Bangiales

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Juliet Brodie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • redefining pyropia Bangiales rhodophyta four new genera resurrection of porphyrella and description of calidia pseudolobata sp nov from china
    Journal of Phycology, 2020
    Co-Authors: Lien Yang, Yinyin Deng, Stephen J Russell, Juliet Brodie
    Abstract:

    The cosmopolitan red algal genus Pyropia sensu lato is the most speciose of the bladed Bangiales genera. In a major revision of the Bangiales, Pyropia was resurrected from Porphyra, although there was evidence at the time that species of Pyropia could be separated into several genera. Subsequent global phylogenetic analyses continued to resolve species assigned to Pyropia into several major clades with strong support, and the latest biogeographic analyses indicated that species distribution was also a pointer to the underlying phylogeny of Pyropia sensu lato. Therefore, in the present study, we have redefined the genus Pyropia, resurrected Porphyrella, and proposed four new genera: Calidia, Neoporphyra, Neopyropia, and Uedaea. Based on a molecular phylogenetic study of the bladed Bangiales of China, a species which did not match any known taxa was resolved in the new genus Calidia. The species, Calidia pseudolobata sp. nov., is described based on both morphological and molecular data. Molecular sequence data for rbcL, 18S, and COI-5P were amplified for 15 samples in the present study. All the obtained rbcL sequences were identical to each other except for one (LYCN117) with one base pair difference. Two haplotypes of 18S (V9 region) were observed with one base pair difference (C/T30 ). All the obtained COI-5P sequences were identical. Morphological comparisons were conducted not only with species in Calidia, but also with generically uncertain species currently assigned to Porphyra.

  • a molecular phylogeny of the bladed Bangiales rhodophyta in china provides insights into biodiversity and biogeography of the genus pyropia
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2018
    Co-Authors: Lien Yang, Wei Zhou, Jianyi Zhu, Yinyin Deng, Stephen J Russell, Tao Zhang, Juliet Brodie
    Abstract:

    A molecular taxonomic study was undertaken for the first time of the bladed Bangiales of the mainland coast of China (Northwest Pacific) based on sequence data of 201 plastid rbcL and 148 nuclear 18S sequences of historical and contemporary specimens. The results revealed that only one genus of bladed Bangiales, Pyropia, was present along Chinese coast. Species delimitation was determined using two empirical methods: the Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) and General Mixed Yule Coalescence (GMYC) coupled with detection of monophyly in tree reconstruction. At least fourteen species of Pyropia were recovered. Six species were confirmed that had been recorded previously based on morphology (Py. suborbiculata, Py. yezoensis, Py. haitanensis, Py. katadae, Py. tenera and Py. acanthophora), three species were recorded from China for the first time (Py. kinositae, Py. pseudolinearis and Py. tanegashimensis), and five cryptic species that did not match any molecular sequences were also discovered. The phylogeny of the concatenated rbcL and 18S dataset resolved three singletons and four clades. Each clades has a strong trend towards occupying a biogeographic region, but they are not confined to them. A transoceanic and antitropical pattern of distribution was found for Pyropia at both the subgeneric and species level. This together with high biodiversity (ca. 30% of all known Pyropia species) indicates that the Northwest Pacific might act as a centre of origin for modern distribution of Pyropia since the early Cenozoic.

  • a review of the bladed Bangiales rhodophyta in china history culture and taxonomy
    European Journal of Phycology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Lien Yang, Juliet Brodie
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTIn this paper, we review cultural history, mariculture and taxonomic work to date for Porphyra sensu lato (bladed Bangiales) in China. The bladed Bangiales are a red seaweed group with high species biodiversity and economic value. In China, species occur along the length of the coast and are highly integrated into the country’s culture. Chinese people have used the bladed Bangiales as food and pharmaceuticals for about 1700 years with many references to these seaweeds in ancient books. The mariculture of bladed Bangiales in China also has a long history and an industry has been established based on some species, notably Pyropia yezoensis. The scientific study of the taxonomy of the bladed Bangiales in China began in the late 1920s and to date, based on morphological identification, 25 species and five varieties have been recorded for China, of which 12 species are considered to be endemic to the country. The majority of species have distribution data showing evidence of possible changes due to inc...

