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Ian Beausoleilmorrison - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development and analysis of strategies to facilitate the conversion of canadian houses into net zero energy buildings
Energy Policy, 2019Co-Authors: Rasoul S Asaee, Ismet V Ugursal, Ian BeausoleilmorrisonAbstract:Abstract Canada has numerous climatic and geographical regions and the Canadian Housing Stock (CHS) is diversified in terms of vintage, geometry, construction materials, envelope, occupancy, energy sources and heating, ventilation and air conditioning system and equipment. Therefore, strategies to achieve net zero energy (NZE) status with the current Stock of houses need to be devised considering the unique characteristics of the Housing Stock, the economic conditions and energy mix available in each region. Identifying and assessing pathways for converting existing houses to NZE buildings at the Housing Stock level is a complex and multifaceted problem and requires extensive analysis on the impact of energy efficiency and renewable/alternative energy technology retrofits on the energy use and GHG emissions of households. A techno-economic analysis of retrofitting renewable/alternative energy technologies in the CHS to reduce energy consumption and GHG emissions was conducted to develop strategies to achieve or approach NZE status for Canadian houses. The results indicate that substantial energy savings and GHG emission reductions are techno-economically feasible for the CHS through careful selection of retrofit options. While achieving large scale conversion of existing houses to NZEB is not feasible, approaching NZE status is a realistic goal for a large percentage of Canadian houses.
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techno economic feasibility evaluation of air to water heat pump retrofit in the canadian Housing Stock
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017Co-Authors: Rasoul S Asaee, Ismet V Ugursal, Ian BeausoleilmorrisonAbstract:Abstract This study was conducted to assess the techno-economic feasibility of converting the Canadian Housing Stock (CHS) into net/near zero energy buildings by introducing and integrating high efficient and renewable/alternative energy technologies in new construction and existing houses. Performance assessment of energy retrofit and renewable/alternative energy technologies in existing houses in regional and national scale is necessary to devise feasible strategies and incentive measures. The Canadian Hybrid Residential End-Use Energy and GHG Emissions model (CHREM) that utilizes a bottom-up modeling approach is used to investigate the techno-economic feasibility of air to water heat pump retrofit in the Canadian Housing Stock. The proposed energy retrofit includes an air to water heat pump, auxiliary boiler, thermal storage tank, hydronic heat delivery and domestic hot water (DHW) heating. Energy savings, GHG emission changes and economic feasibility of the air source heat pump retrofit are considered in this study. Results show that there is a potential to reduce 36% of energy consumption and 23% of GHG emissions of the CHS if all eligible houses undertake the retrofit. Economic analysis indicates that the feasibility of air to water heat pump systems is strongly affected by the current status of primary energy use for electricity generation and space and DHW heating as well as energy prices and economic conditions. Legislation, economic incentives and education for homeowners are necessary to enhance the penetration level of air to water heat pump retrofits in the CHS.
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technoeconomic assessment of the impact of window improvements on the heating and cooling energy requirement and greenhouse gas emissions of the canadian Housing Stock
Journal of Energy Engineering-asce, 2014Co-Authors: Sara Nikoofard, Ismet V Ugursal, Ian BeausoleilmorrisonAbstract:AbstractThis study evaluates the economic feasibility as well as the effect of window modifications on the heating and cooling energy requirement of the Canadian Housing Stock based on detailed energy simulations conducted using the Canadian hybrid residential end-use energy model (CHREM) and green house gas emissions model (GEM). It is found that thermally improved windows can substantially reduce the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from the Canadian residential sector. The magnitude of energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions depend largely on the size of the Housing Stock, existing window type characteristics, climate, and fuel mix used. Thus, there are variations from province to province. Similarly, economic feasibility depends on the magnitude of savings available as well as the price of energy in each province.
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an investigation of the technoeconomic feasibility of solar domestic hot water heating for the canadian Housing Stock
Solar Energy, 2014Co-Authors: Sara Nikoofard, Ismet V Ugursal, Ian BeausoleilmorrisonAbstract:Abstract This study evaluates the impact on energy consumption and GHG emissions as well as the technoeconomic feasibility of retrofitting solar domestic hot water (DHW) heating systems to all houses in the Canadian Housing Stock (CHS). The study was conducted using the Canadian Hybrid Residential End-Use Energy and GHG Emissions Model (CHREM). It was assumed that all houses that have a DHW system with a tank, and a roof facing south, south–west or south–east could be retrofitted with a solar DHW system. As to be expected, the energy and GHG emissions impact of retrofitting SDHW systems into the CHS is substantial. If all eligible existing DHW systems (30% of those existing in the CHS) were to be retrofitted with SDHW systems, the energy consumption and GHG emissions of the Canadian residential sector would be reduced by about 2%. This is equivalent to 22.7 PJ of end-use energy savings and 1 Mt of GHG emissions reduction, or 11.8% and 11.9%, respectively, of the current amounts associated with domestic hot water heating. The energy savings potential with SDHW systems in all provinces are similar, while the GHG emission reductions vary significantly due to the substantially different fuel mix used in different provinces. The economic feasibility results demonstrate the impact of installation and fuel costs, as well as interest and energy price escalation rates on payback period.
