The Experts below are selected from a list of 80757 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bridget Kelly - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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regulating children s exposure to Food Marketing on television are the restrictions during children s programmes enough
Appetite, 2020Co-Authors: živa Lavrisa, Bridget Kelly, Hristo Hristov, Igor PravstAbstract:Abstract Due to rising global rates of childhood obesity, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended the adoption of policies to restrict children's exposure to the advertising of unhealthy Foods and beverages. In 2017, the Slovenian government introduced regulations to restrict the advertisement of unhealthy Foods and beverages during designated children's television programming. The objective of our study was to assess the impact of these regulations on children's exposure to Food advertising, including during children's programmes and at peak viewing times for children. Using a standardised methodology, we investigated a large sample of 6479 Food advertisements broadcast during 1652 h of television programming between 2016 and 2018 on the five most popular television channels for children aged 4–9 years. Advertised Food products were coded using the WHO Regional Office for Europe Nutrient Profile Model, modified for Slovenia. The average overall frequency of not permitted (unhealthy) Food advertising (±SD; standard deviation) per hour was 2.90 ± 3.22 (2016), 2.66 ± 3.55 (2017), or 2.13 ± 3.04 (2018) ads/h/channel. The frequency of not permitted Food ads decreased to 0.02 ± 0.01 per h/channel during cartoons and other children's programmes in 2018. The new Slovenian Food Marketing regulations have reduced the advertising of unhealthy Foods during children's programmes. However, children's viewership rates are also high outside of this designated programming and, as such, children's overall exposure to unhealthy Food advertising is unlikely to have been reduced considerably by the regulations. Future policy interventions should be planned to cover not only children's programmes but also broadcasting periods that include the greatest numbers of child viewers. The implementation of such policies would be more challenging given that children's peak viewing times often intersect with prime time.
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children s exposure to television Food advertising contributes to strong brand attachments
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019Co-Authors: Bridget Kelly, Lesley King, Emma Boyland, Kathy Chapman, Adrian Bauman, Clare HughesAbstract:Children's exposure to unhealthy Food Marketing is one factor contributing to childhood obesity. The impact of Marketing on children's weight likely occurs via a cascade pathway, through influences on children's Food brand awareness, emotional responses, purchasing and consumption. Thus, building emotional attachments to brands is a major Marketing imperative. This study explored Australian children's emotional attachments to Food and drink brands and compared the strength of these attachments to their Food Marketing exposure, using television viewing as a proxy indicator. A cross-sectional face-to-face survey was conducted with 282 Australian children (8-12 years). Children were asked to indicate their agreement/disagreement with statements about their favourite Food and drink brands, as an indicator of the strength and prominence of their brand attachments. Questions captured information about minutes/day of television viewing and the extent that they were exposed to advertising (watched live or did not skip through ads on recorded television). For those children who were exposed to advertisements, their age and commercial television viewing time had significant effects on Food and drink brand attachments (p = 0.001). The development of brand attachments is an intermediary pathway through which Marketing operates on behavioural and health outcomes. Reducing children's exposure to unhealthy Food Marketing should be a policy priority for governments towards obesity and non-communicable disease prevention.
