The Experts below are selected from a list of 1119 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Kate Van Brussel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification of Novel Astroviruses in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Domestic Cats.
Viruses, 2020Co-Authors: Kate Van Brussel, Vito Martella, Maura Carrai, Edward C. Holmes, Xiuwan Wang, Mang Shi, Julia A. Beatty, Vanessa R BarrsAbstract:Astroviruses, isolated from numerous avian and mammalian species including humans, are commonly associated with enteritis and encephalitis. Two astroviruses have previously been identified in cats, and while definitive evidence is lacking, an association with enteritis is suggested. Using metagenomic next-generation sequencing of viral nucleic acids from faecal samples, we identified two novel Feline astroviruses termed Feline astrovirus 3 and 4. These viruses were isolated from healthy shelter-housed kittens (Feline astrovirus 3; 6448 bp) and from a kitten with diarrhoea that was co-infected with Feline Parvovirus (Feline astrovirus 4, 6549 bp). Both novel astroviruses shared a genome arrangement of three open reading frames (ORFs) comparable to that of other astroviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated ORFs, ORF1a, ORF1b and capsid protein revealed that both viruses were phylogenetically distinct from other Feline astroviruses, although their precise evolutionary history could not be accurately determined due to a lack of resolution at key nodes. Large-scale molecular surveillance studies of healthy and diseased cats are needed to determine the pathogenicity of Feline astroviruses as single virus infections or in co-infections with other enteric viruses.
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distinct lineages of Feline Parvovirus associated with epizootic outbreaks in australia new zealand and the united arab emirates
Viruses, 2019Co-Authors: Kate Van Brussel, Maura Carrai, Carrie Lin, Mark Kelman, Laura Setyo, D Aberdein, Juliana Brailey, Michelle Lawler, Simone Maher, Ildiko PlaganyiAbstract:Feline panleukopenia (FPL), a frequently fatal disease of cats, is caused by Feline Parvovirus (FPV) or canine Parvovirus (CPV). We investigated simultaneous outbreaks of FPL between 2014 and 2018 in Australia, New Zealand and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) where FPL outbreaks had not been reported for several decades. Case data from 989 cats and clinical samples from additional 113 cats were obtained to determine the cause of the outbreaks and epidemiological factors involved. Most cats with FPL were shelter-housed, 9 to 10 weeks old at diagnosis, unvaccinated, had not completed a primary vaccination series or had received vaccinations noncompliant with current guidelines. Analysis of parvoviral VP2 sequence data confirmed that all FPL cases were caused by FPV and not CPV. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that each of these outbreaks was caused by a distinct FPV, with two virus lineages present in eastern Australia and virus movement between different geographical locations. Viruses from the UAE outbreak formed a lineage of unknown origin. FPV vaccine virus was detected in the New Zealand cases, highlighting the difficulty of distinguishing the co-incidental shedding of vaccine virus in vaccinated cats. Inadequate vaccination coverage in shelter-housed cats was a common factor in all outbreaks, likely precipitating the multiple re-emergence of infection events.
Yasuhiro Ikeda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Predominance of canine Parvovirus (CPV) in unvaccinated cat populations and emergence of new antigenic types of CPVs in cats.
Virology, 2000Co-Authors: Yasuhiro Ikeda, Masami Mochizuki, Takayuki Miyazawa, Takeshi Mikami, Kazuya Nakamura, Risako Naito, Eiji TakahashiAbstract:Serological, sequence, and in vitro host range analyses of Feline Parvovirus (FPV) isolates in Vietnam and Taiwan revealed that more than 80% of the isolates were of the canine Parvovirus (CPV) type, rather than Feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV). Although Parvovirus isolates from three Vietnamese leopard cats were genetically related to CPV type 2a or 2b, they had a natural mutation of VP2 residue 300 Gly to an Asp, resulting in remarkable changes in their antigenic properties. These results indicated the possibility that CPV-2a/2b-type viruses can spread in cats more efficiently than conventional FPLV under natural conditions and that CPV-2a/2b viruses are further evolving in cats.
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Comparison of prevalence of Feline herpesvirus type 1, calicivirus and Parvovirus infections in domestic and leopard cats in Vietnam.
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 1999Co-Authors: Kazuya Nakamura, Takayuki Miyazawa, Yasuhiro Ikeda, Takeshi Mikami, Ninh T.p. Nguyen, Dong D. Duong, Khuong H. Le, Son D. Vo, Lam V. Phan, Eiji TakahashiAbstract:: A serosurvey of Feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1), Feline calicivirus (FCV), and Feline Parvovirus (FPV) in cats from Ho Chi Minh City area in southern Vietnam was conducted in December 1998, and we compared the results with our previous results in northern Vietnam (Hanoi area). The positive rate of FHV and FCV in domestic cats were 44% and 74%, respectively. They were rather higher than those in Hanoi area, while the seropositivity of FPV (44%) was similar to that in Hanoi area. In leopard cats, the positive rate of FPV was high (3/4) and it indicated that FPV was prevailing in leopard cats in Vietnam.
