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Brian K Hall - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evolutionary Developmental Biology (Evo-Devo): Past, Present, and Future
Evolution: Education and Outreach, 2012Co-Authors: Brian K HallAbstract:Evolutionary Developmental Biology (evo–devo) is that part of Biology concerned with how changes in embryonic development during single generations relate to the Evolutionary changes that occur between generations. Charles Darwin argued for the importance of development (embryology) in understanding evolution. After the discovery in 1900 of Mendel’s research on genetics, however, any relationship between development and evolution was either regarded as unimportant for understanding the process(es) of evolution or as a black box into which it was hard to see. Research over the past two decades has opened that black box, revealing how studies in evo–devo highlight the mechanisms that link genes (the genotype) with structures (the phenotype). This is vitally important because genes do not make structures. Developmental processes make structures using road maps provided by genes, but using many other signals as well—physical forces such as mechanical stimulation, temperature of the environment, and interaction with chemical products produced by other species—often species in entirely different kingdoms as in interactions between bacteria and squid or between leaves and larvae (Greene Science 243:643–666, 1989 ). Not only do genes not make structures (the phenotype), but new properties and mechanisms emerge during embryonic development: genes are regulated differentially in different cells and places; aggregations of similar cells provide the cellular resources (modules) from which tissues and organs arise; modules and populations of differently differentiated cells interact to set development along particular tracks; and organisms interact with their environment and create their niche in that environment. Such interactions are often termed “epigenetic,” meaning that they direct gene activity using mechanisms that are not encoded in the DNA of the genes. This paper reviews the origins of evo–devo, how the field has changed over the past 30 years, evaluates the recognition of the importance for development and evolution of mechanisms that are not encoded in DNA, and evaluates what the future might bring for evo–devo. Although impossible to know, history tells us that we might expect more of the same; expansion of evo–devo into other areas of Biology (ecology, physiology, behavior); absorption of evo–devo by evolution or a unification of Biology in which evo–devo plays a major role.
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the Evolutionary Developmental Biology of tinkering an introduction to the challenge
Novartis Foundation symposium, 2007Co-Authors: Daniel E. Lieberman, Brian K HallAbstract:Recent developments in Evolutionary Biology have conflicting implications for our understanding of the Developmental bases of microEvolutionary processes. On the one hand, Darwinian theory predicts that evolution occurs mostly gradually and incrementally through selection on small-scale, heritable changes in phenotype within populations. On the other hand, many discoveries in Evolutionary Developmental Biology--quite a few based on comparisons of distantly related model organisms--suggest that relatively simple transformations of Developmental pathways can lead to dramatic, rapid change in phenotype. Here I review the history of and bases for gradualist versus punctuationalist views from a Developmental perspective, and propose a framework with which to reconcile them. Notably, while tinkering with Developmental pathways can underlie large-scale transformations in body plan, the phenotypic effect of these changes is often modulated by the complexity of the genetic and epigenetic contexts in which they develop. Thus the phenotypic effects of mutations of potentially large effect can manifest themselves rapidly, but they are more likely to emerge more incrementally over Evolutionary time via transitional forms as natural selection within populations acts on their expression. To test these hypotheses, and to better understand how Developmental shifts underlie microEvolutionary change, future research needs to be directed at understanding how complex Developmental networks, both genetic and epigenetic, structure the phenotypic effects of particular mutations within populations of organisms.
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Tinkering: The Microevolution of Development: Novartis Foundation Symposium 284 - The Evolutionary Developmental Biology of tinkering: an introduction to the challenge.
