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Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Eco-Epidemiological Profile and Molecular Characterization of Simian Foamy Virus in a Recently-Captured Invasive Population of Leontopithecus Chrysomelas (Golden-Headed Lion Tamarin) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Viruses, 2019Co-Authors: Thamiris S. Miranda, Alcides Pissinatti, Marina Galvão Bueno, Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, José Luiz Catão-dias, Cláudia P. Muniz, Silvia Bahadian Moreira, Camila V. Molina, Marcelo A. Soares, André F. SantosAbstract:Simian foamy viruses (SFV) infect a wide range of Old World and Neotropical primates (NP). Unlike Old World primates, little is known about the diversity and prevalence of SFV in NP, mainly from a free-living population. Phylogenetic analyses have shown that SFV coevolved with their hosts. However, viral strains infecting Leontopithecus Chrysomelas did not behave as expected for this hypothesis. The purpose of this study was to determine the eco-epidemiological profile and molecular characterization of SFV in a recently captured invasive population of L. Chrysomelas located in Niteroi/RJ using buccal swab as an alternative collection method. A prevalence of 34.8% (32/92) and a mean viral load of 4.7 log copies of SFV/106 cells were observed. With respect to time since capture, SFV prevalence was significantly higher in the group of animals sampled over 6 months after capture (55.2%) than in those more recently captured (25.4%) (p = 0.005). Infected solitary animals can contribute to SFV transmission between different groups in the population. SFV strains formed two distinct clades within the SFV infecting the Cebidae family. This is the first study to use buccal swabs as a tool to study SFV diversity and prevalence in a recently free-living NP population upon recent capture.
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Negative serosurvey of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in Golden-headed Lion Tamarin (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) from Niterói/RJ, Brazil.
Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia , 2016Co-Authors: Camila V. Molina, Alcides Pissinatti, Marina Galvão Bueno, Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, Felipe Da Silva Krawczak, Herbert Sousa Soares, Solange Maria Genari, Tiago Ferreira Da Silva, Danilo Gomes De Freitas, Larissa Cristinne CaneliAbstract:New World Nonhuman Primates are highly susceptible to clinical toxoplasmosis. Serum samples from 126 recently captured Leontopithecus Chrysomelas, from an exotic and invasive population, were tested for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies by the modified agglutination test (MAT, cut-off 1:25); all were seronegative. The MAT is highly specific and is not species-specific. This is the first report of T. gondii survey in this tamarin in the wild. This result is consistent with prior reports that showed the high susceptibility of the species to infection by T. gondii usually with high mortality rates.
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Survey of Plasmodium in the golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) living in urban Atlantic forest in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Malaria journal, 2016Co-Authors: Elizabeth H. Aitken, Alcides Pissinatti, Marina Galvão Bueno, Luana Dos Santos Ortolan, José Maria Alvarez, Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, José Luiz Catão-dias, Sabrina EpiphanioAbstract:Communicating the presence of potential zoonotic pathogens such as Plasmodium spp. in wild animals is important for developing both animal and human health policies. The translocation of an exotic and invasive population of Leontopithecus Chrysomelas (golden-headed lion tamarins) required the screening of these animals for specific pathogens. This studies objective was to investigate Plasmodium spp. infection in the L. Chrysomelas, both to know its prevalence in these animals in the local area and to minimize the risk of pathogens being translocated to the destination site. To investigate Plasmodium spp. infection, blood samples from 268 animals were assessed for the presence of Plasmodium spp. by genus-specific PCR and stained thick and thin blood smears were examined by light microscopy. Data of human malaria infection in the studied region was also assembled from SINAN (Diseases Information System Notification—Ministry of Health of Brazil). Results from the PCR and microscopy were all negative and suggested that no L. Chrysomelas was infected with Plasmodium spp. Analysis of SINAN data showed that malaria transmission is present among the human population in the studied region. This study is the first to provide information on Plasmodium spp. infection in L. Chrysomelas. Plasmodium spp. infection of this species is rare or absent though malaria parasites circulate in the region. In addition, there is minimal risk of translocating Plasmodium spp. infected animals to the destination site.