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junk Food Marketing on instagram content analysis
JMIR public health and surveillance, 2018Co-Authors: Amy Jo Vassallo, Bridget Kelly, Lelin Zhang, Zhiyong Wang, Sarah Young, Becky FreemanAbstract:Background: Omnipresent Marketing of processed Foods is a key driver of dietary choices and brand loyalty. Market data indicate a shift in Food Marketing expenditures to digital media, including social media. These platforms have greater potential to influence young people, given their unique peer-to-peer transmission and youths’ susceptibility to social pressures. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of images and videos posted by the most popular, energy-dense, nutrient-poor Food and beverage brands on Instagram and the Marketing strategies used in these images, including any healthy choice claims. Methods: A content analysis of 15 accounts was conducted, using 12 months of Instagram posts from March 15, 2015, to March 15, 2016. A pre-established hierarchical coding guide was used to identify the primary Marketing strategy of each post. Results: Each brand used 6 to 11 different Marketing strategies in their Instagram accounts; however, they often adhered to an overall theme such as athleticism or relatable consumers. There was a high level of branding, although not necessarily product information on all accounts, and there were very few health claims. Conclusions: Brands are using social media platforms such as Instagram to market their products to a growing number of consumers, using a high frequency of targeted and curated posts that manipulate consumer emotions rather than present information about their products. Policy action is needed that better reflects the current media environment. Public health bodies also need to engage with emerging media platforms and develop compelling social counter-Marketing campaigns. [JMIR Public Health Surveill 2018;4(2):e54]
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unhealthy Food Marketing to new zealand children and adolescents through the internet
The New Zealand Medical Journal, 2017Co-Authors: Stefanie Vandevijvere, Bridget Kelly, Karuna Sagar, Boyd SwinburnAbstract:Aim To assess the extent and nature of unhealthy Food Marketing to New Zealand children and adolescents through the internet. Methods Internet traffic data for January 2014 was purchased from AC Nielsen to identify the most popular websites (n=110) among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years. In addition, websites (n=70) of Food and beverage brands most frequently marketed to children through television, sports, magazines and Facebook were included. Marketing techniques and features on those websites were analysed. Results The extent of Food Marketing on popular non-Food websites was low. A wide range of Marketing techniques and features was, however, identified on Food brand websites, including advercation (87%), viral Marketing (64%), cookies (54%), free downloadable items (43%), promotional characters (39%), designated children's sections (19%) and advergaming (13%). Most techniques appeared more frequently on websites specifically targeting children and adolescents, than on other websites targeting the general public. Conclusion Compared to traditional media, the internet allows Food marketers to use engaging techniques to directly interact with children. While the range of Marketing techniques and features identified on Food brand websites was extensive, the most popular websites among children and adolescents were non-Food related, and the extent of Food Marketing on those websites was found to be low. Additional assessment of Food Marketing to children through social and other digital media is recommended.
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The Impact of Marketing and Advertising on Food Behaviours: Evaluating the Evidence for a Causal Relationship
Current Nutrition Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Jennifer Norman, Bridget Kelly, Emma Boyland, Anne-t McmahonAbstract:The prevention of overweight in childhood is paramount to long-term heart health. Food Marketing predominately promotes unhealthy products which, if over-consumed, will lead to overweight. International health expert calls for further restriction of children’s exposure to Food Marketing remain relatively unheeded, with a lack of evidence showing a causal link between Food Marketing and children’s dietary behaviours and obesity an oft-cited reason for this policy inertia. This direct link is difficult to measure and quantify with a multiplicity of determinants contributing to dietary intake and the development of overweight. The Bradford Hill Criteria provide a credible framework by which epidemiological studies may be examined to consider whether a causal interpretation of an observed association is valid. This paper draws upon current evidence that examines the relationship between Food Marketing, across a range of different media, and children’s Food behaviours, and appraises these studies against Bradford Hill’s causality framework.
Francesca Dillman R Carpentier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Food advertising on television before and after a national unhealthy Food Marketing regulation in chile 2016 2017
American Journal of Public Health, 2020Co-Authors: Teresa Correa, Marcela Reyes, Camila Corvalan, Lindsey Smith Taillie, Francesca Dillman R CarpentierAbstract:Objectives. To study changes in Food advertising on television after Chile’s Food Marketing restriction was implemented in June 2016.Methods. Food advertisements shown between 6 am and 12 am on the...
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prevalence of child directed Marketing on breakfast cereal packages before and after chile s Food Marketing law a pre and post quantitative content analysis
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019Co-Authors: Fernanda Mediano Stoltze, Marcela Reyes, Taillie Lindsey Smith, Teresa Correa, Camila Corvalan, Francesca Dillman R CarpentierAbstract:Food Marketing has been identified as a contributing factor in childhood obesity, prompting global health organizations to recommend restrictions on unhealthy Food Marketing to children. Chile has responded to this recommendation with a restriction on child-directed Marketing for products that exceed certain regulation-defined thresholds in sugars, saturated fats, sodium, or calories. Child-directed strategies are allowed for products that do not exceed these thresholds. To evaluate changes in Marketing due to this restriction, we examined differences in the use of child-directed strategies on breakfast cereal packages that exceeded the defined thresholds vs. those that did not exceed the thresholds before (n = 168) and after (n = 153) the restriction was implemented. Photographs of cereal packages were taken from top supermarket chains in Santiago. Photographed cereals were classified as “high-in” if they exceeded any nutrient threshold described in the regulation. We found that the percentage of all cereal packages using child-directed strategies before implementation (36%) was significantly lower after implementation (21%), p < 0.05. This overall decrease is due to the decrease we found in the percentage of “high-in” cereals using child-directed strategies after implementation (43% before implementation, 15% after implementation), p < 0.05. In contrast, a greater percentage of packages that did not qualify as “high-in” used child-directed strategies after implementation (30%) compared with before implementation (8%), p < 0.05. The results suggest that the Chilean Food Marketing regulation can be effective at reducing the use of child-directed Marketing for unhealthy Food products.
