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Marcos Gervasio Pereira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Epigeal fauna and soil attributes in a cover cropped organic vegetable system
Ciencia Rural, 2021Co-Authors: Sandra Santana De Lima, Marcos Gervasio Pereira, Derique Biassi, Cyndi Dos Santos Ferreira, Priscila Silva Matos, Lucas Vasconcelos Rocha, Everaldo ZontaAbstract:ABSTRACT: This study assessed the effect of cover crop biomass on the Epigeal fauna of an organic eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) cropping system. A randomized block design was used, with four cover crop treatments: brachiaria, crotalaria, millet, and cocktail (brachiaria, crotalaria and millet). The Epigeal faunal indices were determined at each plot. The Epigeal fauna of a secondary forest site was also assessed for comparison. Epigeal individuals were collected using pitfall traps at two sampling periods (110 and 180 days after mowing cover crops). Soil samples were collected for determination of physical and chemic properties. 2032 individuals were captured in the first sampling and 3806 individuals in the second. The highest values of wealth in the first collection were observed in the millet and cocktail areas. Cluster analysis showed similarity of Epigeal faunal groups between millet and brachiaria plots at the first sampling and between cocktail and crotalaria sites at the second sampling. Co-inertia analysis showed a significant covariance between Epigeal fauna at the second sampling and soil properties. The cover crops management had a beneficial influence on the activity, wealth and ecological indexes, in both sampling periods. The positive association observed between Epigeal faunal groups and soil physical and chemical properties demonstrates the efficiency of cover crops in improving soil quality in organic cropping systems.
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Epigeal fauna associated with the fragmentation of specimens of paubrasilia echinata lam pau brasil
Revista Ecologia e Nutrição Florestal - ENFLO, 2019Co-Authors: Wilbert Valkinir Cabreira, Sandra Santana De Lima, Raissa Nascimento Dos Santos, Douglath Alves Correa Fernandes, Marcos Gervasio PereiraAbstract:The Epigeal fauna acts directly in the biogeochemical cycling through the fragmentation of litter. The objective of this study was to associate the leaf fragmentation process of three different specimens of Paubrasilia echinata Lam (PB1, PB2 e PB3 treatments) with the main components of the Epigeal fauna in different areas of the Botanic Garden of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro in Seropedica, RJ. The litterbags technique was used to evaluate the leaf fragmentation and pitfalls traps to evaluate the Epigeal fauna. For each treatment, 21 litterbags were used, and three were collected in a biweekly period of 210 days and five pitfalls per treatment, being collected in the dry, transition period and rainy season of the year 2016. For all specimens the rate of decomposition was more significant in the first days of evaluation. PB3 treatment had a longer half-life of 338 days. The taxonomic group Formicidae was the most representative in all treatments both in the dry period and in the transition period; in the rainy season, Poduromorpha was the one that presented the best abundance in all the treatments. These results indicate that the relative frequency of the organisms of the Epigeal fauna is directly influenced by the climatic conditions.
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soil physical and chemical properties in Epigeal termite mounds in pastures
Floresta e Ambiente, 2018Co-Authors: Sandra Santana De Lima, Marcos Gervasio Pereira, Gilsonley Lopes Dos Santos, Rafael De Moura Pontes, Anderson Ribeiro DinizAbstract:ABSTRACT We characterized soil physical and chemical properties and soil organic matter in Epigeal termite mounds in pastures to evaluate the changes promoted by termites in comparison to an adjacent area. We selected seven active Epigeal termite mounds in the municipality of Seropedica, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Soil samples were collected from top, center and base positions of each mound, at 0.50 and 1.50 m distance from the base of the mound. We identified individuals of the genus Embiratermes, Velocitermes, and Orthognathotermes. The humin fraction predominated over the humic and fulvic acid fractions both in mounds and adjacent soil. The amount of organic matter and the mineral fractions (mineral-associated organic carbon - MOC) varied among builder species. The studied chemical attributes point to a higher concentration of nutrients in the mounds than in the adjacent soil.
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Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Epigeal Termite Mounds in Pastures
2018Co-Authors: Sandra Santana De Lima, Marcos Gervasio Pereira, Gilsonley Lopes Dos Santos, Rafael De Moura Pontes, Anderson Ribeiro DinizAbstract:ABSTRACT We characterized soil physical and chemical properties and soil organic matter in Epigeal termite mounds in pastures to evaluate the changes promoted by termites in comparison to an adjacent area. We selected seven active Epigeal termite mounds in the municipality of Seropédica, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Soil samples were collected from top, center and base positions of each mound, at 0.50 and 1.50 m distance from the base of the mound. We identified individuals of the genus Embiratermes, Velocitermes, and Orthognathotermes. The humin fraction predominated over the humic and fulvic acid fractions both in mounds and adjacent soil. The amount of organic matter and the mineral fractions (mineral-associated organic carbon - MOC) varied among builder species. The studied chemical attributes point to a higher concentration of nutrients in the mounds than in the adjacent soil.