Novartis Foundation symposium, 2007Co-Authors: Daniel E. Lieberman, Brian K HallAbstract:Recent developments in Evolutionary Biology have conflicting implications for our understanding of the Developmental bases of microEvolutionary processes. On the one hand, Darwinian theory predicts that evolution occurs mostly gradually and incrementally through selection on small-scale, heritable changes in phenotype within populations. On the other hand, many discoveries in Evolutionary Developmental Biology--quite a few based on comparisons of distantly related model organisms--suggest that relatively simple transformations of Developmental pathways can lead to dramatic, rapid change in phenotype. Here I review the history of and bases for gradualist versus punctuationalist views from a Developmental perspective, and propose a framework with which to reconcile them. Notably, while tinkering with Developmental pathways can underlie large-scale transformations in body plan, the phenotypic effect of these changes is often modulated by the complexity of the genetic and epigenetic contexts in which they develop. Thus the phenotypic effects of mutations of potentially large effect can manifest themselves rapidly, but they are more likely to emerge more incrementally over Evolutionary time via transitional forms as natural selection within populations acts on their expression. To test these hypotheses, and to better understand how Developmental shifts underlie microEvolutionary change, future research needs to be directed at understanding how complex Developmental networks, both genetic and epigenetic, structure the phenotypic effects of particular mutations within populations of organisms.
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Keywords and Concepts in Evolutionary Developmental Biology
2004Co-Authors: Brian K Hall, Wendy M. OlsonAbstract:Evolutionary Developmental Biology is one of the most exciting areas of contemporary Biology. The fundamental principle of evolutional Developmental Biology ("evo-devo") is that evolution acts through inherited changes in the development of the organism. Evo-devo is not merely a fusion of the fields of Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, the grafting of a Developmental perspective onto Evolutionary Biology, or the incorporation of an Evolutionary perspective into Developmental Biology. Evo-devo strives for a unification of genomic, Developmental, organismal, population and natural selection approaches to Evolutionary change. It draws from Developmental, evolution, palaeontology, ecology and molecular and systematic Biology, but has its own set of questions, approaches and methods. This volume is a comprehensive reference work for this expanding field. Covering more than 50 central terms and concepts in entries written by leading experts, the book offers an overview of all that is embraced by this sub-discipline of Biology, providing the core insights and ideas that show how embryonic development relates to life-history evolution, adaptation and responses and integration with environmental factors.
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palaeontology and Evolutionary Developmental Biology a science of the nineteenth and twenty first centuries
Palaeontology, 2002Co-Authors: Brian K HallAbstract:A wind of change has swept through palaeontology in the past few decades. Contrast Sir Peter Medawar’s dismissive: ‘palaeontology is a particularly undemanding branch of science’ (as recalled by John Maynard Smith in Sabbagh 1999, p. 158) with ‘Palaeontology: grasping the opportunities in the science of the twenty–first century’, the title of a contribution to a special issue of Geobios by the Cambridge palaeontologist, Simon Conway Morris (1998a). The winds of change have come partly from palaeontologists seeking to broaden the impact of their studies and partly from biologists (neontologists) realizing the contributions that palaeontology can make to their disciplines. Consequently, impressions of past life preserved in stone are coming alive. Fossils are being described and analyzed using new tools and languages as the static fossil record becomes a record of transitions in patterns that can be explained and related to biological, ecological, climatic and tectonic changes. The latest addition is Evolutionary Developmental Biology, or ‘evo–devo’, whose language provides a new basis upon which to interpret anatomical change, both materially and mechanistically. In this review I examine the major contributions made by palaeontology, how palaeontology has been linked to evolution and to embryology in the past, and how links with evo–devo have enlivened and will continue to enliven both palaeontology and evo–devo. Closer links between the two fields should illuminate important unresolved issues related to the origin of the metazoans (e.g. Why is there a conflict between molecular clocks and the fossil record in timing the metazoan radiation; were Precambrian metazoan ancestors similar to extant larvae or to miniature adults?) and to diversification of the metazoans (e.g. How do Developmental constraints bias the direction of evolution; how do microEvolutionary Developmental processes relate to macroEvolutionary changes?).
Ralf J. Sommer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pristionchus pacificus: A Genetic Model System for the Study of Evolutionary Developmental Biology and the Evolution of Complex Life-History Traits.
