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Heinz Mehlhorn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Length of tick repellency depends on formulation of the repellent compound (Icaridin = Saltidin®): tests on Ixodes persulcatus and Ixodes ricinus placed on hands and clothes
Parasitology Research, 2015Co-Authors: Fathy Abdel-ghaffar, Saleh Al-quraishy, Heinz MehlhornAbstract:The present study had the aim to test the repellent potential of the compound Icaridin = Saltidin® against the tick species Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus using different formulations of the compound. Tests were done on backs of impregnated human hands, on impregnated linen cloth and versus impregnated dog hair. It was found that 1. Ixodes persulcatus —the common Eastern European, Russian Ixodes species is significantly sensitive to Icaridin = Saltidin® as I. ricinus protecting for the test period of 5 h. This is an important finding, since I. persulcatus is the vector of agents of the severe Eastern meningoencephalitis; 2. that this repellent compound acts similarly on both I. ricinus and I. persulcatus , when sprayed either on naked skin or on cloths; 3. that there are only slight differences in duration of the repellency when using different formulations containing Icaridin = Saltidin®; 4. that Icaridin = Saltidin® sprayed on dog hair has identical repellent effects like those seen on human skin and cloths; thus, this compound can also be used to protect animals such as dogs, cats, horses; and 5. that the Icaridin = Saltidin® did not induce a bad sensation on skin, nor bad smells; furthermore, it was not sticky and did not leave residuals neither on clothes nor on dog’s hair.
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length of tick repellency depends on formulation of the repellent compound Icaridin saltidin tests on ixodes persulcatus and ixodes ricinus placed on hands and clothes
Parasitology Research, 2015Co-Authors: Fathy Abdelghaffar, Saleh Alquraishy, Heinz MehlhornAbstract:The present study had the aim to test the repellent potential of the compound Icaridin = Saltidin® against the tick species Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus using different formulations of the compound. Tests were done on backs of impregnated human hands, on impregnated linen cloth and versus impregnated dog hair. It was found that 1. Ixodes persulcatus—the common Eastern European, Russian Ixodes species is significantly sensitive to Icaridin = Saltidin® as I. ricinus protecting for the test period of 5 h. This is an important finding, since I. persulcatus is the vector of agents of the severe Eastern meningoencephalitis; 2. that this repellent compound acts similarly on both I. ricinus and I. persulcatus, when sprayed either on naked skin or on cloths; 3. that there are only slight differences in duration of the repellency when using different formulations containing Icaridin = Saltidin®; 4. that Icaridin = Saltidin® sprayed on dog hair has identical repellent effects like those seen on human skin and cloths; thus, this compound can also be used to protect animals such as dogs, cats, horses; and 5. that the Icaridin = Saltidin® did not induce a bad sensation on skin, nor bad smells; furthermore, it was not sticky and did not leave residuals neither on clothes nor on dog’s hair.
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Comparison of the tick repellent efficacy of chemical and biological products originating from Europe and the USA
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Margit Semmler, Fathy Abdel-ghaffar, Khaled A. S. Al-rasheid, Heinz MehlhornAbstract:The present paper investigates the efficacy of common anti-tick repellents in Europe and in the USA. There were tested Ixodes ricinus , Dermacentor reticulatus, and Rhipcephalus sanguineus when they are placed onto hands and clothes of male and female humans being treated with common tick repellents. It was seen that DEET needed high concentrations to repel ticks, while essential oils are mostly inefficient. On the other hand saltidin=Icaridin, p-menthan-diol and IR 3535 showed long-lasting effects, which in the case of combinations of saltidin and Vitex extracts were even increased.
Fathy Abdel-ghaffar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Length of tick repellency depends on formulation of the repellent compound (Icaridin = Saltidin®): tests on Ixodes persulcatus and Ixodes ricinus placed on hands and clothes
Parasitology Research, 2015Co-Authors: Fathy Abdel-ghaffar, Saleh Al-quraishy, Heinz MehlhornAbstract:The present study had the aim to test the repellent potential of the compound Icaridin = Saltidin® against the tick species Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus using different formulations of the compound. Tests were done on backs of impregnated human hands, on impregnated linen cloth and versus impregnated dog hair. It was found that 1. Ixodes persulcatus —the common Eastern European, Russian Ixodes species is significantly sensitive to Icaridin = Saltidin® as I. ricinus protecting for the test period of 5 h. This is an important finding, since I. persulcatus is the vector of agents of the severe Eastern meningoencephalitis; 2. that this repellent compound acts similarly on both I. ricinus and I. persulcatus , when sprayed either on naked skin or on cloths; 3. that there are only slight differences in duration of the repellency when using different formulations containing Icaridin = Saltidin®; 4. that Icaridin = Saltidin® sprayed on dog hair has identical repellent effects like those seen on human skin and cloths; thus, this compound can also be used to protect animals such as dogs, cats, horses; and 5. that the Icaridin = Saltidin® did not induce a bad sensation on skin, nor bad smells; furthermore, it was not sticky and did not leave residuals neither on clothes nor on dog’s hair.
