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Tong J. Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Involvement of apoptosis during Deciduomal regression in pseudopregnant hamsters effect of progesterone.
Life sciences, 2001Co-Authors: Joyce C. Chen, Jen-hsou Lin, Guey Mei Jow, Ying-i Peng, Yuan-feen Tsai, Tong J. ChenAbstract:We determined whether fragmentation of genomic DNA, apoptosis, occurs during Deciduomal regression in pseudopregnant hamsters and the effect of progesterone on the apoptotic processes. Artificially induced Deciduoma were obtained on different days of pseudopregnancy and separated into mesometrial and antimesometrial tissues. The Deciduomal cell cycle progression and population profiles of both sides were compared by flow cytometry. The proportion of sub-G1 peak, which was correlated with the apoptotic cells, were about 10% on day 8 and reached to 40% in both tissues on day 10. Exogenous progesterone treatment by daily injection (2 mg; s.c.) on and after day 8 reduced the percentage of low molecular weight DNA in both tissues on day 10 and day 12 as compared to the nontreated control one, respectively. The appearance of DNA ladder was also delayed at least 24 h by progesterone administration. The intensity of DNA fragmentation was more pronounced in antimesometrial Deciduoma. In situ 3'-end labeling of apoptotic cells further substantiated the apoptotic process. The apoptotic cells first appeared in the luminal region in antimesometrial Deciduoma on day 8 and spreaded all over the entire Deciduomal tissue on day 10. Progesterone treatment stimulated Deciduomal proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, maintained Deciduoma until day 14 and retarded the differentiation and regeneration of the uterine epithelium.
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Changes of progesterone receptors in mesometrial and antimesometrial Deciduoma after removal of fetus or placenta in unilateral pregnant hamster.
Life sciences, 1994Co-Authors: Guey Mei Jow, Tong J. ChenAbstract:The effects of fetuses or placentas (with fetuses) removal on progesterone receptors (PR) in Deciduomal tissues were investigated in unilateral pregnant (ULP) hamsters. Deciduomal reactions in response to artificial stimuli were induced on the tube-ligated uterine horns of ULP hamsters. Fetuses or placentas (with fetuses) were removed on day 8 of ULP, and the cytosolic and nuclear PR (cPR, and nPR, respectively) levels in Deciduomal tissues at mesometrial (MS) and antimesometrial (AMS) sites were separately studied on day 10 and 12 of ULP. In the sham control group, cPR at the MS decreased with time, but at a slower rate than that at the AMS. The MS Deciduoma contained higher cPR than the AMS Deciduoma on day 12. Removal of fetuses did not cause any significant change of the decline rate, and the PR levels were similar to that of the control. The nPR at the MS and AMS also declined with time in all three groups. Removal of placentas induced drastic losses of cPR and nPR at the MS and AMS on day 10 and 12. Supplement of progesterone (P; 2 mg/animal/day) to the placenta-removed group restored the cPR somewhat at the MS site, but not back to the level of the control. The effect of P to restore nPR levels could be observed at the MS and AMS on day 10, but only at the MS on day 12. These data suggest that placental factor(s) other than P may play an important role on the maintenance of PR in Deciduoma. Other cellular mechanisms may exist at the MS and AMS sites for the heterogeneous responses.
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Progesterone regulation of progesterone receptor in mesometrial and antimesometrial Deciduoma in pseudopregnant hamster.
Life sciences, 1992Co-Authors: Guey Mei Jow, Tong J. ChenAbstract:Abstract Experiments were performed to examine the thropic effects of progesterone (P) on the progesterone receptor (PR) and the maintenance of the Deciduoma. Deciduomal reactions in response to artificial stimuli were induced in hamsters' uteri on the 4th (D 4 ) day of pseudopregnancy (PSP). On and after the 8th day, PSP hamsters received P supplement (2mg; s.c.) daily. Histological observation revealed that the life span of the Deciduoma was partially prolonged. The maintenance and regression of the Deciduoma was heterogeneous. P was able to maintain the morphology of the cells at the mesometrial site (MS) on D 12 , whereas cells at the antimesometrial site (AMS) regressed. The cytosol progesterone receptor (cPR) concentration in cells of the MS was higher than that of the AMS on D 10 . The cPR in MS and AMS decreased drastically on D 12 . The nuclear PR (nPR) remained at a higher concentration in both tissues on D 10 followed by a precipitous decrease. The Deciduomal nPR in the AMS decreased at a faster rate. By day 12, the nPR in the MS was much higher than that in the AMS. These data show that P acts as a trophic hormone of the Deciduoma. The maintenance of Deciduoma is closely related to the presence of PR. Other mechanisms may exist for the heterogeneous responses observed at the MS and AMS.