CSH protocols, 2008Co-Authors: Robbie Rae, Benjamin Schlager, Ralf J. SommerAbstract:INTRODUCTIONPristionchus pacificus is a nematode that has been established as a model system for Evolutionary Developmental Biology. Initially, P. pacificus was used as a convenient nematode with which to compare the processes of vulva and gonad development as well as sex determination to Caenorhabditis elegans, one of the best-studied animal models. P. pacificus shares many features with C. elegans, including a short generation time, its ability to be easily cultured in the laboratory, and self-fertilization as a mode of reproduction. These features allowed forward and reverse genetic tools to be developed for this species. The application of these tools for genetic and molecular analysis of vulva formation revealed substantial differences between P. pacificus and C. elegans. The genome of P. pacificus has recently been sequenced and showed an expansion of protein-coding genes compared with C. elegans. Interestingly, the P. pacificus genome encodes some genes, such as cellulases, that are known to be present only in plant-parasitic nematodes. Many of the putative functions of the predicted genes in the genome are related to the ecology of P. pacificus and other Pristionchus species. Pristionchus nematodes can be isolated from beetles and soil, indicating that the ecology of P. pacificus is strikingly different from that of C. elegans. Generally, Pristionchus species show an unexpected level of species specificity in their beetle associations, providing a unique opportunity to study the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions of organisms in the environment. Thus, P. pacificus is not only an established model system for Evolutionary Developmental Biology, but also an emerging model system for the evolution of complex life-history traits.
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Sex, bugs and Haldane's rule: the nematode genus Pristionchus in the United States.
Frontiers in zoology, 2006Co-Authors: Matthias Herrmann, Werner E. Mayer, Ralf J. SommerAbstract:Background The nematode Pristionchus pacificus has been developed as a satellite organism in Evolutionary Developmental Biology for comparison to Caenorhabditis elegans. Comparative studies have revealed major differences in the regulation of Developmental processes between P. pacificus and C. elegans. To place Evolutionary Developmental Biology and the observed Developmental differences between species in a comprehensive Evolutionary context, such studies have to be complemented with ecological aspects. Knowledge about the ecology of the organism in question might indicate specific environmental conditions that can result in Developmental adaptations and could account for species differences in development. To this end, we have started to investigate the ecology of Pristionchus nematodes. In recent field studies in Western Europe we found six Pristionchus species that are closely associated with scarab beetles and the Colorado potato beetle. This Pristionchus – beetle association provides the unique opportunity to combine research in Evolutionary Developmental Biology with ecology. However, it remains unknown how general these findings from Europe are on a global scale.
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From Evolutionary Developmental Biology to genomics: towards a genome map of the free-living nematode Pristionchus pacificus
International Congress Series, 2002Co-Authors: Jagan Srinivasan, Ralf J. SommerAbstract:Abstract Case studies in Evolutionary Developmental Biology have concentrated on various ontogenetic processes in arthropods, nematodes and chordates. In nematodes, one well-studied process is the formation of the vulva. Cellular, genetic and molecular comparative studies of vulva development between Pristionchus pacificus and Caenorhabditis elegans indicated the existence of multiple changes during the evolution of this process. Besides macro-Evolutionary alterations, the study of more closely related species of the genus Pristionchus showed that several aspects of vulva development differ at the micro-Evolutionary level. To facilitate a more detailed mechanistic understanding of the molecular changes involved in vulval evolution, a genetic linkage map of P. pacificus has been generated, which allows both, macro- and micro-Evolutionary processes to be studied in greater details.
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Towards a microEvolutionary approach in Evolutionary Developmental Biology: Biogeography of the nematode genus Pristionchus (Diplogastridae)
Zoology, 2001Co-Authors: Ralf J. Sommer, Hanh Witte, Isabel SchlakAbstract:The free-living nematode Pristionchus pacificus has been described as a satellite organism for functional comparative studies in Developmental Biology. Like the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, P. pacificus is easily culturable in the laboratory. P. pacificus, is a hermaphroditic species, with a 4-day life cycle, but unlike most nematodes which pass through 4 juvenile stages during their development, P. pacificus has only three juvenile stages. The combination of cellular, genetic and molecular studies has made P. pacificus a perfect model system for studying Evolutionary Developmental Biology. One process that has been studied in detail is the development of the vulva. Genetic and molecular studies have revealed that the function of several genes involved in vulva development differs between P. pacificus and C. elegans. Here, we review our macroEvolutionary comparison between P. pacificus and C. elegans and provide data on the biogeography of the genus Pristionchus. The genus has a world-wide distribution with strains from Northern America, Europe, Madagascar and New Zealand. Sequence analyses of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and mating experiments revealed that the 12 hermaphroditic strains studied, belong to three different species. Strains isolated from Northern America belong predominantly to Pristionchus pacificus, whereas the european strains are members of Pristionchus maupasi and a new species yet to be described.
