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Yves Duval - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • determination of flower structure in Elaeis Guineensis do palms use the same homeotic genes as other species
    Annals of Botany, 2007
    Co-Authors: Helene Adam, Yves Duval, Stefan Jouannic, Jeanluc Verdeil, Fabienne Morcillo, James Tregear
    Abstract:

    †Aims In this article a review is made of data recently obtained on the structural diversity and possible functions of MADS box genes in the determination of flower structure in the African oil palm (Elaeis Guineensis). MADS box genes play a dominant role in the ABC model established to explain how floral organ identity is determined in model dicotyledon species such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Antirrhinum majus. In the monocotyledons, although there appears to be a broad general conservation of ABC gene functions, the model itself needs to be adapted in some cases, notably for certain species which produce flowers with sepals and petals of similar appearance. For the moment, ABC genes remain unstudied in a number of key monocot clades, so only a partial picture is available for the Liliopsida as a whole. The aim of this article is to summarize data recently obtained for the African oil palm Elaeis Guineensis, a member of the family Arecaceae (Arecales), and to discuss their significance with respect to knowledge gained from other Angiosperm groups, particularly within the monocotyledons. †Scope The essential details of reproductive development in oil palm are discussed and an overview is provided of the structural and functional characterization of MADS box genes likely to play a homeotic role in flower development in this species. †Conclusions The structural and functional data provide evidence for a general conservation of the generic ‘ABC’ model in oil palm, rather than the ‘modified ABC model’ proposed for some other monocot species which produce homochlamydeous flowers (i.e. with morphologically similar organs in both perianth whorls), such as members of the Liliales. Our oil palm data therefore follow a similar pattern to those obtained for other Commelinid species in the orders Commelinales and Poales. The significance of these findings is discussed.

  • reproductive developmental complexity in the african oil palm Elaeis Guineensis arecaceae
    American Journal of Botany, 2005
    Co-Authors: Helene Adam, Yves Duval, Stefan Jouannic, Jacques Escoute, Jeanluc Verdeil, James Tregear
    Abstract:

    Species of the palm family (Arecaceae) are remarkably diverse in their inflorescence and floral morphologies, which make them a particularly interesting group for studies of reproductive development and its evolution. Using light and scanning electron microscopy, we describe inflorescence and flower development in the African oil palm Elaeis Guineensis from the initiation of the inflorescence meristem to flower maturity. In mature palms, the inflorescence develops over 2‐3 years and is characterized by individual stages within which differentiation may be either relatively slow, as in the case of early inflorescence meristem development, or rapid, as in the case of flower organogenesis. The female inflorescence bears floral triads composed of single pistillate flowers flanked by two abortive staminate flowers, whereas the male inflorescence contains single functional staminate flowers. This suggests a possible evolutionary movement from an ancestral hermaphrodite inflorescence form containing fully functional floral triads to the situation of temporal dioecy observed at present. Wild type flowers are compared to those bearing an epigenetic homeotic abnormality, known as mantled, involving an alteration of the identity of the organs in the fertile and sterile androecium.

  • Cryopreservation of zygotic embryos and kernels of oil palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.)
    Seed Science Research, 1995
    Co-Authors: Florent Engelmann, Nathalie Chabrillange, Stéphane Dussert, Yves Duval
    Abstract:

    ' Abstract In the present study, the efficiency of two cryopreservation strategies for oil palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) was compared. If extracted from rehydrated kernels, 65% of the embryos desiccated to around 0.3 g H,O/g DW developed into plantlets after cryopreservation. In contrast, only 25% of embryos (0.12 g H,O/g DW) extracted from cryopreserved dry kernels developed into plantlets. However, this value was increased to 63% if kernels were partially rehydrated before freezing until the water content of embryos reached 0.3 g H,O/g DW.This study emphasizes the importance of partial rehydration of oil palm embryos before cryopreservation.

  • Somatic Embryogenesis in Oil Palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.)
    Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, 1995
    Co-Authors: Yves Duval, Florent Engelmann, Tristan Durand-gasselin
    Abstract:

    Oil palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) belongs to the family Aracaceae. At the adult stage, this arborescent monocotyledon shows typical features of palms with a crown consisting of 40–50 opened, palmate leaves and a cone with 40–50 leaves at various development stages at the end of an unbranched stem. Growth is ensured by a single terminal meristem which produces an average of two leaves per month.