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Serosurvey for Selected Virus Infections of Wild Carnivores in Taiwan and Vietnam
Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 1999Co-Authors: Yasuhiro Ikeda, Takayuki Miyazawa, Kazuya Nakamura, Risako Naito, Yasuo Inoshima, Kwong Chung Tung, Ming Chu ChenAbstract:Serum samples from two leopard cats (Felis bengalensis) and four Formosan gem-faced civets (Paguma larvata taivana) in Taiwan, September 1995, and nine leopard cats in Vietnam, August and December 1997, were examined for the prevalence of antibodies against Feline Parvovirus, Feline herpesvirus type 1, Feline calicivirus and Feline immuno-deficiency virus. All civets and nine of 11 leopard cats were shown to have antibodies against Feline Parvovirus (FPV), and FPV's were isolated from mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood of the six leopard cats.
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Isolation of Feline Parvovirus from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of cats in northern Vietnam.
Microbiology and immunology, 1999Co-Authors: Takayuki Miyazawa, Masami Mochizuki, Yasuhiro Ikeda, Takeshi Mikami, Kazuya Nakamura, Risako Naito, Yukinobu Tohya, Eiji TakahashiAbstract:Feline Parvovirus (FPV) was isolated rather frequently from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of cats in northern Vietnam by coculturing with MYA-1 cells (an interleukin-2-dependent Feline T lymphoblastoid cell line) or Crandell Feline kidney (CRFK) cells (a Feline renal cell line). Efficiency of virus isolation was higher in MYA-1 cells than in CRFK cells. Interestingly, among the 17 cats from which FPV was isolated, 9 cats were positive for virus neutralizing (VN) antibody against FPV, indicating that FPV infected PBMCs and was not eliminated from PBMCs even in the presence of VN antibodies in the cats.
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New quantitative methods for detection of Feline Parvovirus (FPV) and virus neutralizing antibody against FPV using a Feline T lymphoid cell line.
The Journal of veterinary medical science, 1998Co-Authors: Yasuhiro Ikeda, Takayuki Miyazawa, Risako Naito, Kyoko Kurosawa, Shinichi Hatama, Chieko Kai, Takeshi MikamiAbstract:Previously, we reported that a Feline T lymphoid cell line, FL74 cells, was very sensitive to Feline Parvovirus (FPV) infection. In the present study, we developed new quantitative methods for detection of FPV and virus neutralizing antibody against FPV using FL74 cells. The methods presented here were very simple and applicable to both canine Parvovirus and Feline panleukopenia virus.
Ildiko Plaganyi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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distinct lineages of Feline Parvovirus associated with epizootic outbreaks in australia new zealand and the united arab emirates
Viruses, 2019Co-Authors: Kate Van Brussel, Maura Carrai, Carrie Lin, Mark Kelman, Laura Setyo, D Aberdein, Juliana Brailey, Michelle Lawler, Simone Maher, Ildiko PlaganyiAbstract:Feline panleukopenia (FPL), a frequently fatal disease of cats, is caused by Feline Parvovirus (FPV) or canine Parvovirus (CPV). We investigated simultaneous outbreaks of FPL between 2014 and 2018 in Australia, New Zealand and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) where FPL outbreaks had not been reported for several decades. Case data from 989 cats and clinical samples from additional 113 cats were obtained to determine the cause of the outbreaks and epidemiological factors involved. Most cats with FPL were shelter-housed, 9 to 10 weeks old at diagnosis, unvaccinated, had not completed a primary vaccination series or had received vaccinations noncompliant with current guidelines. Analysis of parvoviral VP2 sequence data confirmed that all FPL cases were caused by FPV and not CPV. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that each of these outbreaks was caused by a distinct FPV, with two virus lineages present in eastern Australia and virus movement between different geographical locations. Viruses from the UAE outbreak formed a lineage of unknown origin. FPV vaccine virus was detected in the New Zealand cases, highlighting the difficulty of distinguishing the co-incidental shedding of vaccine virus in vaccinated cats. Inadequate vaccination coverage in shelter-housed cats was a common factor in all outbreaks, likely precipitating the multiple re-emergence of infection events.
Uwe Truyen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Real-time PCR protocol for the detection of porcine Parvovirus in field samples.