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Pristionchus pacificus : a satellite organism in Evolutionary Developmental Biology
Nematology, 2000Co-Authors: Ralf J. Sommer, Ilil Carmi, Andreas Eizinger, Kaj Grandien, Benno Jungblut, Kwang-zin Lee, Hanh Nguyen, André Pires-da Silva, Isabel Schlak, Carola B. SigristAbstract:Pristionchus pacificus has been described as a satellite organism, for functional comparative studies with Caenorhabditis elegans. Like C. elegans, P. pacificus is also easily cultured in the laboratory on a lawn of E. coli bacteria. P. pacificus is a hermaphroditic species with a 4-day life cycle, but unlike most nematodes which pass through four juvenile stages during their development, P. pacificus has only three juvenile stages. The combination of genetic, molecular and cell-biological studies have made P. pacificus a model system in the new field of Evolutionary Developmental Biology. One process that has been studied in detail is the development of the vulva. Genetic and molecular studies revealed that the function of several genes involved in vulva development differs between P. pacificus and C. elegans. Here, we review our genetic and molecular studies of P. pacificus. We show that P. pacificus is well-suited as a satellite organism not only for understanding the cellular and genetic aspects of Evolutionary change, but also for addressing questions of molecular evolution at the genomic level. Pristionchus pacificus wurde vor mehrerern Jahren als “Satelitten-Organism” fur funktionelle-vergleichende Studien mit dem Modellorganismus C. elegans beschrieben. P. pacificus ist eine hermaphroditische Art mit einer Generationszeit von 4 Tagen und kann auf E. coli gezuchtet werden. Die Analyse des Lebenszyklus hat gezeigt dass diese Art im Gegensatz zu den meisten Nematoden nur drei Juvenilstadien durchlauft. Da in P. pacificus genetische, molekular-biologische und zellulare Methoden in ahnlicher Weise zum Einsatz kommen konnen wie in C. elegans, ist diese Art ein ideales Modellsystem fur evolutionare entwicklungsbiologische Fragestellungen. Ein besonders detailliert analysierter Entwicklungsprozess ist die Bildung der Vulva. Genetische und molekulare Arbeiten haben gezeigt dass einige in beiden Arten an der Vulva-Bildung beteiligte homologen Gene, sich in ihrer detaillierten Funktion deutlich voneinander unterscheiden. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen Uberblick uber die genetischen und molekularen Aspekte der Vulva-Entwicklung in P. pacificus und zeigt die Potenzen der Art auch fur zukunftige molekulare und genomische Untersuchungen.
Alessandro Minelli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Species diversity vs. morphological disparity in the light of Evolutionary Developmental Biology.
Annals of botany, 2015Co-Authors: Alessandro MinelliAbstract:Background Two indicators of a clade's success are its diversity (number of included species) and its disparity (extent of morphospace occupied by its members). Many large genera show high diversity with low disparity, while others such as Euphorbia and Drosophila are highly diverse but also exhibit high disparity. The largest genera are often characterized by key innovations that often, but not necessarily, coincide with their diagnostic apomorphies. In terms of their contribution to speciation, apomorphies are either permissive (e.g. flightlessness) or generative (e.g. nectariferous spurs). Scope Except for Drosophila, virtually no genus among those with the highest diversity or disparity includes species currently studied as model species in Developmental genetics or Evolutionary Developmental Biology (evo-devo). An evo-devo approach is, however, potentially important to understand how diversity and disparity could rapidly increase in the largest genera currently accepted by taxonomists. The most promising directions for future research and a set of key questions to be addressed are presented in this review. Conclusions From an evo-devo perspective, the evolution of clades with high diversity and/or disparity can be addressed from three main perspectives: (1) evolvability, in terms of release from previous constraints and of the presence of genetic or Developmental conditions favouring multiple parallel occurrences of a given Evolutionary transition and its reversal; (2) phenotypic plasticity as a facilitator of speciation; and (3) modularity, heterochrony and a coupling between the complexity of the life cycle and the evolution of diversity and disparity in a clade. This simple preliminary analysis suggests a set of topics that deserve priority for scrutiny, including the possible role of saltational evolution in the origination of high diversity and/or disparity, the predictability of morphological evolution following release from a former constraint, and the extent and the possible causes of a positive correlation between diversity and disparity and the complexity of the life cycle.
