The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Santiago Lavín - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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spatial and temporal phylogeny of Border Disease Virus in pyrenean chamois rupicapra p pyrenaica
PLOS ONE, 2016Co-Authors: C Luzzago, O. Cabezón, Santiago Lavín, R Rosell, Laura Fernandezsirera, Erika Ebranati, Carla Veo, Luca Rossi, Serena Cavallero, P LanfranchiAbstract:Border Disease Virus (BDV) affects a wide range of ruminants worldwide, mainly domestic sheep and goat. Since 2001 several outbreaks of Disease associated to BDV infection have been described in Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) in Spain, France and Andorra. In order to reconstruct the most probable places of origin and pathways of dispersion of BDV among Pyrenean chamois, a phylogenetic analysis of 95 BDV 5'untranslated sequences has been performed on chamois and domestic ungulates, including novel sequences and retrieved from public databases, using a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Discrete and continuous space phylogeography have been applied on chamois sequences dataset, using centroid positions and latitude and longitude coordinates of the animals, respectively. The estimated mean evolutionary rate of BDV sequences was 2.9×10-3 subs/site/year (95% HPD: 1.5-4.6×10-3). All the Pyrenean chamois isolates clustered in a unique highly significant clade, that originated from BDV-4a ovine clade. The introduction from sheep (dated back to the early 90s) generated a founder effect on the chamois population and the most probable place of origin of Pyrenean chamois BDV was estimated at coordinates 42.42 N and 1.9 E. The pathways of Virus dispersion showed two main routes: the first started on the early 90s of the past century with a westward direction and the second arise in Central Pyrenees. The Virus spread westward for more than 125 km and southward for about 50km and the estimated epidemic diffusion rate was about 13.1 km/year (95% HPD 5.2-21.4 km/year). The strong spatial structure, with strains from a single locality segregating together in homogeneous groups, and the significant pathways of viral dispersion among the areas, allowed to reconstruct both events of infection in a single area and of migrations, occurring between neighboring areas.
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Border Disease Virus: An Exceptional Driver of Chamois Populations Among Other Threats.
Frontiers in microbiology, 2015Co-Authors: Emmanuel Serrano, Roser Velarde, Emmanuelle Gilot-fromont, O. Cabezón, Rosa Rosell, Andreu Colom-cadena, Mathieu Garel, Laura Fernández-sirera, Xavier Fernández-aguilar, Santiago LavínAbstract:Though it is accepted that emerging infectious Diseases are a threat to planet biodiversity, little information exists about their role as drivers of species extinction. Populations are also affected by natural catastrophes and other pathogens, making it difficult to estimate the particular impact of emerging Diseases. Border Disease Virus genogroup 4 (BDV-4) caused a previously unreported decrease in populations of Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra p. pyrenaica) in Spain. Using a population viability analysis, we compared probabilities of extinction of a virtual chamois population affected by winter conditions, density dependence, keratoconjunctivitis, sarcoptic mange and BDV outbreaks. BDV-affected populations showed double risk of becoming extinct in 50 years, confirming the exceptional ability of this Virus to drive chamois populations.
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haematology and serum chemistry of pyrenean chamois rupicapra pyrenaica naturally infected with a Border Disease Virus
Research in Veterinary Science, 2011Co-Authors: Laura Fernandezsirera, Gregorio Mentaberre, Santiago Lavín, Jorge Ramon Lopezolvera, Rafaela Cuenca, Ignasi MarcoAbstract:In 2005 and 2006 an outbreak of Disease associated with Border Disease Virus (BDV) infection caused high mortality in the Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) in the Catalan Pyrenees (NE Spain). The aim of this study was to determine values for different haematological and serum biochemical analytes in 32 free-ranging Pyrenean chamois affected by the Disease and to compare them with those obtained from healthy chamois. In the affected chamois red blood cell counts, haemoglobin concentrations, packed cell volumes, mean corpuscular volumes and lymphocyte counts were all lower, while the neutrophil and platelet counts were higher. Glucose, lactate, triglycerides, creatinine, total protein concentrations and alkaline phosphatase activity were also lower, in contrast to the concentrations of total bilirubin, urea and aspartate aminotransferase activity, which were higher. Most of the observed changes could be associated with cachexia and inflammation in the affected chamois. Lymphopenia could be directly related to the BDV, which would lead to immunosuppression and explain the high rate of secondary infection observed in these animals.
