The Experts below are selected from a list of 4572 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
David F Horrobin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Protective Effect of Gamma-Linolenic Acid on Aspirin-Induced Gastric Hemorrhage in Rats
Digestion, 2009Co-Authors: Y.s. Huang, R. Drummond, David F HorrobinAbstract:The effects of feeding with Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA) in comparison with linoleic Acid on aspirin-induced gastric hemorrhage were studied in the rat. Gastric damage was examined macroscopically and h
-
The effects of Gamma-Linolenic Acid on breast pain and diabetic neuropathy: possible non-eicosanoid mechanisms.
Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 2004Co-Authors: David F HorrobinAbstract:Abstract Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA) has recently been found to be beneficial in the management of breast pain and of diabetic neuropathy. GLA is a precursor of unsaturated fatty Acids which are important in membrane structures, as second messengers in their own right and as precursors of eicosanoids. While the mechanisms of GLA action are likely to be complex, non-eicosanoid effects are probably of substantial importance. These effects include modification of membrane fluidity and of the functions of lipid-associated receptors and changes in the inositol cycle.
-
Gamma Linolenic Acid Regulates Expression of Maspin and the Motility of Cancer Cells
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1997Co-Authors: Wen Guo Jiang, Stephen Edward Hiscox, Richard P. Bryce, David F Horrobin, Robert E. ManselAbstract:Abstract Maspin, mammary serine protease inhibitor, is a recently identified tumour suppressor and has a profound effect on cell motility. This study examined the effect of Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA), an essential fatty Acid (EFA) with anticancer properties, on the expression of maspin and motility of cancer cells. Six human cell lines including colon cancer, mammary cancer, and melanoma were used. Expression of maspin protein was determined by immunocytochemistry & Western blotting. Maspin mRNA was detected with reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). Four of the six cell types expressed maspin with MDA MB 231 and ECV304 (endothelial cell) being negative. Treatment of these maspin positive cells with Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA) resulted in a concentration dependent stimulation of the expression of maspin protein with the effects seen as early as 4 hours. Linoleic Acid had an inhibitory effects. Alpha Linolenic Acid and arachidonic Acid had no significant effect. The mRNA levels from cells treated with GLA was seen to increase as shown by RT-PCR. Cell motility, monitored with time-lapse video recording and Hoffmann microscopy, showed a marked reduction in terms of spreading and migration on extracellular matrix coated surface. This reduction was reversed with anti-maspin antibody. It is concluded that GLA, a member of then-6 series of EFAs, up-regulates the expression of maspin which is associated with a reduction in the motility of cancer cells.
-
Inhibition of membrane ruffling and ezrin translocation by Gamma Linolenic Acid.
International Journal of Oncology, 1996Co-Authors: Wen Guo Jiang, Stephen Edward Hiscox, Richard P. Bryce, M. C. A. Puntis, Robert E. Mansel, David F Horrobin, Maurice Bartlett HallettAbstract:Membrane ruffling of a tumour cell is correlated with its motile and metastatic behaviour. This study examined the effect of Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA), an anti-cancer agent, on HGF/SF induced membrane ruffling in the human cancer cell line, HT115. HGF induced a rapid appearance of membrane ruffling which was related to increased motility and the tyrosine phosphorylation and translocation of ezrin, a membrane-cytoskeleton linker protein. The presence of GLA significantly inhibited both the membrane ruffling and cell motility of the tumour cells, at sub-toxic concentrations. Western blotting revealed that the tyrosine phosphorylation of ezrin was inhibited by GLA. The translocation ezrin from cytosol and generalised areas of cell membrane to ruffled areas of the membrane induced by HGF/SF was also inhibited as shown by both indirect immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. It is concluded that GLA inhibits HGF/SF induced membrane ruffling via its effect on ezrin, and this provides a further molecular explanation for the anti-tumour action of GLA.
-
Exogenous Gamma-Linolenic Acid alters hormone stimulated cyclic AMP levels in U937 cells.
Cancer letters, 1996Co-Authors: R C Cantrill, P P Patterson, G W Ells, David F HorrobinAbstract:Polyunsaturated fatty Acids are selectively cytotoxic in culture. Incorporation of these fatty Acids leads to profound changes in membrane fatty Acid composition which in turn may alter the activity of transmembrane receptor/effector systems. In U937 cells, hormone stimulated production of cyclic AMP can be reduced by 30% following incubation with Gamma-Linolenic Acid (18:3n-6). It is suggested that beta-adrenoreceptor number, subtype and adenylyl cyclase stimulation may be regulated by alterations in membrane fatty Acid composition as a result of changes in the levels of polyunsaturated fatty Acids and alterations in eicosanoid production.