Kathy Chapman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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children s exposure to television Food advertising contributes to strong brand attachments
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019Co-Authors: Bridget Kelly, Lesley King, Emma Boyland, Kathy Chapman, Adrian Bauman, Clare HughesAbstract:Children's exposure to unhealthy Food Marketing is one factor contributing to childhood obesity. The impact of Marketing on children's weight likely occurs via a cascade pathway, through influences on children's Food brand awareness, emotional responses, purchasing and consumption. Thus, building emotional attachments to brands is a major Marketing imperative. This study explored Australian children's emotional attachments to Food and drink brands and compared the strength of these attachments to their Food Marketing exposure, using television viewing as a proxy indicator. A cross-sectional face-to-face survey was conducted with 282 Australian children (8-12 years). Children were asked to indicate their agreement/disagreement with statements about their favourite Food and drink brands, as an indicator of the strength and prominence of their brand attachments. Questions captured information about minutes/day of television viewing and the extent that they were exposed to advertising (watched live or did not skip through ads on recorded television). For those children who were exposed to advertisements, their age and commercial television viewing time had significant effects on Food and drink brand attachments (p = 0.001). The development of brand attachments is an intermediary pathway through which Marketing operates on behavioural and health outcomes. Reducing children's exposure to unhealthy Food Marketing should be a policy priority for governments towards obesity and non-communicable disease prevention.
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effects of nutrient content claims sports celebrity endorsements and premium offers on pre adolescent children s Food preferences experimental research
Pediatric Obesity, 2014Co-Authors: Helen Dixon, Bridget Kelly, Maree Scully, Kathy Chapman, David Crawford, Louise A Baur, P Niven, Robert J Donovan, Jane Martin, Melanie WakefieldAbstract:SummaryWhat is already known about this subject Food Marketing has come under scrutiny for its likely contribution to promoting unhealthy eating and obesity in children. There is limited published evidence regarding the effects of Food packaging promotions on children. Nutrient content claims and sports celebrity endorsements on Food packs influence adults to prefer energy-dense and nutrient-poor (EDNP) products bearing such promotions, especially among the majority who do not read the nutrition information panel. What this study adds This study experimentally tested pre-adolescent children's responses to three common Food Marketing techniques: nutrient content claims, sports celebrity endorsements and premium offers. On-pack nutrient content claims made pre-adolescents more likely to choose EDNP products and increased perceptions of their nutrient content. Sports celebrity endorsements made pre-adolescent boys more likely to choose EDNP products. Objectives To assess pre-adolescent children's responses to common child-oriented front-of-pack Food promotions. Methods Between-subjects, web-based experiment with four front-of-pack promotion conditions on energy-dense and nutrient-poor (EDNP) Foods: no promotion [control]; nutrient content claims; sports celebrity endorsements (male athletes) and premium offers. Participants were 1302 grade 5 and 6 children (mean age 11 years) from Melbourne, Australia. Participants chose their preferred product from a randomly assigned EDNP Food pack and comparable healthier Food pack then completed detailed product ratings. Child-oriented pack designs with colourful, cartooned graphics, fonts and promotions were used. Results Compared to the control condition, children were more likely to choose EDNP products featuring nutrient content claims (both genders) and sports celebrity endorsements (boys only). Perceptions of nutritional content were enhanced by nutrient content claims. Effects of promotions on some product ratings (but not choice) were negated when children referred to the nutrition information panel. Premium offers did not enhance children's product ratings or choice. Conclusions Nutrient content claims and sports celebrity endorsements influence pre-adolescent children's preferences towards EDNP Food products displaying them. Policy interventions to reduce the impact of unhealthy Food Marketing to children should limit the use of these promotions.