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Epigeal Fauna and Soil Chemical Attributes in Grazing and Regeneration Areas
2018Co-Authors: Leandro Ribeiro Nogueira, Marcos Gervasio Pereira, Cristiane Figueira Da Silva, João Henrique Gaia-gomes, Shirlei Almeida Assunção, Eliane Maria Ribeiro Da SilvaAbstract:ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of natural pasture and spontaneous regeneration on soil chemical properties and Epigeal fauna community using a secondary Atlantic Forest as reference. The study areas were located in Passa Vinte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. In each study area, pitfall traps were used to sample Epigeal fauna in the dry and rainy seasons. Earth samples were collected at a depth of 0-5 cm in the dry and rainy seasons for analysis of chemical attributes. The pasture and regeneration areas showed an overall activity of Epigeal fauna and functional groups similar to the forest area. However, the diversity evaluated by the Shannon and Pielou evenness indices and the total richness were lower than the observed in the forest. The best fertility attributes were observed in the forest and pasture areas.
Peter Dennis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of varied grazing management on Epigeal spiders harvestmen and pseudoscorpions of nardus stricta grassland in upland scotland
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2001Co-Authors: Peter Dennis, Mark R Young, Christopher BentleyAbstract:Dennis, P., Young, M. R., Bentley, C. (2001). The effects of varied grazing management on Epigeal spiders, harvestmen and pseudoscorpions of Nardus stricta grassland in upland Scotland. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 86 (1), 39-57.
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the response of Epigeal beetles col carabidae staphylinidae to varied grazing regimes on upland nardus stricta grasslands
Journal of Applied Ecology, 1997Co-Authors: Peter Dennis, Mark R Young, C L Howard, Iain J GordonAbstract:1. The effect of different livestock grazing regimes on the insect fauna of an upland, semi-natural grassland was measured in 1993 and 1994 by a survey of the Epigeal Carabidae and Staphylinidae within an experiment established in 1991. Grazing by sheep, or sheep and cattle, to achieve two different inter-tussock sward heights, provided four treatments. In addition, a further treatment was ungrazed from 1992 to test the impact on beetles of a short-term cessation of grazing, trampling and dung inputs. 2. Pitfall traps sampled Carabidae and Staphylinidae within the Nardus stricta-dominated grassland of the experiment. Data on these Epigeal Coleoptera were collected from April to October in 1993 and 1994; years three and four of the experiment. 3. The Epigeal Coleoptera species were ranked by decreasing abundance in traps, where the captures in traps were accumulated for both seasons. The responses to the grazing regimes were analyzed using ANOVA, applied to the most abundant species (that together represented 99% of the two seasons' catch). There were significant experimental effects of grazing regime on five of these 32 Coleoptera species, namely Carabus violaceus, Othius angustus, Pterostichus strenuus, Xantholinus linearis and Olophrum piceum. 4. The ordination technique, Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), was applied to the data on the Coleoptera assemblage. Variables measured to represent the experimental treatments (mean vegetation height, stocking rate and botanical diversity) and environmental covariables (altitude and aspect) were entered in the direct gradient analysis procedure of CCA. This application of CCA partialled out the effects of altitude and aspect of each plot and revealed the significant effects of vegetation structure, botanical species composition and stocking density on a larger number of Coleoptera species than suggested from ANOVA. 5. Twenty-four of the 32 most abundant Coleoptera species correlated with the effects of different grazing regimens imposed on Nardus grassland. Greater abundances of C. violaceus, O. angustus, X. linearis and T. corticinus were indicative of the typical upland grassland and heathland Coleoptera assemblage. These species could be monitored to balance the impact of grazing management on arthropod biodiversity with the need to restrict the dominance of N. stricta in drier upland grasslands, achieved in this instance, by summer grazing sheep and cattle to maintain an average, between-tussock sward height of 6-7 cm. However, the results from the direct gradient analysis suggest that the grazing regimes should be varied in rotation over time to achieve a mosaic of structurally different grassland patches (0.70-4.73 ha) because this encourages a larger overall number of beetle species.