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Experimental infection of lambs with Border Disease Virus isolated from a Pyrenean chamois
The Veterinary record, 2010Co-Authors: O. Cabezón, Roser Velarde, Rosa Rosell, Santiago Lavín, Joaquim Segalés, Ignasi MarcoAbstract:Border Disease is a congenital infection, caused by Border Disease Virus (BDV) (genus PestiVirus , Family Flaviviridae), that affects sheep worldwide. Sheep flocks with Border Disease are characterised by barren ewes, abortions, stillbirths, the birth of weak lambs and the presence of persistently
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Border Disease Virus shedding and detection in naturally infected pyrenean chamois rupicapra pyrenaica
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2010Co-Authors: O. Cabezón, Roser Velarde, Gregorio Mentaberre, Santiago Lavín, R Rosell, Encarna Casasdiaz, Ignasi MarcoAbstract:Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) populations of the central and eastern Pyrenees have been affected by severe outbreaks associated with Border Disease Virus (BDV) since 2001. Eight Pyrenean chamois (7 males and 1 female) from 1 to 8 years of age with clinical signs consistent with BDV infection were studied. At necropsy, whole blood, tissue samples (skin, brain, prescapular lymph node, thyroid gland, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, small intestine, bone marrow, and testicle), urine, and nasal, oral, and rectal swabs were obtained. The fetus from a pregnant female was also studied. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the Virus in all samples, and Virus isolation was performed. Sera and tissue samples were positive to RT-PCR, and the Virus was isolated from all chamois. The nasal, oral, and rectal swabs and urine samples were RT-PCR positive in 100%, 85.71%, 71.43%, and 100% of chamois, respectively, confirming the excretion of the Virus via these 4 routes. In addition, sera were tested for BDV antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and seroneutralization techniques, with negative results. Sequence analysis of the 59 untranslated region in 7 of the chamois confirmed that the Virus is grouped into the BDV-4 genotype, the same BDV previously described in Pyrenean chamois. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study of naturally infected Pyrenean chamois, providing evidence that infected animals shed BDV through nasal, oral, fecal, and urinary excretion routes.
Ignasi Marco - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Antigenic and molecular characterisation of Border Disease Virus associated with high mortality in lambs in Spain
Veterinary record open, 2015Co-Authors: Santiago Vega, Ignasi Marco, O. Cabezón, Rafael Rosell, José A. Orden, T. Pérez, C. Marín, S. González, R. De La FuenteAbstract:Introduction Border Disease Virus (BDV) causes congenital disorders in sheep and results in severe, but underestimated, economic losses worldwide. However, information about BDV strains affecting several ruminants worldwide is scarce. Therefore, antigenic and genetic classification of isolates from different geographical regions is important to enhance the knowledge of the epidemiology of BDV. Materials and methods Five pestiViruses isolated from lambs in an epidemic outbreak with an unusually high mortality in Spain in 1997 were characterised antigenically with a panel of monoclonal antibodies and genetically by sequencing within the 50 untranslated (50UTR) region of the genome. Results All the isolates were classified as BDV and showed a high homology with the Aveyron strain (Av), which was associated with an epidemic reported in sheep from the Aveyron region of France in 1984. Conclusions Classification of the isolates from this study provides valuable information on the molecular epidemiology of BDV.
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Experimental infection of pregnant Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) with Border Disease Virus subtype 4.
Journal of wildlife diseases, 2013Co-Authors: Claire Martin, Véronique Duquesne, Jean-michel Guibert, Coralie Pulido, Philippe Gibert, Richard Thiéry, Roser Velarde, Emmanuelle Gilot-fromont, Ignasi Marco, Eric DuboisAbstract:Border Disease Virus (BDV) causes high mortality in Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) on the French and Spanish sides of the Pyrenees Mountains. We investigated the pathology induced by BDV in pregnant chamois via experimental infection. Three females were inoculated during the second third of pregnancy with a BDV-4 subgroup strain isolated from a wild Pyrenean chamois during an acute epizootic. A fourth pregnant chamois and one nonpregnant ewe were kept as negative controls. Animals were monitored to assess clinical signs, hematology, viremia, and serology. Postmortem examinations included necropsy, histopathology, and quantification of viral RNA in organs. Pregnancy was unsuccessful in all inoculated animals. One died 24 days postinoculation (dpi) without showing any precursory clinical signs. The second animal had profuse diarrhea from 13 dpi to its death at 51 dpi. The third aborted at 46 dpi and was euthanized at 51 dpi. All animals were viremic from 4 dpi until death. Neutralizing antibodies against BDV-4 were detected from 12 dpi. Necropsies showed generalized lymphadenomegaly, associated in one case with disseminated petechial hemorrhages in the digestive tract. Seventy-eight of 79 organs from inoculated adults and their fetuses had detectable viral RNA. The main histologic lesions in adults were mild lymphohistiocytic encephalitis associated with moderate or moderately severe lymphoid depletion. Control animals remained negative for Virus (in blood and organs), antibody, and lesions upon postmortem examination. BDV infection during pregnancy in Pyrenean chamois causes severe Disease leading to abortion, then death. Despite 100% fetal death following inoculation, viral RNA was recovered from all organs of infected fetuses, suggesting that persistently infected offspring could be born. Our results may help explain the reported decrease in chamois populations in several areas and suggest that great care must be taken when interpreting infection status for wildlife.
