The Experts below are selected from a list of 21429 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jan De Houwer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Shape of Belief: Developing a Mousetracking-Based Relational Implicit Measure:
Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2020Co-Authors: Jamie Cummins, Jan De HouwerAbstract:The Propositional Evaluation Paradigm (PEP) has recently shown promise as a relational Implicit Measure (i.e., an Implicit Measure which can specify how stimuli are related). Whereas the standard P...
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The development and validation of an Implicit Measure of competence need satisfaction
Motivation and Emotion, 2018Co-Authors: Jolene Kaap-deeder, Jan De Houwer, Adriaan Spruyt, Sean Hughes, Maarten VansteenkisteAbstract:Research on self-determination theory has typically relied on explicit Measures when examining the concept of competence need satisfaction. As a result, we know relatively little about competence need satisfaction that arises under conditions of automaticity. Across four studies, we developed and validated Implicit Measures of competence need satisfaction by drawing on two tasks: a relational variant of the Implicit association test (IAT; Study 1, 3, and 4) and the Implicit relational assessment procedure (IRAP; Study 2–3). Results across these studies revealed that both Implicit Measures were either unrelated or moderately related to their explicit counterpart. They were also unrelated to one another. Unlike the IRAP, the IAT was found to be reliable, to display discriminant validity, and to yield meaningful but modest relations with constructs in a nomological network. Together, these results provide modest support for the usefulness of the competence need satisfaction IAT but not of the competence need satisfaction IRAP as an Implicit Measure of the need for competence. Future research examining the unique predictive value of this IAT is needed, together with research on possible explanations for the low reliability of the IRAP.
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the relational responding task toward a new Implicit Measure of beliefs
Frontiers in Psychology, 2015Co-Authors: Jan De Houwer, Adriaan Spruyt, Niclas Heider, Arne Roets, Sean Joseph HughesAbstract:We introduce the Relational Responding Task (RRT) as a tool for capturing beliefs at the Implicit level. Flemish participants were asked to respond as if they believed that Flemish people are more intelligent than immigrants (e.g., respond “true” to the statement “Flemish people are wiser than immigrants”) or to respond as if they believed that immigrants are more intelligent than Flemish people (e.g., respond “true” to the statement “Flemish people are dumber than immigrants”). The difference in performance between these two tasks correlated with ratings of the extent to which participants explicitly endorsed the belief that Flemish people are more intelligent than immigrants and with questionnaire Measures of subtle and blatant racism. The current study provides a first step towards validating RRT effects as a viable Measure of Implicit beliefs.
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affective compatibility between stimuli and response goals a primer for a new Implicit Measure of attitudes
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Andreas B Eder, Klaus Rothermund, Jan De HouwerAbstract:We examined whether a voluntary response becomes associated with the (affective) meaning of intended response effects. Four experiments revealed that coupling a keypress with positive or negative consequences produces affective compatibility effects when the keypress has to be executed in response to positively or negatively evaluated stimulus categories. In Experiment 1, positive words were evaluated faster with a keypress that turned the words ON (versus OFF), whereas negative words were evaluated faster with a keypress that turned the words OFF (versus ON). Experiment 2 showed that this compatibility effect is reversed if an aversive tone is turned ON and OFF with keypresses. Experiment 3 revealed that keypresses acquire an affective meaning even when the association between the responses and their effects is variable and intentionally reconfigured before each trial. Experiment 4 used affective response effects to assess Implicit in-group favoritism, showing that the Measure is sensitive to the valence of categories and not to the valence of exemplars. Results support the hypothesis that behavioral reactions become associated with the affective meaning of the intended response goal, which has important implications for the understanding and construction of Implicit attitude Measures.
