The Experts below are selected from a list of 14487 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Brian P. Horgan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Golf Course superintendents’ knowledge of variability within fairways: a tool for precision turfgrass management
Precision Agriculture, 2020Co-Authors: Chase M. Straw, William S. Wardrop, Brian P. HorganAbstract:Golf Course superintendent’s knowledge of variability may be an overlooked and underutilized tool for precision turfgrass management (PTM). This case study used a qualitative GIS approach to explore 12 Minnesota Golf Course superintendent’s knowledge of soil moisture (percent volumetric water content) and turfgrass quality (normalized difference vegetation index) variability within fairways. Verbal responses and sketch maps from on-site initial interviews were used to gain understanding of participants’ spatial knowledge of both properties. Soil moisture and turfgrass quality were objectively measured from all fairways after initial interviews to generate interpolated maps via ordinary kriging, which were used later in follow-up interviews for each participant to verbally compare to their sketch maps. Questions about interpolated map value and barriers to adopting mapping technologies were also asked at that time. Follow-up interview transcripts underwent thematic analysis to identify reoccurring themes, and sketch maps were digitized into GIS for statistical comparison to interpolated maps. Golf Course superintendents did have general knowledge of variability within their fairways that could be used for simplified PTM practices. Interpolated maps were valuable for identifying and quantifying small-scale variability for more exact PTM practices, confirming spatial knowledge, and providing detailed spatial information to new Golf Course superintendents or staff. Areas displaying variability in interpolated maps were not always important to Golf Course superintendents, so their spatial knowledge should be used with interpolated maps for further refinement of PTM practices. Barriers to adopting mapping technologies for PTM were mentioned, and several suggestions to increase adoption are provided.
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off site transport of nitrogen fertilizer with runoff from Golf Course fairway turf a comparison of creeping bentgrass with a fine fescue mixture
Science of The Total Environment, 2017Co-Authors: Pamela J Rice, Brian P. HorganAbstract:Maintaining quality Golf Course turf often requires irrigation and application of fertilizer. The transport of excess nutrients with runoff water from highly managed and fertilized biological systems to surrounding surface waters has been shown to result in enhanced algal blooms and promotion of eutrophication. Environmental stewardship includes looking for new approaches to reduce adverse environmental impacts of current practices. One strategy is to replace traditional turfgrass with low-maintenance turfgrass species. Fescue grasses have been shown to provide characteristics desirable for Golf Course fairways. Thus side-by-side studies comparing runoff from plots planted in creeping bentgrass (CGB) or fine fescue mixture (FFM), similarly managed as a Golf Course fairway, were conducted to measure runoff volumes and the amount of ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) transported off-site with runoff. Greater runoff volumes and mass of applied nutrients were measured in the runoff from the FFM, representing a 38% and 56% median increase in the off-site mass transport of NH4-N and NO3-N with surface flow. Shoot density, thatch depth and soil moisture were the most important factors related to runoff volume. Results of this research will be useful to grounds superintendents and researchers for selecting and developing management strategies to improve environmental stewardship of managed turf while providing desired turf quality.
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evaluation of alternative turfgrass species for low input Golf Course fairways
Hortscience, 2010Co-Authors: Eric Watkins, Andrew Hollman, Brian P. HorganAbstract:As restrictions on water use, fertilization, and pesticide applications continue to increase, Golf Course superintendents will need to use grass species that require reduced inputs. The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative turfgrass species under low-input fairways conditions. In 2005, 17 species were established on native soil in St. Paul, MN. Each species was evaluated at three levels of traffic (zero, three, or six passes per week using a drum-type traffic simulator) and two mowing heights (1.90 and 2.54 cm). Data collected included turfgrass quality and percent living stand density. In 2006, velvet bentgrass (Agrostis canina L.), colonial bentgrass (Agrostis capillaris L.), and creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) maintained acceptable quality in all treatment combinations. In 2007, Chewings fescue (Festuca rubra L. ssp. fallax) and sheep fescue (Festuca ovina L.) were the top-performing species regardless of treatment. Hard fescue (Festuca brevipila Tracey) performed poorly in Year 1 and well in Year 2. All other species did not perform at an acceptable level during the study. The results of this study indicate that sheep fescue, Chewings fescue, colonial bentgrass, and velvet bentgrass should be studied further for use on low-input Golf Course fairways in the northern United States.