Sandra Santana De Lima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Epigeal fauna and soil attributes in a cover cropped organic vegetable system
Ciencia Rural, 2021Co-Authors: Sandra Santana De Lima, Marcos Gervasio Pereira, Derique Biassi, Cyndi Dos Santos Ferreira, Priscila Silva Matos, Lucas Vasconcelos Rocha, Everaldo ZontaAbstract:ABSTRACT: This study assessed the effect of cover crop biomass on the Epigeal fauna of an organic eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) cropping system. A randomized block design was used, with four cover crop treatments: brachiaria, crotalaria, millet, and cocktail (brachiaria, crotalaria and millet). The Epigeal faunal indices were determined at each plot. The Epigeal fauna of a secondary forest site was also assessed for comparison. Epigeal individuals were collected using pitfall traps at two sampling periods (110 and 180 days after mowing cover crops). Soil samples were collected for determination of physical and chemic properties. 2032 individuals were captured in the first sampling and 3806 individuals in the second. The highest values of wealth in the first collection were observed in the millet and cocktail areas. Cluster analysis showed similarity of Epigeal faunal groups between millet and brachiaria plots at the first sampling and between cocktail and crotalaria sites at the second sampling. Co-inertia analysis showed a significant covariance between Epigeal fauna at the second sampling and soil properties. The cover crops management had a beneficial influence on the activity, wealth and ecological indexes, in both sampling periods. The positive association observed between Epigeal faunal groups and soil physical and chemical properties demonstrates the efficiency of cover crops in improving soil quality in organic cropping systems.
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Epigeal fauna associated with the fragmentation of specimens of paubrasilia echinata lam pau brasil
Revista Ecologia e Nutrição Florestal - ENFLO, 2019Co-Authors: Wilbert Valkinir Cabreira, Sandra Santana De Lima, Raissa Nascimento Dos Santos, Douglath Alves Correa Fernandes, Marcos Gervasio PereiraAbstract:The Epigeal fauna acts directly in the biogeochemical cycling through the fragmentation of litter. The objective of this study was to associate the leaf fragmentation process of three different specimens of Paubrasilia echinata Lam (PB1, PB2 e PB3 treatments) with the main components of the Epigeal fauna in different areas of the Botanic Garden of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro in Seropedica, RJ. The litterbags technique was used to evaluate the leaf fragmentation and pitfalls traps to evaluate the Epigeal fauna. For each treatment, 21 litterbags were used, and three were collected in a biweekly period of 210 days and five pitfalls per treatment, being collected in the dry, transition period and rainy season of the year 2016. For all specimens the rate of decomposition was more significant in the first days of evaluation. PB3 treatment had a longer half-life of 338 days. The taxonomic group Formicidae was the most representative in all treatments both in the dry period and in the transition period; in the rainy season, Poduromorpha was the one that presented the best abundance in all the treatments. These results indicate that the relative frequency of the organisms of the Epigeal fauna is directly influenced by the climatic conditions.
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Fauna epígea associada à fragmentação de folhedo de espécimes de Paubrasilia echinata Lam. (pau-brasil)
'Universidad Federal de Santa Maria', 2019Co-Authors: Cabreira, Wilbert Valkinir, Sandra Santana De Lima, Santos, Raissa Nascimento, Fernandes, Douglath Alves Corrêa, Pereira, Marcos GervasioAbstract:The Epigeal fauna acts directly in the biogeochemical cycling through the fragmentation of litter. The objective of this study was to associate the leaf fragmentation process of three different specimens of Paubrasilia echinata Lam (PB1, PB2 e PB3 treatments) with the main components of the Epigeal fauna in different areas of the Botanic Garden of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro in Seropédica, RJ. The litterbags technique was used to evaluate the leaf fragmentation and pitfalls traps to evaluate the Epigeal fauna. For each treatment, 21 litterbags were used, and three were collected in a biweekly period of 210 days and five pitfalls per treatment, being collected in the dry, transition period and rainy season of the year 2016. For all specimens the rate of decomposition was more significant in the first days of evaluation. PB3 treatment had a longer half-life of 338 days. The taxonomic group Formicidae was the most representative in all treatments both in the dry period and in the transition period; in the rainy season, Poduromorpha was the one that presented the best abundance in all the treatments. These results indicate that the relative frequency of the organisms of the Epigeal fauna is directly influenced by the climatic conditions.A fauna epígea atua diretamente na ciclagem biogeoquímica, através da fragmentação da serapilheira. O objetivo deste estudo é associar o processo de fragmentação do folhedo de três diferentes espécimes de Paubrasilia echinata Lam (tratamentos PB1, PB2 e PB3) com os principais componentes da fauna epígea, em diferentes áreas do Jardim Botânico da Universidade Rural Federal do Rio de Janeiro em Seropédica, RJ. A técnica dos litterbags foi utilizada para avaliar