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haematology and serum chemistry of pyrenean chamois rupicapra pyrenaica naturally infected with a Border Disease Virus
Research in Veterinary Science, 2011Co-Authors: Laura Fernandezsirera, Gregorio Mentaberre, Santiago Lavín, Jorge Ramon Lopezolvera, Rafaela Cuenca, Ignasi MarcoAbstract:In 2005 and 2006 an outbreak of Disease associated with Border Disease Virus (BDV) infection caused high mortality in the Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) in the Catalan Pyrenees (NE Spain). The aim of this study was to determine values for different haematological and serum biochemical analytes in 32 free-ranging Pyrenean chamois affected by the Disease and to compare them with those obtained from healthy chamois. In the affected chamois red blood cell counts, haemoglobin concentrations, packed cell volumes, mean corpuscular volumes and lymphocyte counts were all lower, while the neutrophil and platelet counts were higher. Glucose, lactate, triglycerides, creatinine, total protein concentrations and alkaline phosphatase activity were also lower, in contrast to the concentrations of total bilirubin, urea and aspartate aminotransferase activity, which were higher. Most of the observed changes could be associated with cachexia and inflammation in the affected chamois. Lymphopenia could be directly related to the BDV, which would lead to immunosuppression and explain the high rate of secondary infection observed in these animals.
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Experimental infection of lambs with Border Disease Virus isolated from a Pyrenean chamois
The Veterinary record, 2010Co-Authors: O. Cabezón, Roser Velarde, Rosa Rosell, Santiago Lavín, Joaquim Segalés, Ignasi MarcoAbstract:Border Disease is a congenital infection, caused by Border Disease Virus (BDV) (genus PestiVirus , Family Flaviviridae), that affects sheep worldwide. Sheep flocks with Border Disease are characterised by barren ewes, abortions, stillbirths, the birth of weak lambs and the presence of persistently
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Border Disease Virus shedding and detection in naturally infected pyrenean chamois rupicapra pyrenaica
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2010Co-Authors: O. Cabezón, Roser Velarde, Gregorio Mentaberre, Santiago Lavín, R Rosell, Encarna Casasdiaz, Ignasi MarcoAbstract:Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) populations of the central and eastern Pyrenees have been affected by severe outbreaks associated with Border Disease Virus (BDV) since 2001. Eight Pyrenean chamois (7 males and 1 female) from 1 to 8 years of age with clinical signs consistent with BDV infection were studied. At necropsy, whole blood, tissue samples (skin, brain, prescapular lymph node, thyroid gland, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, small intestine, bone marrow, and testicle), urine, and nasal, oral, and rectal swabs were obtained. The fetus from a pregnant female was also studied. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the Virus in all samples, and Virus isolation was performed. Sera and tissue samples were positive to RT-PCR, and the Virus was isolated from all chamois. The nasal, oral, and rectal swabs and urine samples were RT-PCR positive in 100%, 85.71%, 71.43%, and 100% of chamois, respectively, confirming the excretion of the Virus via these 4 routes. In addition, sera were tested for BDV antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and seroneutralization techniques, with negative results. Sequence analysis of the 59 untranslated region in 7 of the chamois confirmed that the Virus is grouped into the BDV-4 genotype, the same BDV previously described in Pyrenean chamois. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study of naturally infected Pyrenean chamois, providing evidence that infected animals shed BDV through nasal, oral, fecal, and urinary excretion routes.