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association between Food Marketing exposure and adolescents Food choices and eating behaviors
Appetite, 2012Co-Authors: Maree Scully, Melanie Wakefield, Philippa Niven, Kathy Chapman, David Crawford, Iain S Pratt, Louise A Baur, Victoria M Flood, Belinda MorleyAbstract:The present study examined associations between Food Marketing exposure and adolescents’ Food choices and reported consumption of energy-dense and nutrient-poor (EDNP) Foods. A cross-sectional survey of 12,188 Australian secondary students aged 12–17 years was conducted, using a web-based self-report questionnaire. Measures included students’ level of exposure to commercial television and non-broadcast types of Food Marketing, whether they had tried a new product or requested a product they had seen advertised, and their reported consumption of fast Food, sugary drinks and sweet and salty snacks. Results indicated greater exposure to commercial television, print/transport/school Food Marketing and digital Food Marketing were all independently associated with students’ Food choices. High commercial television viewers (>2 h/day) were more likely to report higher consumption of EDNP Foods (ORs ranged from 1.31 for fast Food to 1.91 for sweet snacks). Some associations between digital Food Marketing exposure and students’ eating behaviors were found; however, print/transport/school Food Marketing was only related to sweet snack consumption. These study results suggest that cumulative exposure to television Food advertising and other Food Marketing sources are positively linked to adolescents’ Food choices and eating behaviors. Policy changes to restrict Food Marketing to young people should include both television and non-broadcast media.
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industry self regulation of television Food advertising responsible or responsive
Pediatric Obesity, 2011Co-Authors: Lesley King, Lana Hebden, Bridget Kelly, Kathy Chapman, Anne Grunseit, Kamalesh VenugopalAbstract:Introduction. This study evaluated the impact of the Australian Food and Grocery Council (AFGC) self-regulatory initiative on unhealthy Food Marketing to children, introduced in January 2009. The s...
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internet Food Marketing on popular children s websites and Food product websites in australia
Public Health Nutrition, 2008Co-Authors: Bridget Kelly, Katarzyna Bochynska, Kelly Kornman, Kathy ChapmanAbstract:Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe the nature and extent of Food Marketing on popular children's websites and Food product websites in Australia. Methods: Food product websites (n 119) and popular children's websites (n 196) were selected based on website traffic data and previous research on frequently marketed Food brands. Coding instruments were developed to capture Food Marketing techniques. All references to Food on popular children's websites were also classified as either branded or non-branded and according to Food categories. Results: Websites contained a range of Marketing features. On Food product websites these Marketing features included branded education (79·0% of websites), competitions (33·6%), promotional characters (35·3%), downloadable items (35·3%), branded games (28·6%) and designated children's sections (21-8%). Food references on popular children's websites were strongly skewed towards unhealthy Foods (60-8% v. 39-2% healthy Food references; P<0·001), with three times more branded Food references for unhealthy Foods. Branded Food references displayed similar Marketing features to those identified on Food product websites. Conclusions: Internet Food Marketing uses a range of techniques to ensure that children are immersed in brand-related information and activities for extended periods, thereby increasing brand familiarity and exposure. The relatively unregulated Marketing environment and increasing use of the Internet by children point to the potential increase in Food Marketing via this medium. Further research is required to investigate the impact of Internet Food Marketing on children's Food preferences and consumption, and regulatory options to protect children.
Jennifer L Harris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Food Marketing to children in the united states can industry voluntarily do the right thing for children s health
Physiology & Behavior, 2020Co-Authors: Frances Flemingmilici, Jennifer L HarrisAbstract:Food Marketing is a major contributor to high rates of obesity and diet-related disease among children. Researchers, advocates, and policymakers have called for improvements in the nutrition quality of Foods marketed to children to improve children's health. In the United States, for over 10 years, the Food and beverage industry has responded with self-regulatory initiatives, touting the success of these efforts. However, public health researchers have documented very limited improvements. As a product of conference proceedings, we briefly summarize US self-regulation of Food and beverage Marketing to children, argue that reliance on industry self-regulation limits meaningful change, and explain why existing Food companies cannot market truly healthy Foods to children. After over a decade of self-regulation, industry continues to exploit loopholes and bombard children with Marketing for Foods that can negatively impact their health. Still, the political will to advocate for effective government regulation remains a challenge. Shifts in parents' attitudes toward supporting policies to protect children from Food Marketing and local government actions to improve the Food environment are promising indicators of increasing demand for action. However, sustained and well-publicized research and advocacy are necessary to generate broader support to enact such policies at the state and federal level in order to effectively address this public health crisis.
