The Experts below are selected from a list of 87 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Robert Swanepoel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Epidemiology and pathogenicity of African bat lyssaViruses.
Developments in biologicals, 2020Co-Authors: Wanda Markotter, Janusz T Paweska, Robert Swanepoel, C. Van Eeden, Ivan V. Kuzmin, Charles E. Rupprecht, Anthony R. Fooks, Claude T. Sabeta, Florence CliquetAbstract:LyssaViruses belonging to all four known African LyssaVirus genotypes (gts) have been reported and isolated from SouthAfrica over the past few decades. These are: (1) Duvenhage Virus (gt4), isolated again in 2006 from a human fatality; (2) Mokola Virus (gt3), isolated irregularly, mostly from cats; (3) Lagos bat Virus (gt2) continually isolated over the past four years from Epomophorus fruit bats and from incidental terrestrial animals and (4) Rabies Virus (gt1) - with two Virus biotypes endemic in mongoose and in canid species (mostly domestic dogs, jackals and bat-eared foxes), respectively. Only two of these are associated with bats in Southern Africa, viz. Duvenhage Virus and Lagos bat Virus (gts 4 and 2). For both these genotypes the authors have embarked on a programme of comparative study of molecular epidemiology. Duvenhage Virus nucleoprotein nucleotide sequence analysis indicated a very low nucleotide diversity even though isolates were isolated decades apart. In contrast, individual isolates of Lagos bat Virus were found to differ significantly with respect to nucleoprotein gene nucleotide sequence diversity as well as in pathogenicity profiles.
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fatal human infection with rabies related Duvenhage Virus south africa
Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2006Co-Authors: Janusz T Paweska, Lucille Blumberg, Charl Liebenberg, Richard H Hewlett, Antoinette A Grobbelaar, Patricia A Leman, Janice E Croft, Louise Nutt, Robert SwanepoelAbstract:Duvenhage Virus was isolated from a patient who died of a rabieslike disease after being scratched by a bat early in 2006. This occurred ≈80 km from the site where the only other known human infection with the Virus had occurred 36 years earlier.
Albert D M E Osterhaus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in vitro and in vivo isolation and characterization of Duvenhage Virus
PLOS Pathogens, 2012Co-Authors: Penelope Koraka, Byron E E Martina, Jouke Roose, Pieterpaul A M Van Thiel, Geert Van Amerongen, Thijs Kuiken, Albert D M E OsterhausAbstract:A fatal human case of Duvenhage Virus (DUVV) infection in a Dutch traveller who had returned from Kenya was reported in 2007. She exhibited classical symptoms of rabies encephalitis with distinct pathological findings. In the present study we describe the isolation and characterization of DUVV in vitro and its passage in BALB/c mice. The Virus proved to be neuroinvasive in both juvenile and adult mice, resulting in about 50% lethality upon peripheral infection. Clinical signs in infected mice were those of classical rabies. However, the distribution of viral antigen expression in the brain differed from that of classical rabies Virus infection and neither inclusion bodies nor neuronal necrosis were observed. This is the first study to describe the in vitro and in vivo isolation and characterization of DUVV.
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fatal human rabies due to Duvenhage Virus from a bat in kenya failure of treatment with coma induction ketamine and antiviral drugs
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2009Co-Authors: Pieterpaul A M Van Thiel, Albert D M E Osterhaus, Filip Eftimov, Robert Tepaske, H J Zaaijer, G J J Van Doornum, M Schutten, Charles B L M Majoie, Eleonora Aronica, Christine FehlnergardinerAbstract:11Department of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2Department ofNeurology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 3Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, University ofAmsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 4Department of Clinical Virology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,5Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 6Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 7Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 8Centre of Expertise forRabies, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa Laboratory (Fallowfield), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Noël Tordo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evidence of Two LyssaVirus Phylogroups with Distinct Pathogenicity and Immunogenicity
Journal of Virology, 2001Co-Authors: Hassan Badrane, Chokri Bahloul, Pierre Perrin, Noël TordoAbstract:The genetic diversity of representative members of the LyssaVirus genus (rabies and rabies-related Viruses) was evaluated using the gene encoding the transmembrane glycoprotein involved in the Virus-host interaction, immunogenicity, and pathogenicity. Phylogenetic analysis distinguished seven genotypes, which could be divided into two major phylogroups having the highest bootstrap values. Phylogroup I comprises the worldwide genotype 1 (classic Rabies Virus), the European bat lyssaVirus (EBL) genotypes 5 (EBL1) and 6 (EBL2), the African genotype 4 (Duvenhage Virus), and the Australian bat lyssaVirus genotype 7. Phylogroup II comprises the divergent African genotypes 2 (Lagos bat Virus) and 3 (Mokola Virus). We studied immunogenic and pathogenic properties to investigate the biological significance of this phylogenetic grouping. Viruses from phylogroup I (Rabies Virus and EBL1) were found to be pathogenic for mice when injected by the intracerebral or the intramuscular route, whereas Viruses from phylogroup II (Mokola and Lagos bat Viruses) were only pathogenic by the intracerebral route. We showed that the glycoprotein R333 residue essential for virulence was naturally replaced by a D333 in the phylogroup II Viruses, likely resulting in their attenuated pathogenicity. Moreover, cross-neutralization distinguished the same phylogroups. Within each phylogroup, the amino acid sequence of the glycoprotein ectodomain was at least 74% identical, and antiglycoprotein Virus-neutralizing antibodies displayed cross-neutralization. Between phylogroups, the identity was less than 64.5% and the cross-neutralization was absent, explaining why the classical rabies vaccines (phylogroup I) cannot protect against lyssaViruses from phylogroup II. Our tree-axial analysis divided lyssaViruses into two phylogroups that more closely reflect their biological characteristics than previous serotypes and genotypes.