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Survey of Plasmodium in the golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) living in urban Atlantic forest in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Malaria Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Elizabeth H. Aitken, Alcides Pissinatti, Marina Galvão Bueno, José Maria Alvarez, Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, José Luiz Catão-dias, Luana Santos Ortolan, Sabrina EpiphanioAbstract:Background Communicating the presence of potential zoonotic pathogens such as Plasmodium spp. in wild animals is important for developing both animal and human health policies. Methods The translocation of an exotic and invasive population of Leontopithecus Chrysomelas (golden-headed lion tamarins) required the screening of these animals for specific pathogens. This studies objective was to investigate Plasmodium spp. infection in the L. Chrysomelas , both to know its prevalence in these animals in the local area and to minimize the risk of pathogens being translocated to the destination site. To investigate Plasmodium spp. infection, blood samples from 268 animals were assessed for the presence of Plasmodium spp. by genus-specific PCR and stained thick and thin blood smears were examined by light microscopy. Data of human malaria infection in the studied region was also assembled from SINAN (Diseases Information System Notification—Ministry of Health of Brazil). Results Results from the PCR and microscopy were all negative and suggested that no L. Chrysomelas was infected with Plasmodium spp. Analysis of SINAN data showed that malaria transmission is present among the human population in the studied region. Conclusions This study is the first to provide information on Plasmodium spp. infection in L. Chrysomelas. Plasmodium spp. infection of this species is rare or absent though malaria parasites circulate in the region. In addition, there is minimal risk of translocating Plasmodium spp. infected animals to the destination site.
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Evaluating Landscape Suitability for Golden-Headed Lion Tamarins (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) and Wied's Black Tufted-Ear Marmosets (Callithrix Kuhlii) in the Bahian Atlantic Forest
Tropical Conservation Science, 2016Co-Authors: Cylita Guy, Leonardo G Neves, Sara L Zeigler, Leonardo C. Oliveira, Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, Camila Righetto Cassano, Leticia Cazarre, Bruno Marchena Romão Tardio, Becky E RaboyAbstract:In southern Bahia, Brazil, rapid deforestation of the Atlantic Forest threatens a variety of endemic wildlife, including the Endangered golden-headed lion tamarin (GHLT; Leontopithecus Chrysomelas)...
Mauro Daccordi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Case 3760 – Chrysomela tenebricosa Fabricius, 1775 (currently Timarcha tenebricosa; Insecta, Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae): proposed precedence of the specific name over Tenebrio laevigatus Linnaeus, 1767
The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 2018Co-Authors: José Miguel Vela, Miguel A. Alonso-zarazaga, Mauro DaccordiAbstract:Abstract. The purpose of this application, under Article 23.9.3 of the Code, is to conserve the specific name Chrysomela tenebricosa Fabricius, 1775 for a common and widespread species of European bloody-nosed beetle in the genus Timarcha (Chrysomelidae) by giving it precedence over the misinterpreted and unused senior synonym Tenebrio laevigatus Linnaeus, 1767.
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case 3760 Chrysomela tenebricosa fabricius 1775 currently timarcha tenebricosa insecta coleoptera chrysomelidae proposed precedence of the specific name over tenebrio laevigatus linnaeus 1767
The Bulletin of zoological nomenclature, 2018Co-Authors: José Miguel Vela, Miguel A Alonsozarazaga, Mauro DaccordiAbstract:Abstract. The purpose of this application, under Article 23.9.3 of the Code, is to conserve the specific name Chrysomela tenebricosa Fabricius, 1775 for a common and widespread species of European bloody-nosed beetle in the genus Timarcha (Chrysomelidae) by giving it precedence over the misinterpreted and unused senior synonym Tenebrio laevigatus Linnaeus, 1767.
Becky E Raboy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Population Genetic Structure of an Endangered Endemic Primate (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) in a Highly Fragmented Atlantic Coastal Rain Forest.
Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology, 2018Co-Authors: Andreia Magro Moraes, Becky E Raboy, Leonardo C. Oliveira, Adriana D. Grativol, Kristel M. De Vleeschouwer, Carlos R. Ruiz-miranda, James M. Dietz, Peter H.a. GalbuseraAbstract:This study evaluated the genetic structure of wild populations of the endangered primate, Leontopithecus Chrysomelas. We tested the assumption that populations of L. Chrysomelas, given their larger population size and a higher degree of habitat continuity, would have higher genetic diversity and less genetic structuring than other lion tamarins. We used 11 microsatellites and 122 hair samples from different locations to assess their genetic diversity and genetic structure, and to make inferences about the isolation by distance. The overall expected heterozygosity (0.51 ± 0.03) and the average number of alleles (3.6 ± 0.2) were relatively low, as is the case in other endangered lion tamarins. Genetic clustering analyses indicated two main clusters, whereas the statistical analyses based on genotype similarities and Fst suggested further substructure. A Mantel test showed that only 34% of this genetic differentiation was explained by the linear distance. In addition to linear distance, structural differences in the landscape, physical barriers and behavioural factors may be causing significant genetic structuring. Overall, this study suggests that these populations have a relatively low genetic diversity and a relatively high population genetic structure, putting in question whether the presence of agroforest systems (known locally as cabruca) is enough to fully re-establish functional landscape connectivity.