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technoeconomic assessment of the impact of window shading retrofits on the heating and cooling energy consumption and ghg emissions of the canadian Housing Stock
Energy and Buildings, 2014Co-Authors: Sara Nikoofard, Ismet V Ugursal, Ian BeausoleilmorrisonAbstract:Abstract This study evaluates the economic feasibility and the effect of window shading retrofits on the heating and cooling energy requirement of the Canadian Housing Stock based on detailed energy simulations conducted using the Canadian Hybrid Residential End-Use Energy and GHG Emissions Model (CHREM). The study found that adding 1/2 in. light aluminum VB on the indoor side of windows with automatic control based on zone temperature would result in substantial reduction in energy and GHG emissions in the Canadian Housing Stock. Other types of window shading devices may be effective in reducing the cooling energy consumption, but they result in an increase in overall energy consumption when both heating and cooling season performance is taken into consideration. The economic feasibility of VB depends largely on the fuel mix and cost of fuels used as well as the tolerable payback period and expected fuel cost escalation rate. Thus, the economic feasibility is different for each province.
Ismet V Ugursal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development and analysis of strategies to facilitate the conversion of canadian houses into net zero energy buildings
Energy Policy, 2019Co-Authors: Rasoul S Asaee, Ismet V Ugursal, Ian BeausoleilmorrisonAbstract:Abstract Canada has numerous climatic and geographical regions and the Canadian Housing Stock (CHS) is diversified in terms of vintage, geometry, construction materials, envelope, occupancy, energy sources and heating, ventilation and air conditioning system and equipment. Therefore, strategies to achieve net zero energy (NZE) status with the current Stock of houses need to be devised considering the unique characteristics of the Housing Stock, the economic conditions and energy mix available in each region. Identifying and assessing pathways for converting existing houses to NZE buildings at the Housing Stock level is a complex and multifaceted problem and requires extensive analysis on the impact of energy efficiency and renewable/alternative energy technology retrofits on the energy use and GHG emissions of households. A techno-economic analysis of retrofitting renewable/alternative energy technologies in the CHS to reduce energy consumption and GHG emissions was conducted to develop strategies to achieve or approach NZE status for Canadian houses. The results indicate that substantial energy savings and GHG emission reductions are techno-economically feasible for the CHS through careful selection of retrofit options. While achieving large scale conversion of existing houses to NZEB is not feasible, approaching NZE status is a realistic goal for a large percentage of Canadian houses.
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techno economic feasibility evaluation of air to water heat pump retrofit in the canadian Housing Stock
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017Co-Authors: Rasoul S Asaee, Ismet V Ugursal, Ian BeausoleilmorrisonAbstract:Abstract This study was conducted to assess the techno-economic feasibility of converting the Canadian Housing Stock (CHS) into net/near zero energy buildings by introducing and integrating high efficient and renewable/alternative energy technologies in new construction and existing houses. Performance assessment of energy retrofit and renewable/alternative energy technologies in existing houses in regional and national scale is necessary to devise feasible strategies and incentive measures. The Canadian Hybrid Residential End-Use Energy and GHG Emissions model (CHREM) that utilizes a bottom-up modeling approach is used to investigate the techno-economic feasibility of air to water heat pump retrofit in the Canadian Housing Stock. The proposed energy retrofit includes an air to water heat pump, auxiliary boiler, thermal storage tank, hydronic heat delivery and domestic hot water (DHW) heating. Energy savings, GHG emission changes and economic feasibility of the air source heat pump retrofit are considered in this study. Results show that there is a potential to reduce 36% of energy consumption and 23% of GHG emissions of the CHS if all eligible houses undertake the retrofit. Economic analysis indicates that the feasibility of air to water heat pump systems is strongly affected by the current status of primary energy use for electricity generation and space and DHW heating as well as energy prices and economic conditions. Legislation, economic incentives and education for homeowners are necessary to enhance the penetration level of air to water heat pump retrofits in the CHS.