Guey Mei Jow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Involvement of apoptosis during Deciduomal regression in pseudopregnant hamsters effect of progesterone.
Life sciences, 2001Co-Authors: Joyce C. Chen, Jen-hsou Lin, Guey Mei Jow, Ying-i Peng, Yuan-feen Tsai, Tong J. ChenAbstract:We determined whether fragmentation of genomic DNA, apoptosis, occurs during Deciduomal regression in pseudopregnant hamsters and the effect of progesterone on the apoptotic processes. Artificially induced Deciduoma were obtained on different days of pseudopregnancy and separated into mesometrial and antimesometrial tissues. The Deciduomal cell cycle progression and population profiles of both sides were compared by flow cytometry. The proportion of sub-G1 peak, which was correlated with the apoptotic cells, were about 10% on day 8 and reached to 40% in both tissues on day 10. Exogenous progesterone treatment by daily injection (2 mg; s.c.) on and after day 8 reduced the percentage of low molecular weight DNA in both tissues on day 10 and day 12 as compared to the nontreated control one, respectively. The appearance of DNA ladder was also delayed at least 24 h by progesterone administration. The intensity of DNA fragmentation was more pronounced in antimesometrial Deciduoma. In situ 3'-end labeling of apoptotic cells further substantiated the apoptotic process. The apoptotic cells first appeared in the luminal region in antimesometrial Deciduoma on day 8 and spreaded all over the entire Deciduomal tissue on day 10. Progesterone treatment stimulated Deciduomal proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, maintained Deciduoma until day 14 and retarded the differentiation and regeneration of the uterine epithelium.
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Changes of progesterone receptors in mesometrial and antimesometrial Deciduoma after removal of fetus or placenta in unilateral pregnant hamster.
Life sciences, 1994Co-Authors: Guey Mei Jow, Tong J. ChenAbstract:The effects of fetuses or placentas (with fetuses) removal on progesterone receptors (PR) in Deciduomal tissues were investigated in unilateral pregnant (ULP) hamsters. Deciduomal reactions in response to artificial stimuli were induced on the tube-ligated uterine horns of ULP hamsters. Fetuses or placentas (with fetuses) were removed on day 8 of ULP, and the cytosolic and nuclear PR (cPR, and nPR, respectively) levels in Deciduomal tissues at mesometrial (MS) and antimesometrial (AMS) sites were separately studied on day 10 and 12 of ULP. In the sham control group, cPR at the MS decreased with time, but at a slower rate than that at the AMS. The MS Deciduoma contained higher cPR than the AMS Deciduoma on day 12. Removal of fetuses did not cause any significant change of the decline rate, and the PR levels were similar to that of the control. The nPR at the MS and AMS also declined with time in all three groups. Removal of placentas induced drastic losses of cPR and nPR at the MS and AMS on day 10 and 12. Supplement of progesterone (P; 2 mg/animal/day) to the placenta-removed group restored the cPR somewhat at the MS site, but not back to the level of the control. The effect of P to restore nPR levels could be observed at the MS and AMS on day 10, but only at the MS on day 12. These data suggest that placental factor(s) other than P may play an important role on the maintenance of PR in Deciduoma. Other cellular mechanisms may exist at the MS and AMS sites for the heterogeneous responses.
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Progesterone regulation of progesterone receptor in mesometrial and antimesometrial Deciduoma in pseudopregnant hamster.
