirus 4 (PaBV-4) and canary Bornavirus 2 (CnBV-2). When combined in a heterologous prime/boost vaccination regime, NDV and MVA vaccine viruses established self-limiting infections and induced a Bornavirus-specific humoral immune response in cockatiels ( Nymphicus hollandicus ) and common canaries ( Serinus canaria forma domestica). After challenge infection with a homologous Bornavirus, shedding of Bornavirus RNA and viral loads in tissue samples were significantly reduced in immunized birds, indicating that vaccination markedly delayed the course of infection. However, cockatiels still developed signs of PDD if the vaccine failed to prevent viral persistence. Our work demonstrates that Avian Bornavirus infections can be repressed by vaccine-induced immunity. It represents a first crucial step towards a protective vaccination strategy to combat PDD in psittacine birds.
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Avian Bornavirus in free-ranging psittacine birds, Brazil.
Emerging infectious diseases, 2014Co-Authors: Nuri Encinas-nagel, U. Heffels-redmann, Anne Piepenbring, Christiane Herden, Dirk Enderlein, Paulo A.n. Felippe, Clarice Weis Arns, Hafez M. Hafez, Michael LierzAbstract:Avian Bornavirus (ABV) has been identified as the cause of proventricular dilatation disease in birds, but the virus is also found in healthy birds. Most studies of ABV have focused on captive birds. We investigated 86 free-ranging psittacine birds in Brazil and found evidence for natural, long-term ABV infection.
Peter Staeheli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Viral vector vaccines protect cockatiels from inflammatory lesions after heterologous parrot Bornavirus 2 challenge infection.
Vaccine, 2016Co-Authors: Solveig Runge, Christiane Herden, Marita Olbert, Peter Staeheli, Sara Malberg, Angela Römer-oberdörfer, Dennis RubbenstrothAbstract:Avian Bornaviruses are causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a chronic neurologic and often fatal disorder of psittacines including endangered species. To date no causative therapy or immunoprophylaxis is available. Our previous work has shown that viral vector vaccines can delay the course of homologous Bornavirus challenge infections but failed to protect against PDD when persistent infection was not prevented. The goal of this study was to refine our Avian Bornavirus vaccination and infection model to better represent natural Bornavirus infections in order to achieve full protection against a heterologous challenge infection. We observed that parrot Bornavirus 2 (PaBV-2) readily infected cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) by combined intramuscular and subcutaneous injection with as little as 102.7foci-forming units (ffu) per bird, whereas a 500-fold higher dose of the same virus administered via peroral and oculonasal route did not result in persistent infection. These results indicated that experimental Bornavirus challenge infections with this virus should be performed via the parenteral route. Prime-boost vaccination of cockatiels with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vectors expressing the nucleoprotein and phosphoprotein genes of PaBV-4 substantially blocked Bornavirus replication following parenteral challenge infection with 103.5ffu of heterologous PaBV-2. Only two out of six vaccinated birds had very low viral levels detectable in a few organs. As a consequence, only one vaccinated bird developed mild PDD-associated microscopic lesions, while mock-vaccinated controls were not protected against PaBV-2 infection and inflammation. Our results demonstrate that NDV and MVA vector vaccines can protect against invasive heterologous Bornavirus challenge infections and subsequent PDD. These vector vaccines represent a promising tool to combat Avian Bornaviruses in psittacine populations.
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Viral vector vaccines expressing nucleoprotein and phosphoprotein genes of Avian Bornaviruses ameliorate homologous challenge infections in cockatiels and common canaries
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Marita Olbert, Christiane Herden, Peter Staeheli, Sara Malberg, Angela Römer-oberdörfer, Solveig Runge, Dennis RubbenstrothAbstract:Avian Bornaviruses are causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), an often fatal disease of parrots and related species (order Psittaciformes) which is widely distributed in captive psittacine populations and may affect endangered species. Here, we established a vaccination strategy employing two different well described viral vectors, namely recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) that were engineered to express the phosphoprotein and nucleoprotein genes of two Avian Bornaviruses, parrot Bornavirus 4 (PaBV-4) and canary Bornavirus 2 (CnBV-2). When combined in a heterologous prime/boost vaccination regime, NDV and MVA vaccine viruses established self-limiting infections and induced a Bornavirus-specific humoral immune response in cockatiels ( Nymphicus hollandicus ) and common canaries ( Serinus canaria forma domestica). After challenge infection with a homologous Bornavirus, shedding of Bornavirus RNA and viral loads in tissue samples were significantly reduced in immunized birds, indicating that vaccination markedly delayed the course of infection. However, cockatiels still developed signs of PDD if the vaccine failed to prevent viral persistence. Our work demonstrates that Avian Bornavirus infections can be repressed by vaccine-induced immunity. It represents a first crucial step towards a protective vaccination strategy to combat PDD in psittacine birds.