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Molecular Diversity of the LyssaVirus Genus
Virology, 1993Co-Authors: Hervé Bourhy, B. Kissi, Noël TordoAbstract:Abstract The sequence of 5568 nucleotides of the 3′ moiety of the Mokola Virus genome (serotype 3 of lyssaViruses) encompassing the nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein, matrix protein, and glycoprotein genes is presented and compared to that of the vaccinal strains of serotype 1. It allowed us to determine consensus sequences derived from the transcriptional start/stop signals and the order of protein conservation (nucleoprotein > matrix protein > phosphoprotein) in lyssaViruses. The sequences of the N gene of a fox rabies Virus isolate from France (serotype 1), Lagos bat Virus (serotype 2), Duvenhage Virus (serotype 4), two European bat lyssaViruses (EBL) subtype 1, and two EBL subtype 2 were also determined to study the genetic diversity throughout the whole LyssaVirus genus and reinvestigate the classification of this genus. Six clearly distinct genotypes can be distinguished according to their percentage of amino acid similarity. Genotypes 2 (Lagos bat Virus) and 3 (Mokola Virus) are the most phylogenetically distant from the vaccinal and classical rabies Viruses of genotype 1. Genotypes 4 (Duvenhage Virus) and 5 (EBL1) are closely related to each other. Genotype 6 is represented by EBL2. Compared to the N proteins of the four principal serotypes of the VesiculoVirus genus (vesicular stomatitis Virus serotype New Jersey and serotype Indiana, Chandipura Virus, and Piry Virus), the N gene of lyssaViruses exhibits a lower genetic variability.
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antigenic and molecular characterization of bat rabies Virus in europe
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 1992Co-Authors: Hervé Bourhy, B. Kissi, Monique Lafon, D Sacramento, Noël TordoAbstract:The predominant role of Eptesicus serotinus in the epizootic of bat rabies in Europe was further outlined by the first isolation of the rabies Virus from this species in France. The distribution of the Virus was studied in naturally infected E. serotinus bats at the time of death and suggested that the papillae of the tongue and the respiratory mucosa may play a role in Virus production and excretion. The analysis of 501 French rabies Virus isolates from various animal species by antinucleocapsid monoclonal antibodies indicated that transmission of the disease from bats to terrestrial animals is unlikely. The antigenic profile of two isolates from French bats corresponded to that of European bat lyssaVirus type 1 (EBL1). Comparisons of 12 different isolates from bats with antinucleocapsid and antiglycoprotein monoclonal antibodies and by direct sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction amplification product of the N gene indicated that EBL1, EBL2, Duvenhage Virus (serotype 4 of lyssaVirus), and the European fox rabies Virus (serotype 1) are phylogenetically distant. They formed four tight genetic clusters named genotypes. EBL1 was shown to be antigenically and genetically more closely related to Duvenhage Virus than to EBL2. We propose that EBL1 and EBL2 constitute two distinct genotypes which further serologic characterization will probably classify as new serotypes. We also report a simple method for the rapid characterization of EBL based on the digestion of the polymerase chain reaction product of the N gene by three restriction endonucleases. Images
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From rabies to rabies-related Viruses.