a fragmentação do folhedo e as armadilhas pitfall para avaliar a fauna epígea. Para cada tratamento, utilizaram-se 21 litterbags, sendo recolhidos três destes em um período quinzenal de 210 dias e, cinco pitfalls por tratamento, coletados no período seco, período de transição e período chuvoso do ano 2016. Para todos os espécimes, a taxa de decomposição foi mais significativa nos primeiros dias de avaliação. O tratamento PB3 tem o maior tempo de meia-vida, com 338 dias. O grupo taxonômico Formicidae é o mais representativo em todos os tratamentos, tanto no período seco como no período de transição; no período chuvoso, Poduromorpha é o que apresenta a melhor abundância em todos os tratamentos. Estes resultados indicam que a frequência relativa dos organismos da fauna epígea é diretamente influenciada pelas condições climáticas
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soil physical and chemical properties in Epigeal termite mounds in pastures
Floresta e Ambiente, 2018Co-Authors: Sandra Santana De Lima, Marcos Gervasio Pereira, Gilsonley Lopes Dos Santos, Rafael De Moura Pontes, Anderson Ribeiro DinizAbstract:ABSTRACT We characterized soil physical and chemical properties and soil organic matter in Epigeal termite mounds in pastures to evaluate the changes promoted by termites in comparison to an adjacent area. We selected seven active Epigeal termite mounds in the municipality of Seropedica, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Soil samples were collected from top, center and base positions of each mound, at 0.50 and 1.50 m distance from the base of the mound. We identified individuals of the genus Embiratermes, Velocitermes, and Orthognathotermes. The humin fraction predominated over the humic and fulvic acid fractions both in mounds and adjacent soil. The amount of organic matter and the mineral fractions (mineral-associated organic carbon - MOC) varied among builder species. The studied chemical attributes point to a higher concentration of nutrients in the mounds than in the adjacent soil.
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Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Epigeal Termite Mounds in Pastures
2018Co-Authors: Sandra Santana De Lima, Marcos Gervasio Pereira, Gilsonley Lopes Dos Santos, Rafael De Moura Pontes, Anderson Ribeiro DinizAbstract:ABSTRACT We characterized soil physical and chemical properties and soil organic matter in Epigeal termite mounds in pastures to evaluate the changes promoted by termites in comparison to an adjacent area. We selected seven active Epigeal termite mounds in the municipality of Seropédica, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Soil samples were collected from top, center and base positions of each mound, at 0.50 and 1.50 m distance from the base of the mound. We identified individuals of the genus Embiratermes, Velocitermes, and Orthognathotermes. The humin fraction predominated over the humic and fulvic acid fractions both in mounds and adjacent soil. The amount of organic matter and the mineral fractions (mineral-associated organic carbon - MOC) varied among builder species. The studied chemical attributes point to a higher concentration of nutrients in the mounds than in the adjacent soil.
Divino Silverio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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long term post fire resprouting dynamics and reproduction of woody species in a brazilian savanna
Basic and Applied Ecology, 2021Co-Authors: Leticia Gomes, Fabiane Furlaneto Souchie, Jose Roberto Rodrigues Pinto, Eddie Lenza, Leonardo Maracahipessantos, Marco Tulio Furtado, Leandro Maracahipes, Divino SilverioAbstract:Abstract Resprouting is an efficient life history strategy by which woody savanna species can recover their aboveground biomass after fire. However, resprouting dynamics after fire and the time it takes to start producing flowers and fruits are still poorly understood, especially for the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado biome), where fire is an important driver of vegetation structure and ecosystem functioning. We investigated the resprouting dynamics and production of flowers and fruits of 26 woody species (20 tree and 6 shrub species for a total of 485 individuals) that were burned and the production of flowers and fruits for a subset of 12 species (139 individuals) in an unburned area in a Brazilian savanna. We classified the species’ resprouting strategies as hypogeal (at the soil level, with main stem death), Epigeal (on the main stem or crown), and hypogeal + Epigeal. We used generalized linear mixed-effect models to identify the post-fire recovery patterns for five years. Individuals with basal resprouts (hypogeal and hypogeal + Epigeal resprouting) produced an average of 6 basal resprouts, but only 33% of resprouts survived after five years. Individuals in burned areas produced fewer flowers and fruits than individuals in unburned areas. At least a subset of individuals in all the resprouting strategies started to produce flowers and fruits in the first-year post-fire. About 68% of the species with hypogeal resprouts produced flowers and fruits in the first-year post-fire, but the intensity of flowering and fruiting was lower compared to individuals with other resprouting strategies over time. Although woody species have invested in post-fire growth and sexual reproduction in all resprouting strategies, the long time needed to recover these processes can make these species more vulnerable to frequent fires.