  • diversity of bladed Bangiales rhodophyta in western mediterranean recognition of the genus themis and descriptions of t ballesterosii sp nov t iberica sp nov and pyropia parva sp nov
    Journal of Phycology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Noemi Sanchez, Alba Verges, Cesar Peteiro, Judith E Sutherland, Juliet Brodie
    Abstract:

    The diversity of the bladed species of the red algal order Bangiales from the Iberian Mediterranean shores has been reassessed after a detailed study of this region. Prior to this study, 11 bladed species of Bangiales had been reported from Mediterranean waters: Porphyra atropurpurea, P. cordata, P. coriacea, P. dioica, P. linearis, P. purpurea, P. umbilicalis, Pyropia leucosticta, Pyropia koreana (as P. olivii), Py. elongata (as P. rosengurttii) and Py. suborbiculata. A combined analysis of the nuclear nSSU and the plastid rbcL genes together with detailed morphological studies has confirmed the presence of species within the genera Porphyra and Pyropia and also revealed a third, undescribed genus, Themis gen. nov. Porphyra linearis, Pyropia elongata and the introduced Pyropia koreana had been previously listed for the Mediterranean and were recorded in this study. An additional four species, including the introduced Pyropia suborbiculata and three new species: Pyropia parva sp. nov., Themis ballesterosii sp. nov., and Themis iberica sp. nov. were also observed. Hence, most of the Porphyra species traditionally reported along these shores were not reported in this survey. This new floristic Bangiales composition confirms the importance of the Mediterranean basin as a hotspot for biodiversity, possible endemics of ancient origin and high proportion of introductions. Our data also continue to confirm the extent of Bangiales diversity at regional and worldwide levels.

  • diversity and distribution of foliose Bangiales rhodophyta in west greenland a link between the north atlantic and north pacific
    European Journal of Phycology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Agnes Molsmortensen, Christopher D Neefus, Poul Moller Pedersen, Juliet Brodie
    Abstract:

    Greenland is a continental island in the northern part of the North Atlantic where the foliose Bangiales flora is poorly known. It is an important area for the study of algal biogeography because of the region’s glacial history, in which Greenland has been alternately exposed to or isolated from the North Pacific via the Bering Strait. A molecular study using 3′ rbcL + 5′ rbcL–S sequences was undertaken to assess the diversity of foliose Bangiales on the west coast of Greenland and rbcL sequences were used to study the Greenland flora in a larger phylogenetic and floristic context. New and historic collections document seven species in four genera from the west coast of Greenland. All species had a close link to North Pacific species, being either conspecific with them or North Atlantic–North Pacific vicariant counterparts.

Mariana Cabral De Oliveira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • native or introduced a re evaluation of pyropia species Bangiales rhodophyta from brazil based on molecular analyses
    European Journal of Phycology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Daniela Milstein, Amanda S. Medeiros, Eurico C. Oliveira, Mariana Cabral De Oliveira
    Abstract:

    The genus Porphyra sensu lato of the Bangiales has been reported from the Brazilian coast since the 19th century. However, a major worldwide taxonomic revision of the Bangiales indicated that the foliose genus present in Brazil was Pyropia and that Porphyra sensu stricto has not been recorded from this region. A revision of the species of Pyropia in Brazil, based on sequence analysis of molecular markers (rbcL and SSU rDNA) and complemented with morphology, revealed the occurrence of five distinct species in Brazil: P. acanthophora, P. spiralis, P. suborbiculata, P. tanegashimensis and P. vietnamensis. Possible events of Pyropia species introduction in Brazil are discussed in the context of phylogenetic analyses. Pyropia acanthophora and P. spiralis, regarded as southwestern Atlantic species, were not closely related in phylogenetic analyses. Pyropia acanthophora grouped with the possibly introduced Indo-Pacific species P. suborbiculata, P. tanegashimensis and P. vietnamensis. Analysis of available COI-5P...