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Evaluating Landscape Suitability for Golden-Headed Lion Tamarins (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) and Wied's Black Tufted-Ear Marmosets (Callithrix Kuhlii) in the Bahian Atlantic Forest
Tropical Conservation Science, 2016Co-Authors: Cylita Guy, Leonardo G Neves, Sara L Zeigler, Leonardo C. Oliveira, Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, Camila Righetto Cassano, Leticia Cazarre, Bruno Marchena Romão Tardio, Becky E RaboyAbstract:In southern Bahia, Brazil, rapid deforestation of the Atlantic Forest threatens a variety of endemic wildlife, including the Endangered golden-headed lion tamarin (GHLT; Leontopithecus Chrysomelas)...
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Occurrences of the Golden-Headed Lion Tamarin (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) Above 500 Meters in Southern Bahia, Brazil and Implications for Conservation Planning
Primate Conservation, 2013Co-Authors: Becky E Raboy, Leonardo G Neves, Sara L Zeigler, Leonardo C. OliveiraAbstract:The golden-headed lion tamarin, Leontopithecus Chrysomelas, was formerly thought to range below 300–400 m above sea level, because of changes in forest physiognomy and lack of resources at higher elevations. We document four cases (from two studies) of L. Chrysomelas ranging above 500 m, and investigate the behavior of two groups that ranged from 100 to 700 m. We discuss the possibilities that 1) resources may be more abundant at higher elevations than previously thought, 2) a shift may have occurred in the species elevation-use patterns in response to forest loss and degradation at lower elevations, and that 3) golden-headed lion tamarins require low elevations for access to resources but use higher altitudes to travel between lower lying areas. Understanding exactly how L. Chrysomelas uses higher elevations and the limits of its upper ranging patterns has significant conservation implications for this endangered species. Even without being able to definitively ascertain that golden-headed lion tamarins are able to settle in stable home ranges at higher elevations with adequate resources for breeding and survival, they certainly move through these habitats. We suggest, therefore, that slopes and ridge-tops should be taken into account as corridors to be preserved for gene flow in the otherwise highly fragmented L. Chrysomelas metapopulation.
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Frugivory patterns and seed dispersal by golden-headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) in Una Biological Reserve, Bahia, Brazil
mammalia, 2011Co-Authors: Nayara A. Cardoso, Yvonnick Le Pendu, Marina J. Lapenta, Becky E RaboyAbstract:This study identified fruit species eaten by Leontopithecus Chrysomelas (golden-headed lion tamarins; GHLTs) and related their consumption to seed dispersal. Two GHLT groups were monitored from September 2006 through August 2007 in Una Biological Reserve, Bahia, Brazil. GHLTs consumed fruit from 71 species, preferred mature fruit and swallowed the seeds of most species (76.8%). Smaller seeds were swallowed and larger seeds were generally discarded. GHLTs defecated in low quantities and more than 50% of the faeces contained seeds from only one species. Most faeces were deposited far from the parental tree (>20m) and only 24.2% under the parental tree. The defecation pattern of L. Chrysomelas could reduce competition between seeds and facilitate the establishment of seedlings from the most consumed species. Faeces were deposited widely throughout home ranges and away from a seed's parental tree increasing the chances that seeds reach favourable environments and avoid competition with other seedlings. Additionally, defecations also occurred in the same habitat type as a seed's parental tree, keeping species within their typical habitat. GHLTs in Una Biological Reserve were efficient dispersers and might play an important role in the maintenance of floristic composition and regeneration of habitat.
