The Experts below are selected from a list of 321 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ke-qin Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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molecular mechanisms of Nematode nematophagous microbe interactions basis for biological control of plant parasitic Nematodes
Annual Review of Phytopathology, 2015Co-Authors: Juan Li, Jinkui Yang, Jianping Xu, Xinglai Ji, Xiaowei Huang, Ke-qin ZhangAbstract:Plant-parasitic Nematodes cause significant damage to a broad range of vegetables and agricultural crops throughout the world. As the natural enemies of Nematodes, nematophagous microorganisms offer a promising approach to control the Nematode pests. Some of these microorganisms produce traps to capture and kill the worms from the outside. Others act as internal parasites to produce toxins and virulence factors to kill the Nematodes from within. Understanding the molecular basis of microbe-Nematode interactions provides crucial insights for developing effective biological control agents against plant-parasitic Nematodes. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the interactions between Nematodes and nematophagous microorganisms, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms by which nematophagous microorganisms infect Nematodes and on the Nematode defense against pathogenic attacks. We conclude by discussing several key areas for future research and development, including potential approaches to...
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Molecular mechanisms of Nematode-nematophagous microbe interactions: basis for biological control of plant-parasitic Nematodes.
Annual Review of Phytopathology, 2015Co-Authors: Cheng-gang Zou, Xiaowei Huang, Jinkui Yang, Xue-mei Niu, Ke-qin ZhangAbstract:Plant-parasitic Nematodes cause significant damage to a broad range of vegetables and agricultural crops throughout the world. As the natural enemies of Nematodes, nematophagous microorganisms offer a promising approach to control the Nematode pests. Some of these microorganisms produce traps to capture and kill the worms from the outside. Others act as internal parasites to produce toxins and virulence factors to kill the Nematodes from within. Understanding the molecular basis of microbe-Nematode interactions provides crucial insights for developing effective biological control agents against plant-parasitic Nematodes. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the interactions between Nematodes and nematophagous microorganisms, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms by which nematophagous microorganisms infect Nematodes and on the Nematode defense against pathogenic attacks. We conclude by discussing several key areas for future research and development, including potential approaches to apply our recent understandings to develop effective biocontrol strategies.
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Biological Control of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes by Nematophagous Fungi
Nematode-Trapping Fungi, 2014Co-Authors: Jinkui Yang, Ke-qin ZhangAbstract:Plant-parasitic Nematodes cause severe damage to world agriculture each year. Environmental and health concerns over the use of chemical pesticides has increased the need for alternative measures to control plant-parasitic Nematodes. Nematophagous fungi, a natural enemy of Nematodes, have received most attention in biological control of plant-parasitic Nematodes. This is due to their specific ability to capture and kill Nematodes. Nematophagous fungi are divided into four groups according to their mode of action against Nematodes, and several fungi such as Pochonia chlamydosporia and Paecilomyces lilacinus have been developed as commercial biological nematicides. In this chapter, important Nematode parasitic and antagonistic fungi, and their taxonomy, biology and their mode of action are discussed. Progress in the study of highly virulent fungal strains for Nematode biological control, and application of Nematode-antagonistic agents are also discussed.
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Nematode-Trapping Fungi - Nematode-Trapping Fungi
Nematode-Trapping Fungi, 2014Co-Authors: Kevin D. Hyde, Aung Swe, Ke-qin ZhangAbstract:This chapter provides an overview of the data on Nematode-trapping fungi presented in this book, including their taxonomy, phylogeny and evolution. Four general groups of nematophagous fungi are general accepted and are based on the mechanisms by which they attack Nematodes. These consist of (1) Nematode-trapping fungi using adhesive or mechanical hyphal traps, (2) endoparasitic fungi using their spores, (3) egg parasitic fungi invading Nematode eggs or females with their hyphal tips, and (4) toxin-producing fungi immobilizing Nematodes before invasion. The Nematode-trapping fungi with adhesive or mechanical hyphal traps are the main focus of this book. Fossil Nematode-trapping fungi, and the biodiversity, ecology and geographical distribution Nematode-trapping fungi, including factors affecting their distribution are also addressed. Terrestrial, freshwater and marine habitats are home to Nematode-trapping fungi, but they have rarely been reported from extreme environments. Fungal-Nematodes interactions are also discussed.