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self esteem revisited performance on the Implicit relational assessment procedure as a Measure of self versus ideal self related cognitions in dysphoria
Cognition & Emotion, 2013Co-Authors: Jonathan Remue, Jan De Houwer, Dermot Barnesholmes, Marieanne Vanderhasselt, Rudi De RaedtAbstract:Although depression is characterised by low self-esteem as Measured by questionnaires, research using Implicit Measures of self-esteem has failed to reveal the expected differences between depressed and non-depressed individuals. In this study, we used an Implicit Measure which enables the differentiation of ideal self- and actual self-esteem, through the introduction of propositions: "I am" versus "I want to be". We Measured Implicit relational associations about actual and ideal self in low (N=27) versus high dysphoric (N=29) undergraduates. Our data revealed that dysphoric individuals have a higher ideal self-esteem, and lower actual self-esteem in comparison to healthy participants. The results underscore the need to go beyond simple associations and suggest that the use of individual-specific propositions could enhance our understanding of the Implicit Measurement of self-esteem. Furthermore, these results underscore the importance of actual versus ideal self-discrepancy theories, which might guide the content of therapeutic interventions.
Claire-lise Ackermann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Consumer response to service brand physical elements: Using a semantic priming task to explore Implicit understanding of service brand meaning
Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 2019Co-Authors: Imène Belboula, Claire-lise AckermannAbstract:Abstract Consumers' responses to design features involve both conscious and non-conscious information processing. The current research therefore argues that a combination of explicit and Implicit Measures should be used to assess consumer understanding of service brand meaning conveyed by a service brand's physical elements. However, most methods traditionally used to evaluate design meaning are explicit methods, based on conscious cognitive processes. The current research addresses this gap by documenting how understanding of service brand meaning conveyed by a service brand's physical elements can be tapped by an Implicit Measure. More specifically, it aims to investigate the extent to which a greater ability to decode meaning conveyed by design features results in differences in Implicit understanding of service brand meaning. This research uses a Semantic Priming Task to assess associative strength between brand meaning and a service brand's physical elements. Results (N = 157) show that command of the design language, captured by design acumen and involvement in the product category, results in greater ability to Implicitly understand brand meaning conveyed by a service brand's physical elements, and moderates the Implicit-explicit relationship. Results suggest that combining Implicit and explicit Measures may help practitioners in charge of creating brand's physical elements, especially when associations between design types and brand impressions are not constant across product categories.
Fred Luthans - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Not Me, But Reflects Me: Validating a Simple Implicit Measure of Psychological Capital
Journal of personality assessment, 2018Co-Authors: Peter D. Harms, Dina V. Krasikova, Fred LuthansAbstract:We propose the recently introduced Implicit Measure of psychological capital (PsyCap), the Implicit Psychological Capital Questionnaire (I-PCQ; Harms & Luthans, 2012), can provide a needed valid alternative to the self-report Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ). We explain the development of the I-PCQ items, assess the structural validity of the instrument, test its vulnerability to response distortion, and assess its capacity to predicting work attitudes and behaviors vis-a-vis the PCQ and Big Five personality facets. We found that the I-PCQ demonstrated acceptable structural validity that was consistent with and added to prior theorizing, was resistant to response distortion, and predicted work outcomes above and beyond the widely used self-report PCQ and Big Five personality traits. We conclude that the I-PCQ represents a valid, easily administered Measure of psychological capital that minimizes problems associated with self-reports and is appropriate for use in work settings.
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positive projections and health an initial validation of the Implicit psychological capital health Measure
Applied Psychology, 2017Co-Authors: Peter D. Harms, Adam J Vanhove, Fred LuthansAbstract:In this set of studies, we conduct an initial validation of the Implicit Psychological Capital Questionnaire-Health (IPCQ-H), a short, easy to administer and score Measure of psychological capital designed to reflect Implicit schemas or cognitions surrounding one's health. The results of two studies demonstrate that the Implicit Measure of IPCQ-H is correlated with an explicit PsyCap-Health Measure (PCQ-H), but has very little construct overlap with Measures of personality. Moreover, scores of the IPCQ-H were stable over time. Study 2 documents the predictive validity of the IPCQ-H with a number of physical and mental health outcomes. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Bertram Gawronski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluative priming as an Implicit Measure of evaluation an examination of outlier treatments for evaluative priming scores
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2020Co-Authors: Judith Koppehelegossel, Lisa Hoffmann, Rainer Banse, Bertram GawronskiAbstract:Abstract Evaluative priming is based on the notion that evaluative classifications of target stimuli are faster (vs. slower) when they are preceded by a prime stimulus of the same (vs. opposite) valence. Although evaluative priming is widely used as an Implicit Measure of evaluation, there is no common procedure for the treatment of response-latency outliers. To address this limitation, four studies examined common outlier-treatments in terms of (1) the overall size of evaluative priming effects, (2) their internal consistency, and (3) their relation to corresponding explicit Measures in the domains of conditioned attitudes (Study 1), political attitudes (Study 2), racial attitudes (Study 3), and ethnic attitudes (Study 4). The algorithm with the best performance uses a priori cutoffs of 300 ms and 1000 ms, treating response times beyond these cutoffs as missing values. Internal consistency was low for all algorithms, indicating limits in the usefulness of evaluative priming for correlational studies.
