The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Paolo Boffetta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occupations and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2019Co-Authors: Prerna Khetan, Paolo Boffetta, Pagona Lagiou, Danièle Luce, Isabelle Stücker, Maria Paula Curado, Ana Menezes, Victor Wunsch-filho, Wolfgang Ahrens, Diego SerrainoAbstract:Objective: To investigate the associations between head and neck Cancer (HNC) risk and occupations.Methods: We harmonized data on occupations in a pooled analysis of 8839 HNC cases and 13,730 controls in International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for associations of occupations and HNC risk. Population attributable fraction (PAF) for occupations was calculated using the formula PEC × (OR - 1)/OR.Results: Trend of increasing HNC risk was found with increasing duration of employment for many occupations, including cooks (OR = 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09 to 1.68), cleaners (OR = 1.38; 95% CI 1.13 to 1.69), painters (OR = 1.82; 95% CI 1.42 to 2.35). The PAF for a priori occupations was 14.5% (95% CI 7.1% to 21.9%) for HNC.Conclusions: We found associations between certain occupations and HNC risks, including for subsites, with a duration-response relationship.
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A Quick Guide to Cancer Epidemiology
2014Co-Authors: Paolo Boffetta, Stefania Boccia, Carlo La VecchiaAbstract:This short and essential book [1] is addressed essentially to medical and public health students, and to anyone interested in a summary up to date presentation of Cancer Epidemiology and prevention. It is subdivided into four major sections, that include principles of primary and secondary Cancer prevention, the current global burden of neoplasms,...
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A Quick Guide to Cancer Epidemiology
2014Co-Authors: Paolo Boffetta, Stefania Boccia, Carlo La VecchiaAbstract:A Quick Guide to Cancer Epidemiology is an ideal addition to Springer Briefs in Cancer Research. The Brief provides core concepts in Cancer Epidemiology and also gives a snapshot of the Epidemiology of seventeen human Cancers. The Brief aims to provide-with quantitative focus-estimates of the global burden of neoplasms, of recent and likely future trends, distribution, causes and strategies for prevention for major groups of Cancers. Finally, the Brief will give an overview of severals factors that cause Cancer including dietary factors, tobacco smoking, obesity and alcohol consumption
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Occupational Cancer Epidemiology.
Giornale italiano di medicina del lavoro ed ergonomia, 2011Co-Authors: Paolo BoffettaAbstract:: Occupational Cancer Epidemiology has led to the identification of more than 40 agents, groups of agents, and exposure circumstances which cause Cancer in humans. This evidence has been followed by preventive and control measures. There are four areas where occupational Cancer Epidemiology may contribute important results in the future: surveillance of workers exposed to carcinogens, identification of new carcinogens and target organs, study of interactions, and research on special exposure circumstances.
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Grand Challenges in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention
Frontiers in oncology, 2011Co-Authors: Farhad Islami, Farin Kamangar, Paolo BoffettaAbstract:Cancer is the second cause of overall mortality in the world (Abegunde et al., 2007), with approximately 12.5 million new cases and 7.5 million deaths each year (Ferlay et al., 2010; Jemal et al., 2011). Many Cancers are preventable, and Cancer control represents a global challenge which will be significantly aided by increasing our knowledge of distribution, causes, and methods for prevention of Cancer. This journal, Frontiers in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, is dedicated to publishing papers on the distribution, etiology, and prevention of Cancer. In this article, we present our vision for the Journal. We discuss what has been discovered, what lies ahead, and what papers we hope to receive from authors. The overall scope of the Journal is summarized in Figure Figure11.
Mukesh Verma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mechanistic and Technical Challenges in Studying the Human Microbiome and Cancer Epidemiology.
Technology in cancer research & treatment, 2016Co-Authors: Mukesh VermaAbstract:This article reviews the significance of the microbiome in Cancer Epidemiology, mechanistic and technical challenges in the field, and characterization of the microbiome in different tumor types to identify biomarkers of risk, progression, and prognosis. Publications on the microbiome and Cancer Epidemiology were reviewed to analyze sample collection and processing, microbiome taxa characterization by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing, and microbiome metabolite characterization (metabotyping) by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The analysis identified methodology types, research design, sample types, and issues in integrating data from different platforms. Aerodigestive Cancer Epidemiology studies conducted by different groups demonstrated the significance of microbiome information in developing approaches to improve health. Challenges exist in sample preparation and processing (eg, standardization of methods for collection and analysis). These challenges relate to technology, data integration from "omics" studies, inherent bias in primer selection during 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing, the need for large consortia with well-characterized biospecimens, cause and effect issues, resilience of microbiota to exposure events (requires longitudinal studies), and expanding studies for fungal and viral diversity (most studies used bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing for microbiota characterization). Despite these challenges, microbiome and Cancer Epidemiology studies are significant and may facilitate Cancer risk assessment, diagnosis, and prognosis. In the future, clinical trials likely will use microbiota modifications to improve the efficacy of existing treatments.
