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Maria Izabel Camargo Mathias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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study of the Mandibular Glands of ant workers atta sexdens rubropilosa forel 1908 hymenoptera formicidae focusing the ultrastructural cytochemistry
American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: Lorena Favaro Pavon, Maria Izabel Camargo MathiasAbstract:The Mandibular Glands of hymenopterans in general are paired structures located on each side of the head. These Glands possess an excretory duct located at the internal surface of the mandible articulation, through which these Glands release the secretion they produce. The Mandibular Glands of the minima, media and soldier worker of the ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa were analyzed by the methods of ultrastructural cytochemistry to verify the composition of the produced secretions. The results evidenced the presence of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids in the different portions of the Mandibular Glands. The cytochemistry also showed that the lipids present in the Mandibular gland of the individuals of three worker castes would have at least two different sources: the smooth endoplasmic reticulum as well as the mitochondria present in the secretory cells cytoplasm. The present study showed that the Mandibular Glands of the individuals of the three worker castes of A. s. rubropilosa mainly the soldiers and media workers, who are individuals that perform tasks outside the nests and are thus more exposed to predation and/or infection and also the minima workers, who take care of the fungal culture, produce compounds that could play roles in alarm and/or defense.
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analysis of the differential gene expression by the dd rtpcr technique of workers atta sexdens rubropilosa Mandibular Glands hymenoptera formicidae
American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: Lorena Favaro Pavon, Maria Izabel Camargo Mathias, Flavio Meirelles, Mauricio BacciAbstract:The DD-RTPCR technique is becoming more efficient nowadays to isolate and characterize genes differentially expressed among cells, tissues or individuals, being used here, for the first time in the study of Mandibular Glands of minina and media workers and soldiers of the ant species Atta sexdens rubropilosa. The expression profile of bands (transcripts), obtained in the present study, permitted the grouping of gene fragments into three distinctive classes. Class I fragments corresponded with those called constitutive genes, which could be associated with the metabolic processes of the Mandibular Glands. Class II could be the ones that would be codifying more important products in more specific stages than in others, related to the tasks performed in the colony by individuals of different castes. Class III gene fragments (transcripts 1, 2 and 3) must be caste-specific and they were found in the Mandibular Glands of soldiers (T1), media workers (T2) and minima workers (T3), respectively. Therefore the present study, besides having highlighted the differential gene expression in the Mandibular Glands of individuals of three castes of A. s. rubropilosa, demonstrated that the DD-RTPCR technique can be one more tool to be used in gene expression analysis, including establishing intra and inter-caste relations in insects.
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ultrastructural studies of the Mandibular Glands of the minima media and soldier ants of atta sexdens rubropilosa forel 1908 hymenoptera formicidae
Micron, 2005Co-Authors: Lorena Favaro Pavon, Maria Izabel Camargo MathiasAbstract:Abstract The Mandibular Glands of Hymenoptera are structures associated with the mandibles and constitute part of the salivary Glands system. Histological studies in workers of Atta sexdens rubropilosa revealed that this gland contains two portions: a secretory and a storage portion or reservoir. Both portions are connected by means of canaliculi. The object of the present work was the study of the ultratructure of the Mandibular Glands of minima, media and soldier ant of A. s. rubropilosa by TEM techniques. The Glands, in the three castes studied, possess a reservoir, constituted by a simple pavementous epithelium surrounded by the cuticular intima and the secretory portion is constituted by cells of rounded shape. The secretory cells, mainly of minima and soldier, were rich in smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The media worker and soldier presented a large number of mitochondria, of varying shape. Well-developed Golgi complexes were also present in the soldiers. The secretory cells in minima, media and soldier were provided with collecting intracellular canaliculi, which were linked to the reservoir through the extracellular portion. The cytoplasm of the canaliculi-forming cell was poor in organelles. In the individuals of the three castes of A. s. rubropilosa , the presence of lipid secretion granules suggested, beyond the other functions, also a possible pheromonal action. The different roles executed by the different insect castes are directly dependent on the glandular products and, consequently, on the secretory cellular characteristics.