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technoeconomic assessment of the impact of window improvements on the heating and cooling energy requirement and greenhouse gas emissions of the canadian Housing Stock
Journal of Energy Engineering-asce, 2014Co-Authors: Sara Nikoofard, Ismet V Ugursal, Ian BeausoleilmorrisonAbstract:AbstractThis study evaluates the economic feasibility as well as the effect of window modifications on the heating and cooling energy requirement of the Canadian Housing Stock based on detailed energy simulations conducted using the Canadian hybrid residential end-use energy model (CHREM) and green house gas emissions model (GEM). It is found that thermally improved windows can substantially reduce the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from the Canadian residential sector. The magnitude of energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions depend largely on the size of the Housing Stock, existing window type characteristics, climate, and fuel mix used. Thus, there are variations from province to province. Similarly, economic feasibility depends on the magnitude of savings available as well as the price of energy in each province.
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an investigation of the technoeconomic feasibility of solar domestic hot water heating for the canadian Housing Stock
Solar Energy, 2014Co-Authors: Sara Nikoofard, Ismet V Ugursal, Ian BeausoleilmorrisonAbstract:Abstract This study evaluates the impact on energy consumption and GHG emissions as well as the technoeconomic feasibility of retrofitting solar domestic hot water (DHW) heating systems to all houses in the Canadian Housing Stock (CHS). The study was conducted using the Canadian Hybrid Residential End-Use Energy and GHG Emissions Model (CHREM). It was assumed that all houses that have a DHW system with a tank, and a roof facing south, south–west or south–east could be retrofitted with a solar DHW system. As to be expected, the energy and GHG emissions impact of retrofitting SDHW systems into the CHS is substantial. If all eligible existing DHW systems (30% of those existing in the CHS) were to be retrofitted with SDHW systems, the energy consumption and GHG emissions of the Canadian residential sector would be reduced by about 2%. This is equivalent to 22.7 PJ of end-use energy savings and 1 Mt of GHG emissions reduction, or 11.8% and 11.9%, respectively, of the current amounts associated with domestic hot water heating. The energy savings potential with SDHW systems in all provinces are similar, while the GHG emission reductions vary significantly due to the substantially different fuel mix used in different provinces. The economic feasibility results demonstrate the impact of installation and fuel costs, as well as interest and energy price escalation rates on payback period.
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technoeconomic assessment of the impact of window shading retrofits on the heating and cooling energy consumption and ghg emissions of the canadian Housing Stock
Energy and Buildings, 2014Co-Authors: Sara Nikoofard, Ismet V Ugursal, Ian BeausoleilmorrisonAbstract:Abstract This study evaluates the economic feasibility and the effect of window shading retrofits on the heating and cooling energy requirement of the Canadian Housing Stock based on detailed energy simulations conducted using the Canadian Hybrid Residential End-Use Energy and GHG Emissions Model (CHREM). The study found that adding 1/2 in. light aluminum VB on the indoor side of windows with automatic control based on zone temperature would result in substantial reduction in energy and GHG emissions in the Canadian Housing Stock. Other types of window shading devices may be effective in reducing the cooling energy consumption, but they result in an increase in overall energy consumption when both heating and cooling season performance is taken into consideration. The economic feasibility of VB depends largely on the fuel mix and cost of fuels used as well as the tolerable payback period and expected fuel cost escalation rate. Thus, the economic feasibility is different for each province.
Sara Nikoofard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Techno-economic assessment of the impact of phase change material thermal storage on the energy consumption and GHG emissions of the Canadian Housing Stock
Building Simulation, 2015Co-Authors: Sara Nikoofard, V. Ismet Ugursal, Ian Beausoleil-morrisonAbstract:Responsible for 17% of all energy consumption and 16% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Canada, the residential sector presents substantial opportunities for reducing both energy consumption and GHG emissions. Being one of the highest per capita energy consumers in the world, there is increasing pressure on Canada to reduce both. Amongst the numerous options to reduce energy consumption in the residential sector is the large-scale adoption of active and passive solar technologies in the Canadian Housing Stock (CHS). In earlier publications, the authors have investigated the techno-economic feasibility of large-scale adoption of window and glazing modifications, window shading devices and solar domestic hot water systems in the CHS as retrofit measures. In this paper, the focus is on the adoption of thermal storage using phase change material (PCM) in the CHS as a retrofit measure. The results indicate that applying PCMs with melting temperature of 23°C to the eligible houses reduce energy consumption GHG emissions of the Canadian Housing Stock by about 2.5%. The economic feasibility results demonstrate the impact of fuel costs, as well as interest and energy price escalation rates on payback period. The economic results indicate that upgrading houses to incorporate PCM storage in the province of New Brunswick is more feasible than other provinces.