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Epigenetic Research in Cancer Epidemiology: Trends, Opportunities, and Challenges
Cancer epidemiology biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research cosponsored by the American Society of Pre, 2013Co-Authors: Mukesh Verma, Deborah M. Winn, Scott D. Rogers, Rao L. Divi, Sheri D. Schully, Stefanie A. Nelson, Sharon A. Ross, Susan M. Pilch, Muin J. KhouryAbstract:Epigenetics is emerging as an important field in Cancer Epidemiology that promises to provide insights into gene regulation and facilitate Cancer control throughout the Cancer care continuum. Increasingly, investigators are incorporating epigenetic analysis into the studies of etiology and outcomes. To understand current progress and trends in the inclusion of epigenetics in Cancer Epidemiology, we evaluated the published literature and the National Cancer Institute (NCI)–supported research grant awards in this field to identify trends in epigenetics research. We present a summary of the epidemiologic studies in NCI's grant portfolio (from January 2005 through December 2012) and in the scientific literature published during the same period, irrespective of support from the NCI. Blood cells and tumor tissue were the most commonly used biospecimens in these studies, although buccal cells, cervical cells, sputum, and stool samples were also used. DNA methylation profiling was the focus of the majority of studies, but several studies also measured microRNA profiles. We illustrate here the current status of epidemiologic studies that are evaluating epigenetic changes in large populations. The incorporation of epigenomic assessments in Cancer Epidemiology studies has and is likely to continue to provide important insights into the field of Cancer research. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(2); 223–33. ©2013 AACR .
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Frontiers in Cancer Epidemiology: A Challenge to the Research Community from the Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program at the National Cancer Institute
Cancer epidemiology biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research cosponsored by the American Society of Pre, 2012Co-Authors: Muin J. Khoury, Scott D. Rogers, Sheri D. Schully, Daniela Seminara, Andrew N. Freedman, Elizabeth M. Gillanders, Chinonye Harvey, Christie Kaefer, Britt C. Reid, Mukesh VermaAbstract:The Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program (EGRP) at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) is developing scientific priorities for Cancer Epidemiology research in the next decade. We would like to engage the research community and other stakeholders in a planning effort that will include a workshop in December 2012 to help shape new foci for Cancer Epidemiology research. To facilitate the process of defining the future of Cancer Epidemiology, we invite the research community to join in an ongoing web-based conversation at to develop priorities and the next generation of high-impact studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(7); 999–1001. ©2012 AACR.
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Epigenetic biomarkers in Cancer Epidemiology.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton N.J.), 2012Co-Authors: Mukesh VermaAbstract:Biochemical, epigenetic, genetic, and imaging biomarkers are used to identify people at high risk for developing Cancer. In Cancer Epidemiology, epigenetic biomarkers offer advantages over other types of biomarkers because they are expressed against a person's genetic background and environmental exposure, and because epigenetic events occur early in Cancer development. This chapter describes epigenetic biomarkers that are being used to study the Epidemiology of different types of Cancer. Because epigenetic alterations can be reversed by chemicals and activate gene expression, epigenetic biomarkers potentially have numerous clinical applications in Cancer intervention and treatment and significant implications in public health. This review discusses Cancer biomarkers, the characteristics of an ideal biomarker for Cancer, and technologies for biomarker detection.
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Biomarkers in prostate Cancer Epidemiology.