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histochemistry and protein profile of the Mandibular Glands of workers of the ant atta sexdens rubropilosa hymenoptera formicidae
Cytologia, 2004Co-Authors: Lorena Favaro Pavon, Maria Izabel Camargo MathiasAbstract:Insect Mandibular Glands are always associated to the mandibles; they are part of the salivary glandular system. The Mandibular Glands are composed by a reservoir associated to the secretory cells, with each secretory cell connected to the reservoir by means of individual canaliculi. These Glands play an important role in the production of pheromones, which are compounds involved in defense, communication, and reproduction of the colony. Mandibular Glands of soldiers and major and minor workers of the ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa were processed for different histochemical tests, total protein content, and protein electrophoretic profile determination. The histochemical tests detected the presence of lipids, DNA/RNA, polysaccharides, and proteins at different regions of the gland. The protein electrophoretic profiles showed that the total protein content as well as the number of peptides of each caste follow a progressive order in relation to the size of the individual. Thus, we suggest that the production of secretion is directly linked to the task that the individual performs in the colony.
Lorena Favaro Pavon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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study of the Mandibular Glands of ant workers atta sexdens rubropilosa forel 1908 hymenoptera formicidae focusing the ultrastructural cytochemistry
American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: Lorena Favaro Pavon, Maria Izabel Camargo MathiasAbstract:The Mandibular Glands of hymenopterans in general are paired structures located on each side of the head. These Glands possess an excretory duct located at the internal surface of the mandible articulation, through which these Glands release the secretion they produce. The Mandibular Glands of the minima, media and soldier worker of the ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa were analyzed by the methods of ultrastructural cytochemistry to verify the composition of the produced secretions. The results evidenced the presence of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids in the different portions of the Mandibular Glands. The cytochemistry also showed that the lipids present in the Mandibular gland of the individuals of three worker castes would have at least two different sources: the smooth endoplasmic reticulum as well as the mitochondria present in the secretory cells cytoplasm. The present study showed that the Mandibular Glands of the individuals of the three worker castes of A. s. rubropilosa mainly the soldiers and media workers, who are individuals that perform tasks outside the nests and are thus more exposed to predation and/or infection and also the minima workers, who take care of the fungal culture, produce compounds that could play roles in alarm and/or defense.
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analysis of the differential gene expression by the dd rtpcr technique of workers atta sexdens rubropilosa Mandibular Glands hymenoptera formicidae
American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: Lorena Favaro Pavon, Maria Izabel Camargo Mathias, Flavio Meirelles, Mauricio BacciAbstract:The DD-RTPCR technique is becoming more efficient nowadays to isolate and characterize genes differentially expressed among cells, tissues or individuals, being used here, for the first time in the study of Mandibular Glands of minina and media workers and soldiers of the ant species Atta sexdens rubropilosa. The expression profile of bands (transcripts), obtained in the present study, permitted the grouping of gene fragments into three distinctive classes. Class I fragments corresponded with those called constitutive genes, which could be associated with the metabolic processes of the Mandibular Glands. Class II could be the ones that would be codifying more important products in more specific stages than in others, related to the tasks performed in the colony by individuals of different castes. Class III gene fragments (transcripts 1, 2 and 3) must be caste-specific and they were found in the Mandibular Glands of soldiers (T1), media workers (T2) and minima workers (T3), respectively. Therefore the present study, besides having highlighted the differential gene expression in the Mandibular Glands of individuals of three castes of A. s. rubropilosa, demonstrated that the DD-RTPCR technique can be one more tool to be used in gene expression analysis, including establishing intra and inter-caste relations in insects.
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ultrastructural studies of the Mandibular Glands of the minima media and soldier ants of atta sexdens rubropilosa forel 1908 hymenoptera formicidae
Micron, 2005Co-Authors: Lorena Favaro Pavon, Maria Izabel Camargo MathiasAbstract:Abstract The Mandibular Glands of Hymenoptera are structures associated with the mandibles and constitute part of the salivary Glands system. Histological studies in workers of Atta sexdens rubropilosa revealed that this gland contains two portions: a secretory and a storage portion or reservoir. Both portions are connected by means of canaliculi. The object of the present work was the study of the ultratructure of the Mandibular Glands of minima, media and soldier ant of A. s. rubropilosa by TEM techniques. The Glands, in the three castes studied, possess a reservoir, constituted by a simple pavementous epithelium surrounded by the cuticular intima and the secretory portion is constituted by cells of rounded shape. The secretory cells, mainly of minima and soldier, were rich in smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The media worker and soldier presented a large number of mitochondria, of varying shape. Well-developed Golgi complexes were also present in the soldiers. The secretory cells in minima, media and soldier were provided with collecting intracellular canaliculi, which were linked to the reservoir through the extracellular portion. The cytoplasm of the canaliculi-forming cell was poor in organelles. In the individuals of the three castes of A. s. rubropilosa , the presence of lipid secretion granules suggested, beyond the other functions, also a possible pheromonal action. The different roles executed by the different insect castes are directly dependent on the glandular products and, consequently, on the secretory cellular characteristics.