  • will a dna barcoding approach be useful to identify porphyra species Bangiales rhodophyta
    Journal of Applied Phycology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Daniela Milstein, Amanda S. Medeiros, Eurico C. Oliveira, Mariana Cabral De Oliveira
    Abstract:

    This paper is part of an extensive study on the biodiversity of the macroalgal flora of Sao Paulo state, SE Brazil. Previous assessments were based only on morphological descriptions. Here, we tested the effectiveness of DNA barcoding, in comparison with morphological observations for the recognition and cataloging of species. The focus of this study is the genus Porphyra, which is a conspicuous component of the upper intertidal on rocky shores of this region. With five currently accepted species, we have sequenced three short markers: cox1, cox2–3 spacer and UPA to establish the first DNA barcode database for the Porphyra species from the Brazilian coast. The three markers, although with different evolution rates, recovered a cryptic species (Porphyra sp. 77), grouped two different species (Porphyra drewiana and Porphyra spiralis) that are being synonymized, and finally indicated that varieties within P. acanthophora and P. spiralis are merely morphological, with no sequence divergence in the studied molecular markers.

  • a new look at an ancient order generic revision of the Bangiales rhodophyta 1
    Journal of Phycology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Judith E Sutherland, Wendy A. Nelson, Norio Kikuchi, Masahiko Miyata, Juliet Brodie, Sandra C Lindstrom, Michael D Lynch, Mi Sook Hwang, Hangu Choi, Mariana Cabral De Oliveira
    Abstract:

    The red algal order Bangiales has been revised as a result of detailed regional studies and the development of expert local knowledge of Bangiales floras, followed by collaborative global analyses based on wide taxon sampling and molecular analyses. Combined analyses of the nuclear SSU rRNA gene and the plastid RUBISCO LSU (rbcL) gene for 157 Bangiales taxa have been conducted. Fifteen genera of Bangiales, seven filamentous and eight foliose, are recognized. This classification includes five newly described and two resurrected genera. This revision constitutes a major change in understanding relationships and evolution in this order. The genus Porphyra is now restricted to five described species and a number of undescribed species. Other foliose taxa previously placed in Porphyra are now recognized to belong to the genera Boreophyllum gen. nov., Clymene gen. nov., Fuscifolium gen. nov., Lysithea gen. nov., Miuraea gen. nov., Pyropia, and Wildemania. Four of the seven filamentous genera recognized in our analyses already have generic names (Bangia, Dione, Minerva, and Pseudobangia), and are all currently monotypic. The unnamed filamentous genera are clearly composed of multiple species, and few of these species have names. Further research is required: the genus to which the marine taxon Bangia fuscopurpurea belongs is not known, and there are also a large number of species previously described as Porphyra for which nuclear SSU ribosomal RNA (nrSSU) or rbcL sequence data should be obtained so that they can be assigned to the appropriate genus.

  • group i introns and associated homing endonuclease genes reveals a clinal structure for porphyra spiralis var amplifolia Bangiales rhodophyta along the eastern coast of south america
    BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Daniela Milstein, Mariana Cabral De Oliveira, Felipe De Mello Martins, Sergio Russo Matioli
    Abstract:

    Background Group I introns are found in the nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU rDNA) of some species of the genus Porphyra (Bangiales, Rhodophyta). Size polymorphisms in group I introns has been interpreted as the result of the degeneration of homing endonuclease genes (HEG) inserted in peripheral loops of intron paired elements. In this study, intron size polymorphisms were characterized for different Porphyra spiralis var. amplifolia (PSA) populations on the Southern Brazilian coast, and were used to infer genetic relationships and genetic structure of these PSA populations, in addition to cox2-3 and rbcL-S regions. Introns of different sizes were tested qualitatively for in vitro self-splicing.

  • molecular phylogeny of Bangiales rhodophyta based on small subunit rdna sequencing emphasis on brazilian porphyra species
    Phycologia, 2005
    Co-Authors: Daniela Milstein, Mariana Cabral De Oliveira
    Abstract:

    D. Milstein and M. C. de Oliveira. 2005. Molecular phylogeny of Bangiales (Rhodophyta) based on small subunit rDNA sequencing: emphasis on Brazilian Porphyra species. Phycologia 44: 212–221.In an a...