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post fire resprouting strategies of woody vegetation in the brazilian savanna
Acta Botanica Brasilica, 2017Co-Authors: Fabiane Furlaneto Souchie, Jose Roberto Rodrigues Pinto, Eddie Lenza, Leticia Gomes, Leonardo Maracahipessantos, Divino SilverioAbstract:Post-fi re response by vegetation may refl ect the severity of the damage suff ered, but we still know little about the species-specifi c nature of responses to fi re or their predictors. Here, we evaluated 26 woody species before and after a fi re event in an Cerrado sensu stricto area (typical Brazilian savanna-type) in order to evaluate mortality rates and the type of resprouting (Epigeal, hypogeal or Epigeal + hypogeal). We evaluated the relative importance of stem diameter, height, and bark thickness as predictors of the type of post-fi re resprouting, using a sequential logistic regression model (SLRM). Mortality was 4 %, while Epigeal resprouting was recorded in 57 % of the individuals, hypogeal resprouting was recorded in 24 %, and Epigeal + hypogeal resprouting in 15 %. Our SLRM analysis indicated that bark thickness, followed by stem diameter, were the best predictors of the type of resprouting. Th ere was a greater than 60 % probability that individuals with bark thicker than 1.6 cm resprouted only Epigeally. Our results confi rm the resistance (low mortality) and resilience (high resprouting capacity) of the woody vegetation of the Cerrado sensu stricto to fi re, and that thick bark is an eff ective protection against fi re damage.
Mark R Young - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of varied grazing management on Epigeal spiders harvestmen and pseudoscorpions of nardus stricta grassland in upland scotland
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2001Co-Authors: Peter Dennis, Mark R Young, Christopher BentleyAbstract:Dennis, P., Young, M. R., Bentley, C. (2001). The effects of varied grazing management on Epigeal spiders, harvestmen and pseudoscorpions of Nardus stricta grassland in upland Scotland. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 86 (1), 39-57.
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the response of Epigeal beetles col carabidae staphylinidae to varied grazing regimes on upland nardus stricta grasslands
Journal of Applied Ecology, 1997Co-Authors: Peter Dennis, Mark R Young, C L Howard, Iain J GordonAbstract:1. The effect of different livestock grazing regimes on the insect fauna of an upland, semi-natural grassland was measured in 1993 and 1994 by a survey of the Epigeal Carabidae and Staphylinidae within an experiment established in 1991. Grazing by sheep, or sheep and cattle, to achieve two different inter-tussock sward heights, provided four treatments. In addition, a further treatment was ungrazed from 1992 to test the impact on beetles of a short-term cessation of grazing, trampling and dung inputs. 2. Pitfall traps sampled Carabidae and Staphylinidae within the Nardus stricta-dominated grassland of the experiment. Data on these Epigeal Coleoptera were collected from April to October in 1993 and 1994; years three and four of the experiment. 3. The Epigeal Coleoptera species were ranked by decreasing abundance in traps, where the captures in traps were accumulated for both seasons. The responses to the grazing regimes were analyzed using ANOVA, applied to the most abundant species (that together represented 99% of the two seasons' catch). There were significant experimental effects of grazing regime on five of these 32 Coleoptera species, namely Carabus violaceus, Othius angustus, Pterostichus strenuus, Xantholinus linearis and Olophrum piceum. 4. The ordination technique, Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), was applied to the data on the Coleoptera assemblage. Variables measured to represent the experimental treatments (mean vegetation height, stocking rate and botanical diversity) and environmental covariables (altitude and aspect) were entered in the direct gradient analysis procedure of CCA. This application of CCA partialled out the effects of altitude and aspect of each plot and revealed the significant effects of vegetation structure, botanical species composition and stocking density on a larger number of Coleoptera species than suggested from ANOVA. 5. Twenty-four of the 32 most abundant Coleoptera species correlated with the effects of different grazing regimens imposed on Nardus grassland. Greater abundances of C. violaceus, O. angustus, X. linearis and T. corticinus were indicative of the typical upland grassland and heathland Coleoptera assemblage. These species could be monitored to balance the impact of grazing management on arthropod biodiversity with the need to restrict the dominance of N. stricta in drier upland grasslands, achieved in this instance, by summer grazing sheep and cattle to maintain an average, between-tussock sward height of 6-7 cm. However, the results from the direct gradient analysis suggest that the grazing regimes should be varied in rotation over time to achieve a mosaic of structurally different grassland patches (0.70-4.73 ha) because this encourages a larger overall number of beetle species.