R Rosell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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spatial and temporal phylogeny of Border Disease Virus in pyrenean chamois rupicapra p pyrenaica
PLOS ONE, 2016Co-Authors: C Luzzago, O. Cabezón, Santiago Lavín, R Rosell, Laura Fernandezsirera, Erika Ebranati, Carla Veo, Luca Rossi, Serena Cavallero, P LanfranchiAbstract:Border Disease Virus (BDV) affects a wide range of ruminants worldwide, mainly domestic sheep and goat. Since 2001 several outbreaks of Disease associated to BDV infection have been described in Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) in Spain, France and Andorra. In order to reconstruct the most probable places of origin and pathways of dispersion of BDV among Pyrenean chamois, a phylogenetic analysis of 95 BDV 5'untranslated sequences has been performed on chamois and domestic ungulates, including novel sequences and retrieved from public databases, using a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Discrete and continuous space phylogeography have been applied on chamois sequences dataset, using centroid positions and latitude and longitude coordinates of the animals, respectively. The estimated mean evolutionary rate of BDV sequences was 2.9×10-3 subs/site/year (95% HPD: 1.5-4.6×10-3). All the Pyrenean chamois isolates clustered in a unique highly significant clade, that originated from BDV-4a ovine clade. The introduction from sheep (dated back to the early 90s) generated a founder effect on the chamois population and the most probable place of origin of Pyrenean chamois BDV was estimated at coordinates 42.42 N and 1.9 E. The pathways of Virus dispersion showed two main routes: the first started on the early 90s of the past century with a westward direction and the second arise in Central Pyrenees. The Virus spread westward for more than 125 km and southward for about 50km and the estimated epidemic diffusion rate was about 13.1 km/year (95% HPD 5.2-21.4 km/year). The strong spatial structure, with strains from a single locality segregating together in homogeneous groups, and the significant pathways of viral dispersion among the areas, allowed to reconstruct both events of infection in a single area and of migrations, occurring between neighboring areas.
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experimental infection with chamois Border Disease Virus causes long lasting viraemia and Disease in pyrenean chamois rupicapra pyrenaica
Journal of General Virology, 2011Co-Authors: O. Cabezón, Roser Velarde, Gregorio Mentaberre, Emmanuel Serrano, Jorge Ramon Lopezolvera, R Rosell, Laura Fernandezsirera, Encarna Casasdiaz, Cristina RiquelmeAbstract:Since 2001, severe outbreaks of Disease associated with Border Disease Virus (BDV) infection have been reported in Pyrenean chamois. The Disease is characterized by variable degrees of cachexia, alopecia and neurological manifestations prior to death. The aim of this study was to investigate this Disease under experimental conditions. To assess viral virulence, humoral immune response, dissemination and probable routes of transmission, seven chamois (five seronegative and two seropositive for BDV) were inoculated with a BDV isolated from a naturally infected chamois. A group of three chamois were maintained as uninfected controls. The five seronegative chamois became viraemic from day 2 post-inoculation (p.i.) until their death (three animals) or the end of the experiment (on day 34 p.i.) and developed neutralizing antibodies from day 18 p.i. until the end of the study. Continuous shedding of the Virus was detected by RT-PCR in oral, nasal and rectal swabs in viraemic chamois from day 5 p.i. Despite none of the viraemic chamois showing obvious neurological signs, all of them had a non-suppurative meningoencephalitis as seen in naturally infected chamois. The two inoculated BDV-seropositive chamois did not become viraemic. This study confirms that BDV is the primary agent of the Disease that has been affecting chamois populations in recent years in the Pyrenees and that previously acquired humoral immunity is protective.
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Border Disease Virus shedding and detection in naturally infected pyrenean chamois rupicapra pyrenaica
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2010Co-Authors: O. Cabezón, Roser Velarde, Gregorio Mentaberre, Santiago Lavín, R Rosell, Encarna Casasdiaz, Ignasi MarcoAbstract:Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) populations of the central and eastern Pyrenees have been affected by severe outbreaks associated with Border Disease Virus (BDV) since 2001. Eight Pyrenean chamois (7 males and 1 female) from 1 to 8 years of age with clinical signs consistent with BDV infection were studied. At necropsy, whole blood, tissue samples (skin, brain, prescapular lymph node, thyroid gland, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, small intestine, bone marrow, and testicle), urine, and nasal, oral, and rectal swabs were obtained. The fetus from a pregnant female was also studied. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the Virus in all samples, and Virus isolation was performed. Sera and tissue samples were positive to RT-PCR, and the Virus was isolated from all chamois. The nasal, oral, and rectal swabs and urine samples were RT-PCR positive in 100%, 85.71%, 71.43%, and 100% of chamois, respectively, confirming the excretion of the Virus via these 4 routes. In addition, sera were tested for BDV antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and seroneutralization techniques, with negative results. Sequence analysis of the 59 untranslated region in 7 of the chamois confirmed that the Virus is grouped into the BDV-4 genotype, the same BDV previously described in Pyrenean chamois. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study of naturally infected Pyrenean chamois, providing evidence that infected animals shed BDV through nasal, oral, fecal, and urinary excretion routes.