Peter J Dillon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of Golf Course construction and operation on water chemistry of headwater streams on the precambrian shield
Environmental Pollution, 2005Co-Authors: Jennifer G Winter, Peter J DillonAbstract:Abstract To investigate the effects of Golf Course construction and operation on the water chemistry of Shield streams, we compared the water chemistry in streams draining Golf Courses under construction (2) and in operation (5) to streams in forested reference locations and to upstream sites where available. Streams were more alkaline and higher in base cation and nitrate concentrations downstream of operational Golf Courses. Levels of these parameters and total phosphorus increased over time in several streams during Golf Course construction through to operation. There was evidence of inputs of mercury to streams on two of the operational Courses. Nutrient (phosphorus and nitrogen) concentrations were significantly related to the area of unmanaged vegetation in a 30 × 30 m area on either side of the sampling sites, and to River Bank Quality Index scores, suggesting that maintaining vegetated buffers along the stream on Golf Courses will reduce in-stream nutrient concentrations.
Radka Kodesova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modeling water flow and nitrate nitrogen transport on Golf Course under turfgrass
Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2015Co-Authors: Vilim Filipovic, Gurpal S Toor, Gabrijel Ondrasek, Radka KodesovaAbstract:Purpose Golf Courses are constructed from artificial layers on top of natural soil as the goal is to rapidly drain excess water through the soil profile using subsurface tile drainage system. Golf turf is one of the most intensively managed systems due to the high use of fertilizer and irrigation. Leaching and runoff of nitrogen (N) from turf can pollute surface- and groundwaters. Our objective was to understand the fate of water and nitrate–N in constructed Golf Course turf.
R D Harmel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nutrient load generated by storm event runoff from a Golf Course watershed
Journal of Environmental Quality, 2007Co-Authors: Kevin W King, J. C. Balogh, K L Hughes, R D HarmelAbstract:Turf, including home lawns, roadsides, Golf Courses, parks, etc., is often the most intensively managed land use in the urban landscape. Substantial inputs of fertilizers and water to maintain turf systems have led to a perception that turf systems are a major contributor to nonpoint source water pollution. The primary objective of this study was to quantify nutrient (NO3–N, NH4–N, and PO4–P) transport in storm-generated surface runoff from a Golf Course. Storm event samples were collected for 5 yr (1 Apr. 1998–31 Mar. 2003) from the Morris Williams Municipal Golf Course in Austin, TX. Inflow and outflow samples were collected from a stream that transected the Golf Course. One hundred fifteen runoff-producing precipitation events were measured. Median NO3–N and PO4–P concentrations at the outflow location were significantly (p , 0.05) greater than like concentrations measured at the inflow location; however, median outflow NH4–N concentration was significantly less than the median inflow concentration. Storm water runoff transported 1.2 kg NO3–N ha 21 yr 21 , 0.23 kg NH4–N ha 21 yr 21 , and 0.51 kg PO4–P ha 21 yr 21 from the Course. These amounts represent approximately 3.3% of applied N and 6.2% of applied P over the contributing area for the same period. NO3–N transport in storm water runoff from this Course does not pose a substantial environmental risk; however, the median PO4–P concentration exiting the Course exceeded the USEPA recommendation of 0.1 mg L 21 for streams not discharging into lakes. The PO4–P load measured in this study was comparable to soluble P rates measured from agricultural lands. The findings of this study emphasize the need to balance Golf Course fertility management with environmental risks, especially with respect to phosphorus.
Ziyun Dai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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using assessment of net ecosystem services to promote sustainability of Golf Course in china
Ecological Indicators, 2016Co-Authors: Ziyun Dai, Xuehua Puyang, Liebao HanAbstract:Abstract Golf Courses have been shown to have a positive impact on local biodiversity, quality of life and the economy. However, the impacts of Golf Courses on local environment, including ecosystem services and dis-services are not clearly understood. To explore this relationship, we took two Golf Courses in Beijing (a links Course and a parkland Course) to develop an assessment framework and present estimates of economic values of net ecosystem services, in aspects of ecosystem goods, carbon fixation, soil retention, flood storage, recreation, water consumption and nonpoint-source pollution. The results showed that the two Golf Courses have provided remarkable net ecosystem services values (links 51.58 × 104 yuan/ha/yr, parkland 42.60 × 104 yuan/ha/yr, 6.19 yuan = 1 US$ in 2013). Over 95% of this value is generated by three services: recreation, ecosystem goods and flood storage. Our results indicate that the parkland Course has better performance in sustainable supply of ecosystem services than the links Course. In addition, this study provides useful improvements for Golf Course design and management concerning positive environmental externalities optimizing, including the scaling of non-playing areas to maximize Golf Course ecosystem services supply capacity, appropriate grass species selecting and irrigation with recycled water. Moreover, a policy analysis suggests that the development of public Golf Course in China is a necessary complement to resolve the mismatch between private and public benefits and let more people enjoy the ecosystem services.