Yusho Aruga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Sex and Sex Determination in Pyropia haitanensis (Bangiales, Rhodophyta)
    2013
    Co-Authors: Yuan Zhang, Xing-hong Yan, Yusho Aruga
    Abstract:

    Pyropia haitanensis has a biphasic life cycle with macroscopic gametophytic blade (n) and microscopic filamentous conchocelis (2n) phase. Its gametophytic blades have long been believed to be mainly dioecious. However, when crossing the red mutant (R, R) with the wild type (W, =), the parental colors were segregated in F1 blades, of which 96.1 % were linearly sectored with 2–4 color sectors. When color sectors were excised from the color-sectored blades and cultured singly, 99.7 % of the color sectors appeared to be unisexual with an equal sex ratio. Although the sex of color sector did not genetically link with its color, the boundaries of both sex and color sectors coincided precisely. About 87.9 % of the examined color-sectored blades were monoecious and the percentage increased with the number of color sectors of a blade. The gametophytic blades from each conchocelis strain produced by parthenogenesis of the excised color sectors were unisexual and unicolor, showing the same sex and color as their original sectors. These results indicate that most of the sexually reproduced Py. haitanensis blades are monoecious, and their sex is controlled by segregation of a pair of alleles during meiosis of conchospore, forming a sex-sectored tetrad. During the subsequent development of blades, one or two lower cell(s) of the tetrad contribute mainly to rhizoid formation, and rarely show their sexual phenotype, leading to reduced frequency of full sex phenotype of the meiotic blades. Moreover, the aberrant segregations of sex genes or colo

  • morphological and molecular analysis of the endangered species porphyra tenera Bangiales rhodophyta
    Journal of Phycology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Kyosuke Niwa, Norio Kikuchi, Yusho Aruga
    Abstract:

    Porphyra tenera Kjellman, widely cultivated in nori farms before the development of artificial seeding, is currently listed as an endangered species in Japan. To confirm whether a wild-collected gametophytic blade was P. tenera or the closely related species P. yezoensis Ueda, morphological observations and molecular analyses were made on the pure line HGT-1 isolated from a wild blade. This pure line was identified as P. tenera based on detailed morphological features. Sequences of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer region 1 and the plastid RUBISCO spacer revealed that P. tenera HGT-1 was clearly different from P. yezoensis f. narawaensis Miura, the main species cultivated in Japan. PCR-RFLP analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region was found to be a convenient method for rapid discrimination between P. tenera and cultivated P. yezoensis. The restriction patterns generated by the endonucleases Dra I and Hae III were useful for differentiating between both gametophytic and conchocelis stages of P. tenera HGT-1 and P. yezoensis f. narawaensis strains. Thus, PCR-RFLP analysis will serve as a valuable tool for rapid species identification of cultivated Porphyra strains, culture collections of Porphyra strains for breeding material and conservation of biodiversity, and, as codominant cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence markers for interspecific hybridization products between P. tenera and P. yezoensis f. narawaensis. Under the same culture conditions, rate of blade length increase and the blade length-to-width ratio were lower in P. tenera HGT-1 than in P. yezoensis f. narawaensis HG-4. The HGT-1 became mature more rapidly than HG-4 and had thinner blades.

  • morphological and aflp variation of porphyra yezoensis ueda form narawaensis miura Bangiales rhodophyta
    Phycological Research, 2004
    Co-Authors: Kyosuke Niwa, Norio Kikuchi, Mitsunobu Iwabuchi, Yusho Aruga
    Abstract:

    SUMMARY Detailed morphological observations were made on two strains of cultivated Porphyra: HG-1 (pure line isolated from Dai-1) and Noriken-4 (parental strain of a pure line HG-4). The two strains were identified as P. yezoensis f. narawaensis based on their macroscopic and microscopic features, such as long linear or oblanceolate blades up to 50 cm in maximum length, division formulae of spermatangia and zygotosporangia, shape of trichogynes and carpogonia, and the second transverse divisional plane formed at the division from c/2 to c/4 in zygotosporangia. Gametophytic blades from two completely homozygous conchocelis strains isolated in this study (HG-1 and HG-4) were cultured under the same conditions and compared to confirm whether the differences in their shapes are genetically determined. The shape of blades from both of conchospores and monospores was always more slender in HG-4 than in HG-1 at the same blade age, suggesting that the difference in the blade shape between the two pure lines is due to genetic variation. To estimate the level of genetic variation the two pure lines were subjected to amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprint analysis. A total of 230 bands were detected in HG-1 and HG-4 using eight selective primer pairs, and the number of polymorphic bands was only two in HG-1. These results indicate that the two pure lines certainly show genetic variation, which is, however, at an extremely low level. The importance of pure-line breeding and the origin of currently cultivated Porphyra are discussed. This is the first report to identify currently cultivated Porphyra strains in Japan based on combined results of detailed morphological observations and molecular analysis.

  • Genetic analysis of artificial pigmentation mutants in Porphyra yezoensis Ueda (Bangiales, Rhodophyta)
    Phycological Research, 2000
    Co-Authors: Xing-hong Yan, Yusho Aruga
    Abstract:

    SUMMARY Porphyra yezoensis Ueda artificial pigmentation mutants, yel (green), fre (red-orange) and bop (pink), obtained by treatment with /V-methyl-/V′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, were genetically analysed. The mutations associated with color phenotypes are recessive because all of the heterozygous conchocelis resembled the wild type color when they were crossed with the wild type (wt). In the reciprocal crosses of yel × wt, both parental colors and eight types of blades appeared in the F1 gametophytic blades from the heterozygous conchocelis. Both colors segregated in the sectored F1 blades in a 1:1 ratio, indicating that the color pheno-type of yel resulted from a single mutation in the nuclear gene. In the reciprocal crosses of fre × wt, however, four colors and more than 40 types of blades appeared in the F1 blades from the heterozygous conchocelis, indicating that the color phenotype of fre resulted from two mutations in different genes. In the reciprocal crosses of bop×wt, three colors and 12 types of blades were observed in the F1 blades from the heterozygous conchocelis. Both parental colors appeared far more frequently than the third new color. These results indicated that the color phenotype of bop resulted from two closely linked mutations in different genes, and the epistasis occurred in the F1 blades. The mutants, yel, fre and bop, differ from the spontaneous green (C-O), the red (H-25) and the violet (V-O) mutants of P. yezoensis, respectively.

  • Induction and characterization of pigmentation mutants in Porphyra yezoensis (Bangiales, Rhodophyta)
    Journal of Applied Phycology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Xing-hong Yan, Yuji Fujita, Yusho Aruga
    Abstract:

    Porphyra yezoensis Ueda conchospore germlings (1–4-cell stages) were treated with N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) for inducing mutations. Three kinds of color-mutated gametophytic blades, which were composed of the mutated cells wholly, sectorially or spottedly, were obtained; and most of them were sectorially variegated blades. The highest frequency of these mutated blades was 1.3%. Four different pigmentation mutant strains were obtained by regenerating single cells and protoplasts that were enzymatically isolated from the mutated sectors of the sectorially variegated blades. The mutants were relatively stable in color in both gametophytic blade and conchocelis phases. In the two phases, each mutant strain showed characteristic differences in the in vivo absorption spectra, and had different pigment contents of major photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a , phycoerythrin and phycocyanin) as compared with the wild-type and with each other. The gametophytic blades from the four mutant lines showed significant differences in growth and photosynthetic rates, when they were cultured in the same conditions. By crossing the mutant with the wild-type, it was found that the color phenotypes of two mutants reported above, were resulted from two mutations in different genes, respectively.