Stephan Lautenschlager - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Gamma-Linolenic Acid Levels Correlate with Clinical Efficacy of Evening Primrose Oil in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
Advances in Therapy, 2014Co-Authors: Dagmar Simon, Siegfried Borelli, Roland Kägi, Catherine Zahner, Jürgen Drewe, Lorenzo Hess, Christian Zimmermann, Giovanni Ferrari, Peter A. Eng, Stephan LautenschlagerAbstract:Introduction Atopic dermatitis (AD) has been related to a deficiency of delta-6-desaturase, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of linoleic Acid to Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA). Evening primrose oil (EPO) contains high amounts of GLA. Therefore, this study investigated whether EPO supplementation results in an increase in plasma GLA and its metabolite dihomo-Gamma-Linolenic Acid (DGLA) correlating with clinical improvement of AD, assessed by the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index. Methods The open study included 21 patients with AD. EPO (4–6 g) was administered daily for 12 weeks. Before treatment, and 4 and 12 weeks after initiation of EPO supplementation, objective SCORAD was assessed and plasma concentrations of GLA and DGLA were determined by gas chromatography. Results A significant increase in plasma GLA and DGLA levels and a decrease in the objective SCORAD were observed 4 and 12 weeks after initiation of EPO treatment. In the per-protocol population ( n = 14), a significant inverse correlation between the changes in plasma GLA levels and SCORAD was found ( P = 0.008). Conclusion The clinical disease activity under EPO treatment correlates with the individual increase in plasma GLA levels. Thus, the results of this pilot study indicate that an increase in plasma GLA might be used as predictive parameter for responsiveness of AD to EPO therapy.
-
Gamma-Linolenic Acid levels correlate with clinical efficacy of evening primrose oil in patients with atopic dermatitis.
Advances in Therapy, 2014Co-Authors: Dagmar Simon, Siegfried Borelli, Roland Kägi, Catherine Zahner, Jürgen Drewe, Lorenzo Hess, Christian Zimmermann, Giovanni Ferrari, Stephan LautenschlagerAbstract:Introduction Atopic dermatitis (AD) has been related to a deficiency of delta-6-desaturase, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of linoleic Acid to Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA). Evening primrose oil (EPO) contains high amounts of GLA. Therefore, this study investigated whether EPO supplementation results in an increase in plasma GLA and its metabolite dihomo-Gamma-Linolenic Acid (DGLA) correlating with clinical improvement of AD, assessed by the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index.
Huw Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Genetic manipulation of Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA) synthesis in a commercial variety of evening primrose (Oenothera sp.).
Plant Biotechnology Journal, 2004Co-Authors: Emilio Mendoza De Gyves, Olga Sayanova, Caroline A. Sparks, Johnathan A Napier, Paul A. Lazzeri, Huw JonesAbstract:: A robust Agrobacterium-mediated transformation procedure was developed for Rigel, a commercial cultivar of evening primrose, and used to deliver a cDNA encoding a Delta(6)-desaturase from borage under the control of a cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter. Analysis of the transformed plants demonstrated an altered profile of polyunsaturated fatty Acids, with an increase in Gamma-Linolenic Acid and octadecatetraenoic Acid in leaf tissues when compared with control lines.
Brian R. Birch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Intravesical Meglumine Gamma-Linolenic Acid in Superficial Bladder Cancer: An Efficacy Study
European Urology, 2002Co-Authors: N.m. Harris, T.j. Crook, J. P. Dyer, L.z. Solomon, Paul Bass, Alan J. Cooper, Brian R. BirchAbstract:Abstract Objectives: Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA) is known to be cytotoxic to malignant cells. We assessed the efficacy of the novel intravesical formulation, meglumine Gamma-Linolenic Acid (MeGLA), in a phase II trial, in patients with recurrent, superficial bladder cancer. Patients and Methods: Thirty patients with recurrent, superficial transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) were recruited. The tumour pattern was recorded at flexible cystoscopy. Patients received a single intravesical instillation of 50ml of either 50mg (1mg/ml) (15 patients), or 125mg (2.5mg/ml) (15 patients) of MeGLA in water, retained for one hour. At subsequent cystoscopy, the tumour patterns were recorded, prior to undertaking routine cystodiathermy. Biopsies were obtained for histological assessment. Responses were divided into complete, partial or none. Results: All 30 patients retained the drug for 1 hour without significant local or systemic side effects. There were 4 (13%) complete responses, 9 (30%) partial responses, and 17 (57%) non-responders. Histology showed no evidence of damage to surrounding urothelium. Conclusions: Our data confirms the safety and tolerability of MeGLA, which is consistent with findings from a previous phase I trial. A response rate of 43% also indicates that MeGLA has a significant cytotoxic effect against TCC and the results are similar to those obtained using standard, single-dose, intravesical regimens.