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experimental infection of pigs with Border Disease Virus isolated from pyrenean chamois rupicapra pyrenaica
Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2010Co-Authors: Cabezon Oscar, Ignasi Marco, R Rosell, Marina Sibila, Lavin Santiago, Segales JoaquimAbstract:Between 2001 and 2007, several outbreaks of Disease associated with Border Disease Virus (BDV) infection were reported in the central Pyrenees (northeast Spain) and were associated with a major reduction in chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) populations. At the same time, wild boars (Sus scrofa) from the same area were found to be seropositive to this pestiVirus, without showing clinical signs. The present study examines the susceptibility of domestic swine and the course of the infection with a BDV strain isolated from naturally infected chamois. Twenty pigs were inoculated with 1 3 10 7 TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) by oronasal route, and 16 control pigs received Eagles sterile Minimal Essential Medium. Serologic (enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay and Virus neutralization test) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays were performed on serum samples obtained at 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 31 days postinoculation (dpi). All infected pigs were viremic from 3 to 14 dpi. After 14 dpi, all infected animals developed an antibody response against the homologous Virus. Clinical signs or histologic lesions were not observed in inoculated pigs. The present work demonstrates the susceptibility of domestic swine to a BDV strain of chamois origin.
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epidemiological study of Border Disease Virus infection in southern chamois rupicapra pyrenaica after an outbreak of Disease in the pyrenees ne spain
Veterinary Microbiology, 2008Co-Authors: Ignasi Marco, Roser Velarde, O. Cabezón, Gregorio Mentaberre, Encarna Casas, Jorge Ramon Lopezolvera, R Rosell, Ana Hurtado, Santiago LavínAbstract:Abstract In 2001 and 2002, an outbreak of a previously unreported Disease, associated with a Border Disease Virus (BDV), caused high mortality in the Southern chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) population in the Alt Pallars-Aran National Hunting Reserve in the Catalan Pyrenees (NE Spain). Between 2002 and 2006, sera and/or tissue samples taken from 116 healthy chamois shot during the hunting season, plus 42 from chamois affected by different Diseases, were studied. A blocking enzyme-immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to study pestiVirus seroprevalence in 114 healthy hunted and 31 Diseased chamois, yielding positive results in 73.7 and 22.6% of the chamois, respectively. Comparative Virus neutralization tests (VNT) performed on 42 seropositive samples with 6 pestiVirus strains yielded statistically higher titres to BDV Spain 97, followed by BDV chamois, BDV 137/4, BDV Moredun, Bovine Diarrhoea Virus-1 (BVDV-1) NADL and BVDV-2 atypical. Virological investigations for pestiVirus detection were performed using an antigen ELISA test in 82 healthy and 18 Diseased chamois, RT-PCR in 16 healthy and in all Diseased chamois, and Virus isolation in 14 Diseased chamois. No viral antigen was detected in any of the healthy animals. A pestiVirus, characterized as BDV by monoclonal antibodies, was detected in the 10 chamois showing clinical signs consistent with BDV infection. Sequence analysis in the 5′ unstranslated region (5′-UTR) revealed that they were grouped into the BDV-4 genotype. In the remaining chamois, infectious keratoconjunctivitis, pneumonia, trauma and contagious ecthyma were diagnosed. The cause of death was unknown in five chamois. The results suggest that the infection has become endemic in the population and that it could have a significant impact on chamois population dynamics.