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histochemistry and protein profile of the Mandibular Glands of workers of the ant atta sexdens rubropilosa hymenoptera formicidae
Cytologia, 2004Co-Authors: Lorena Favaro Pavon, Maria Izabel Camargo MathiasAbstract:Insect Mandibular Glands are always associated to the mandibles; they are part of the salivary glandular system. The Mandibular Glands are composed by a reservoir associated to the secretory cells, with each secretory cell connected to the reservoir by means of individual canaliculi. These Glands play an important role in the production of pheromones, which are compounds involved in defense, communication, and reproduction of the colony. Mandibular Glands of soldiers and major and minor workers of the ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa were processed for different histochemical tests, total protein content, and protein electrophoretic profile determination. The histochemical tests detected the presence of lipids, DNA/RNA, polysaccharides, and proteins at different regions of the gland. The protein electrophoretic profiles showed that the total protein content as well as the number of peptides of each caste follow a progressive order in relation to the size of the individual. Thus, we suggest that the production of secretion is directly linked to the task that the individual performs in the colony.
Terezinha Maria Castro Della Lucia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Response of workers of Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) to Mandibular gland compounds of virgin males and females
Physiological Entomology, 2007Co-Authors: J. Maurício S. Bento, Terezinha Maria Castro Della Lucia, Ruth R. Do Nascimento, Jan Bergmann, E. David MorganAbstract:The secretion from the Mandibular Glands of males of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa is responsible for the reaction of workers outside the nest at the time of sexual swarming. Workers respond with excitability and aggression when presented with the natural mixture of 4-methyl-3-heptanol and 4-methyl-3-heptanone, which is contained in the secretion of the male Mandibular Glands. Workers respond quickly to fractional amounts of one male equivalent. 4-Methyl-3-heptanone, from the virgin female Mandibular Glands causes much less response in workers, whereas an equimolar mixture of male and female pheromones gives a still less clear response. The male pheromone plays the most important part in the communication of workers outside the nest at this time.
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absolute configuration of 4 methyl 3 heptanone and 4 methyl 3 heptanol from Mandibular Glands of virgin males and females of atta sexdens rubropilosa
Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1997Co-Authors: Ruth Do R Nascimento, David E Morgan, W Konig, Terezinha Maria Castro Della LuciaAbstract:(S)-;(+)-4-Methyl-3-heptanone is the principal component in the secretion from the Mandibular Glands of unmated and mated males and females ofAtta sexdens rubropilosa. In mated and unmated females, it is essentially the only component in the glandular secretion. In unmated males up to 50% of the secretion is a mixture of (3S, 4S)- and (3R, 4S)-4-methyl-3-heptanol. After mating, the amount of alcohol in the males decreases markedly.
E. David Morgan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Response of workers of Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) to Mandibular gland compounds of virgin males and females
Physiological Entomology, 2007Co-Authors: J. Maurício S. Bento, Terezinha Maria Castro Della Lucia, Ruth R. Do Nascimento, Jan Bergmann, E. David MorganAbstract:The secretion from the Mandibular Glands of males of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa is responsible for the reaction of workers outside the nest at the time of sexual swarming. Workers respond with excitability and aggression when presented with the natural mixture of 4-methyl-3-heptanol and 4-methyl-3-heptanone, which is contained in the secretion of the male Mandibular Glands. Workers respond quickly to fractional amounts of one male equivalent. 4-Methyl-3-heptanone, from the virgin female Mandibular Glands causes much less response in workers, whereas an equimolar mixture of male and female pheromones gives a still less clear response. The male pheromone plays the most important part in the communication of workers outside the nest at this time.