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What do Implicit Measures Measure
Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Cognitive science, 2019Co-Authors: Michael Brownstein, Alex Madva, Bertram GawronskiAbstract:We identify several ongoing debates related to Implicit Measures, surveying prominent views and considerations in each. First, we summarize the debate regarding whether performance on Implicit Measures is explained by conscious or unconscious representations. Second, we discuss the cognitive structure of the operative constructs: are they associatively or propositionally structured? Third, we review debates about whether performance on Implicit Measures reflects traits or states. Fourth, we discuss the question of whether a person's performance on an Implicit Measure reflects characteristics of the person who is taking the test or characteristics of the situation in which the person is taking the test. Finally, we survey the debate about the relationship between Implicit Measures and (other kinds of) behavior. This article is categorized under: Philosophy > Representation Psychology > Theory and Methods Psychology > Prediction Philosophy > Psychological Capacities.
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Validating the semantic misattribution procedure as an Implicit Measure of gender stereotyping
European Journal of Social Psychology, 2017Co-Authors: Bertram GawronskiAbstract:The current research tested the validity of the semantic misattribution procedure (SMP)—a variant of the affect misattribution procedure—as an Implicit Measure of gender stereotyping. In three studies (N = 604), prime words of gender-stereotypical occupations (e.g., nurse, doctor) influenced participants’ guesses of whether unknown Chinese ideographs referred to male or female names in a stereotype-congruent manner. Priming scores of gender stereotyping showed high internal consistency and construct-valid correlations with explicit Measures of sexism. Discriminant validity of gender stereotyping scores was tested by investigating relations with priming effects involving grammatical gender (e.g., mother, father). Evidence for discriminant validity was obtained when (1) trials from the two priming Measures were presented in a blocked rather than interspersed manner and (2) the Measure of stereotypical gender priming preceded the Measure of grammatical gender priming. Overall, the SMP showed good psychometric properties and construct validity for the assessment of gender stereotyping.
Imène Belboula - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Consumer response to service brand physical elements: Using a semantic priming task to explore Implicit understanding of service brand meaning
Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 2019Co-Authors: Imène Belboula, Claire-lise AckermannAbstract:Abstract Consumers' responses to design features involve both conscious and non-conscious information processing. The current research therefore argues that a combination of explicit and Implicit Measures should be used to assess consumer understanding of service brand meaning conveyed by a service brand's physical elements. However, most methods traditionally used to evaluate design meaning are explicit methods, based on conscious cognitive processes. The current research addresses this gap by documenting how understanding of service brand meaning conveyed by a service brand's physical elements can be tapped by an Implicit Measure. More specifically, it aims to investigate the extent to which a greater ability to decode meaning conveyed by design features results in differences in Implicit understanding of service brand meaning. This research uses a Semantic Priming Task to assess associative strength between brand meaning and a service brand's physical elements. Results (N = 157) show that command of the design language, captured by design acumen and involvement in the product category, results in greater ability to Implicitly understand brand meaning conveyed by a service brand's physical elements, and moderates the Implicit-explicit relationship. Results suggest that combining Implicit and explicit Measures may help practitioners in charge of creating brand's physical elements, especially when associations between design types and brand impressions are not constant across product categories.