Jieyuan Jiang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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chinese Border Disease Virus strain jsls12 01 infects piglets and down regulates the antibody responses of classical swine fever Virus c strain vaccination
Vaccine, 2015Co-Authors: Li Mao, Xia Liu, Leilei Yang, Wenwen Zhang, Jianzhong Wei, Fei Hao, Jiawu Deng, Jieyuan JiangAbstract:During 2012 and 2013, several Border Disease Virus (BDV) strains were identified from Chinese goat and sheep herds. At the same time, pigs from the same areas were found to be seropositive to BDV by ELISA, without showing clinical signs (unpublished data). To examine the susceptibility of pigs to the Chinese BDV strains, BDV isolate JSLS12-01, isolated from naturally infected sheep, was used to infect pigs. Antibody responses, viremia, clinical signs and pathological changes of the infected animals were examined. It confirmed that the current BDV strain could infect the domestic pigs, the animals showed viremia during 4 to 14 days post infection (dpi) and sero-conversion from 14dpi; no clinical and pathological changes were observed. In addition, CSFV maternal antibody did not influence BDV infection. Subsequently, pigs were infected with the BDV isolate and vaccinated with Hog cholera lapinized Virus (HCLV) 21 days later to determine the effect of BDV infection on antibody induction of CSFV vaccination. The specific CSFV antibody and neutralizing antibody titers of the BDV infected group remained negative after the primary vaccination. Even after the boost vaccination, they were still significantly lower than those of the uninfected groups (p<0.05). These results indicated that BDV infection could down-regulate the antibody responses of CSFV C-strain vaccination. It should be paid attention that BDV prevalence in pig herds and in live vaccines might hamper the vaccination of CSF.
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Characterization of one sheep Border Disease Virus in China
Virology journal, 2015Co-Authors: Li Mao, Xia Liu, Leilei Yang, Wenwen Zhang, Jieyuan JiangAbstract:Border Disease Virus (BDV) causes Border Disease (BD) affecting mainly sheep and goats worldwide. BDV in goat herds suffering diarrhea was recently reported in China, however, infection in sheep was undetermined. Here, BDV infections of sheep herds in Jiangsu, China were screened; a BDV strain was isolated and identified from the sheep flocks in China. The genomic characteristics and pathogenesis of this new isolate were studied. In 2012, samples from 160 animals in 5 regions of Jiangsu province of China were screened for the presence of BDV genomic RNA and antibody by RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. 44.4% of the sera were detected positively, and one slowly grown sheep was analyzed to be pestiVirus RNA positive and antibody-negative. The sheep kept Virus positive and antibody negative in the next 6 months of whole fattening period, and was defined as persistent infection (PI). The Virus was isolated in MDBK cells without cytopathic effect (CPE) and named as JSLS12-01. Near-full-length genome sequenced was 12,227 nucleotides (nt). Phylogenetic analysis based on 5'-UTR and Npro fragments showed that the strain belonged to genotype 3, and shared varied homology with the other 3 BDV strains previously isolated from Chinese goats. The genome sequence of JSLS12-01 also had the highest homology with genotype BDV-3 (the strain Gifhorn). Experimental infections of sheep had mild clinical signs as depression and short-period mild fever (5 days). Viremia was detected in 1–7 days post-infection (dpi), and seroconversion began after 14 dpi. This study reported the genomic and pathogenesis characterizations of one sheep BDV strain, which confirmed the occurrence of BDV infection in Chinese sheep. This sheep derived BDV strain was classified as BDV-3, together with the goat derived strains in China. These results might be helpful for further understanding of BDV infection in China and useful for prevention and control of BDV infections in the future.
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Genome Sequence of Border Disease Virus Strain JSLS12-01, Isolated from Sheep in China
Genome announcements, 2013Co-Authors: Xia Liu, Li Mao, Li Wenliang, Leilei Yang, Wenwen Zhang, Jianzhong Wei, Jieyuan JiangAbstract:ABSTRACT Border Disease Virus (BDV) is a recognized Virus in the genus PestiVirus and causes Border Disease (BD) in sheep and goats. Here, a novel BDV strain, JSLS12-01, was identified from sheep in Jiangsu Province, China. The complete coding sequence (CDS) was finished, which provides a better understanding of the molecular evolution of BDV isolates.