  • Plant regeneration from embryogenic suspension cultures of oil palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.)
    Plant Cell Reports, 1991
    Co-Authors: B. De Touchet, Yves Duval, Catherine Pannetier
    Abstract:

    Suspension cultures of oil palm (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) were established in a medium with 80 or 100 mg.l−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 1 g.l−1 activated charcoal, from calli producing embryogenic cells and protruding proembryos. The suspension was composed of meristematic clumps, breaking away and giving rise to new smaller aggregates. Under the best conditions, the initial weight increased about 4 fold in one month. Embryo differentiation was achieved when plating the clumps either directly, or after a phase in hormone-free liquid medium. In the second case, early maturation occurred in liquid medium. Secondary embryogenesis was reduced, and up to 18.1 % embryos formed shoots. Rooted plants were sucessfully transferred to soil.

James Tregear - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • determination of flower structure in Elaeis Guineensis do palms use the same homeotic genes as other species
    Annals of Botany, 2007
    Co-Authors: Helene Adam, Yves Duval, Stefan Jouannic, Jeanluc Verdeil, Fabienne Morcillo, James Tregear
    Abstract:

    †Aims In this article a review is made of data recently obtained on the structural diversity and possible functions of MADS box genes in the determination of flower structure in the African oil palm (Elaeis Guineensis). MADS box genes play a dominant role in the ABC model established to explain how floral organ identity is determined in model dicotyledon species such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Antirrhinum majus. In the monocotyledons, although there appears to be a broad general conservation of ABC gene functions, the model itself needs to be adapted in some cases, notably for certain species which produce flowers with sepals and petals of similar appearance. For the moment, ABC genes remain unstudied in a number of key monocot clades, so only a partial picture is available for the Liliopsida as a whole. The aim of this article is to summarize data recently obtained for the African oil palm Elaeis Guineensis, a member of the family Arecaceae (Arecales), and to discuss their significance with respect to knowledge gained from other Angiosperm groups, particularly within the monocotyledons. †Scope The essential details of reproductive development in oil palm are discussed and an overview is provided of the structural and functional characterization of MADS box genes likely to play a homeotic role in flower development in this species. †Conclusions The structural and functional data provide evidence for a general conservation of the generic ‘ABC’ model in oil palm, rather than the ‘modified ABC model’ proposed for some other monocot species which produce homochlamydeous flowers (i.e. with morphologically similar organs in both perianth whorls), such as members of the Liliales. Our oil palm data therefore follow a similar pattern to those obtained for other Commelinid species in the orders Commelinales and Poales. The significance of these findings is discussed.

  • reproductive developmental complexity in the african oil palm Elaeis Guineensis arecaceae
    American Journal of Botany, 2005
    Co-Authors: Helene Adam, Yves Duval, Stefan Jouannic, Jacques Escoute, Jeanluc Verdeil, James Tregear
    Abstract:

    Species of the palm family (Arecaceae) are remarkably diverse in their inflorescence and floral morphologies, which make them a particularly interesting group for studies of reproductive development and its evolution. Using light and scanning electron microscopy, we describe inflorescence and flower development in the African oil palm Elaeis Guineensis from the initiation of the inflorescence meristem to flower maturity. In mature palms, the inflorescence develops over 2‐3 years and is characterized by individual stages within which differentiation may be either relatively slow, as in the case of early inflorescence meristem development, or rapid, as in the case of flower organogenesis. The female inflorescence bears floral triads composed of single pistillate flowers flanked by two abortive staminate flowers, whereas the male inflorescence contains single functional staminate flowers. This suggests a possible evolutionary movement from an ancestral hermaphrodite inflorescence form containing fully functional floral triads to the situation of temporal dioecy observed at present. Wild type flowers are compared to those bearing an epigenetic homeotic abnormality, known as mantled, involving an alteration of the identity of the organs in the fertile and sterile androecium.