Etienne G J Danchin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The transcriptome of Nacobbus aberrans reveals insights into the evolution of sedentary endoparasitism in plant-parasitic Nematodes
Genome Biology and Evolution, 2014Co-Authors: S Eves-van Den Akker, Etienne G J Danchin, C.j. Lilley, Corinne Rancurel, P.j.a. Cock, P.e. Urwin, J.t. JonesAbstract:Within the phylum Nematoda, plant-parasitism is hypothesised to have arisen independently on at least four occasions. The most economically damaging plant-parasitic Nematode species, and consequently the most widely studied, are those that feed as they migrate destructively through host roots causing necrotic lesions (migratory endoparasites) and those that modify host root tissue to create a nutrient sink from which they feed (sedentary endoparasites). The false root-knot Nematode Nacobbus aberrans is the only known species to have both migratory endoparasitic and sedentary endoparasitic stages within its life cycle. Moreover, its sedentary stage appears to have characteristics of both the root-knot and the cyst Nematodes. We present the first large scale genetic resource of any false-root knot Nematode species. We use RNAseq to describe relative abundance changes in all expressed genes across the life cycle to provide interesting insights into the biology of this Nematode as it transitions between modes of parasitism. A multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of N. aberrans with respect to plant-parasitic Nematodes of all groups confirms its proximity to both cyst and root-knot Nematodes. We present a transcriptome-wide analysis of both lateral gene transfer events and the effector complement. Comparing parasitism genes of typical root-knot and cyst Nematodes to those of N. aberrans has revealed interesting similarities. Importantly, genes that were believed to be either cyst Nematode, or root-knot Nematode, "specific" have both been identified in N. aberrans. Our results provide insights into the characteristics of a common ancestor and the evolution of sedentary endoparasitism of plants by Nematodes
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top 10 plant parasitic Nematodes in molecular plant pathology
Molecular Plant Pathology, 2013Co-Authors: John T Jones, Annelies Haegeman, Etienne G J Danchin, H S Gaur, J Helder, M G K Jones, Taisei Kikuchi, R H Manzanillalopez, Juan E Palomaresrius, Wim WesemaelAbstract:The aim of this review was to undertake a survey of researchers working with plant-parasitic Nematodes in order to determine a ‘top 10’ list of these pathogens based on scientific and economic importance. Any such list will not be definitive as economic importance will vary depending on the region of the world in which a researcher is based. However, care was taken to include researchers from as many parts of the world as possible when carrying out the survey. The top 10 list emerging from the survey is composed of: (1) root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.); (2) cyst Nematodes (Heterodera and Globodera spp.); (3) root lesion Nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.); (4) the burrowing Nematode Radopholus similis; (5) Ditylenchus dipsaci; (6) the pine wilt Nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus; (7) the reniform Nematode Rotylenchulus reniformis; (8) Xiphinema index (the only virus vector Nematode to make the list); (9) Nacobbus aberrans; and (10) Aphelenchoides besseyi. The biology of each Nematode (or Nematode group) is reviewed briefly.