-
INTRAVESICAL CHEMOTHERAPY WITH Gamma Linolenic Acid BECOMES A REALISTIC PROSPECT IN SERUM-FREE APPLICATIONS: IN VITRO CYTOTOXICITY AND SYSTEMIC ABSORPTION STUDIES
The Journal of Urology, 1998Co-Authors: L.z. Solomon, Alan J. Cooper, A.m. Jennings, Peter Sharpe, Brian R. BirchAbstract:AbstractPurpose: To assess the cytotoxicity of Meglumine Gamma Linolenic Acid (MeGLA) in serum-free application on 2 urothelial cancer cell lines, to examine whether the instant kill action of MeGLA is retained in a serum free environment, and to study the pharmacokinetics of intravesical instillation of Gamma Linolenic Acid (GLA).Materials and Methods: The 2 human urothelial cancer lines (MGH-U1 & RT112) were utilized in classical cytotoxicity assays in which drug exposure lasted 2 hours in serum or in serum-free application. The thiozolyl blue (MTT) assay was used to quantify the residual viable biomass 5 days later. Immediate cytotoxicity was also compared in serum and serum-free application. Four Wistar rats were used to study the intravesical absorption profile of tritiated GLA (3) H-GLA).Results: There was a 10-fold enhancement of the lytic efficacy of MeGLA in serum-free application and this enhancement was also observed in experiments assessing instant kill. There was a similar enhancement of effi...
Dagmar Simon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Gamma-Linolenic Acid Levels Correlate with Clinical Efficacy of Evening Primrose Oil in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
Advances in Therapy, 2014Co-Authors: Dagmar Simon, Siegfried Borelli, Roland Kägi, Catherine Zahner, Jürgen Drewe, Lorenzo Hess, Christian Zimmermann, Giovanni Ferrari, Peter A. Eng, Stephan LautenschlagerAbstract:Introduction Atopic dermatitis (AD) has been related to a deficiency of delta-6-desaturase, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of linoleic Acid to Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA). Evening primrose oil (EPO) contains high amounts of GLA. Therefore, this study investigated whether EPO supplementation results in an increase in plasma GLA and its metabolite dihomo-Gamma-Linolenic Acid (DGLA) correlating with clinical improvement of AD, assessed by the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index. Methods The open study included 21 patients with AD. EPO (4–6 g) was administered daily for 12 weeks. Before treatment, and 4 and 12 weeks after initiation of EPO supplementation, objective SCORAD was assessed and plasma concentrations of GLA and DGLA were determined by gas chromatography. Results A significant increase in plasma GLA and DGLA levels and a decrease in the objective SCORAD were observed 4 and 12 weeks after initiation of EPO treatment. In the per-protocol population ( n = 14), a significant inverse correlation between the changes in plasma GLA levels and SCORAD was found ( P = 0.008). Conclusion The clinical disease activity under EPO treatment correlates with the individual increase in plasma GLA levels. Thus, the results of this pilot study indicate that an increase in plasma GLA might be used as predictive parameter for responsiveness of AD to EPO therapy.
-
Gamma-Linolenic Acid levels correlate with clinical efficacy of evening primrose oil in patients with atopic dermatitis.
Advances in Therapy, 2014Co-Authors: Dagmar Simon, Siegfried Borelli, Roland Kägi, Catherine Zahner, Jürgen Drewe, Lorenzo Hess, Christian Zimmermann, Giovanni Ferrari, Stephan LautenschlagerAbstract:Introduction Atopic dermatitis (AD) has been related to a deficiency of delta-6-desaturase, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of linoleic Acid to Gamma-Linolenic Acid (GLA). Evening primrose oil (EPO) contains high amounts of GLA. Therefore, this study investigated whether EPO supplementation results in an increase in plasma GLA and its metabolite dihomo-Gamma-Linolenic Acid (DGLA) correlating with clinical improvement of AD, assessed by the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index.