Sreenivasan Sasidharan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • cytotoxicity of methanol extracts of Elaeis Guineensis on mcf 7 and vero cell lines
    Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2012
    Co-Authors: Soundararajan Vijayarathna, Sreenivasan Sasidharan
    Abstract:

    Objective To investigate the cytotoxic effect of Elaeis Guineensis methanol extract on MCF-7 and Vero cell.

  • the antimicrobial efficacy of Elaeis Guineensis characterization in vitro and in vivo studies
    Molecules, 2012
    Co-Authors: Soundararajan Vijayarathna, L. Yoga Latha, Zuraini Zakaria, Yeng Chen, Jagat R Kanwar, Sreenivasan Sasidharan
    Abstract:

    The urgent need to treat multi-drug resistant pathogenic microorganisms in chronically infected patients has given rise to the development of new antimicrobials from natural resources. We have tested Elaeis Guineensis Jacq (Arecaceae) methanol extract against a variety of bacterial, fungal and yeast strains associated with infections. Our studies have demonstrated that E. Guineensis exhibits excellent antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo against the bacterial and fungal strains tested. A marked inhibitory effect of the E. Guineensis extracts was observed against C. albicans whereby E. Guineensis extract at ½, 1, or 2 times the MIC significantly inhibited C. albicans growth with a noticeable drop in optical density (OD) of the bacterial culture. This finding confirmed the anticandidal activity of the extract on C. albicans. Imaging using scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy was done to determine the major alterations in

  • Hepatoprotective potential of Elaeis Guineensis leaf against paracetamol induced damage in mice: a serum analysis.
    2012
    Co-Authors: Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Soundararajan Vijayarathna, Subramanion L. Jothy, Ping Kwanyuet, L. Yoga Latha
    Abstract:

    Elaeis Guineensis, a medicinal herb, is commonly used in folk medicine to treat various diseases. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of E. Guineensis against experimentally induced liver injury through serum analysis. Serum activity was measured by monitoring the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and billirubin. The results of the paracetamol-induced liver toxicity experiments showed that mice treated with the E. Guineensis leaf extract (200 mg/kg) showed a significant decrease in ALT, AST, and bilirubin levels, which were all elevated in the paracetamol treated group (p < 0.01). The hepatoprotective action is likely related to its potent antioxidative activity.

  • wound healing activity of Elaeis Guineensis leaf extract ointment
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2011
    Co-Authors: Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Selvarasoo Logeswaran, L. Yoga Latha
    Abstract:

    Elaeis Guineensis of the Arecaceae family is widely used in the traditional medicine of societies in West Africa for treating various ailments. To validate the ethnotherapeutic claims of the plant in skin diseases, wound healing activity was studied. The results showed that E. Guineensis leaf extract had potent wound healing capacity as evident from the better wound closure (P < 0.05), improved tissue regeneration at the wound site, and supporting histopathological parameters pertaining to wound healing. Matrix metalloproteinases expression correlated well with the results thus confirming efficacy of E. Guineensis in the treatment of the wound. E. Guineensis accelerated wound healing in rats, thus supporting its traditional use. The result of this study suggested that, used efficiently, oil palm leaf extract is a renewable resource with wound healing properties.

  • Standardization of Elaeis Guineensis with respect to authenticity, assay and chemical constituent analysis.
    African Journal of Biotechnology, 2010
    Co-Authors: Amala Rajoo, Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Surash Ramanathan, Sharif Mahsufi Mansor
    Abstract:

    In consideration of commercialization of formulations based on medicinal plants, quality control standards of various medicinal plants used in traditional medicine are becoming more important. An attempt for the standardization of Elaeis Guineensis leaf has been carried out with respect to authenticity, assay and chemical constituent analysis. Many parameters of authentication involved in this study include gross morphology, microscopy of leaf and functional groups analysis by the fourier transform infrared (FTIR) method. Standardization involves the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract whereby the chemical effects could be assessed and curative values established. The standardization of chemical constituent involves the quantification of lead molecules in E. Guineensis . The MIC of the E. Guineensis leaves extract was investigated using broth dilution method. The extract showed a MIC value of 6.25 mg/ml and same value was retained for different extracting time. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method used for quantifications of 2,6,10,14,18,22-tetracosahexaene in the extract was rapid, accurate, precise, linear (R 2 = 0.993), rugged and robust. Hence this method is suitable for the quantification of 2,6,10,14,18,22- tetracosahexaene in E. Guineensis . Key words: Elaeis Guineensis , standardization, microscopy, medicinal plants.