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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF Mandibular GLAND SECRETIONS OF WORKERS OF PONERINE ANTS
Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1999Co-Authors: E. David Morgan, Ruth R. Do Nascimento, Sarah J. Keegans, Johan BillenAbstract:The chemical contents of the Mandibular Glands of workers of eight species of ponerine ants have been analyzed and quantified. In three species (Ectatomma sp. from Brazil, Odontomachus bauri, and Pachycondyla striata) the contents were essentially a mixture of alkylpyrazines only. Three species (Odontoponera transversa, Pachycondyla indica, and Pachycondyla obscuricornis) contained a mixture of alkylpyrazines and oxygenated compounds and some simple terpenes; and the remaining two (Diacamma vagans and a Diacamma sp. from India) had only oxygenated compounds present. The two Diacamma species were notable in containing a dioxaspiroundecane (a spiroketal), not hitherto found in ants. All the 33 known Mandibular gland analyses of workers of ponerine ant species have been brought together in order to seek some pattern in the type of glandular contents. Although the majority (24 species) produce alkylpyrazines, there is no observable pattern on a tribe or genus level.
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Insect chemical communication: Pheromones and exocrine Glands of ants
CHEMOECOLOGY, 1993Co-Authors: Brian D. Jackson, E. David MorganAbstract:Chemical communication plays a very important role in the lives of many social insects. Several different types of pheromones (species-specific chemical messengers) of ants have been described, particularly those involved in recruitment, recognition, territorial and alarm behaviours. Properties of pheromones include activity in minute quantities (thus requiring sensitive methods for chemical analysis) and specificity (which can have chemotaxonomic uses). Ants produce pheromones in various exocrine Glands, such as the Dufour, poison, pygidial and Mandibular Glands. A wide range of substances have been identified from these Glands.
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Species-specific secretions of the dufour Glands of three species of formicine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 1991Co-Authors: Anne Geneviève Bagnères, E. David Morgan, Jean Luc ClementAbstract:The Dufour Glands of F. selysi and C. lateralis have been examined for the first time, and those of F. rufibarbis are re-examined. The secretion of F. selysi is similar to (but distinguishable from) that of F lemani, with chiefly undecane and smaller amounts of other linear and some branched hydrocarbons. The gland of F rufibarbis contains hydrocarbons, esters, alcohols and lactones, with decyl acetate the major substance followed by undecane. Three alkyl formates have also been identified in the mixture. No farnesene isomers or homologues were detected. C. lateralis also belongs to tne group of formicine ants that produces a mixture of hydrocarbons and related oxygenated compounds. Its major components are tridecane followed by tetradecyl acetate but for some individuals 99% of the secretion consisted of tridecane and 5-pentadecane only. The composition of the single queen's gland was not different. Each of these species produces a blend of substances not found in any otherspecies yet examined. All three have relatively large Glands with more than 1 μg secretion, on average. The heads and dissected Mandibular Glands were also examined but no quantity of material was found that indicated the Mandibular Glands contained volatile pheromones. © 1991.
Yaacov Lensky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ontogeny of the fine structure of the Mandibular Glands of the honeybee apis mellifera l workers and the pheromonal activity of 2 heptanone
Journal of Insect Physiology, 1991Co-Authors: A Vallet, P Cassier, Yaacov LenskyAbstract:Abstract In the present study we have tried to: (1) correlate, according to the age and polyethism of worker bees, the ontogeny of their Mandibular Glands and the age-dependent changes of 2-heptanone levels and (2) evaluate the role of 2-heptanone in some social behavioural interactions of the honeybee. 1. (1) Each Mandibular gland of the worker honeybee, Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae), consists of an axial cavity lined with a thin cuticular intima elaborated by a flat epithelium, and of numerous glandular units (type 3), each with a duct cell and a large polyploid glandular cell. Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are preponderant organelles. The Golgi apparatus is reduced; its activity is lysosomal. With increasing age, the size of the gland and the amount of 2-heptanone per headspace sample progressively increased. The increasing quantity of 2-heptanone from 0.1 μl at emergence to 7 μl in foraging bees, is strictly correlated with hypertrophy of the mitochondria, which are engaged in the production of heterogeneous bodies. 2. (2) Similar age-dependent changes of 2-heptanone levels were found in Mandibular Glands of workers from docile and aggressive colonies and the amount of 2-heptanone in foraging bees of the two groups was alike. Neither crushed Glands nor 2-heptanone showed any direct effect as an alarm pheromone on guardian bees at hive entrances. 2-heptanone had either an attractive or a repulsive effect on guards, according to the season; it showed a repulsive effect when added to sucrose solution which was visited by foragers. 2-heptanone had a temporary, repulsive effect on the visitation of flowers by foraging bees, hence it seems to act as a “forage-marking” pheromone. 2-heptanone does not inhibit the germination of pollen grains.