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Grand challenges in Evolutionary Developmental Biology
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 2015Co-Authors: Alessandro MinelliAbstract:EVO-DEVO’S IDENTITY There is a widespread consensus on the view that Evolutionary Developmental Biology (evo-devo) is the discipline eventually borne to fill the gap between Evolutionary Biology and Developmental Biology, following a divorce between these two fields that extended over more than half a century (Amundson, 2005). On closer inspection, however, this broadly acceptable perspective discloses a wealth of questions, if looked at retrospectively, and of potentially divergent possibilities, if looked at prospectively. The slow pace of integration between the different threads that were converging into evo-devo was well expressed by Raff (2000) in a survey of the main issues in this field. Some 15 years ago Raff, one of the discipline’s founding fathers, remarked that “What constitutes the fundamental problems for a science of Evolutionary Developmental Biology (evo-devo) depends on whether the scientist is a Developmental biologist, a paleontologist or an Evolutionary biologist” and drafted a list of at the time hot issues. Evo-devo has answered these questions only in part. However, this discipline is now mature for addressing a number of more precise, and more challenging questions, as I will argue in this article. To date, two sets of problems have been primarily floated in discussions about the identity and research targets of evo-devo. On the one hand are those centered around the (controversial) notions of evolvability, robustness and constraint in connection with the increasing appreciation of the intricacies of the genotype→phenotype map (Alberch, 1991; Altenberg, 1995; West-Eberhard, 2003; Pigliucci, 2010; Wagner and Zhang, 2011). On the other hand are those centered around the notions of origination, innovation, and novelty, the so-called “innovation triad.” To Hendrikse et al. (2007), for example, evolvability is the key issue that justifies recognizing evo-devo as an autonomous discipline. Others, e.g., Muller and Newman (2005), focus instead on the innovation triad. Unfortunately, for all these candidates to core concept of evo-devo, too many alternative definitions have been proposed (or, more dangerously, implicitly assumed), thus adding new items to the dramatically increasing series of biological terms on whose definition there seem to be more and more disagreement. Eventually, we should probably learn to accept that multiple notions associated with each of these terms deserve to be retained and perhaps recognized by adjectival specifications. Similar terminological refinement is applied to other biological terms such as species (e.g., Claridge et al., 1997), homology (e.g., Minelli and Fusco, 2013a), and gene (e.g., Beurton et al., 2000). In discussing the concept of gene in historical perspective, Muller-Wille and Rheinberger (2009) have sensibly recalled Friedrich Nietzsche’s (1887; second essay, para. 13) dictum, that “all concepts in which an entire process is semiotically concentrated elude definition; only that which has no history is definable.” In addition to terminological ambiguity, there is an another problem with the “innovation triad”—the problem that these terms are all framed in terms of “origins.” Framing definitions in terms of origin requires splitting the Evolutionary sequence in two contiguous segments, “before” and “after” the origination of a new feature. This splitting is a natural consequence if origination indeed “refers to the specific causality of the generative conditions that underlie both the first origins and the later innovations of phenotypes” and especially “the very first beginnings of phenotypes, e.g., the origin of multicellular assemblies, of complex tissues, and of the generic forms that result from the self-organizational and physical principles of cell interaction (Newman, 1992, 1994). In contrast, innovation [Evolutionary modes and mechanisms] and novelty [their phenotypic outcome] designate the processes and results of introducing new characters into already existing phenotypic themes of a certain architecture (bodyplans)” (Muller and Newman, 2005, p. 490). This separation, however, is artificial. The better we know a process, the less we are able to identify its exact origins, these instead being determined by arbitrary choice. In science, and especially in biological disciplines with a strong historical dimension such as Evolutionary Biology and Developmental Biology, we should frame questions in terms of transitions rather than origins.