L. Yoga Latha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the antimicrobial efficacy of Elaeis Guineensis characterization in vitro and in vivo studies
    Molecules, 2012
    Co-Authors: Soundararajan Vijayarathna, L. Yoga Latha, Zuraini Zakaria, Yeng Chen, Jagat R Kanwar, Sreenivasan Sasidharan
    Abstract:

    The urgent need to treat multi-drug resistant pathogenic microorganisms in chronically infected patients has given rise to the development of new antimicrobials from natural resources. We have tested Elaeis Guineensis Jacq (Arecaceae) methanol extract against a variety of bacterial, fungal and yeast strains associated with infections. Our studies have demonstrated that E. Guineensis exhibits excellent antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo against the bacterial and fungal strains tested. A marked inhibitory effect of the E. Guineensis extracts was observed against C. albicans whereby E. Guineensis extract at ½, 1, or 2 times the MIC significantly inhibited C. albicans growth with a noticeable drop in optical density (OD) of the bacterial culture. This finding confirmed the anticandidal activity of the extract on C. albicans. Imaging using scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy was done to determine the major alterations in

  • Hepatoprotective potential of Elaeis Guineensis leaf against paracetamol induced damage in mice: a serum analysis.
    2012
    Co-Authors: Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Soundararajan Vijayarathna, Subramanion L. Jothy, Ping Kwanyuet, L. Yoga Latha
    Abstract:

    Elaeis Guineensis, a medicinal herb, is commonly used in folk medicine to treat various diseases. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of E. Guineensis against experimentally induced liver injury through serum analysis. Serum activity was measured by monitoring the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and billirubin. The results of the paracetamol-induced liver toxicity experiments showed that mice treated with the E. Guineensis leaf extract (200 mg/kg) showed a significant decrease in ALT, AST, and bilirubin levels, which were all elevated in the paracetamol treated group (p < 0.01). The hepatoprotective action is likely related to its potent antioxidative activity.

  • wound healing activity of Elaeis Guineensis leaf extract ointment
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2011
    Co-Authors: Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Selvarasoo Logeswaran, L. Yoga Latha
    Abstract:

    Elaeis Guineensis of the Arecaceae family is widely used in the traditional medicine of societies in West Africa for treating various ailments. To validate the ethnotherapeutic claims of the plant in skin diseases, wound healing activity was studied. The results showed that E. Guineensis leaf extract had potent wound healing capacity as evident from the better wound closure (P < 0.05), improved tissue regeneration at the wound site, and supporting histopathological parameters pertaining to wound healing. Matrix metalloproteinases expression correlated well with the results thus confirming efficacy of E. Guineensis in the treatment of the wound. E. Guineensis accelerated wound healing in rats, thus supporting its traditional use. The result of this study suggested that, used efficiently, oil palm leaf extract is a renewable resource with wound healing properties.

  • Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activity of Methanolic Extracts of Elaeis Guineensis Jacq Leaf
    2009
    Co-Authors: Sreenivasan Sasidharan, Soundararajan Vijayarathna, L. Yoga Latha, R Sharmini, Santhanam Amutha
    Abstract:

    Summary In this study, the antioxidant properties of methanol extract of leaves Elaeis Guineensis was evaluated through DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical-scavenging activity. Methanol extract of leaves E. Guineensis exhibited good antioxidant activity (50.14 ± 1.711 at 1.0 mg/ml) with EC50 values of 810 µg/ml. In addition, the hepatoprotective activity of methanol extract of leaves E. Guineensis was evaluated against carbon paracetamol induced hepatic damage in mice. The histopathology of rat liver was also done. The extracts at dose of 200 mg/kg were administered orally once daily. The results of this study strongly indicate that methanol extract of leaves E. Guineensis has potent hepatoprotective action against paracetamol induced hepatic damage in mice. This study suggests that possible mechanism of this activity may be due to free radical-scavenging and antioxidant activities which may be due to the presence of polyphenols in the extracts.