Guangce Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • antioxidant responses to hyperosmolarity stress in the intertidal pyropia yezoensis Bangiales rhodophyta
    Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts, 2020
    Co-Authors: Jiali Yang, Jianfeng Niu, Guangce Wang
    Abstract:

    Abstract Pyropia yezoensis (P. yezoensis) is an intertidal alga that periodically experiences environmental stress with turning tides. Both the antioxidases and the antioxidants are involved in the acclimation to the extremely variable intertidal environments. Here, mild (50‰), moderate (90‰), and severe (120‰) high-salinity stress treatments were designed to investigate protective mechanisms against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Results showed that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content in high-salinity stressed samples was maintained at levels similar to or lower than that of the control. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was up-regulated in samples treated with severe high-salinity and sustained stress with moderate high-salinity. Catalase (CAT) activity increased at the start of the experiment but decreased after 2 h of stress treatment. Reduced ascorbate (AsA) was up-regulated under high-salinity conditions, and AsA-dependent antioxidant enzymes played a more important role in the mild and moderate high-salinity stress treatments. While, reduced glutathione (GSH)-mediated antioxidant reactions became the most important as salinity increased to 120‰. Moreover, the rapid glutathione up-regulation during the initial stage of stress treatments demonstrated that GSH is essential in the scavenging of instantaneous ROS bursts. GSH was also suggested to be a central intermediate molecule involved in multiple oxidative stress response pathways. The results obtained here will do benefits to the breeding of P. yezoensis.

  • expression analysis of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in porphyra haitanensis rhodophyta sporophytes and gametophytes
    Phycological Research, 2013
    Co-Authors: Xiaojuan Zhang, Guangce Wang
    Abstract:

    Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) catalyzes carboxylation of phosphoenolpyruvate or decarboxylation of oxaloacetate, which plays an important role in some C-4 plants and algae. The full-length cDNA of the PEPCK gene cloned from Porphyra haitanensisT. J. Chang et B. F. Zheng (Bangiales, Rhodophyta), was denoted Phpepck. It had a nucleotide sequence of 2300 bp, including a 5-untranslated region (UTR) of 147 bp, a 3-UTR of 329 bp and an open reading frame of 1824 bp. The expression of PEPCK in P.haitanensis sporophytes and gametophytes was examined at the levels of transcription, translation and enzyme activity. Both PEPCK abundance and activity were higher in sporophytes than those in gametophytes, suggesting that a C-4-like carbon-fixation mechanism might be functional in P.haitanensis sporophytes.

  • cyclophilin participates in responding to stress situations in porphyra haitanensis Bangiales rhodophyta
    Journal of Phycology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Zhaojun Jia, Guangce Wang, Jianfeng Niu, Li Huan, Zhaojun Hou
    Abstract:

    Porphyra haitanensis (T. J. Chang & B. F. Zheng) is an important economic alga found off the southern coast of China. It has evolved a strong tolerance against stress, which is an important survival characteristic. Cyclophilin has been shown to be involved in the stress response of plants and algae. To investigate the tolerance against stress in Porphyra, we isolated the cyclophilin PhCYP18 gene (Accession number JQ413239) and measured its expression over different generations and stress conditions. In P. haitanensis, cyclophilin PhCYP18 accumulated more in the filamentous sporophyte generation than in the blade gametophyte generation. This difference was thought to be due to harsh environments and a gene dosage effect. It has been found, however, that PhCYP18 expression was dysregulated in blades under high salt stress, strong irradiance stress and multifactorial stress compared to blades under normal conditions. Moreover, the changes were not linearly related to the degree of stress. It was therefore thought that PhCYP18 actively responded to stress situations and induced strong stress tolerance, which is evident in P. haitanensis.

  • purification of phycoerythrin from porphyra yezoensis ueda Bangiales rhodophyta using expanded bed absorption
    Journal of Applied Phycology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Jianfeng Niu, Guangce Wang, Zhangfan Chen, Bai-cheng Zhou
    Abstract:

    R-phycoerythrin was purified by means of phenyl-sepharose expanded bed absorption and DEAE-sepharose ion-exchange chromatography from Porphyra yezoensis, one of the largest and important aquaculture species in China. Final R-phycoerythrin preparation was characterized by purity ratio above 4 and the homogeneity in native PAGE, respectively. The results of absorption spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and SDS-PAGE were in agreement with previous reports on R-PE. The yield of R-phycoerythrin was 0.82 mg g(-1) wet leafy gametophyte of P. yezoensis. This method is a high-protein recovery technology while reducing processing time, and is suitable for the large batch production of R-phycoerythrin, which will enhance the value of P. yezoensis in China, especially the inferior P. yezoensis which can not be used for flake processing.

