The Experts below are selected from a list of 78189 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Patrick Tara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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integrated hydrologic modeling with Geographic Information Systems
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 1993Co-Authors: Mark Ross, Patrick TaraAbstract:The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for spatial hydrologic data analysis has provided many benefits for water resources permitting and design. This paper discusses a computer model, developed to aid phosphate mine— reclamation design, as an example of the means and real benefits to be derived by incorporating GIS into hydrologic modeling. The model integrates a commercial GIS, public‐domain surface‐water and ground‐water hydrologic models, and a specially written evapotranspiration code to be run on a microcomputer within a highly structured interface. The user community consists of state and local regulatory agencies, mining companies, and private consultants. The GIS provides an important spatial/analytical function, performing the time‐consuming georeferencing and spatial overlays (GIS modeling) to develop input data as well as providing a mechanism to link the surface‐water and ground‐water codes written with disparate spatial discretizations. This paper supports the premise that the incor...
C M Croner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Geographic Information Systems and public health mapping the future
Public Health Reports, 1999Co-Authors: Thomas B Richards, C M Croner, Gerard Rushton, C K Brown, L FowlerAbstract:This Information technology review provides thoughts about current trends and future directions for Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology in public health and the challenges to institutionalizing this technology as a standard part of public health planning and practice by the Year 2010. Topics include: current trends; epidemiology and GIS technology; definition; advantages of GIS technology; current limitations of GIS technology; anticipated developments in the near future; and anticipated developments in 5-10 years. Two reports of GIS mapping applications also are included: "Mapping Rodent Complaints" by Neil M. Casey, Jack Smith, and C. William Keck, Akron Health Department, Ohio; and "Women with Localized Breast Cancer Selecting Mastectomy Treatment, Iowa, 1991-1996" by Gerard Rushton and Michele West, Department of Geography, University of Iowa. The review concludes that public health applications of GIS technology in 1999 are still in the early stages. Many challenges remain that will need to be addressed before the full potential of GIS technology can be realized for public health practice, planning, and research. One of the greatest challenges will be to incorporate epidemiologic principles and methods into the analysis to be mapped. Another major challenge will be to develop methods and procedures to assure the confidentiality of individuals and individual households. Geographic Information Systems and Public Health:
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Geographic Information Systems (GIS): New perspectives in understanding human health and environmental relationships
Statistics in Medicine, 1996Co-Authors: C M Croner, Joseph Sperling, F R BroomeAbstract:Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and digital computer technology will advance the mission of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) to protect public health. Geographic positioning, topology, and planar and surface measurements are basic GIS properties which enable highly precise locational referencing of spatial phenomena. The growing uses of remotely sensed imagery and satellite facilitated global positioning Systems are contributing to unprecedented surveillance of the environment and greater understanding of known and suspected environmental disease associations with human and animal health. Earth science and public health monitoring GIS databases offer new analytic opportunities for disease assessment and prevention.
Robert W. Jolly - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating agricultural nonpoint source pollution using integrated Geographic Information Systems and hydrologic water quality model
Journal of Environmental Quality, 1994Co-Authors: Udoyara Sunday Tim, Robert W. JollyAbstract:Considerable progress has been made in developing physically based, distributed parameter, hydrologic/wwater quality (H/WQ) models forplanning and control of nonpoint-source pollution. The widespread use of these models is often constrained by the excessive and time-consuming input data demands and the lack of computing efficiencies necessary for iterative simulation of alternative management strategies. Recent developments in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide techniques for handling large amounts of spatial data for modeling nonpoint-source pollution problems. Because a GIS can be used to combine Information from several sources to form an array of model input data and to examine any combinations of spatial inputs output data, it represents a highly effective tool for H/WQ modeling
Max J Egenhofer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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interoperating Geographic Information Systems
2012Co-Authors: Michael F Goodchild, Cliff Kottman, Max J EgenhoferAbstract:From the Publisher: Interoperating Geographic Information Systems is about efforts to improve the ability of GISs to interoperate, and has been assembled through a collaboration between academic researchers and the software vendor community under the auspices of the US National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis and the Open GIS Consortium Inc. It includes chapters on the basic principles and the various conceptual frameworks that the research community has developed to think about the problem. Other chapters review a wide range of applications and the experiences of the authors in trying to achieve interoperability at a practical level. Interoperability opens enormous potential for new ways of using GIS and new mechanisms for exchanging data, and these are covered in chapters on Information marketplaces, with special reference to Geographic Information. Institutional arrangements are also likely to be profoundly affected by the trend towards interoperable Systems, and nowhere is the impact of interoperability more likely to cause fundamental change than in education, as educators address the needs of a new generation of GIS users with access to a new generation of tools. The book is suitable as a secondary text for graduate level courses in computer science, geography, spatial databases, and interoperability and as a reference for researchers and practitioners in industry, commerce and government.