Cancers, 2011Co-Authors: Mukesh Verma, Payal Patel, Mudit VermaAbstract:Understanding the etiology of a disease such as prostate Cancer may help in identifying populations at high risk, timely intervention of the disease, and proper treatment. Biomarkers, along with exposure history and clinical data, are useful tools to achieve these goals. Individual risk and population incidence of prostate Cancer result from the intervention of genetic susceptibility and exposure. Biochemical, epigenetic, genetic, and imaging biomarkers are used to identify people at high risk for developing prostate Cancer. In Cancer Epidemiology, epigenetic biomarkers offer advantages over other types of biomarkers because they are expressed against a person's genetic background and environmental exposure, and because abnormal events occur early in Cancer development, which includes several epigenetic alterations in Cancer cells. This article describes different biomarkers that have potential use in studying the Epidemiology of prostate Cancer. We also discuss the characteristics of an ideal biomarker for prostate Cancer, and technologies utilized for biomarker assays. Among epigenetic biomarkers, most reports indicate GSTP1 hypermethylation as the diagnostic marker for prostate Cancer; however, NKX2-5, CLSTN1, SPOCK2, SLC16A12, DPYS, and NSE1 also have been reported to be regulated by methylation mechanisms in prostate Cancer. Current challenges in utilization of biomarkers in prostate Cancer diagnosis and epidemiologic studies and potential solutions also are discussed.
Deborah M. Winn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vitamin E intake from natural sources and head and neck Cancer risk: a pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium
British journal of cancer, 2015Co-Authors: Valeria Edefonti, Mia Hashibe, Maria Parpinel, Monica Ferraroni, Federica Turati, Diego Serraino, Keitaro Matsuo, Andrew F. Olshan, Jose P. Zevallos, Deborah M. WinnAbstract:Vitamin E intake from natural sources and head and neck Cancer risk: a pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium
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Epigenetic Research in Cancer Epidemiology: Trends, Opportunities, and Challenges
Cancer epidemiology biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research cosponsored by the American Society of Pre, 2013Co-Authors: Mukesh Verma, Deborah M. Winn, Scott D. Rogers, Rao L. Divi, Sheri D. Schully, Stefanie A. Nelson, Sharon A. Ross, Susan M. Pilch, Muin J. KhouryAbstract:Epigenetics is emerging as an important field in Cancer Epidemiology that promises to provide insights into gene regulation and facilitate Cancer control throughout the Cancer care continuum. Increasingly, investigators are incorporating epigenetic analysis into the studies of etiology and outcomes. To understand current progress and trends in the inclusion of epigenetics in Cancer Epidemiology, we evaluated the published literature and the National Cancer Institute (NCI)–supported research grant awards in this field to identify trends in epigenetics research. We present a summary of the epidemiologic studies in NCI's grant portfolio (from January 2005 through December 2012) and in the scientific literature published during the same period, irrespective of support from the NCI. Blood cells and tumor tissue were the most commonly used biospecimens in these studies, although buccal cells, cervical cells, sputum, and stool samples were also used. DNA methylation profiling was the focus of the majority of studies, but several studies also measured microRNA profiles. We illustrate here the current status of epidemiologic studies that are evaluating epigenetic changes in large populations. The incorporation of epigenomic assessments in Cancer Epidemiology studies has and is likely to continue to provide important insights into the field of Cancer research. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 23(2); 223–33. ©2013 AACR .
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Cigarette, cigar, and pipe smoking and the risk of head and neck Cancers: pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium
Am J Epidemiol, 2013Co-Authors: Adrian Wyss, G. P. Yu, Deborah M. Winn, S. C. Chuang, Mia Hashibe, Renato Talamini, Y C Lee, Z F Zhang, Qing Wei, Neonila Szeszenia-dabrowskaAbstract:Cigar and pipe smoking are considered risk factors for head and neck Cancers, but the magnitude of effect estimates for these products has been imprecisely estimated. By using pooled data from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium (comprising 13,935 cases and 18,691 controls in 19 studies from 1981 to 2007), we applied hierarchical logistic regression to more precisely estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for cigarette, cigar, and pipe smoking separately, compared with reference groups of those who had never smoked each single product. Odds ratios for cigar and pipe smoking were stratified by ever cigarette smoking. We also considered effect estimates of smoking a single product exclusively versus never having smoked any product (reference group). Among never cigarette smokers, the odds ratio for ever cigar smoking was 2.54 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.93, 3.34), and the odds ratio for ever pipe smoking was 2.08 (95% CI: 1.55, 2.81). These odds ratios increased with increasing frequency and duration of smoking (Ptrend
Diego Serraino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occupations and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) Consortium
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2019Co-Authors: Prerna Khetan, Paolo Boffetta, Pagona Lagiou, Danièle Luce, Isabelle Stücker, Maria Paula Curado, Ana Menezes, Victor Wunsch-filho, Wolfgang Ahrens, Diego SerrainoAbstract:Objective: To investigate the associations between head and neck Cancer (HNC) risk and occupations.Methods: We harmonized data on occupations in a pooled analysis of 8839 HNC cases and 13,730 controls in International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for associations of occupations and HNC risk. Population attributable fraction (PAF) for occupations was calculated using the formula PEC × (OR - 1)/OR.Results: Trend of increasing HNC risk was found with increasing duration of employment for many occupations, including cooks (OR = 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09 to 1.68), cleaners (OR = 1.38; 95% CI 1.13 to 1.69), painters (OR = 1.82; 95% CI 1.42 to 2.35). The PAF for a priori occupations was 14.5% (95% CI 7.1% to 21.9%) for HNC.Conclusions: We found associations between certain occupations and HNC risks, including for subsites, with a duration-response relationship.