Life sciences, 1992Co-Authors: Guey Mei Jow, Tong J. ChenAbstract:Abstract Experiments were performed to examine the thropic effects of progesterone (P) on the progesterone receptor (PR) and the maintenance of the Deciduoma. Deciduomal reactions in response to artificial stimuli were induced in hamsters' uteri on the 4th (D 4 ) day of pseudopregnancy (PSP). On and after the 8th day, PSP hamsters received P supplement (2mg; s.c.) daily. Histological observation revealed that the life span of the Deciduoma was partially prolonged. The maintenance and regression of the Deciduoma was heterogeneous. P was able to maintain the morphology of the cells at the mesometrial site (MS) on D 12 , whereas cells at the antimesometrial site (AMS) regressed. The cytosol progesterone receptor (cPR) concentration in cells of the MS was higher than that of the AMS on D 10 . The cPR in MS and AMS decreased drastically on D 12 . The nuclear PR (nPR) remained at a higher concentration in both tissues on D 10 followed by a precipitous decrease. The Deciduomal nPR in the AMS decreased at a faster rate. By day 12, the nPR in the MS was much higher than that in the AMS. These data show that P acts as a trophic hormone of the Deciduoma. The maintenance of Deciduoma is closely related to the presence of PR. Other mechanisms may exist for the heterogeneous responses observed at the MS and AMS.
Brent M. Bany - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genome-Wide Analysis of the Mouse Deciduoma
The Guide to Investigation of Mouse Pregnancy, 2014Co-Authors: Brent M. BanyAbstract:Chapter Summary During pregnancy, differentiation of the endometrium results in formation of specialized tissue known as the decidua. This differentiation is a process called decidualization, and it begins after the onset of implantation in mice. Over 100 years ago, it was discovered that this process can be artificially induced in uteri of rodents. The resulting tissue is called the Deciduoma in order to distinguish it from the corresponding tissue found in pregnant animals. Artificial induction has proven a very useful approach to model decidualization using rodents, and many different deciduogenic stimuli have been used over the years. Recently, many mouse studies have included genome-wide expression profiling of Deciduoma tissue, which has provided a wealth of useful new data for researchers to mine. Other types of genome-wide analyses now possible are almost completely lacking in the current mouse decidualization literature and thus provide exciting avenues for future research. This chapter focuses on the mouse Deciduoma model and its past and future potential uses in genome-wide assessment of molecular genetic changes that occur during decidualization.
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Pseudopregnant Bead-Induced Mouse Deciduoma Model
The Guide to Investigation of Mouse Pregnancy, 2014Co-Authors: Brent M. BanyAbstract:Chapter Summary This chapter outlines a protocol whereby blastocyst-sized Concanavalin A-coated Sepharose beads are used to induce decidualization in pseudopregnant mice (Pseudo-BID). The beads are transferred into the uterine lumen of day 2.5 pseudopregnant mice. This deciduogenic stimulus causes a focal increase in uterine vascular permeability that can easily be seen the morning of day 4.5 followed by decidualization, which is similar to what happens in pregnant mice during implantation. The novel aspect of this model is that the beads induce a “focal” decidualization unlike other commonly used Deciduoma models (intraluminal oil injection, scratch) in which the deciduogenic stimuli induce decidualization along the entire length of the uterine horn. Therefore, the Pseudo-BID model has advantages that make it very useful in studying specific aspects of decidualization.
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Microarray assessment of the influence of the conceptus on gene expression in the mouse uterus during decidualization
Reproduction (Cambridge England), 2011Co-Authors: Melinda E. Mcconaha, Kirsten Eckstrum, Jena J. Steinle, Brent M. BanyAbstract:During pregnancy in several species including humans and rodents, the endometrium undergoes decidualization. This process of differentiation from endometrial to decidual tissue occurs only after the onset of implantation in mice. It can also be artificially induced causing the formation of Deciduomal tissue. The purpose of this study was to compare the gene expression profile of the developing decidua in pregnant mice with the Deciduoma formed after artificial induction in an effort to identify conceptus-influenced changes in uterine gene expression during decidualization. We induced decidualization artificially by transferring blastocyst-sized ConA-coated agarose beads into the uterus on day 2.5 of pseudopregnancy. Recently published work has found this model to be more 'physiological' than other methods. Total RNA was isolated from blastocyst and bead-induced 'implantation' sites of the uteri of day 7.5 pregnant (decidua) and pseudopregnant (Deciduoma) mice respectively. This RNA was then used for microarray analysis using Mouse Illumina BeadArray chips. This analysis revealed potential differential mRNA levels of only 45 genes between the decidua and bead-induced Deciduoma tissues. We confirmed the differential mRNA levels of 31 of these genes using quantitative RT-PCR. Finally, the level and localization of some of the mRNAs for select genes (Aldh3a1, Bcmo1, Guca2b, and Inhbb) identified by our microarray analysis were examined in more detail. This study provides the identity of a small set of genes whose expression in the uterus during decidualization may be influenced by molecular signals from the conceptus.