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semantic granularity in ontology driven Geographic Information Systems
Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, 2002Co-Authors: Frederico T Fonseca, Max J Egenhofer, Clodoveu A Davis, Gilberto CâmaraAbstract:The integration of Information of different kinds, such as spatial and alphanumeric at different levels of detail, is a challenge. While a solution is not reached, it is widely recognized that the need to integrate Information is so pressing that it does not matter if detail is lost, as long as integration is achieved. This paper shows the potential for Information retrieval at different levels of granularity inside the framework of Information Systems based on ontologies. Ontologies are theories that use a specific vocabulary to describe entities, classes, properties and functions related to a certain view of the world. The use of an ontology, translated into an active Information system component, leads to ontology-driven Information Systems and, in the specific case of GIS, leads to what we call ontology-driven Geographic Information Systems.
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Using ontologies for integrated Geographic Information Systems
Transactions in GIS, 2002Co-Authors: Frederico T Fonseca, Max J Egenhofer, Peggy Agouris, Gilberto CâmaraAbstract:Today, there is a huge amount of data gathered about the Earth, not only from new spatial Information Systems, but also from new and more sophisticated data collection technologies. This scenario leads to a number of interesting research challenges, such as how to integrate Geographic Information of different kinds. The basic motivation of this paper is to introduce a GIS architecture that can enable Geographic Information integration in a seamless and flexible way based on its semantic value and regardless of its representation. The proposed solution is an ontology-driven Geographic Information system that acts as a system integrator. In this system, an ontology is a component, such as the database, cooperating to fulfill the system's objectives. By browsing through ontologies the users can be provided with Information about the embedded knowledge of the system. Special emphasis is given to the case of remote sensing Systems and Geographic Information Systems. The levels of ontologies can be used to guide processes for the extraction of more general or more detailed Information. The use of multiple ontologies allows the extraction of Information in different stages of classification. The semantic integration of aerial images and GIS is a crucial step towards better geospatial modeling.
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ontology driven Geographic Information Systems
Advances in Geographic Information Systems, 1999Co-Authors: Frederico T Fonseca, Max J EgenhoferAbstract:Information integration is the combination of different types of Information in a framework so that it can be queried, retrieved, and manipulated. Integration of Geographic data has gained in importance because of the new possibilities arising from the interconnected world and the increasing availability of Geographic Information. Many times the need for Information is so pressing that it does not matter if some details are lost, as long as integration is achieved. To integrate Information across computerized Information Systems it is necessary first to have explicit formalizations of the mental concepts that people have about the real world. Furthermore, these concepts need to be grouped by communities in order to capture the basic agreements that exist within different communities. The explicit formalization of the mental models within a community is an ontology. This thesis introduces a framework for the integration of Geographic Information. We use ontologies as the foundation of this framework. By integrating ontologies that are linked to sources of Geographic Information we allow for the integration of Geographic Information based primarily on its meaning. Since the integration may occurs across different levels, we also create the basic mechanisms for enabling integration across different levels of detail. The use of an ontology, translated into an active, Information-system component, leads Ontology-Driven Geographic Information Systems. The results of this thesis show that a model that incorporates hierarchies and roles has the potential to integrate more Information than models that do not incorporate these concepts. We developed a methodology to evaluate the influence of the use of roles and of hierarchical structures for representing ontologies on the potential for Information integration. The use of a hierarchical structure increases the potential for Information integration. The use of roles also improves the potential for Information integration, although to a much lesser extent than did the use of hierarchies. The combined effect of roles and hierarchies had a more positive effect in the potential for Information integration than the use of roles alone or hierarchies alone. These three combinations (hierarchies, roles, roles and hiearchies) gave better results than the results using neither roles nor hierarchies.
Mark Ross - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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integrated hydrologic modeling with Geographic Information Systems
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 1993Co-Authors: Mark Ross, Patrick TaraAbstract:The use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for spatial hydrologic data analysis has provided many benefits for water resources permitting and design. This paper discusses a computer model, developed to aid phosphate mine— reclamation design, as an example of the means and real benefits to be derived by incorporating GIS into hydrologic modeling. The model integrates a commercial GIS, public‐domain surface‐water and ground‐water hydrologic models, and a specially written evapotranspiration code to be run on a microcomputer within a highly structured interface. The user community consists of state and local regulatory agencies, mining companies, and private consultants. The GIS provides an important spatial/analytical function, performing the time‐consuming georeferencing and spatial overlays (GIS modeling) to develop input data as well as providing a mechanism to link the surface‐water and ground‐water codes written with disparate spatial discretizations. This paper supports the premise that the incor...