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strength of habitat and landscape metrics in predicting golden headed lion tamarin presence or absence in forest patches in southern bahia brazil
Biotropica, 2010Co-Authors: Becky E Raboy, Leonardo G Neves, Sara L Zeigler, Nicholas A Saraiva, Nayara Cardoso, Gabriel Rodrigues Dos Santos, Jonathan D Ballou, Peter LeimgruberAbstract:We investigated the effects of forest fragmentation on golden-headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) by qualitatively and quantitatively characterizing the landscape throughout the species range, conducting surveys, and exploring predictive models of presence and absence. We identified 784 forest patches that varied in size, shape, core area, habitat composition, elevation, and distance to neighboring patches and towns. We conducted 284 interviews with local residents and 133 playback experiments in 98 patches. Results indicated a reduction in the western portions of the former species range. We tested whether L. Chrysomelas presence or absence was related to the aforementioned fragmentation indices using Monte Carlo logistic regression techniques. The analysis yielded a majority of iterations with a one-term final model of which Core Area Index (percent of total area that is core) was the only significant type. Model concordance ranged between 65 and 90 percent. Area was highlighted for its potential predictive ability. Althoughfinal models for area lacked significance, their failure to reach significance wasmarginal and we discuss potential confounding factors weakening the term’s predictive ability. We conclude that lower Core Area Index scores are useful indicators of forest patches at risk for not supporting L. Chrysomelas. Taken together, our analyses of the landscape, survey results, and logistic regression modeling indicated that the L. Chrysomelas metapopulation is facing substantial threat. The limited vagility of lion tamarins in nonforest matrix may lead to increasingly smaller and inbred populations subject to significant impact from edge effects and small population size. Local extinction is imminent in many forest patches in the L. Chrysomelas range.
Alcides Pissinatti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Eco-Epidemiological Profile and Molecular Characterization of Simian Foamy Virus in a Recently-Captured Invasive Population of Leontopithecus Chrysomelas (Golden-Headed Lion Tamarin) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Viruses, 2019Co-Authors: Thamiris S. Miranda, Alcides Pissinatti, Marina Galvão Bueno, Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, José Luiz Catão-dias, Cláudia P. Muniz, Silvia Bahadian Moreira, Camila V. Molina, Marcelo A. Soares, André F. SantosAbstract:Simian foamy viruses (SFV) infect a wide range of Old World and Neotropical primates (NP). Unlike Old World primates, little is known about the diversity and prevalence of SFV in NP, mainly from a free-living population. Phylogenetic analyses have shown that SFV coevolved with their hosts. However, viral strains infecting Leontopithecus Chrysomelas did not behave as expected for this hypothesis. The purpose of this study was to determine the eco-epidemiological profile and molecular characterization of SFV in a recently captured invasive population of L. Chrysomelas located in Niteroi/RJ using buccal swab as an alternative collection method. A prevalence of 34.8% (32/92) and a mean viral load of 4.7 log copies of SFV/106 cells were observed. With respect to time since capture, SFV prevalence was significantly higher in the group of animals sampled over 6 months after capture (55.2%) than in those more recently captured (25.4%) (p = 0.005). Infected solitary animals can contribute to SFV transmission between different groups in the population. SFV strains formed two distinct clades within the SFV infecting the Cebidae family. This is the first study to use buccal swabs as a tool to study SFV diversity and prevalence in a recently free-living NP population upon recent capture.
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Negative serosurvey of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in Golden-headed Lion Tamarin (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) from Niterói/RJ, Brazil.
Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia , 2016Co-Authors: Camila V. Molina, Alcides Pissinatti, Marina Galvão Bueno, Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, Felipe Da Silva Krawczak, Herbert Sousa Soares, Solange Maria Genari, Tiago Ferreira Da Silva, Danilo Gomes De Freitas, Larissa Cristinne CaneliAbstract:New World Nonhuman Primates are highly susceptible to clinical toxoplasmosis. Serum samples from 126 recently captured Leontopithecus Chrysomelas, from an exotic and invasive population, were tested for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies by the modified agglutination test (MAT, cut-off 1:25); all were seronegative. The MAT is highly specific and is not species-specific. This is the first report of T. gondii survey in this tamarin in the wild. This result is consistent with prior reports that showed the high susceptibility of the species to infection by T. gondii usually with high mortality rates.