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nutritional quality of Foods and non alcoholic beverages advertised on mexican television according to three nutrient profile models
BMC Public Health, 2016Co-Authors: Sofia Rincongallardo Patino, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Jennifer L Harris, Lizbeth Tolentinomayo, Eric A Monterrubio, Juan A Rivera, Simon BarqueraAbstract:Background Evidence supports that television Food advertisements influence children’s Food preferences and their consumption. However, few studies have examined the extent and nature of Food Marketing to children in low and middle income countries. This study aims to assess the nutritional quality of Foods and beverages advertised on Mexican TV, applying the Mexican, World Health Organization (WHO) European and United Kingdom (UKNPM) nutrient profile models, before the Mexican regulation on Food Marketing came into effect.
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Food Marketing expenditures aimed at youth putting the numbers in context
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: Lisa M Powell, Jennifer L Harris, Tracy FoxAbstract:In response to concerns about childhood obesity, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) released two reports documenting Food and beverage Marketing expenditures to children and adolescents. The recently released 2012 report found an inflation-adjusted 19.5% reduction in Marketing expenditures targeted to youth from $2.1 billion in 2006 to $1.8 billion in 2009. The current article highlights features of the FTC's analysis, examines how expenditures relate to youth exposure to Food Marketing, and assesses changes in the nutritional content of marketed products. Of the $304.0 million decline in expenditures, $117.8 million (38.7%) was from a decline in premium (i.e., restaurant children's meal toys) expenditures rather than direct Marketing. Although inflation-adjusted TV expenditures fell by 19.4%, children and teens still see 12-16 TV advertisements (ads)/day for products generally high in saturated fat, sugar, or sodium. In addition, newer digital forms of unhealthy Food and beverage Marketing to youths are increasing; the FTC reported an inflation-adjusted 50.7% increase in new media Marketing expenditures. The self-regulatory Children's Food and Beverage Advertising Initiative (CFBAI) is limited in scope and effectiveness: expenditures increased for many noncovered Marketing techniques (i.e., product placement, movie/video, cross-promotion licenses, athletic sponsorship, celebrity fees, events, philanthropy, and other); only two restaurants are members of CFBAI, and nonpremium restaurant Marketing expenditures were up by $86.0 million (22.5% inflation-adjusted increase); industry pledges do not protect children aged >11 years, and some Marketing appears to have shifted to older children; and, nutritional content remains poor. Continued monitoring of and improvements to Food Marketing to youth are needed.
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an analysis of the content of Food industry pledges on Marketing to children
Public Health Nutrition, 2011Co-Authors: Corinna Hawkes, Jennifer L HarrisAbstract:ObjectiveTo identify pledges made by the Food industry to change Food Marketing to children worldwide, examine their content and discuss their potential to reduce the harmful effects of Food Marketing to children.DesignA search for pledges and specific commitments made by participating companies and a content analysis of their scope and criteria used to define the Marketing covered or excluded.SettingGlobal.SubjectsFood industry pledges.ResultsBetween 2005 and 2009, the Food industry developed thirteen pledges on Food Marketing to children, involving fifty-two Food companies. Two of the pledges were global, two were regional and nine applied to specific countries. Three were specific to the soft drinks industry and to the fast-Food industry, with the rest being Food industry wide. Ten of the pledges required companies to publish individual commitments; a total of eighty-two such commitments were published, many of which extended beyond the minimum standards set in the pledges. All pledges included definitions of children and child-targeted media, as well as the communication channels and Marketing techniques covered, and permitted companies to set criteria for Foods that are exempted from any restrictions. There were many similarities between the pledges and individual commitments; however, there were also many differences.ConclusionsThe development of pledges on Food Marketing to children in such a short span of time is impressive. However, limitations and inconsistencies in the pledges and commitments suggest that the Food industry has a long way to go if its pledges are to comprehensively reduce the exposure and power of Marketing to children.