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MINIREVIEW Avian Bornavirus Associated with Fatal Disease in Psittacine Birds
2016Co-Authors: Peter Staeheli, Monika Rinder, Bernd KaspersAbstract:Thanks to new technologies which enable rapid and unbiased screening for viral nucleic acids in clinical specimens, an impressive number of previously unknown viruses have recently been discovered. Two research groups independently identified a novel negative-strand RNA virus, now designated Avian Bornavirus (ABV), in parrots with proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a severe lymphoplasmacytic ganglioneuritis of the gastrointestinal tract of psittacine birds that is frequently accompanied by encephalomyelitis. Since its discovery, ABV has been detected worldwide in many captive parrots and in one canary with PDD. ABV induced a PDD-like disease in experimentally infected cockatiels, strongly suggesting that ABV is highly pathogenic in psittacine birds. Until the discovery of ABV, the Bornaviridae family consisted of a single species, classical Borna disease virus (BDV), which is the causative agent of a progressive neurological disorder that affects primarily horses, sheep, and some other farm animals in central Europe. Although ABV and BDV share many biological features, there exist several interesting differences, which are discussed in this review. BDV, THE PROTOTYPE MEMBER OF TH
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Synergistic antiviral activity of ribavirin and interferon-α against parrot Bornaviruses in Avian cells
The Journal of general virology, 2016Co-Authors: Antje Reuter, Monika Rinder, Peter Staeheli, Masayuki Horie, Dirk Höper, Annette Ohnemus, Andreas Narr, Martin Beer, Dennis RubbenstrothAbstract:Avian Bornaviruses are the causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a widely distributed and often fatal disease in captive psittacines. Because neither specific prevention measures nor therapies against PDD and Bornavirus infections are currently available, new antiviral strategies are required to improve animal health. We show here that the nucleoside analogue ribavirin inhibited Bornavirus activity in a polymerase reconstitution assay and reduced viral load in Avian cell lines infected with two different parrot Bornaviruses. Furthermore, we observed that ribavirin enhanced type I IFN signalling in Avian cells. Combined treatment of Avian Bornavirus-infected cells with ribavirin and recombinant IFN-α strongly enhanced the antiviral efficiency compared to either drug alone. The combined use of ribavirin and type I IFN might represent a promising new strategy for therapeutic treatment of captive parrots persistently infected with Avian Bornaviruses.
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no contact transmission of Avian Bornavirus in experimentally infected cockatiels nymphicus hollandicus and domestic canaries serinus canaria forma domestica
Veterinary Microbiology, 2014Co-Authors: Dennis Rubbenstroth, Monika Rinder, Marita Olbert, Rudiger Korbel, Katrin Brosinski, Bernd Kaspers, Peter StaeheliAbstract:Abstract Avian Bornaviruses (ABV) are the causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), a widely distributed disease of parrots. Distinct ABV lineages were also found in various non-psittacine Avian species, such as canaries, but the pathogenic role of ABV in these species is less clear. Despite the wide distribution of ABV in captive parrots and canaries, its mode of transmission is poorly understood: both horizontal transmission via the urofaecal-oral route and vertical transmission are discussed to play a role. In this study we investigated pathology and horizontal transmission of ABV in domestic canaries ( Serinus canaria forma domestica) and cockatiels ( Nymphicus hollandicus ), two natural host species commonly used for experimental ABV infections. ABV inoculation resulted in persistent infection of all inoculated animals from both species. ABV-infected cockatiels exhibited PDD-like symptoms, such as neurologic signs or shedding of undigested seeds. In contrast, infected domestic canaries did not develop clinical disease. Interestingly, we did not detect viral RNA in cloacal swabs and organ samples or ABV-specific antibodies in serum samples of contact-exposed sentinel birds from either species at any time during a four months observation period. Our results strongly indicate that horizontal transmission of ABV by direct contact is inefficient in immunocompetent fully fledged domestic canaries and cockatiels.