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Survey of Plasmodium in the golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) living in urban Atlantic forest in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Malaria Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Elizabeth H. Aitken, Alcides Pissinatti, Marina Galvão Bueno, José Maria Alvarez, Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, José Luiz Catão-dias, Luana Santos Ortolan, Sabrina EpiphanioAbstract:Background Communicating the presence of potential zoonotic pathogens such as Plasmodium spp. in wild animals is important for developing both animal and human health policies. Methods The translocation of an exotic and invasive population of Leontopithecus Chrysomelas (golden-headed lion tamarins) required the screening of these animals for specific pathogens. This studies objective was to investigate Plasmodium spp. infection in the L. Chrysomelas , both to know its prevalence in these animals in the local area and to minimize the risk of pathogens being translocated to the destination site. To investigate Plasmodium spp. infection, blood samples from 268 animals were assessed for the presence of Plasmodium spp. by genus-specific PCR and stained thick and thin blood smears were examined by light microscopy. Data of human malaria infection in the studied region was also assembled from SINAN (Diseases Information System Notification—Ministry of Health of Brazil). Results Results from the PCR and microscopy were all negative and suggested that no L. Chrysomelas was infected with Plasmodium spp. Analysis of SINAN data showed that malaria transmission is present among the human population in the studied region. Conclusions This study is the first to provide information on Plasmodium spp. infection in L. Chrysomelas. Plasmodium spp. infection of this species is rare or absent though malaria parasites circulate in the region. In addition, there is minimal risk of translocating Plasmodium spp. infected animals to the destination site.
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Survey of Plasmodium in the golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) living in urban Atlantic forest in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Malaria journal, 2016Co-Authors: Elizabeth H. Aitken, Alcides Pissinatti, Marina Galvão Bueno, Luana Dos Santos Ortolan, José Maria Alvarez, Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, José Luiz Catão-dias, Sabrina EpiphanioAbstract:Communicating the presence of potential zoonotic pathogens such as Plasmodium spp. in wild animals is important for developing both animal and human health policies. The translocation of an exotic and invasive population of Leontopithecus Chrysomelas (golden-headed lion tamarins) required the screening of these animals for specific pathogens. This studies objective was to investigate Plasmodium spp. infection in the L. Chrysomelas, both to know its prevalence in these animals in the local area and to minimize the risk of pathogens being translocated to the destination site. To investigate Plasmodium spp. infection, blood samples from 268 animals were assessed for the presence of Plasmodium spp. by genus-specific PCR and stained thick and thin blood smears were examined by light microscopy. Data of human malaria infection in the studied region was also assembled from SINAN (Diseases Information System Notification—Ministry of Health of Brazil). Results from the PCR and microscopy were all negative and suggested that no L. Chrysomelas was infected with Plasmodium spp. Analysis of SINAN data showed that malaria transmission is present among the human population in the studied region. This study is the first to provide information on Plasmodium spp. infection in L. Chrysomelas. Plasmodium spp. infection of this species is rare or absent though malaria parasites circulate in the region. In addition, there is minimal risk of translocating Plasmodium spp. infected animals to the destination site.
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Craniometric sexual dimorphism inLeontopithecus Lesson, 1840 (Callitrichidae, Primates)
Primates, 1997Co-Authors: Carlos Henrique Freitas Burity, Carlos Alberto Mandarim-de-lacerda, Alcides PissinattiAbstract:Lion tamarins are among the World's most critically endangered primates. Many studies have been produced under guidance of the International Management Committees for the preservation and management of these tamarins. Primates present morphological sexual differences in a wide range of characteristics, including cranial morphology. Studies of sexual dimorphism in the cranial morphology of the Leontopithecus are few in number and contradictory in their results. In order to check for the existence of sexual dimorphism in lion tamarins the present study analyzed 17 craniometric distances on 56 crania of three species of lion tamarins ( Leontopithecus ): 20 L. rosalia (14 females and 6 males); 13 L. Chrysomelas (6 females and 7 males); and 23 L. chrysopygus (8 females and 15 males). All crania are housed in the CPRJ-FEEMA collection (Primatological Center of Rio de Janeiro) and came from animals born in captivity. L. chrysopygus was more sexually dimorphic (10/17 measurements, 59%) than L. Chrysomelas (9/17 measurements, 53%) or L. rosalia (7/17 measurements, 41%). In all three species, male values are greater than the female ones, except for orbital breadth (m7) in L. rosalia . However, this distance is not sexually dimorphic in this species. This study reveals that some cranial distances, especially in the facial region, are sexually dimorphic in lion tamarins.
