The Experts below are selected from a list of 285 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marjorie Montague - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of cognitive and metacognitive strategy instruction on the mathematical problem solving of middle school students with learning disabilities
Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1992Co-Authors: Marjorie MontagueAbstract:This study investigated the effects of cognitive and metacognitive strategy instruction on the mathematical problem solving of six middle school students with learning disabilities. Conditions of the multiple baseline, across-subjects design included baseline, two levels of treatment, setting and temporal generalization, and retraining. For Treatment 1, subjects received either cognitive or metacognitive strategy instruction. Treatment 2 consisted of instruction in the complementary component of the instructional program so that all subjects eventually received both cognitive and metacognitive strategy instruction. This design allowed a Componential Analysis of the content as well as sequence of instruction. Generally, subjects improved their mathematical problem solving as measured by performance on one-, two-, and three-step word problems. Discussion focused on effectiveness of treatment, acquisition and application of strategic knowledge, error pattern Analysis, and the need to tailor instruction to the learner's individual characteristics.
Vladimir Pericliev - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Machine Componential Analysis of Bulgarian kinship terminology and more on the problem of multiple solutions
Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, 2015Co-Authors: Vladimir PericlievAbstract:Machine Componential Analysis of Bulgarian kinship terminology and more on the problem of multiple solutions The Bulgarian kin terms of reference and address are subjected to Componential Analysis, using the sophisticated computer program KINSHIP. It is shown that an unconstrained and separate Analysis of the two sets of terms yields an astronomical number of alternative Componential models for each, threatening to compromise the Componential method as a whole. However, after combining the set of reference and the set of address terms into a unitary kin term domain and applying the program to this new enlarged data set, further employing appropriate simplicity criteria on overall features (=dimensions) and components of kin term definitions, yields a unique Componential model. This result is evaluated in the context of a famous debate on the problems of multiple solutions of kinship systems. It is concluded that Componential Analysis properly used is an indispensable tool for revealing the structuring of semantic domains.
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Componential Analysis of kin terms some problems and their solutions
Journal of Universal Language, 2014Co-Authors: Vladimir PericlievAbstract:Componential Analysis of kinship vocabulary has a long tradition, but a look at the practicing of the method reveals two basic problems. The first pertains to ensuring “consistent” kin term definitions (i.e., definitions with necessary and sufficient components), and the second to the discovery and handling of multiple solutions to kinship systems. The paper introduces a computer program implemented to handle these two problems, and in general, designed to study kinship vocabulary. The program guarantees consistent Componential models and the discovery of all alternative models, as well as introduces simplicity constraints to reduce the usually huge number of alternatives to a unique or just a couple of models. We illustrate the problems with examples from the literature and apply the program to a complex kinship vocabulary (Serbo-Croatian) to show its operation.
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problems of Componential Analysis
2013Co-Authors: Vladimir PericlievAbstract:A critical evaluation of the literature on Componential Analysis of kinship terminology reveals two common basic problems. Analysts have either failed to provide ‘consistent’ Componential models (i.e. models defining kin terms by necessary and sufficient features) or have failed to list all Componential models of specific data sets. The first problem has generally remained unnoticed, while the second was emphasized by Robbins Burling and attracted considerable attention in the literature, but without any feasible solutions proposed to solve it. This chapter discusses these two problems in detail and provides illustrations of the problems from the literature. Inconsistency, for example, is illustrated in several published models of English as well as in the Analysis of Burmese. These proposals are shown either to fail to demarcate some kin terms or use redundant features or both. Redundancy is identified as a particularly acute problem and the logic and psychological reasons for its occurrence are briefly discussed. The problem of multiple solutions is illustrated with Bulgarian, showing that the alternative models, even when using a fixed number of dimensions, generate astronomical numbers. These numbers become even greater if redundant models are accepted. Both the problem of inconsistency and that of the failure to list all multiple solutions actually stem from the computational complexity of the task of Componential Analysis, forcing the conclusion that the task requires automation.
