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Marganne Marie-hélène - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Galen and the Writing Materials: on a Passage of the In Hippocratis De Officina Medici Commentarii (Preface, XVIII 2.630.12-16 Kühn)
Ediciones Complutense, 2019Co-Authors: Marganne Marie-hélèneAbstract:peer reviewedaudience: researcher, professionalS’appuyant sur l’examen du Parisinus gr. 1849 et du Marcianus gr. Z. 279 (coll. 0705), ainsi que sur la comparaison avec les passages parallèles galéniques, la présente étude propose l’émendation du passage du Commentaire à Hippocrate, Officine du médecin (Préface, XVIII 2.630.12-16 Kühn) sur les livres anciens d’Hippocrate qui, à l’époque du médecin de Pergame, se présentaient en fait sous la forme de rouleaux, soit de papyrus, soit de parchemin.Based on a comparative analysis of manuscripts Parisinus gr. 1849 and Marcianus gr. Z. 279 (coll. 0705), and of parallel passages in Galen's works, the present study suggests an emendation to a passage of the In Hippocratis De Officina Medici Commentarii (Preface, XVIII 2.630.12-16 Kühn), which deals with ancient works by Hippocrates that, at Galen's time, actually existed in the form of papyrus or parchment bookrolls
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Galen and the Writing Materials: on a Passage of the In Hippocratis De Officina Medici Commentarii (Preface, XVIII 2.630.12-16 Kühn)
2019Co-Authors: Marganne Marie-hélèneAbstract:S’appuyant sur l’examen du Parisinus gr. 1849 et du Marcianus gr. Z. 279 (coll. 0705), ainsi que sur la comparaison avec les passages parallèles galéniques, la présente étude propose l’émendation du passage du Commentaire à Hippocrate, Officine du médecin (Préface, XVIII 2.630.12-16 Kühn) sur les livres anciens d’Hippocrate qui, à l’époque du médecin de Pergame, se présentaient en fait sous la forme de rouleaux, soit de papyrus, soit de parchemin.Based on a comparative analysis of manuscripts Parisinus gr. 1849 and Marcianus gr. Z. 279 (coll. 0705), and of parallel passages in Galen's works, the present study suggests an emendation to a passage of the In Hippocratis De Officina Medici Commentarii (Preface, XVIII 2.630.12-16 Kühn), which deals with ancient works by Hippocrates that, at Galen's time, actually existed in the form of papyrus or parchment bookrolls.Peer reviewe
Matthew E Falagas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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unusual climatic conditions and infectious diseases observations made by Hippocrates
Enfermedades Infecciosas Y Microbiologia Clinica, 2010Co-Authors: Matthew E Falagas, Ioannis A Bliziotis, John Kosmidis, George K DaikosAbstract:About 2500 years ago, Hippocrates made noteworthy observations about the influence of climate on public health. He believed that people living in cities with different climate may suffer from different diseases. Hippocrates also observed that abrupt climatic changes or unusual weather conditions affect public health, especially the incidence and severity of various infectious diseases, including gastrointestinal infections, tuberculosis, and central nervous system infections. We believe that Hippocrates’ scientific observations are great early historic examples that stress to modern infectious diseases researchers and clinicians the need to study intensively the effect of the occurring global climate changes to infectious diseases in order to help in the prevention of possible epidemics of infections.
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the breast from ancient greek myths to Hippocrates and galen
Reproductive Biomedicine Online, 2009Co-Authors: Christos Iavazzo, Constantinos Trompoukis, Matthew E Falagas, Ilias I SiemposAbstract:This is a historical article about Ancient Greek literature from mythological times until the first centuries AD with regard to the female breast. We endeavoured to collect several elegant narratives on the topic as well as to explore the knowledge of Ancient Greek doctors on the role, physiology and pathology of breast and the treatment of its diseases. We identified such descriptions in myths regarding Amazons, Hercules, Zeus, Hera and Amaltheia. Furthermore, descriptions on the topic were also found in the work of Hippocrates, Aristoteles, Soranos, Alexander of Aphrodisias, Celsus, Archigenis, Leonides, Galen and Oribasius. We may conclude that some of today's medical knowledge or practice regarding the breast was also known in the historical period.
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insights into infectious disease in the era of Hippocrates
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2008Co-Authors: Georgios Pappas, Matthew E Falagas, Ismene J KiriazeAbstract:Hippocrates is traditionally considered the father of modern medicine, still influencing, 25 centuries after his time, various aspects of medical practice and ethics. His collected works include various references to infectious diseases that range from general observations on the nature of infection, hygiene, epidemiology, and the immune response, to detailed descriptions of syndromes such as tuberculous spondylitis, malaria, and tetanus. We sought to evaluate the extent to which this historical information has influenced the modern relevant literature. Associating disease to the disequilibrium of body fluids may seem an ancient and outdated notion nowadays, but many of the clinical descriptions presented in the Corpus Hippocraticum (Hippocratic Collection) are still the archetypes of the natural history of certain infectious diseases and their collective interplay with the environment, climate, and society. For this reason, modern clinicians and researchers continue to be attracted to these 'lessons' from the past - lessons that remain extremely valuable.