Sabrina Epiphanio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Survey of Plasmodium in the golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) living in urban Atlantic forest in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Malaria journal, 2016Co-Authors: Elizabeth H. Aitken, Alcides Pissinatti, Marina Galvão Bueno, Luana Dos Santos Ortolan, José Maria Alvarez, Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, José Luiz Catão-dias, Sabrina EpiphanioAbstract:Communicating the presence of potential zoonotic pathogens such as Plasmodium spp. in wild animals is important for developing both animal and human health policies. The translocation of an exotic and invasive population of Leontopithecus Chrysomelas (golden-headed lion tamarins) required the screening of these animals for specific pathogens. This studies objective was to investigate Plasmodium spp. infection in the L. Chrysomelas, both to know its prevalence in these animals in the local area and to minimize the risk of pathogens being translocated to the destination site. To investigate Plasmodium spp. infection, blood samples from 268 animals were assessed for the presence of Plasmodium spp. by genus-specific PCR and stained thick and thin blood smears were examined by light microscopy. Data of human malaria infection in the studied region was also assembled from SINAN (Diseases Information System Notification—Ministry of Health of Brazil). Results from the PCR and microscopy were all negative and suggested that no L. Chrysomelas was infected with Plasmodium spp. Analysis of SINAN data showed that malaria transmission is present among the human population in the studied region. This study is the first to provide information on Plasmodium spp. infection in L. Chrysomelas. Plasmodium spp. infection of this species is rare or absent though malaria parasites circulate in the region. In addition, there is minimal risk of translocating Plasmodium spp. infected animals to the destination site.
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Survey of Plasmodium in the golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus Chrysomelas) living in urban Atlantic forest in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Malaria Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Elizabeth H. Aitken, Alcides Pissinatti, Marina Galvão Bueno, José Maria Alvarez, Maria Cecília Martins Kierulff, José Luiz Catão-dias, Luana Santos Ortolan, Sabrina EpiphanioAbstract:Background Communicating the presence of potential zoonotic pathogens such as Plasmodium spp. in wild animals is important for developing both animal and human health policies. Methods The translocation of an exotic and invasive population of Leontopithecus Chrysomelas (golden-headed lion tamarins) required the screening of these animals for specific pathogens. This studies objective was to investigate Plasmodium spp. infection in the L. Chrysomelas , both to know its prevalence in these animals in the local area and to minimize the risk of pathogens being translocated to the destination site. To investigate Plasmodium spp. infection, blood samples from 268 animals were assessed for the presence of Plasmodium spp. by genus-specific PCR and stained thick and thin blood smears were examined by light microscopy. Data of human malaria infection in the studied region was also assembled from SINAN (Diseases Information System Notification—Ministry of Health of Brazil). Results Results from the PCR and microscopy were all negative and suggested that no L. Chrysomelas was infected with Plasmodium spp. Analysis of SINAN data showed that malaria transmission is present among the human population in the studied region. Conclusions This study is the first to provide information on Plasmodium spp. infection in L. Chrysomelas. Plasmodium spp. infection of this species is rare or absent though malaria parasites circulate in the region. In addition, there is minimal risk of translocating Plasmodium spp. infected animals to the destination site.
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TOXOPLASMOSIS IN GOLDEN-HEADED LION TAMARINS (LEONTOPITHECUS ChrysomelaS) AND EMPEROR MARMOSETS (SAGUINUS IMPERATOR) IN CAPTIVITY
Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine : official publication of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, 2000Co-Authors: Sabrina Epiphanio, Marcelo Alcindo De Barros Vaz Guimarães, Daniel L. Fedullo, Sandra Helena Ramiro Corrêa, José Luiz Catão-diasAbstract:From 1991 to 1995, eight New World nonhuman primates of the family Callitrichidae belonging to the collection of Fundacao Parque Zoologico de Sao Paulo died of toxoplasmosis. Of the eight affected nonhuman primates, four were Leontopithecus Chrysomelas (one male, three females) and four were Saguinus imperator (two males, two females). The most commonly affected organs were the lungs, liver, and lymph nodes, with hemorrhagic and necrotic lesions. Histopathologic examination revealed protozoa that were morphologically consistent with Toxoplasma gondii. Immunohistochemical assays were strongly positive for T. gondii.