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On the Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Speciation
Evolutionary Biology, 2012Co-Authors: Alessandro Minelli, Giuseppe FuscoAbstract:The mainstream approaches to the study of speciation and clade diversification have extensively focused on genetic mechanisms and ecological contexts, while much less attention has been paid to the role of development. In this paper we provide materials to support the thesis that taking development into the picture of Evolutionary processes can bring important insights on how species multiply and diversify. Evidence that Developmentally entangled Evolutionary factors are important in speciation comes from different lines of investigation that can be broadly grouped under three headings: evolvability, phenotypic plasticity, and phenology. Evolvability enters the scene through the complexity of the genotype-phenotype map, the Developmental link between transmissible genetic information and selectable phenotypes. Phenotypic plasticity can act as a facilitator for speciation, promoting diversification at different stages of the speciation process, as well as generating novel targets and novel trade-offs for Evolutionary processes. The formal inclusion of the Developmental time axis in speciation models widens the scope for investigating the onset and/or reinforcement of reproductive barriers through a range of situations along an organism’s life cycle. Overall, Developmental processes can contribute to speciation and diversification at different stages of the speciation process, at different levels of biological organization and along the organism’s whole life cycle.
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Evolving Pathways: Key Themes in Evolutionary Developmental Biology - Evolving pathways: key themes in Evolutionary Developmental Biology
2008Co-Authors: Alessandro Minelli, Giuseppe FuscoAbstract:Preface Introduction: pathways of change Part I. Thinking about Evolution by Taking Development Seriously: 1. Evo-devo as a discipline Gerd B. Muller 2. Making Evolutionary predictions about the structure of development and morphology: beyond the neo-Darwinian and constraints paradigms Isaac Salazar-Ciudad 3. Conflicting hypotheses on the nature of mega-evolution Wallace Arthur 4. Prospects of evo-devo for linking pattern and process in the evolution of morphospace Paul M. Brakefield 5. The molecular Biology underlying Developmental evolution Claudio R. Alonso 6. Evo-devo's identity: from model organisms to Developmental types Ronald A. Jenner Part II. Evo-Devo - Materials and Methods: 7. A pragmatic approach for selecting evo-devo model species in Amniotes Athanasia Tzika and Michel C. Milinkovitch 8. On comparisons and causes in Evolutionary Developmental Biology Gerhard Scholtz 9. Evolution and development: towards a synthesis of macro- and micro-evolution with ecology Hans Zauner and Ralf J. Sommer 10. When is a hox gene not a hox gene? The importance of gene nomenclature David E. K. Ferrier 11. Plants are used to having identity crises Rolf Rutishauser, Valentin Grob and Evelin Pfeifer Part III. Evolving Diversity: 12. Unravelling body-plan and axial evolution in the bilateria with molecular phylogenetic markers Jaume Bagun..., Pere Martinez, Jordi Paps and Marta Riutort 13. Are transposition events at the origin of the bilaterian hox complexes? Jean S. Deutsch and Philippe Lopez 14. Many roads lead to Rome: different ways to construct a nematode Einhard Schierenberg and Jens Schulze 15. Basal Euarthropod development: a fossil-based perspective Nigel C. Hughes, Joachim Haug and Dieter Waloszek 16. Developmental transitions during the evolution of plant form Jane A. Langdale and C. Jill Harrison Part IV. Evolving Body Features: 17. Urbisexuality: the evolution of bilaterian germ cell specification and reproductive systems Cassandra G. M. Extavour 18. Thoughts and speculations on the ancestral arthropod segmentation pathway Ariel D. Chipman 19. Evolution of neurogenesis in arthropods Angelika Stollewerk 20. Arthropod appendages: a prime example for the evolution of morphological diversity and innovation Nikola-Michael Prpic and Wim G. M. Damen 21. Ontogeny of the spiralian brain Claus Nielsen.