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detection of Border Disease Virus bdv in goat herds suffering diarrhea in eastern china
Virology Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Li Mao, Yongqian Zhao, Yinhua Sun, Jieyuan JiangAbstract:Background: Border Disease Virus (BDV) is an important pathogen in sheep and goat production. Neither epidemiological investigation nor any reports of BDV infection was available in China. During Jan to Apr, 2012, several herd goats in Anhui and Jiangsu provinces in eastern China suffered unremitting diarrhea, with morbidity and mortality of about 28-37% and 10-15%, respectively. In the present study, sera and tissue samples from Diseased goats of four farms were taken for BDV detection, isolation and identification. Results: Panpesti generic primers and Border Disease Virus (BDV)-specific primers targeting the 5’-UTR region produced RT-PCR positive bands for sera (24/28) and tissue samples (7/30). Twenty positive sera and tissue samples were inoculated onto Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells for Virus isolation. Finally, three different strains of BDV, named AH12-01, AH12-02 and JS12/04, were successfully isolated as identified by RT-PCR using 5’-UTR and N pro gene primers, sequencing and electron microscopy. Sequences of 5’-UTR and N pro genes of them were used for phylogenetic analysis and comparison to other reference sequences available in GenBank. The results indicated AH12-01, AH12-02 and JS12/04 possess high relationship with the BDV 3 group Viruses and differed with each other. Conclusion: This is the first detection of BDV from goats with diarrhea and confirmation of BDV infection in China.
O. Cabezón - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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spatial and temporal phylogeny of Border Disease Virus in pyrenean chamois rupicapra p pyrenaica
PLOS ONE, 2016Co-Authors: C Luzzago, O. Cabezón, Santiago Lavín, R Rosell, Laura Fernandezsirera, Erika Ebranati, Carla Veo, Luca Rossi, Serena Cavallero, P LanfranchiAbstract:Border Disease Virus (BDV) affects a wide range of ruminants worldwide, mainly domestic sheep and goat. Since 2001 several outbreaks of Disease associated to BDV infection have been described in Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica pyrenaica) in Spain, France and Andorra. In order to reconstruct the most probable places of origin and pathways of dispersion of BDV among Pyrenean chamois, a phylogenetic analysis of 95 BDV 5'untranslated sequences has been performed on chamois and domestic ungulates, including novel sequences and retrieved from public databases, using a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Discrete and continuous space phylogeography have been applied on chamois sequences dataset, using centroid positions and latitude and longitude coordinates of the animals, respectively. The estimated mean evolutionary rate of BDV sequences was 2.9×10-3 subs/site/year (95% HPD: 1.5-4.6×10-3). All the Pyrenean chamois isolates clustered in a unique highly significant clade, that originated from BDV-4a ovine clade. The introduction from sheep (dated back to the early 90s) generated a founder effect on the chamois population and the most probable place of origin of Pyrenean chamois BDV was estimated at coordinates 42.42 N and 1.9 E. The pathways of Virus dispersion showed two main routes: the first started on the early 90s of the past century with a westward direction and the second arise in Central Pyrenees. The Virus spread westward for more than 125 km and southward for about 50km and the estimated epidemic diffusion rate was about 13.1 km/year (95% HPD 5.2-21.4 km/year). The strong spatial structure, with strains from a single locality segregating together in homogeneous groups, and the significant pathways of viral dispersion among the areas, allowed to reconstruct both events of infection in a single area and of migrations, occurring between neighboring areas.
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Border Disease Virus: An Exceptional Driver of Chamois Populations Among Other Threats.
Frontiers in microbiology, 2015Co-Authors: Emmanuel Serrano, Roser Velarde, Emmanuelle Gilot-fromont, O. Cabezón, Rosa Rosell, Andreu Colom-cadena, Mathieu Garel, Laura Fernández-sirera, Xavier Fernández-aguilar, Santiago LavínAbstract:Though it is accepted that emerging infectious Diseases are a threat to planet biodiversity, little information exists about their role as drivers of species extinction. Populations are also affected by natural catastrophes and other pathogens, making it difficult to estimate the particular impact of emerging Diseases. Border Disease Virus genogroup 4 (BDV-4) caused a previously unreported decrease in populations of Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra p. pyrenaica) in Spain. Using a population viability analysis, we compared probabilities of extinction of a virtual chamois population affected by winter conditions, density dependence, keratoconjunctivitis, sarcoptic mange and BDV outbreaks. BDV-affected populations showed double risk of becoming extinct in 50 years, confirming the exceptional ability of this Virus to drive chamois populations.