Veterinary Microbiology, 1990Co-Authors: Hervé Bourhy, Pierre Sureau, Noël TordoAbstract:Abstract Antigenic differences between rabies Virus strains characterized with monoclonal antibodies presently define at least four serotypes within the LyssaVirus genus of the Rhabdoviridae family: classical rabies Virus strains (serotype 1), Lagos bat Virus (serotype 2), Mokola Virus (serotype 3) and Duvenhage Virus (serotype 4). The wide distribution of rabies-related Virus strains (serotypes 2, 3 and 4) and above all, the weak protection conferred by rabies vaccines against some of them (principally Mokola Virus) necessitates the development of new specific vaccines. We first determined the complete nucleotide sequence of a rabies Virus strain of serotype 1 (Pasteur Virus) and characterized the structure of the viral genes and their regulatory sequences. We then extended this study to the Mokola Virus genome. Five non-overlapping open reading frames were found in both Viruses and had similar sizes and positions in both. Similarities were also found in the mRNA start and stop sequences and at the genomic extremities. Comparison of both genomes helps to analyze the basis of the particular antigenicity of these two serotypes. The sequence homology in the region coding for the viral glycoprotein was only 58% between the two Viruses, compared with 94% between different rabies Virus strains within serotype 1. This comparison, extended to other unsegmented negative strand RNA Viruses, gives new insight into the understanding of rhabdoViruses and paramyxoViruses. Furthermore, molecular cloning provides a rationale for the genetic engineering of a future vaccine.
Pieterpaul A M Van Thiel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in vitro and in vivo isolation and characterization of Duvenhage Virus
PLOS Pathogens, 2012Co-Authors: Penelope Koraka, Byron E E Martina, Jouke Roose, Pieterpaul A M Van Thiel, Geert Van Amerongen, Thijs Kuiken, Albert D M E OsterhausAbstract:A fatal human case of Duvenhage Virus (DUVV) infection in a Dutch traveller who had returned from Kenya was reported in 2007. She exhibited classical symptoms of rabies encephalitis with distinct pathological findings. In the present study we describe the isolation and characterization of DUVV in vitro and its passage in BALB/c mice. The Virus proved to be neuroinvasive in both juvenile and adult mice, resulting in about 50% lethality upon peripheral infection. Clinical signs in infected mice were those of classical rabies. However, the distribution of viral antigen expression in the brain differed from that of classical rabies Virus infection and neither inclusion bodies nor neuronal necrosis were observed. This is the first study to describe the in vitro and in vivo isolation and characterization of DUVV.
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fatal human rabies due to Duvenhage Virus from a bat in kenya failure of treatment with coma induction ketamine and antiviral drugs
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2009Co-Authors: Pieterpaul A M Van Thiel, Albert D M E Osterhaus, Filip Eftimov, Robert Tepaske, H J Zaaijer, G J J Van Doornum, M Schutten, Charles B L M Majoie, Eleonora Aronica, Christine FehlnergardinerAbstract:11Department of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2Department ofNeurology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 3Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, University ofAmsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 4Department of Clinical Virology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,5Department of Virology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 6Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 7Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 8Centre of Expertise forRabies, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa Laboratory (Fallowfield), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Penelope Koraka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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analysis of mouse brain transcriptome after experimental Duvenhage Virus infection shows activation of innate immune response and pyroptotic cell death pathway
Frontiers in Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Penelope Koraka, Byron E E Martina, Jouke Roose, Geert Van Amerongen, Fatiha Zaaraouiboutahar, Wilfred F J Van Ijcken, Arno C Andeweg, Albertus D M E OsterhausAbstract:Rabies is an important neglected disease, characterized by invariably fatal encephalitis. Several studies focus on understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of the prototype lyssaVirus rabies Virus infection, and little is known about the pathogenesis of rabies caused by other lyssaViruses. We sought to characterize the host response to Duvenhage Virus infection and compare it with responses observed during rabies Virus infection by gene expression profiling of brains of mice with the respective infections. We found in both infections differentially expressed genes leading to increased expression of type I interferons, chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines. In addition several genes of the interferon signaling pathway are upregulated, indicating a strong antiviral response and activation of the negative feedback mechanism to limit type I interferon responses. Furthermore we provide evidence that in the absence of significant neuronal apoptotic death, cell death of neurons is mediated via the pyroptotic pathway in both infections. Taken together, we have identified several genes and/or pathways for both infections that could be used to explore novel approaches for intervention strategies against rabies.
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in vitro and in vivo isolation and characterization of Duvenhage Virus
PLOS Pathogens, 2012Co-Authors: Penelope Koraka, Byron E E Martina, Jouke Roose, Pieterpaul A M Van Thiel, Geert Van Amerongen, Thijs Kuiken, Albert D M E OsterhausAbstract:A fatal human case of Duvenhage Virus (DUVV) infection in a Dutch traveller who had returned from Kenya was reported in 2007. She exhibited classical symptoms of rabies encephalitis with distinct pathological findings. In the present study we describe the isolation and characterization of DUVV in vitro and its passage in BALB/c mice. The Virus proved to be neuroinvasive in both juvenile and adult mice, resulting in about 50% lethality upon peripheral infection. Clinical signs in infected mice were those of classical rabies. However, the distribution of viral antigen expression in the brain differed from that of classical rabies Virus infection and neither inclusion bodies nor neuronal necrosis were observed. This is the first study to describe the in vitro and in vivo isolation and characterization of DUVV.