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technoeconomic assessment of the impact of window improvements on the heating and cooling energy requirement and greenhouse gas emissions of the canadian Housing Stock
Journal of Energy Engineering-asce, 2014Co-Authors: Sara Nikoofard, Ismet V Ugursal, Ian BeausoleilmorrisonAbstract:AbstractThis study evaluates the economic feasibility as well as the effect of window modifications on the heating and cooling energy requirement of the Canadian Housing Stock based on detailed energy simulations conducted using the Canadian hybrid residential end-use energy model (CHREM) and green house gas emissions model (GEM). It is found that thermally improved windows can substantially reduce the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from the Canadian residential sector. The magnitude of energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions depend largely on the size of the Housing Stock, existing window type characteristics, climate, and fuel mix used. Thus, there are variations from province to province. Similarly, economic feasibility depends on the magnitude of savings available as well as the price of energy in each province.
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an investigation of the technoeconomic feasibility of solar domestic hot water heating for the canadian Housing Stock
Solar Energy, 2014Co-Authors: Sara Nikoofard, Ismet V Ugursal, Ian BeausoleilmorrisonAbstract:Abstract This study evaluates the impact on energy consumption and GHG emissions as well as the technoeconomic feasibility of retrofitting solar domestic hot water (DHW) heating systems to all houses in the Canadian Housing Stock (CHS). The study was conducted using the Canadian Hybrid Residential End-Use Energy and GHG Emissions Model (CHREM). It was assumed that all houses that have a DHW system with a tank, and a roof facing south, south–west or south–east could be retrofitted with a solar DHW system. As to be expected, the energy and GHG emissions impact of retrofitting SDHW systems into the CHS is substantial. If all eligible existing DHW systems (30% of those existing in the CHS) were to be retrofitted with SDHW systems, the energy consumption and GHG emissions of the Canadian residential sector would be reduced by about 2%. This is equivalent to 22.7 PJ of end-use energy savings and 1 Mt of GHG emissions reduction, or 11.8% and 11.9%, respectively, of the current amounts associated with domestic hot water heating. The energy savings potential with SDHW systems in all provinces are similar, while the GHG emission reductions vary significantly due to the substantially different fuel mix used in different provinces. The economic feasibility results demonstrate the impact of installation and fuel costs, as well as interest and energy price escalation rates on payback period.
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technoeconomic assessment of the impact of window shading retrofits on the heating and cooling energy consumption and ghg emissions of the canadian Housing Stock
Energy and Buildings, 2014Co-Authors: Sara Nikoofard, Ismet V Ugursal, Ian BeausoleilmorrisonAbstract:Abstract This study evaluates the economic feasibility and the effect of window shading retrofits on the heating and cooling energy requirement of the Canadian Housing Stock based on detailed energy simulations conducted using the Canadian Hybrid Residential End-Use Energy and GHG Emissions Model (CHREM). The study found that adding 1/2 in. light aluminum VB on the indoor side of windows with automatic control based on zone temperature would result in substantial reduction in energy and GHG emissions in the Canadian Housing Stock. Other types of window shading devices may be effective in reducing the cooling energy consumption, but they result in an increase in overall energy consumption when both heating and cooling season performance is taken into consideration. The economic feasibility of VB depends largely on the fuel mix and cost of fuels used as well as the tolerable payback period and expected fuel cost escalation rate. Thus, the economic feasibility is different for each province.
Robert Lowe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing uncertainty in Housing Stock infiltration rates and associated heat loss english and uk case studies
Building and Environment, 2015Co-Authors: Benjamin M Jones, Ian Hamilton, Robert Lowe, P Das, Zaid Chalabi, M Davies, Anna Mavrogianni, Darren Robinson, Jonathon TaylorAbstract:Strategies to reduce domestic heating loads by minimizing the infiltration of cold air through adventitious openings located in the thermal envelopes of houses are highlighted by the building codes of many countries. Consequent reductions of energy demand and CO2e emission are often unquantified by empirical evidence. Instead, a mean heating season infiltration rate is commonly inferred from an air leakage rate using a simple ratio scaled to account for the physical and environmental properties of a dwelling. The scaling does not take account of the permeability of party walls in conjoined dwellings and so cannot differentiate between the infiltration of unconditioned ambient air that requires heating, and conditioned air from adjacent dwellings that does not. A stochastic method is presented that applies a theoretical model of adventitious infiltration to predict distributions of mean infiltration rates and the associated total heat loss in any Stock of dwellings during heating hours. The method is applied to the English and UK Housing Stocks and provides probability distribution functions of Stock infiltration rates and total heat loss during the heating season for two extremes of party wall permeability. The distributions predict that up to 79% of the current English Stock could require additional purpose-provided ventilation to limit negative health consequences. National models predict that fewer dwellings are under-ventilated. The distributions are also used to predict that infiltration is responsible for 3–5% of total UK energy demand, 11–15% of UK Housing Stock energy demand, and 10–14% of UK Housing Stock carbon emissions.