  • An improved PCR method for direct identification of Porphyra (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) using conchocelis based on a RUBISCO intergenic spacer
    Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2009
    Co-Authors: Chao Wang, Guangce Wang, Dong Dong, Baoyu Zhang, Guang Peng, Xiaorong Tang
    Abstract:

    An improved method of PCR in which the small segment of conchocelis is amplified directly without DNA extraction was used to amplify a RUBISCO intergenic spacer DNA fragment from nine species of red algal genus Porphyra (Bangiales, Rhodophyta), including Porphyra yezoensis (Jiangsu, China), P. haitanensis (Fujian, China), P. oligospermatangia (Qingdao, China), P. katadai (Qingdao, China), P. tenera (Qingdao, China), P. suborboculata (Fujian, China), P. pseudolinearis (Kogendo, Korea), P. linearis (Devon, England), and P. fallax (Seattle, USA). Standard PCR and the method developed here were both conducted using primers specific for the RUBISCO spacer region, after which the two PCR products were sequenced. The sequencing data of the amplicons obtained using both methods were identical, suggesting that the improved PCR method was functional. These findings indicate that the method developed here may be useful for the rapid identification of species of Porphyra in a germplasm bank. In addition, a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the RUBISCO spacer and partial rbcS sequence, and the results were in concordant with possible alternative phylogenies based on traditional morphological taxonomic characteristics, indicating that the RUBISCO spacer is a useful region for phylogenetic studies.

Wendy A. Nelson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a new look at an ancient order generic revision of the Bangiales rhodophyta 1
    Journal of Phycology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Judith E Sutherland, Wendy A. Nelson, Norio Kikuchi, Masahiko Miyata, Juliet Brodie, Sandra C Lindstrom, Michael D Lynch, Mi Sook Hwang, Hangu Choi, Mariana Cabral De Oliveira
    Abstract:

    The red algal order Bangiales has been revised as a result of detailed regional studies and the development of expert local knowledge of Bangiales floras, followed by collaborative global analyses based on wide taxon sampling and molecular analyses. Combined analyses of the nuclear SSU rRNA gene and the plastid RUBISCO LSU (rbcL) gene for 157 Bangiales taxa have been conducted. Fifteen genera of Bangiales, seven filamentous and eight foliose, are recognized. This classification includes five newly described and two resurrected genera. This revision constitutes a major change in understanding relationships and evolution in this order. The genus Porphyra is now restricted to five described species and a number of undescribed species. Other foliose taxa previously placed in Porphyra are now recognized to belong to the genera Boreophyllum gen. nov., Clymene gen. nov., Fuscifolium gen. nov., Lysithea gen. nov., Miuraea gen. nov., Pyropia, and Wildemania. Four of the seven filamentous genera recognized in our analyses already have generic names (Bangia, Dione, Minerva, and Pseudobangia), and are all currently monotypic. The unnamed filamentous genera are clearly composed of multiple species, and few of these species have names. Further research is required: the genus to which the marine taxon Bangia fuscopurpurea belongs is not known, and there are also a large number of species previously described as Porphyra for which nuclear SSU ribosomal RNA (nrSSU) or rbcL sequence data should be obtained so that they can be assigned to the appropriate genus.

  • the identity of porphyra columbina Bangiales rhodophyta originally described from the new zealand subantarctic islands
    Australian Systematic Botany, 2010
    Co-Authors: Wendy A. Nelson, J E Broom
    Abstract:

    Porphyra columbina Mont. (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) was collected in 1840 from the Auckland Islands in the New Zealand subantarctic region. This name has been applied to bladed Bangiales exhibiting a wide range of morphological forms, and found throughout the New Zealand region and in much of the southern hemisphere, particularly in Australia and Chile. By using morphological and anatomical characters as well as nSSU and rbcL sequence data, Montagne’s description of P. columbina is re-examined in the light of recent collections from the New Zealand region and the Southern Ocean. We conclude that P. columbina is primarily distributed in cold temperate conditions, including the Auckland, Campbell, Antipodes, Chatham and Falkland Islands, and is only rarely present on mainland New Zealand. Specimens from the type locality and other subantarctic locations have a rosette to ovate growth form and are typically less than 5 cm in height/width, with specimens from more northern locations including some ribbon-like growth forms. Thalli are purple to grey, bleaching golden green. Mature specimens have a distinctly spotted appearance, with conspicuous large, purple–red clusters of phyllospores and golden marginal areas of spermatangia. Five unique rbcL haplotypes, differing by 1–6 substitutions, were obtained from 26 specimens, with the most common haplotype found in specimens from the Auckland, Campbell and the Falkland Islands.

  • relationships of the porphyra Bangiales rhodophyta flora of the falkland islands a molecular survey using rbcl and nssu sequence data
    Australian Systematic Botany, 2010
    Co-Authors: J E Broom, Tracy J. Farr, Wendy A. Nelson, Louise Elizabeth Phillips, Margaret Clayton
    Abstract:

    The phylogenetic relationships of Porphyra collected from the Falkland Islands have been examined using molecular data from two loci, the plastid rbcL gene and the nuclear nSSU gene, in conjunction with morphological observations. Nine species have been distinguished, belonging to four distinct lineages within the Bangiales, differing from one another by 16–137 substitutions in the rbcL gene. One species is closely related to P. amplissima, a north Atlantic taxon, three are resolved in a clade that includes several species from New Zealand, Australia and South Africa, as well as P. umbilicalis, whereas four others are more closely related to Southern Ocean species, including P. cinnamomea, P. virididentata and several as yet unnamed taxa from New Zealand, Australia and South Africa. Three species, one of which we identify as P. columbina, appear to be widely distributed in the Southern Ocean, with representatives on the Falkland Islands and on islands of the Australian and New Zealand subantarctic.

  • Porphyra migitae sp. nov. (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) from Japan
    Phycologia, 2010
    Co-Authors: Norio Kikuchi, Judy E. Broom, Wendy A. Nelson, Shogo Arai, Goro Yoshida, Jong-ahm Shin, Masahiko Miyata
    Abstract:

    Abstract Kikuchi N., Arai S., Yoshida G., Shin J.-A., Broom J.E., Nelson W.A. and Miyata M. 2010. Porphyra migitae sp. nov. (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) from Japan. Phycologia 49: 345–354. DOI: 10.2216/09-82.1 A new species of Porphyra, Porphyra migitae sp. nov., coloured fire red and collected subtidally in two localities in Japan, is described based on morphology, life history and molecular analyses. The new species can be distinguished from other fire-red coloured Porphyra species by a range of characters including the presence of conchospores and many archeospores and neutral spores on foliose thalli. Foliose thalli, which are sometimes lobed, are monoecious, and clearly distinguishable patches of spermatangial sori are not formed. Many holes are formed on the foliose thalli after release of spermatia. This species has a heteromorphic life history in which the macroscopic gametophytic foliose thalli alternate with the microscopic sporophytic filamentous thalli (conchocelis). In addition, the life history i...

  • phylogenetic relationships and generic concepts in the red order Bangiales challenges ahead
    Phycologia, 2006
    Co-Authors: Wendy A. Nelson, Tracy J. Farr, J E Broom
    Abstract:

    Abstract Over the past decade molecular sequence data and phylogenetic analyses have provided strong evidence that the order Bangiales is monophyletic, but that Porphyra and Bangia as currently understood are not. Previous research on the Bangiales has focused primarily on taxa from the North Pacific and North Atlantic. Recent exploration of Bangiales diversity in other regions, particularly the southern hemisphere, has revealed deep divergences in the order in phylogenetic analyses employing the slowly evolving 18S rRNA gene. The presence of high diversity in New Zealand raises the prospect that the southern hemisphere, and particularly eastern Gondwana, is not only a centre of diversity but a centre of origin for the Bangiales. Although the need for new generic concepts within this order is clear, it is our conclusion that approaches to revising the Bangiales based solely on regional approaches will not succeed: the completion of a modern and robust taxonomic revision of this order requires a global col...

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