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the Food Marketing defense model integrating psychological research to protect youth and inform public policy
Social Issues and Policy Review, 2009Co-Authors: Jennifer L Harris, Kelly D Brownell, John A BarghAbstract:Marketing practices that promote calorie-dense, nutrient-poor Foods directly to children and adolescents present significant public health risk. Worldwide, calls for government action and industry change to protect young people from the negative effects of Food Marketing have increased. Current proposals focus on restricting television advertising to children under 12 years old, but current psychological models suggest that much more is required. All forms of Marketing pose considerable risk; adolescents are also highly vulnerable; and Food Marketing may produce far-reaching negative health outcomes. We propose a Food Marketing defense model that posits four necessary conditions to effectively counter harmful Food Marketing practices: awareness, understanding, ability and motivation to resist. A new generation of psychological research is needed to examine each of these processes, including the psychological mechanisms through which Food Marketing affects young people, to identify public policy that will effectively protect them from harmful influence.
Corinna Hawkes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an analysis of the content of Food industry pledges on Marketing to children
Public Health Nutrition, 2011Co-Authors: Corinna Hawkes, Jennifer L HarrisAbstract:ObjectiveTo identify pledges made by the Food industry to change Food Marketing to children worldwide, examine their content and discuss their potential to reduce the harmful effects of Food Marketing to children.DesignA search for pledges and specific commitments made by participating companies and a content analysis of their scope and criteria used to define the Marketing covered or excluded.SettingGlobal.SubjectsFood industry pledges.ResultsBetween 2005 and 2009, the Food industry developed thirteen pledges on Food Marketing to children, involving fifty-two Food companies. Two of the pledges were global, two were regional and nine applied to specific countries. Three were specific to the soft drinks industry and to the fast-Food industry, with the rest being Food industry wide. Ten of the pledges required companies to publish individual commitments; a total of eighty-two such commitments were published, many of which extended beyond the minimum standards set in the pledges. All pledges included definitions of children and child-targeted media, as well as the communication channels and Marketing techniques covered, and permitted companies to set criteria for Foods that are exempted from any restrictions. There were many similarities between the pledges and individual commitments; however, there were also many differences.ConclusionsThe development of pledges on Food Marketing to children in such a short span of time is impressive. However, limitations and inconsistencies in the pledges and commitments suggest that the Food industry has a long way to go if its pledges are to comprehensively reduce the exposure and power of Marketing to children.
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Agro-Food industry growth and obesity in China: what role for regulating Food advertising and promotion and nutrition labelling?
Obesity Reviews, 2008Co-Authors: Corinna HawkesAbstract:Summary Taking a Food supply chain approach, this paper examines the regulation of Food Marketing and nutrition labelling as strategies to help combat obesity in China in an era of rapid agro-Food industry growth. China is the largest Food producer and consumer in the world. Since the early 1980s, the agro-Food industry has undergone phenomenal expansion throughout the Food supply chain, from agricultural production to trade, agro-Food processing to Food retailing, and from Food service to advertising and promotion. This industry growth, alongside related socioeconomic changes and government policies, has encouraged a ‘nutrition transition’. China's population, especially in urban areas, is now consuming significantly more energy from dietary fat, which is leading to higher rates of obesity. Regulation of Food advertising and promotion and nutrition labelling has the potential to help prevent the further growth of obesity in China and encourage the agro-Food industry to supplier healthier Foods. Government legislation and guidance, as well as self-regulation and voluntary initiatives, are needed to reduce children's exposure to Food advertising and promotion, and increase the effectiveness of nutrition labelling. Policies on Food Marketing and nutrition labelling should be adapted to the China context, and accompanied by further action throughout the Food supply chain. Given China's unique characteristics and position in the world today, there is an opportunity for the government and the agro-Food industry to lead the world by creating a balanced, health promoting model of complementary legislation and industry action.
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regulating and litigating in the public interest regulating Food Marketing to young people worldwide trends and policy drivers
American Journal of Public Health, 2007Co-Authors: Corinna HawkesAbstract:The pressure to regulate the Marketing of high-energy, nutrient-poor Foods to young people has been mounting in light of concern about rising worldwide levels of overweight and obesity.In 2004, the World Health Organization called on governments, industry, and civil society to act to reduce unhealthy Marketing messages. Since then, important changes have taken place in the global regulatory environment regarding the Marketing of Food to young people. Industry has developed self-regulatory approaches, civil society has campaigned for statutory restrictions, and governments have dealt with a range of regulatory proposals.Still, there have been few new regulations that restrict Food Marketing to young people. Despite calls for evidence-based policy, new regulatory developments appear to have been driven less by evidence than by ethics.