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Energy efficiency in the British Housing Stock: Energy demand and the Homes Energy Efficiency Database
Energy Policy, 2013Co-Authors: Ian Hamilton, Philip Steadman, Hr Bruhns, Alex Summerfield, Robert LoweAbstract:The UK Government has unveiled an ambitious retrofit programme that seeks significant improvement to the energy efficiency of the Housing Stock. High quality data on the energy efficiency of buildings and their related energy demand is critical to supporting and targeting investment in energy efficiency. Using existing home improvement programmes over the past 15 years, the UK Government has brought together data on energy efficiency retrofits in approximately 13 million homes into the Homes Energy Efficiency Database (HEED), along with annual metered gas and electricity use for the period of 2004–2007. This paper describes the HEED sample and assesses its representativeness in terms of dwelling characteristics, the energy demand of different energy performance levels using linked gas and electricity meter data, along with an analysis of the impact retrofit measures has on energy demand. Energy savings are shown to be associated with the installation of loft and cavity insulation, and glazing and boiler replacement. The analysis illustrates this source of ‘in-action’ data can be used to provide empirical estimates of impacts of energy efficiency retrofit on energy demand and provides a source of empirical data from which to support the development of national Housing energy efficiency retrofit policies.
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an exploration of the technical feasibility of achieving co2 emission reductions in excess of 60 within the uk Housing Stock by the year 2050
Energy Policy, 2005Co-Authors: David Johnston, Robert Lowe, M BellAbstract:The aim of this paper is to explore the technological feasibility of achieving CO2 emission reductions in excess of 60% within the UK Housing Stock by the middle of this century. In order to investigate this issue, the paper describes the development of a selectively disaggregated physically based bottom-up energy and CO2 emission model of the UK Housing Stock. This model covers both the energy demand and energy supply side and has been used to develop and evaluate three illustrative scenarios for this sector. The results of the scenarios suggest that it may be technically easier, using currently available technology, to achieve CO2 emission reductions in excess of 80% within the UK Housing Stock by the middle of this century. However, achieving these sorts of reductions will require strategic shifts in both energy supply and demand side technology.
Marta Widlak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the hedonic Housing price index for poland modelling on nbp barn data
Social Science Research Network, 2014Co-Authors: Marta WidlakAbstract:The literature abounds with arguments regarding the relevance of reliable measurement of home prices. The correct measurement of home price growth is very important due to decisions taken by various economic agents and the impact of these decisions on the current situation in the domestic economy and its development. The construction of a reliable home price index is a challenging task mainly due to the nature of the Housing market and Housing itself and availability of relevant data sources concerning this market. The most important issues which have to be addressed by a researcher involved in the measurement of home price trends, are mainly connected with the following two features of a good called Housing and the Housing market itself: heterogeneous nature of a Housing good (there are no two identical Housing goods) and rare turnover in Housing Stock (that is, relatively small number of transactions as compared to the Housing Stock volume). This paper presents solutions to the abovementioned problems. Especially, the paper shows the construction of the hedonic house price index for Poland and describes in detail ts modeling on NBP BaRN data.
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the hedonic Housing price index for poland modelling on nbp barn data
Research Papers in Economics, 2013Co-Authors: Marta WidlakAbstract:The literature abounds with arguments regarding the relevance of reliable measurement of home prices. The correct measurement of home price growth is very important due to decisions taken by various economic agents and the impact of these decisions on the current situation in the domestic economy and its development. The construction of a reliable home price index is a challenging task mainly due to the nature of the Housing market and Housing itself and availability of relevant data sources concerning this market. The most important issues which have to be addressed by a researcher involved in the measurement of home price trends, are mainly connected with the following two features of a good called Housing and the Housing market itself: heterogeneous nature of a Housing good (there are no two identical Housing goods) and rare turnover in Housing Stock (that is, relatively small number of transactions as compared to the Housing Stock volume). This paper presents solutions to the abovementioned problems. Especially, the paper shows the construction of the hedonic house price index for Poland and describes in detail the modeling on NBP BaRN data.