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Effect of the Conceptus on Uterine Natural Killer Cell Numbers and Function in the Mouse Uterus During Decidualization
Biology of reproduction, 2006Co-Authors: Jennifer L. Herington, Brent M. BanyAbstract:Abstract Uterine natural killer (uNK) cells are the most abundant lymphocytes in the uterus during early pregnancy and play a role in spiral arteriole modifications. In the present study, we investigated whether uNK cell populations differed between mouse decidua and Deciduoma. Histochemical staining using the Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) lectin was used to identify uNK cells and classify their stages of maturation. We found differences in the pattern of localization and density of uNK cells between the decidua and Deciduoma at Days 2–4 after the onset of decidualization. The cells were more distributed and the densities were significantly greater in the mesometrial region of the decidua than in the Deciduoma. Using double-labeling for DBA lectin binding and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, we found that the higher number of uNK cells in the decidua was not due to an increase in uNK cell proliferation. Western blot analyses revealed that the increase in uNK cell number was accompanied by significant...
Ming-xia Zhu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A mechanistic assessment of 1,3-butadiene diepoxide-induced inhibition of uterine Deciduoma proliferation in pseudopregnant rats.
Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford N.Y.), 2001Co-Authors: Fitzgerald Spencer, Limen Chi, Ming-xia ZhuAbstract:Abstract Butadiene diepoxide (BDE), a reactive metabolite of 1,3-butadiene that is an important industrial chemical used in synthetic rubber production causes a dose-dependent inhibition of Deciduoma development in pseudopregnant Sprague-Dawley rats. This study used 4 daily i.p. BDE doses of 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, or 0.40 to characterize mechanisms that may be responsible for the antiDeciduoma effect. Pseudopregnant rats were treated either before (pseudopregnancy [PPG] days 1–4) or after (PPG days 5–9) Deciduoma induction by endometrial trauma with a blunt needle. Animals were killed on PPG day 9 and evaluated for serum progesterone and endometrial protein and DNA. RT-PCR was used to measure message for estrogen receptor (ER) α and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP). Substrate zymography and Western blotting were used respectively to measure matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and inducible nitric oxide synthase. The antiDeciduoma effects of BDE were associated with decreases in endometrial weight, protein, and DNA, with decreases in serum progesterone, and with decreases in PACAP message and MMP-9. A reduction in NOS was identified at the highest dose of BDE. Message for estrogen receptor (ER) α was not affected at any dose. We conclude that the reduction in decidual proliferation was direct and appeared to be associated with either 1) a decrease in the effectiveness of the deciduogenic stimulation and/or a weakened endometrial sensitivity to the stimulus; or 2) an effect on Deciduoma development. Molecular mechanisms that apparently contributed to BDE inhibition of decidual metabolism included the synthesis of protein and DNA involved in decidual growth, the synthesis and activation of a matrix metalloproteinase for degradation of the extracellular matrix that is essential for tissue remodeling during Deciduoma development, and the nitric oxide/nitric oxide synthase and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide systems that are involved in promoting vasodilation and increased vascular permeability to enhance the availability of substrates for maximal Deciduoma growth. The ovotoxicity of BDE, which has previously been established, may indirectly affect decidual proliferation by reducing progesterone, the preeminent endocrine regulator of Deciduoma development. The findings also suggest that BDE may possess no estrogenic action since it was associated with endometrial weight loss and unaltered levels of the estrogen receptor α mRNA expression.