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Antigenic and molecular characterisation of Border Disease Virus associated with high mortality in lambs in Spain
Veterinary record open, 2015Co-Authors: Santiago Vega, Ignasi Marco, O. Cabezón, Rafael Rosell, José A. Orden, T. Pérez, C. Marín, S. González, R. De La FuenteAbstract:Introduction Border Disease Virus (BDV) causes congenital disorders in sheep and results in severe, but underestimated, economic losses worldwide. However, information about BDV strains affecting several ruminants worldwide is scarce. Therefore, antigenic and genetic classification of isolates from different geographical regions is important to enhance the knowledge of the epidemiology of BDV. Materials and methods Five pestiViruses isolated from lambs in an epidemic outbreak with an unusually high mortality in Spain in 1997 were characterised antigenically with a panel of monoclonal antibodies and genetically by sequencing within the 50 untranslated (50UTR) region of the genome. Results All the isolates were classified as BDV and showed a high homology with the Aveyron strain (Av), which was associated with an epidemic reported in sheep from the Aveyron region of France in 1984. Conclusions Classification of the isolates from this study provides valuable information on the molecular epidemiology of BDV.
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Identification of a porcine pestiVirus as a Border Disease Virus from naturally infected pigs in Spain.
The Veterinary record, 2013Co-Authors: Rosa Rosell, O. Cabezón, Joan Pujols, Mariano Domingo, Iván Muñoz, José I. Núñez, Llilianne GangesAbstract:Border Disease Virus (BDV), together with bovine viral diarrhoea Virus 1 (BVDV-1), BVDV-2 and classical swine fever Virus (CSFV), is classified in the genus PestiVirus within the family Flaviviridae . PestiViruses have been traditionally classified according the species that they infect, but interspecies transmission of pestiViruses among several artiodactyla species has been widely reported. Thus, whereas CSFV is predominantly restricted to pigs, BVDV and BDV infect many different ruminant species as well as swine (Becher and others 1997). CSFV serological surveillance is carried out in Spain according to the regulations issued by the European Union. In 2006, healthy pigs from a fattening swine farm in northern Spain tested positive in a routine ELISA screening for antibodies against CSFV. In a visit to the farm, no clinical signs (with no abnormal pig losses or low productivity) were observed. The positive sera were further analysed using the Virus neutralisation test (VNT), and the antibody titres against the Viruses used did not show clear-cut differentiation between CSFV and other pestiViruses. To monitor pestiVirus infection in the herd, and to characterise the Virus, additional serological and virological studies were performed. The present study focused on antigenic and molecular characterisation of pestiVirus isolated from naturally infected pigs from a herd in northern Spain detected during the CSFV surveillance programme. One-month-old piglets were monitored for pestiVirus infection on four sampling dates (SD1: 533 pigs, SD2: 523 pigs, SD3: 509 pigs, SD4: 470 pigs) at intervals of 45 days. To detect pestiVirus at the …
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experimental infection with chamois Border Disease Virus causes long lasting viraemia and Disease in pyrenean chamois rupicapra pyrenaica
Journal of General Virology, 2011Co-Authors: O. Cabezón, Roser Velarde, Gregorio Mentaberre, Emmanuel Serrano, Jorge Ramon Lopezolvera, R Rosell, Laura Fernandezsirera, Encarna Casasdiaz, Cristina RiquelmeAbstract:Since 2001, severe outbreaks of Disease associated with Border Disease Virus (BDV) infection have been reported in Pyrenean chamois. The Disease is characterized by variable degrees of cachexia, alopecia and neurological manifestations prior to death. The aim of this study was to investigate this Disease under experimental conditions. To assess viral virulence, humoral immune response, dissemination and probable routes of transmission, seven chamois (five seronegative and two seropositive for BDV) were inoculated with a BDV isolated from a naturally infected chamois. A group of three chamois were maintained as uninfected controls. The five seronegative chamois became viraemic from day 2 post-inoculation (p.i.) until their death (three animals) or the end of the experiment (on day 34 p.i.) and developed neutralizing antibodies from day 18 p.i. until the end of the study. Continuous shedding of the Virus was detected by RT-PCR in oral, nasal and rectal swabs in viraemic chamois from day 5 p.i. Despite none of the viraemic chamois showing obvious neurological signs, all of them had a non-suppurative meningoencephalitis as seen in naturally infected chamois. The two inoculated BDV-seropositive chamois did not become viraemic. This study confirms that BDV is the primary agent of the Disease that has been affecting chamois populations in recent years in the Pyrenees and that previously acquired humoral immunity is protective.