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COLING-ACL - A Procedure for Multi-Class Discrimination and some Linguistic Applications
Proceedings of the 36th annual meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics -, 1998Co-Authors: Vladimir Pericliev, Raúl E. Valdés-pérezAbstract:The paper describes a novel computational tool for multiple concept learning. Unlike previous approaches, whose major goal is prediction on unseen instances rather than the legibility of the output, our MPD (Maximally Parsimonious Discrimination) program emphasizes the conciseness and intelligibility of the resultant class descriptions, using three intuitive simplicity criteria to this end. We illustrate MPD with applications in Componential Analysis (in lexicology and phonology), language typology, and speech pathology.
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Automatic Componential Analysis of kinship semantics with a proposed structural solution to the problem of multiple models
Anthropological Linguistics, 1998Co-Authors: Vladimir Pericliev, Raúl E. Valdés-pérezAbstract:The article describes a computer program, called KINSHIP, that performs Componential Analysis of kinship terminologies. KINSHIP can produce the guaranteed-simplest analyses, employing a minimum number of features (dimensions) and components in kin term definitions. We give special attention to the problem of multiplicity of Componential models, arising from alternative simplest kin term definitions, conforming to one feature set. Two intuitive structural constraints are proposed, reducing the immense number of solutions usually obtained, employing only the previous two simplicity restrictions, to one or a few analyses. Illustrative examples are given in which KINSHIP is applied to kinship systems of the Eskimo (Bulgarian, American English) and Sudanese (Turkish) structural types. For the American (Yankee) system, as described by Goodenough, KINSHIP has discovered the most parsimonious Analysis known to us. KINSHIP, with its capabilities to produce all alternative Componential analyses-not only the simplest ones-can also be a practical aid to analysts having concerns other than the parsimony of models.
Nancy L Hutchinson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the challenges of Componential Analysis cognitive and metacognitive instruction in mathematical problem solving
Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1992Co-Authors: Nancy L HutchinsonAbstract:Recent research demonstrates the effectiveness of process instruction in academic domains for children and adolescents with learning disabilities. The articles in this series attest to the gains that have been made by using cognitive process-based instruction to teach for acquisition, maintenance, and generalization of knowledge essential to success in the classroom. However, many of these studies use individual instruction, and, while they are effective, they could not be described as efficient.
Carolina Lara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Words translated in sentence contexts produce repetition priming in visual word comprehension and spoken word production.
Memory & cognition, 2014Co-Authors: Wendy S. Francis, Alejandra Camacho, Carolina LaraAbstract:Previous research with words read in context at encoding showed little if any long-term repetition priming. In Experiment 1, 96 Spanish-English bilinguals translated words in isolation or in sentence contexts at encoding. At test, they translated words or named pictures corresponding to words produced at encoding and control words not previously presented. Repetition priming was reliable in all conditions, but priming effects were generally smaller for contextualized than for isolated words. Repetition priming in picture naming indicated priming from production in context. A Componential Analysis indicated priming from comprehension in context, but only in the less fluent language. Experiment 2 was a replication of Experiment 1 with auditory presentation of the words and sentences to be translated. Repetition priming was reliable in all conditions, but priming effects were again smaller for contextualized than for isolated words. Priming in picture naming indicated priming from production in context, but the Componential Analysis indicated no detectable priming for auditory comprehension. The results of the two experiments taken together suggest that repetition priming reflects the long-term learning that occurs with comprehension and production exposures to words in the context of natural language.
Melissa J. Guynn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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age related deficits in prospective memory the influence of task complexity
Psychology and Aging, 1992Co-Authors: Gilles O. Einstein, Mark A. Mcdaniel, Lindsay J Holland, Melissa J. GuynnAbstract:Younger and older subjects were asked to perform an action whenever target words occurred during a short-term memory task. The difficulty of this prospective memory task was manipulated by varying the delay preceding the occurrence of a target event and by varying the number of different target events. Age-related performance differences emerged when there were several different target events but not when there was one target event presented several times. Age-related performance differences, when they occurred, were associated with poorer retrospective memory for the target events. The results were interpreted in terms of a Componential Analysis of prospective memory, which assumes both similarities and differences between prospective and retrospective memory.