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evolving pathways key themes in Evolutionary Developmental Biology
2008Co-Authors: Alessandro Minelli, Giuseppe FuscoAbstract:Preface Introduction: pathways of change Part I. Thinking about Evolution by Taking Development Seriously: 1. Evo-devo as a discipline Gerd B. Muller 2. Making Evolutionary predictions about the structure of development and morphology: beyond the neo-Darwinian and constraints paradigms Isaac Salazar-Ciudad 3. Conflicting hypotheses on the nature of mega-evolution Wallace Arthur 4. Prospects of evo-devo for linking pattern and process in the evolution of morphospace Paul M. Brakefield 5. The molecular Biology underlying Developmental evolution Claudio R. Alonso 6. Evo-devo's identity: from model organisms to Developmental types Ronald A. Jenner Part II. Evo-Devo - Materials and Methods: 7. A pragmatic approach for selecting evo-devo model species in Amniotes Athanasia Tzika and Michel C. Milinkovitch 8. On comparisons and causes in Evolutionary Developmental Biology Gerhard Scholtz 9. Evolution and development: towards a synthesis of macro- and micro-evolution with ecology Hans Zauner and Ralf J. Sommer 10. When is a hox gene not a hox gene? The importance of gene nomenclature David E. K. Ferrier 11. Plants are used to having identity crises Rolf Rutishauser, Valentin Grob and Evelin Pfeifer Part III. Evolving Diversity: 12. Unravelling body-plan and axial evolution in the bilateria with molecular phylogenetic markers Jaume Bagun..., Pere Martinez, Jordi Paps and Marta Riutort 13. Are transposition events at the origin of the bilaterian hox complexes? Jean S. Deutsch and Philippe Lopez 14. Many roads lead to Rome: different ways to construct a nematode Einhard Schierenberg and Jens Schulze 15. Basal Euarthropod development: a fossil-based perspective Nigel C. Hughes, Joachim Haug and Dieter Waloszek 16. Developmental transitions during the evolution of plant form Jane A. Langdale and C. Jill Harrison Part IV. Evolving Body Features: 17. Urbisexuality: the evolution of bilaterian germ cell specification and reproductive systems Cassandra G. M. Extavour 18. Thoughts and speculations on the ancestral arthropod segmentation pathway Ariel D. Chipman 19. Evolution of neurogenesis in arthropods Angelika Stollewerk 20. Arthropod appendages: a prime example for the evolution of morphological diversity and innovation Nikola-Michael Prpic and Wim G. M. Damen 21. Ontogeny of the spiralian brain Claus Nielsen.
Viviane Callier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The second biennial meeting of the Pan‐American Society for Evolutionary Developmental Biology
Journal of experimental zoology. Part B Molecular and developmental evolution, 2018Co-Authors: Viviane CallierAbstract:Evodevo is concerned with understanding how phenotypes develop and evolve, how organismal diversity is generated and maintained, and how Evolutionary innovations originate. The second Pan-American Society for Evolutionary Developmental Biology (PASEDB) meeting in Calgary, Canada, showcased a great variety of species and study systems, and a variety of approaches to address these questions. Although there were, like at the first PASEDB meeting, many Developmental genetic and genomic studies, much of the work moved beyond comparative Developmental genetics toward more integrative studies that seek explanations at different levels of the organismal hierarchy.
Javiera Chinga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Inaugural meeting of the Pan-American Society for Evolutionary Developmental Biology report: the importance of diversity in a multidisciplinary field
EvoDevo, 2015Co-Authors: Allison Edgar, Javiera ChingaAbstract:We analyze the interdisciplinary state of Evolutionary Developmental Biology based on the diversity of themes, taxa, levels of organization and scientists at the first meeting of the Pan-American Society for Evolutionary Developmental Biology (2015). We first highlight selected presentations representative of three themes: gene regulatory control, Developmental patterning mechanisms, and ecological-Evolutionary-Developmental interactions. We summarize the questions, approaches, and taxonomic sampling of plant and animal research presented at the meeting. Finally, we synthesize themes from the meeting’s panel discussion and workshops on broadening participation, education, and the role of Evolutionary Developmental Biology in the scientific community and its ability to transcend and integrate fields of inquiry.