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Horizontal gene transfer in Nematodes: a catalyst for plant parasitism
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 2011Co-Authors: Annelies Haegeman, John T Jones, Etienne G J DanchinAbstract:The origin of plant parasitism within the phylum Nematoda is intriguing. The ability to parasitize plants has originated independently at least three times during Nematode evolution and, as more molecular data has emerged, it has become clear that multiple instances of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from bacteria and fungi have played a crucial role in the Nematode's adaptation to this new lifestyle. The first reported HGT cases in plant-parasitic Nematodes were genes encoding plant cell wall–degrading enzymes. Other putative examples of HGT were subsequently described, including genes that may be involved in the modulation of the plant's defense system, the establishment of a Nematode feeding site, and the synthesis or processing of nutrients. Although, in many cases, it is difficult to pinpoint the donor organism, candidate donors are usually soil dwelling and are either plant-pathogenic or plant-associated microorganisms, hence occupying the same ecological niche as the Nematodes. The exact mechanisms of transfer are unknown, although close contacts with donor microorganisms, such as symbiotic or trophic interactions, are a possibility. The widespread occurrence of horizontally transferred genes in evolutionarily independent plant-parasitic Nematode lineages suggests that HGT may be a prerequisite for successful plant parasitism in Nematodes
Lucinda Fulton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The draft genome of the parasitic Nematode Trichinella spiralis
Nature Genetics, 2011Co-Authors: Makedonka Mitreva, Douglas P Jasmer, Dante S Zarlenga, Zhengyuan Wang, Sahar Abubucker, John Martin, Christina M Taylor, Lucinda Fulton, Pat Minx, Shiaw-pyng YangAbstract:Richard Wilson and colleagues report the genome sequence of Trichinella spiralis , a food-borne parasitic Nematode that diverged early in the evolution of the phylum Nematoda. T. spiralis is the most common cause of human trichinellosis. Genome evolution studies for the phylum Nematoda have been limited by focusing on comparisons involving Caenorhabditis elegans . We report a draft genome sequence of Trichinella spiralis , a food-borne zoonotic parasite, which is the most common cause of human trichinellosis. This parasitic Nematode is an extant member of a clade that diverged early in the evolution of the phylum, enabling identification of archetypical genes and molecular signatures exclusive to Nematodes. We sequenced the 64-Mb nuclear genome, which is estimated to contain 15,808 protein-coding genes, at ∼35-fold coverage using whole-genome shotgun and hierarchal map–assisted sequencing. Comparative genome analyses support intrachromosomal rearrangements across the phylum, disproportionate numbers of protein family deaths over births in parasitic compared to a non-parasitic Nematode and a preponderance of gene-loss and -gain events in Nematodes relative to Drosophila melanogaster . This genome sequence and the identified pan-phylum characteristics will contribute to genome evolution studies of Nematoda as well as strategies to combat global parasites of humans, food animals and crops.
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the draft genome of the parasitic Nematode trichinella spiralis
Nature Genetics, 2011Co-Authors: Makedonka Mitreva, Douglas P Jasmer, Dante S Zarlenga, Zhengyuan Wang, Sahar Abubucker, John Martin, Christina M Taylor, Yong Yin, Lucinda FultonAbstract:Genome evolution studies for the phylum Nematoda have been limited by focusing on comparisons involving Caenorhabditis elegans. We report a draft genome sequence of Trichinella spiralis, a food-borne zoonotic parasite, which is the most common cause of human trichinellosis. This parasitic Nematode is an extant member of a clade that diverged early in the evolution of the phylum, enabling identification of archetypical genes and molecular signatures exclusive to Nematodes. We sequenced the 64-Mb nuclear genome, which is estimated to contain 15,808 protein-coding genes, at ∼35-fold coverage using whole-genome shotgun and hierarchal map-assisted sequencing. Comparative genome analyses support intrachromosomal rearrangements across the phylum, disproportionate numbers of protein family deaths over births in parasitic compared to a non-parasitic Nematode and a preponderance of gene-loss and -gain events in Nematodes relative to Drosophila melanogaster. This genome sequence and the identified pan-phylum characteristics will contribute to genome evolution studies of Nematoda as well as strategies to combat global parasites of humans, food animals and crops.
