The Experts below are selected from a list of 2373 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Paul Amyotte - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chapter 15 – Myth No. 14 (Confinement): Venting Is the Only/Best Solution to the Dust Explosion Problem
An Introduction to Dust Explosions, 2013Co-Authors: Paul AmyotteAbstract:Chapter 15 deals with the myth that venting is the only or best solution to the dust Explosion problem. The reality is that dust Explosion Prevention and mitigation are most effectively accomplished by a hierarchical consideration of the various measures available—ranging, in decreasing order of effectiveness, from inherently safer design, to engineered safety (passive and active), to procedural safety. Explosion relief venting is a passive engineered approach to Explosion mitigation. After a brief mechanistic description of the venting process, the basic principles of inherent safety—minimization, substitution, moderation, and simplification, and examples of their application to the field of dust Explosion risk reduction—are given. The hierarchy of safety measures is presented and applied to categorize the basic dust Explosion Prevention and mitigation measures as inherent, passive, active, or procedural (or some combination thereof).
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Chapter 11 – Myth No. 10 (Oxidant): Taking Away the Oxygen Makes Things Safe
An Introduction to Dust Explosions, 2013Co-Authors: Paul AmyotteAbstract:Chapter 11 deals with the myth that taking away oxygen makes things safe. The reality is that while it is true some alternatives are safer than others, nothing is safe. Further, an attempt to remove one hazard can, in fact, introduce another. For example, replacement of oxygen with nitrogen can eliminate a dust Explosion hazard while at the same time introducing an asphyxiation hazard. Case studies are presented to provide industrial examples of the importance of maintaining the integrity of inert gas Explosion Prevention systems. The role of management of change as a key element of overall process safety management is then covered. Examples from the dust explosibility testing literature are also given to further explain why inert gas blanketing—although effective as an Explosion Prevention measure—cannot be viewed as providing an entirely risk-free processing environment.
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Myth No. 18 (Pentagon): Dust Explosion Parameters Are Fundamental Material Properties
An Introduction to Dust Explosions, 2013Co-Authors: Paul AmyotteAbstract:Chapter 19 deals with the myth that dust Explosion parameters are fundamental material properties. The reality is that dust Explosion parameters such as the size-normalized maximum rate of pressure rise, K St , are strongly dependent on material characteristics such as particle size and experimental conditions such as turbulence intensity. Therefore, they are not intrinsic or fundamental material constants. Standardized equipment and test methodologies are available for determining these parameters; these must be followed to generate test data for use with the measures identified in dust Explosion Prevention and mitigation standards.
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application of inherent safety principles to dust Explosion Prevention and mitigation
Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2009Co-Authors: Paul Amyotte, Michael J Pegg, Faisal KhanAbstract:The aim of the current work is to explicitly link the inherent safety principles of minimization, substitution, moderation and simplification with strategies for dust Explosion Prevention and mitigation. A brief review of inherent safety and its basic principles is first given. This is followed by a discussion of various ways in which the dust Explosion hazard can be minimized, substituted, moderated and simplified. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between each inherent safety principle and (i) various dust explosibility parameters, (ii) alternate methods of processing, (iii) selection of process equipment, and (iv) development and implementation of safe-work procedures. Original research results are presented, along with industrial case studies and previously published results that have been reinterpreted in terms of inherent safety and its basic principles. It is anticipated that this research will be of value to industry as a complement to the relatively well-established suite of engineered and procedural dust Explosion risk reduction measures.
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solid inertants and their use in dust Explosion Prevention and mitigation
Journal of Loss Prevention in The Process Industries, 2006Co-Authors: Paul AmyotteAbstract:This paper is a review of the use of inert dusts to reduce the risk of dust Explosions through both Prevention and mitigation schemes. The review is conducted by referring primarily to the research results of the author and his colleagues in this area, with appropriate reference to the work of other researchers. A functional distinction is first made between inerting and suppression by explaining each term within the contexts of Explosion Prevention and Explosion mitigation, respectively. The use of solid inertants is then described in terms of the various inhibitor and situation-specific parameters that can influence their effectiveness. Finally, application examples of the research results are given for research laboratories, test facilities, design engineers, and industrial practitioners.
Faisal Khan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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application of inherent safety principles to dust Explosion Prevention and mitigation
Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2009Co-Authors: Paul Amyotte, Michael J Pegg, Faisal KhanAbstract:The aim of the current work is to explicitly link the inherent safety principles of minimization, substitution, moderation and simplification with strategies for dust Explosion Prevention and mitigation. A brief review of inherent safety and its basic principles is first given. This is followed by a discussion of various ways in which the dust Explosion hazard can be minimized, substituted, moderated and simplified. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between each inherent safety principle and (i) various dust explosibility parameters, (ii) alternate methods of processing, (iii) selection of process equipment, and (iv) development and implementation of safe-work procedures. Original research results are presented, along with industrial case studies and previously published results that have been reinterpreted in terms of inherent safety and its basic principles. It is anticipated that this research will be of value to industry as a complement to the relatively well-established suite of engineered and procedural dust Explosion risk reduction measures.