  • Antimicrobial Activity of Elaeis Guineensis Leaf
    2008
    Co-Authors: Z. Zuraini, Sreenivasan Sasidharan, L. Yoga Latha, Surash Ramanathan
    Abstract:

    Summary This research was conducted to study the antimicrobial activity of the oil palm (Elaeis Guineensis) leaf. The dried leaves material was extracted with methanol. Screening of the methanol extract of E. Guineensis for antimicrobial activity showed that the extracts possesses significant antimicrobial activity against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria, yeast and the fungi tested. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for the methanol extract of E. Guineensis had been determined and were found in the range of 6.25-12.500 mg/ml. The methanol extract of E. Guineensis at the MIC, half MIC and two time MIC concentration were found to inhibit the early growth phase of the yeast Candida albicans. Microscopic studies showed that the methanol extract of E. Guineensis caused some physiological and morphological changes in the treated cells of C. albicans.

Helene Adam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • determination of flower structure in Elaeis Guineensis do palms use the same homeotic genes as other species
    Annals of Botany, 2007
    Co-Authors: Helene Adam, Yves Duval, Stefan Jouannic, Jeanluc Verdeil, Fabienne Morcillo, James Tregear
    Abstract:

    †Aims In this article a review is made of data recently obtained on the structural diversity and possible functions of MADS box genes in the determination of flower structure in the African oil palm (Elaeis Guineensis). MADS box genes play a dominant role in the ABC model established to explain how floral organ identity is determined in model dicotyledon species such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Antirrhinum majus. In the monocotyledons, although there appears to be a broad general conservation of ABC gene functions, the model itself needs to be adapted in some cases, notably for certain species which produce flowers with sepals and petals of similar appearance. For the moment, ABC genes remain unstudied in a number of key monocot clades, so only a partial picture is available for the Liliopsida as a whole. The aim of this article is to summarize data recently obtained for the African oil palm Elaeis Guineensis, a member of the family Arecaceae (Arecales), and to discuss their significance with respect to knowledge gained from other Angiosperm groups, particularly within the monocotyledons. †Scope The essential details of reproductive development in oil palm are discussed and an overview is provided of the structural and functional characterization of MADS box genes likely to play a homeotic role in flower development in this species. †Conclusions The structural and functional data provide evidence for a general conservation of the generic ‘ABC’ model in oil palm, rather than the ‘modified ABC model’ proposed for some other monocot species which produce homochlamydeous flowers (i.e. with morphologically similar organs in both perianth whorls), such as members of the Liliales. Our oil palm data therefore follow a similar pattern to those obtained for other Commelinid species in the orders Commelinales and Poales. The significance of these findings is discussed.

  • reproductive developmental complexity in the african oil palm Elaeis Guineensis arecaceae
    American Journal of Botany, 2005
    Co-Authors: Helene Adam, Yves Duval, Stefan Jouannic, Jacques Escoute, Jeanluc Verdeil, James Tregear
    Abstract:

    Species of the palm family (Arecaceae) are remarkably diverse in their inflorescence and floral morphologies, which make them a particularly interesting group for studies of reproductive development and its evolution. Using light and scanning electron microscopy, we describe inflorescence and flower development in the African oil palm Elaeis Guineensis from the initiation of the inflorescence meristem to flower maturity. In mature palms, the inflorescence develops over 2‐3 years and is characterized by individual stages within which differentiation may be either relatively slow, as in the case of early inflorescence meristem development, or rapid, as in the case of flower organogenesis. The female inflorescence bears floral triads composed of single pistillate flowers flanked by two abortive staminate flowers, whereas the male inflorescence contains single functional staminate flowers. This suggests a possible evolutionary movement from an ancestral hermaphrodite inflorescence form containing fully functional floral triads to the situation of temporal dioecy observed at present. Wild type flowers are compared to those bearing an epigenetic homeotic abnormality, known as mantled, involving an alteration of the identity of the organs in the fertile and sterile androecium.