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Biochemical characterization of benomyl inhibition on endometrial growth during decidualization in rats.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1998Co-Authors: Fitzgerald Spencer, Limen Chi, Ming-xia ZhuAbstract:The antimitotic action of the systemic benzimidazole carbamate compound, benomyl, the basis for its fungitoxicity, was assessed in a mammalian system by selected biochemical endpoints of endometrial proliferation during decidualization in rats. The Deciduoma, artificially induced on Day 4 of pseudopregnancy (PG), represents the maternal portion of the placenta that attains maximal growth between Days 9-11 PG. Deciduoma induction by surgical uterine trauma normally prolongs PG into the decidualization process. Measured endometrial parameters were the wet weight, protein for hypertrophy, DNA indicative of hyperplasia; enzymatic biomarkers- isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) and the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs); and serum progesterone which hormonally maintains decidual growth. Benomyl was administered by oral gavage in daily doses (500 mg/kg/rat in corn oil for 5 days, PG Days 5-9) and animals were sacrificed on PG Day 10. Benomyl caused significant reduction (P < 0.001) in endometrial wet weight, protein and DNA concentrations. ICDH activity was also significantly reduced (P < 0.01) following benomyl treatment. Of the two MMP species (72 and 92 kDa), whereas the 72 kDa was only slightly affected, the 92 kDa MMP was suppressed 2-3 fold by benomyl. Benomyl was without effect on the progesterone concentration. The findings suggest that during decidualization in rats, the anti-deciduogenic, antimitotic action of post-traumal benomyl treatment which occurred via the biochemical molecules (protein, DNA, ICDH and the MMPs) apparently was not mediated by progesterone.
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Time-dependent relationship between the estrogen receptors and the matrix metalloproteinases following Deciduoma induction in rats
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part C Pharmacology toxicology & endocrinology, 1998Co-Authors: Fitzgerald Spencer, Limen Chi, Ming-xia ZhuAbstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate time-related interactions between the estrogen receptors, mediators of steroidal regulation of uterine growth, and an extracellular regulatory enzyme, the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) engaged in connective tissue degradation and remodeling that are fundamental to implantation and placentation. Pseudopregnant rats, in which the decidual response, the basis for decidualization, was surgically induced on day 4 of pseudopregnancy (PG), were sacrificed on PG days 3, 6, 9, and 15 for retrieval of uterine tissues for assays: the radioligand binding assay for the estrogen receptors and substrate zymography for the MMPs. Following increases on PG day 3, there were time-dependent decreases in the cytosolic low and high capacity estrogen receptors during Deciduoma development (PG days 6-9) and regression (PG day 15) in both the endometrium and myometrium. Moreover, whereas the low capacity estrogen receptor levels were only slightly decreased (PG days 6-15), the high capacity receptors were reduced on day 6 (P < 0.001) and were completely diminished during PG days 9 and 15. In contrast, the MMPs (92 and 72 kDa) activities were increased from PG days 6-15 (P < 0.05) over the pre-decidual induction values on PG day 3 in both uterine compartments. The results suggest that Deciduoma induction can modulate the concentration of cytosolic estrogen receptor subtypes and MMP activities in rats. The inverse time-dependent interrelationship between these cellular and extracellular components during Deciduoma development and regression imply that the remodeling role of the MMPs may be enhanced by the reduced cytosolic estrogen receptor/estrogen action.
Taisen Iguchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Apoptotic cell death in artificially induced Deciduoma of pseudopregnant mice
The Anatomical record, 1999Co-Authors: Hiroko Hirabayashi, Tomomi Sato, Satomi Kohno, Masami Tanaka, Shinji Kobayashi, Yasuhiko Ohta, Taisen IguchiAbstract:Deciduoma induced by mechanical stimulation in pseudopregnant mice is similar to the decidua in normal pregnancy and it undergoes regression after a certain period. Therefore, we examined cell death in Deciduomas which were induced by artifical stimulation. To analyze the regression mechanism of artificially induced Deciduoma, DNA fragmentation, in situ 3′-DNA nick end labeling, and RT-PCR were performed on day 6 to 14 of pseudopregnancy. DNA fragmentation appeared on day 8 and it increased to day 10 of pseudopregnancy in the traumatized uterine horn. A large number of apoptotic cells were found on day 10 in the periphery of Deciduoma at the antimesometrial side. Deciduoma underwent degeneration on day 11 of pseudopregnancy. Expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA was high on days 8 and 10, then decreased, whereas the expression increased again on day 14. TNF-α protein was expressed from day 8 to day 12, showing a peak expression on day 10 when Deciduoma reached maximum weight. Serum progesterone level was high in the traumatized pseudopregnant mice on day 6, then it gradually decreased. Life span of Deciduoma was prolonged 4 days more by daily injection of progesterone. A reduction in serum progesterone coincides with TNF-α increase, resulting in an increase of apoptotic Deciduomal cells at the regression period, and that the life span of Deciduoma is prolonged by additive supply of progesterone. Anat Rec 254:205–213, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