Alan Jotkowitz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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content analysis of ethical codes written by medical students compared with other codes of medical ethics
European Journal of Internal Medicine, 2009Co-Authors: Shaun E Gruenbaum, Alan JotkowitzAbstract:article i nfo Article history: Introduction: Swearing to a medical oath is a common practice in medical schools today. Students at the Medical School for International Health (MSIH) participate in an elaborate physician's oath ceremony held in the first year of studies. At this ceremony, students read a code of ethics written by their class, the content of which includes the ethical principles the class as a whole deems significant. Methods: 9 codes of ethics, written by students at the MSIH between 1998 and 2006, as well as the oaths of Hippocrates and Maimonides, were collected and the principles contained within them were analyzed and compared.The oathswere brokenupintopreamble,covenant,code,andperoration sections,eachencompassing various content domains. Results:PrinciplesdiscussedinboththeoathsofHippocratesandMaimonides,aswellintwo-thirdsormoreofthe student-written codes, included loyalty to one's colleagues, the profession, and one's teachers, as well as acting withbeneficence.Attributesincludingcompassion,integrity,andhonesty,werementionedintwo-thirdsormore of the student-written codes but neither the oath of Hippocrates nor Maimonides. Controversial issues, such as abortion and discussing God were not included in codes written by students. Conclusions: Ethical codes written by students at the MSIH contained some similar principles to those contained within the traditional oaths; however, there was more emphasis on attributes that establish a good physician- patient relationship in the codes written by students. Future studies need to examine the content of other student-written codes.
Constantin E Orfanos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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from Hippocrates to modern medicine
Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 2007Co-Authors: Constantin E OrfanosAbstract:Hippocrates was the first to introduce the concept of 'physis' and to transform hieratic or theocratic medicine into rational medicine. The overall construction of the Asclepieion on Kos clearly indicates that he and his school followed a holistic concept, combining scientific thought with drug therapy, diet schedules, and physical and mental exercise, also asking for God's help. Hippocrates also formulated the first standards and ethical rules to be followed in medical profession, which are still valid today. The knowledge of Graeco-Roman medicine has been transferred by Arab scholars into the West, whereas renaissance, urbanization, and industrialisation have changed its face over the centuries. With the entrance of molecular technology and economy, modern medicine now faces the risk of becoming itself industrialized. Correct use of new scientific knowledge, individualized management with a Hippocratic holistic approach and compassionate sympathy for the patient who suffers, should be considered in the years to come for maintaining the level of medical profession. The venue of our European Congress in Rhodes is very close to Kos, another historic Aegean island, the place where Hippocrates has given the first professional standards in European medicine and in medicine in general. They were established 2600 years ago and are still valid today.(1,2) If one draws a red line and marks some cornerstones of the evolution that has taken place in medicine over the past centuries, it is evident that these first rules formulated by Hippocrates and his school also reveal the future responsibilities for our profession and make them better recognizable and more conclusive.
Spyros G Marketos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hippocrates: timeless still
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 2013Co-Authors: E Tsiompanou, Spyros G MarketosAbstract:. . . I wish I had known of these views of Hippocrates before I had published, for they seem almost identical with mine merely a change of terms and an application of them to classes of facts necessarily unknown to the old philosopher. The whole case is a good illustration of how rarely anything is new. . . .Hippocrates has taken the wind out of my sails, but I care very little about being forestalled. I advance the views merely as a provisional hypothesis, but with the secret expectation that sooner or later some such view will have to be admitted. . . . I do not expect the reviewers will be so learned as you otherwise, no doubt, I shall be accused of wilfully stealing Pangenesis from Hippocrates, for this is the spirit some reviewers delight to show.
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Hippocrates a pioneer in the treatment of head injuries
Neurosurgery, 2005Co-Authors: Ioannis G Panourias, Panayiotis K Skiadas, Damianos E Sakas, Spyros G MarketosAbstract:Hippocrates' treatise On Wounds in the Head represents an excellent source of information regarding the extent of experience with head injuries in classical antiquity. On the basis of clinical observation, the great physician gives an accurate description of the external appearance and consistency of the cranium. Fractures of the cranium are divided into six main categories, each of which is discussed separately, regarding its mechanism, clinical assessment, and treatment. The medical history and clinical evaluation are considered the most important factors when dealing with cranial trauma. Trepanation, a neurosurgical procedure still in practice today, is presented in detail. As a whole, the treatise, the first written work in medical history dealing exclusively with cranial trauma, reveals that Hippocrates was a pioneer in treating head injuries.
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Hippocrates the father of spine surgery
Spine, 1999Co-Authors: Spyros G Marketos, Panagiotis K SkiadasAbstract:Hippocrates (5th-4th century B. C.), the founder of scientific medicine, left a valuable heritage of knowledge and methodology, which extends to almost all branches of modern medicine. Among the many fields of medicine he explored, he devoted much of his scientific interest to the study of orthopedics. In fact, some of the principles found in the Hippocratic treatises On Fractures and On Joints are still valid today. This great physician also was the first to deal with the anatomy and the pathology of human spine. In his books, he provides a precise description of the segments and the normal curves of the spine, the structure of the vertebrae, the tendons attached to them, the blood supply to the spine, and even its anatomic relations to adjacent vessels. The Hippocratic list of spinal diseases includes tuberculous spondylitis, post-traumatic kyphosis, scoliosis, concussion, dislocations of the vertebrae, and fractures of the spinous processes. Hippocrates devised two apparatuses, known as the Hippocratic ladder and the Hippocratic board, to reduce displaced vertebrae. Those pioneer methods are deemed to be the precursors to the sophisticated techniques used in spine surgery today. Because of his thorough study of spinal diseases and their management, which was the first such study in orthopedics in the history of medicine, Hippocrates should be regarded as the father of spine surgery.