Makedonka Mitreva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The draft genome of the parasitic Nematode Trichinella spiralis
Nature Genetics, 2011Co-Authors: Makedonka Mitreva, Douglas P Jasmer, Dante S Zarlenga, Zhengyuan Wang, Sahar Abubucker, John Martin, Christina M Taylor, Lucinda Fulton, Pat Minx, Shiaw-pyng YangAbstract:Richard Wilson and colleagues report the genome sequence of Trichinella spiralis , a food-borne parasitic Nematode that diverged early in the evolution of the phylum Nematoda. T. spiralis is the most common cause of human trichinellosis. Genome evolution studies for the phylum Nematoda have been limited by focusing on comparisons involving Caenorhabditis elegans . We report a draft genome sequence of Trichinella spiralis , a food-borne zoonotic parasite, which is the most common cause of human trichinellosis. This parasitic Nematode is an extant member of a clade that diverged early in the evolution of the phylum, enabling identification of archetypical genes and molecular signatures exclusive to Nematodes. We sequenced the 64-Mb nuclear genome, which is estimated to contain 15,808 protein-coding genes, at ∼35-fold coverage using whole-genome shotgun and hierarchal map–assisted sequencing. Comparative genome analyses support intrachromosomal rearrangements across the phylum, disproportionate numbers of protein family deaths over births in parasitic compared to a non-parasitic Nematode and a preponderance of gene-loss and -gain events in Nematodes relative to Drosophila melanogaster . This genome sequence and the identified pan-phylum characteristics will contribute to genome evolution studies of Nematoda as well as strategies to combat global parasites of humans, food animals and crops.
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the draft genome of the parasitic Nematode trichinella spiralis
Nature Genetics, 2011Co-Authors: Makedonka Mitreva, Douglas P Jasmer, Dante S Zarlenga, Zhengyuan Wang, Sahar Abubucker, John Martin, Christina M Taylor, Yong Yin, Lucinda FultonAbstract:Genome evolution studies for the phylum Nematoda have been limited by focusing on comparisons involving Caenorhabditis elegans. We report a draft genome sequence of Trichinella spiralis, a food-borne zoonotic parasite, which is the most common cause of human trichinellosis. This parasitic Nematode is an extant member of a clade that diverged early in the evolution of the phylum, enabling identification of archetypical genes and molecular signatures exclusive to Nematodes. We sequenced the 64-Mb nuclear genome, which is estimated to contain 15,808 protein-coding genes, at ∼35-fold coverage using whole-genome shotgun and hierarchal map-assisted sequencing. Comparative genome analyses support intrachromosomal rearrangements across the phylum, disproportionate numbers of protein family deaths over births in parasitic compared to a non-parasitic Nematode and a preponderance of gene-loss and -gain events in Nematodes relative to Drosophila melanogaster. This genome sequence and the identified pan-phylum characteristics will contribute to genome evolution studies of Nematoda as well as strategies to combat global parasites of humans, food animals and crops.
Lifang Ruan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the ditylenchus destructor genome provides new insights into the evolution of plant parasitic Nematodes
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2016Co-Authors: Jinshui Zheng, Donghai Peng, Mengci Xu, Shouyong Ju, Ling Chen, Feng Chen, Lifang RuanAbstract:Plant-parasitic Nematodes were found in 4 of the 12 clades of phylum Nematoda. These Nematodes in different clades may have originated independently from their free-living fungivorous ancestors. However, the exact evolutionary process of these parasites is unclear. Here, we sequenced the genome sequence of a migratory plant Nematode, Ditylenchus destructor . We performed comparative genomics among the free-living Nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans and all the plant Nematodes with genome sequences available. We found that, compared with C. elegans , the core developmental control processes underwent heavy reduction, though most signal transduction pathways were conserved. We also found D. destructor contained more homologies of the key genes in the above processes than the other plant Nematodes. We suggest that Ditylenchus spp. may be an intermediate evolutionary history stage from free-living Nematodes that feed on fungi to obligate plant-parasitic Nematodes. Based on the facts that D. destructor can feed on fungi and has a relatively short life cycle, and that it has similar features to both C. elegans and sedentary plant-parasitic Nematodes from clade 12, we propose it as a new model to study the biology, biocontrol of plant Nematodes and the interaction between Nematodes and plants.