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Vitamin E intake from natural sources and head and neck Cancer risk: a pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium
British journal of cancer, 2015Co-Authors: Valeria Edefonti, Mia Hashibe, Maria Parpinel, Monica Ferraroni, Federica Turati, Diego Serraino, Keitaro Matsuo, Andrew F. Olshan, Jose P. Zevallos, Deborah M. WinnAbstract:Vitamin E intake from natural sources and head and neck Cancer risk: a pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology consortium
Amy Trentham-dietz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The University of Wisconsin Breast Cancer Epidemiology Simulation Model: An Update.
Medical Decision Making, 2018Co-Authors: Oguzhan Alagoz, Mehmet Ali Ergun, Mucahit Cevik, Brian L. Sprague, Dennis G. Fryback, Ronald E. Gangnon, John M. Hampton, Natasha K. Stout, Amy Trentham-dietzAbstract:The University of Wisconsin Breast Cancer Epidemiology Simulation Model (UWBCS), also referred to as Model W, is a discrete-event microsimulation model that uses a systems engineering approach to replicate breast Cancer Epidemiology in the US over time. This population-based model simulates the lifetimes of individual women through 4 main model components: breast Cancer natural history, detection, treatment, and mortality. A key feature of the UWBCS is that, in addition to specifying a population distribution in tumor growth rates, the model allows for heterogeneity in tumor behavior, with some tumors having limited malignant potential (i.e., would never become fatal in a woman's lifetime if left untreated) and some tumors being very aggressive based on metastatic spread early in their onset. The model is calibrated to Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) breast Cancer incidence and mortality data from 1975 to 2010, and cross-validated against data from the Wisconsin Cancer reporting system. The UWBCS model generates detailed outputs including underlying disease states and observed clinical outcomes by age and calendar year, as well as costs, resource usage, and quality of life associated with screening and treatment. The UWBCS has been recently updated to account for differences in breast Cancer detection, treatment, and survival by molecular subtypes (defined by ER/HER2 status), to reflect the recent advances in screening and treatment, and to consider a range of breast Cancer risk factors, including breast density, race, body-mass-index, and the use of postmenopausal hormone therapy. Therefore, the model can evaluate novel screening strategies, such as risk-based screening, and can assess breast Cancer outcomes by breast Cancer molecular subtype. In this article, we describe the most up-to-date version of the UWBCS.
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Chapter 7: The Wisconsin Breast Cancer Epidemiology Simulation Model
Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs, 2006Co-Authors: Dennis G. Fryback, Natasha K. Stout, Amy Trentham-dietz, Marjorie A. Rosenberg, Vipat Kuruchittham, Patrick L. RemingtonAbstract:The Wisconsin Breast Cancer Epidemiology Simulation Model is a discrete-event, stochastic simulation model using a systems-science modeling approach to replicate breast Cancer incidence and mortality in the U.S. population from 1975 to 2000. Four interacting processes are modeled over time: (1) natural history of breast Cancer, (2) breast Cancer detection, (3) breast Cancer treatment, and (4) competing cause mortality. These components form a complex interacting system simulating the lives of 2.95 million women (approximately 1/50 the U.S. population) from 1950 to 2000 in 6-month cycles. After a "burn in" of 25 years to stabilize prevalent occult Cancers, the model outputs age-specific incidence rates by stage and age-specific mortality rates from 1975 to 2000. The model simulates occult as well as detected disease at the individual level and can be used to address "What if?" questions about effectiveness of screening and treatment protocols, as well as to estimate benefits to women of specific ages and screening histories.