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Comparison of the tick repellent efficacy of chemical and biological products originating from Europe and the USA
Parasitology Research, 2011Co-Authors: Margit Semmler, Fathy Abdel-ghaffar, Khaled A. S. Al-rasheid, Heinz MehlhornAbstract:The present paper investigates the efficacy of common anti-tick repellents in Europe and in the USA. There were tested Ixodes ricinus , Dermacentor reticulatus, and Rhipcephalus sanguineus when they are placed onto hands and clothes of male and female humans being treated with common tick repellents. It was seen that DEET needed high concentrations to repel ticks, while essential oils are mostly inefficient. On the other hand saltidin=Icaridin, p-menthan-diol and IR 3535 showed long-lasting effects, which in the case of combinations of saltidin and Vitex extracts were even increased.
Han Han - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Metabolism profiles of icariin in rats using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry and in vitro enzymatic study
Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences, 2016Co-Authors: Tao Cheng, Yaxiong Yi, Tingting Sheng, Tong Zhang, Han HanAbstract:Icariin (ICA), the major constituent of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim, is recognized as an effective agent for the treatment of osteoporosis. In our previous report, the relatively short half-life (74??min) and poor bioavailability (approximately 0.1%) of ICA in rats suggested that not only ICA itself but also its metabolites could be responsible for the observed osteoporosis treatment effect. Therefore, the present study aimed at identifying the metabolites of ICA in rat plasma, bile, urine, and feces after the administration of a single oral dose of ICA (150??mg/kg). In this work, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS) method was established to identify the metabolic profiles following intragastric administration of pure ICA in rats. The blood, bile, urine, and feces samples of the rats were investigated to explore the complete metabolic pathway of ICA in vivo. A total of 14 metabolites were detected in the bile, revealing that the bile is the main excretion pathway for ICA and its metabolites. The conjugated metabolites as observed in vivo, was further confirmed by the in vitro enzymatic study. Five metabolites of ICA, including demethylicariin, icariside I-3-O-glucuronide, demethylicariside II, demethylicariside II-7-O-glucuronide, and dehydroxyicaritin-glucuronide, were reported for the first time in the literature. In addition, the results revealed that the principal metabolism pathways of ICA in rat were deglycosylation and glucuronidation after deglycosylation.
Fathy Abdelghaffar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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length of tick repellency depends on formulation of the repellent compound Icaridin saltidin tests on ixodes persulcatus and ixodes ricinus placed on hands and clothes
Parasitology Research, 2015Co-Authors: Fathy Abdelghaffar, Saleh Alquraishy, Heinz MehlhornAbstract:The present study had the aim to test the repellent potential of the compound Icaridin = Saltidin® against the tick species Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus using different formulations of the compound. Tests were done on backs of impregnated human hands, on impregnated linen cloth and versus impregnated dog hair. It was found that 1. Ixodes persulcatus—the common Eastern European, Russian Ixodes species is significantly sensitive to Icaridin = Saltidin® as I. ricinus protecting for the test period of 5 h. This is an important finding, since I. persulcatus is the vector of agents of the severe Eastern meningoencephalitis; 2. that this repellent compound acts similarly on both I. ricinus and I. persulcatus, when sprayed either on naked skin or on cloths; 3. that there are only slight differences in duration of the repellency when using different formulations containing Icaridin = Saltidin®; 4. that Icaridin = Saltidin® sprayed on dog hair has identical repellent effects like those seen on human skin and cloths; thus, this compound can also be used to protect animals such as dogs, cats, horses; and 5. that the Icaridin = Saltidin® did not induce a bad sensation on skin, nor bad smells; furthermore, it was not sticky and did not leave residuals neither on clothes nor on dog’s hair.
Fan Hu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simultaneous determination of notoginsenoside r1 ginsenoside rg1 re rb1 and icariin in rat plasma by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Journal of Chromatography B, 2009Co-Authors: Guifeng Deng, Dingli Wang, Mingxin Meng, Fan HuAbstract:Abstract An ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for identification and quantification of five major bioactive components in rat plasma after oral administration of Qihuotongqiao tablets. The analysis was performed on an Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm; Waters, USA) utilizing a gradient elution profile and a mobile phase consisting of (A) water containing 0.5 mM ammonium chloride and (B) acetonitrile. Electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem interface was employed prior to mass spectrometric detection. The calibration curve was linear over the range of 4.2–416.0 ng/mL for notoginsenoside R1, 38.4–3840.0 ng/mL for ginsenoside Rg1, 3.7–368.0 ng/mL for ginsenoside Re, 37.6–5640.0 ng/mL ginsenoside Rb1 and 4.5–448.0 ng/mL for icariin, respectively. The average accuracies ranged from 87.2 to 109.3% with RSD ≤ 13.7%. The results indicated that ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS) provided improved chromatographic parameters resulting in significantly increased sample throughput including lower solvent consumption and lower limits of quantitation (LLOQ) for most of target analytes compared to previous method employing conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation. So, the established method was validated, sensitive and reliable for the determination of five major bioactive components in rat plasma.