Journal of virological methods, 2006Co-Authors: Sonja Wilhelm, Pia Zimmermann, Hans Joachim Selbitz, Uwe TruyenAbstract:This report describes a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay with SYBR Green for detection of a broad range of porcine Parvoviruses (PPV) and accurate virus quantification in porcine tissues. The assay targets the VP2 gene of PPV and the porcine genomic c-myc gene for normalization. The detection limit of the SYBR Green reaction was shown to be equivalent to 6 x 10(0) to 6 x 10(1) PPV copies/reaction and the overall detection limit equivalent to 0.1 TCID(50)/100 microl. The assay was linear over a 10(7) dilution range of template concentrations. Other porcine pathogens involved in reproductive disorders such as porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2), porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV), Aujeszky's disease virus (PRV) and other Parvoviruses such as Feline Parvovirus (FPV), canine Parvovirus (CPV), minute virus of canines (MVC) and a human Parvovirus (B19) were not detected by this assay.
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Evolution of canine Parvovirus involved loss and gain of Feline host range.
Virology, 1996Co-Authors: Uwe Truyen, James F. Evermann, E. Vieler, Colin R. ParrishAbstract:Abstract Canine Parvovirus (CPV) type-2 emerged as a new virus infecting dogs in 1978, and it was probably derived as a variant of Feline panleukopenia virus or of a closely related virus infecting another carnivore. CPV type-2 was subsequently replaced in nature by antigenically variant viruses (CPV type-2a and CPV type-2b) which now coexist in dog populations worldwide. We show that CPV type-2 isolates did not replicate in cats, but that both CPV type-2a and CPV type-2b isolates replicated efficiently. About 10% of the viruses isolated from cats with natural Parvovirus disease were antigenically indistinguishable from CPV type-2a or type-2b. The capsid protein gene sequence of a 1990 Feline Parvovirus isolate (“FPV-24”) was essentially identical to the sequence of CPV type-2b viruses from dogs. The loss and reacquisition of the Feline host range in CPV was most likely due in each case to small numbers of changes in a region of the virus capsid where three protein monomers interact.
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characterization of the Feline host range and a specific epitope of Feline panleukopenia virus
Virology, 1994Co-Authors: Uwe Truyen, Mavis Agbandje, Colin R. ParrishAbstract:Abstract The Feline Parvovirus subgroup is comprised of viruses isolated from various carnivores, including the dog, cat, mink, raccoon, Arctic fox, and raccoon dog. Those viruses are >98% identical in their DNA sequences and are very similar antigenically. We have shown that although canine Parvovirus (CPV) replicates in numerous Feline cell lines in vitro it does not infect cats after parenteral inoculation (U. Truyen and C. R. Parrish, (1992) J. Virol. 66, 5399-5408). Here we use recombination mapping to locate some viral determinants required for Feline host range, and show that the ability to replicate in cats was determined by the right-hand 45% of the genome, most likely a function of the capsid protein gene. Efficient replication in the cat appeared to require Feline panleukopenia virus sequences from both ends of the VP2 molecule, which contained differences of VP2 amino acid residues 80, 564, and 568. The difference at amino acid 80 was also associated with expression of an FPV-specific antigenic epitope. The differences which affected the Feline host range were located in a region of the capsid structure where three VP2 molecules interact, and the mutations gave rise to changes in the conformation of loops of the three adjoining VP2 monomers. The mechanism(s) of the in vivo Feline host range restriction were not defined, and we were unable to show in vitro inhibition of virus infectivity by Feline serum components or erythrocytes.
L Tavares - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Virological Survey in free-ranging wildcats (Felis silvestris) and feral domestic cats in Portugal.
Veterinary microbiology, 2012Co-Authors: A Duarte, M Fernandes, N Santos, L TavaresAbstract:To determine the presence of viral pathogens in natural areas a survey was conducted on an opportunistic sample of fifty eight wild (Felis silvestris silvestris) and feral cats (F. s. catus). The biological materials included serum, lung tissue extract and stool. Feline leukemia virus p27 antigen was detected in 13/50 serum/lung tissue extract samples (26%), canine distemper virus antibodies were detected in 2/26 serum/lung tissue extract samples (7.7%), Feline coronavirus RNA was present in 6/29 stool samples (20.7%) and Feline Parvovirus DNA in 2/29 stool samples (6.9%). Canine distemper virus RNA was not detected. Feline immunodeficiency virus and Feline coronavirus antibodies were not detected. Evidence of exposure to Feline leukemia virus, canine distemper virus, Feline coronavirus and Feline Parvovirus was found in wild and feral cats raising the importance of performing a comprehensive survey to correctly evaluate the potential threat of infectious diseases to endangered species, namely to the wildcat and to the Iberian lynx, which is meant to be reintroduced after 2012 in Portugal.