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An inherent safety framework for dust Explosion Prevention and mitigation
Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings), 2002Co-Authors: Paul Amyotte, Faisal KhanAbstract:Inherent safety is a proactive approach for hazard/risk management during process plant design and operation. Although it offers an attractive and cost-effective methodology for risk reduction, inherent safety has not been used as widely as engineered (add-on) and procedural measures. The current work is an attempt to bring the use of inherent safety principles into the mainstream of process safety management, with particular emphasis on dust Explosion Prevention and mitigation. Existing frameworks for selecting Prevention and protection measures are reviewed. Examples are given of inherent, engineered and procedural safeguards identified in these schemes. A framework is proposed for dust Explosion Prevention and mitigation based on the hierarchy of examining inherently safer options first (i.e. before add-on and procedural safeguards).
Zhang Zhong-zh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mechanical Properties Analysis of a New Type of Tires
Computer Simulation, 2014Co-Authors: Zhang Zhong-zhAbstract:In order to improve tire performance of puncture-proof and Explosion Prevention,a new type of non-pneumatic tire structure based on the load capability of mental springs was put forward in this paper and the structure and working principle of the tire were analyzed in detail. Combined with tire prototype experiments in advance,the properties of the driving and braking work conditions were analyzed by establishing mechanical model and using software of ADAMS and ANSYS. The simulation results and experiment results were analyzed,which validates that the structure is efficient and can provide effective force to strengthen the protection of vehicle.
T.a. Moore - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Low ozone-depleting halocarbons as total-flood agents. Volume 2. Laboratory-scale fire suppression and Explosion Prevention testing. Final report, October 1990-March 1993
1995Co-Authors: S.r. Skaggs, E.w. Heinonen, T.a. Moore, J.a. KirstAbstract:The report gives results from (1) flame suppression testing of potential Halon-1301 (CF3Br) replacement chemicals in a laboratory cup burner using n-heptane fuel and (3) Explosion Prevention (inertion) testing in a small-scale Explosion sphere using propane and methane as fuels. Test equipment and techniques are described. Agent performance is given in terms of the concentration required to achieve flame extinguishment in the cup burner and as the concentration required to achieve Explosion inertion, defined as an explosive overpressure of 1 psi (6.9 kPa) or less. Results are also expressed in terms of weight and storage volume equivalents, reflecting the weight and storage volume of a candidate agent required to achieve the same performance effectiveness as Halon-1301.
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Low ozone-depleting halocarbons as total-flood agents. Volume 1. candidate survey. Final report, October 1990-March 1993
1995Co-Authors: S.r. Skaggs, Robert E. Tapscott, Jonathan S. Nimitz, T.a. MooreAbstract:The volume describes an effort to identify chemical fire protection and Explosion Prevention agents which may replace the ozone-depleting agent Halon-1301 (CF3Br). Available information from the open literature and from industry contacts was collected on approximately 650 halogenated hydrocarbons. Candidate agents surveyed included perfluorocarbons, hydrofluorocarbons, and hydrochlorofluorocarbons as well as selected hydrobromofluorocarbons, fluoroiodocarbons, haloethers, and haloalkenes. On the basis of physical properties, chemical stabilities, toxicities, availabilities, costs, materials compatibilities, fire suppression capabilities, and environmental considerations, 29 chemicals are recommended for laboratory-scale testing as potential fire suppression and Explosion Prevention agents.
Michael Tiemann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ordered mesoporous in2o3 synthesis by structure replication and application as a methane gas sensor
Advanced Functional Materials, 2009Co-Authors: Thomas Waitz, Thorsten Wagner, Tilman Sauerwald, Clausdieter Kohl, Michael TiemannAbstract:The synthesis and characterization of ordered mesoporous In2O3 materials by structure replication from hexagonal mesoporous SBA-15 silica and cubic KIT-6 silica is presented. Variation of the synthesis parameters allows for different pore sizes and pore wall thicknesses in the products. The In2O3 samples turn out to be stable up to temperatures between 450 °C and 650 °C; such high thermal stability is necessary for their application as gas sensors. Test measurements show a high sensitivity to methane gas in concentrations relevant for Explosion Prevention. The sensitivity is shown to be correlated not only with the surface-to-volume ratio, but also with the nanoscopic structural properties of the materials.
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Gas sensor based on ordered mesoporous In2O3
Thin Solid Films, 2009Co-Authors: Thorsten Wagner, Thomas Waitz, Tilman Sauerwald, Clausdieter Kohl, C. Weidmann, Michael TiemannAbstract:Abstract We present the preparation of a semiconductor gas sensor based on ordered mesoporous In 2 O 3 . The In 2 O 3 was synthesized by structure replication procedure from cubic KIT-6 silica. A detailed analysis of the morphology of the mesoporous powders as well as of the prepared sensing layer will be shown. Unique properties arise from the synthesis method of structure replication such as well defined porosity in the mesoporous regime and nanocrystallites with high thermal stability up to 450 °C. These properties are useful for the application in semiconducting gas sensors. Test measurements show sensitivity to methane gas in concentrations relevant for Explosion Prevention.
