The Experts below are selected from a list of 6528 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Longxing Wei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The Bilingual Mental Lexicon and Lemmatic Transfer in Second Language Learning
English Language Teaching and Linguistics Studies, 2020Co-Authors: Longxing WeiAbstract:There have been numerous studies of first L anguage (L1) transfer in second L anguage (L2) learning. Various models have been proposed to explore the sources of language transfer and have also caused many controversies over the nature of language transfer and its effects on interlanguage. Different from most previous studies remaining at a surface level of observation, this study proposes an abstract approach, which is abstract because it goes beyond any superficial observation and description by exploring the nature and activity of the bilingual Mental Lexicon in L2 learning. This approach adopts the Bilingual Lemma Activation Model (BLAM) (Wei, 2006a, 2006b) and tests its crucial assumptions and claims: The bilingual Mental Lexicon does not simply contain lexemes but abstract entries, called “lemmas”, about them; lemmas in the bilingual Mental Lexicon are language-specific; language-specific lemmas in the bilingual Mental Lexicon are in contact in L2 learning, lemmas underlying L1 abstract lexical structure may replace those underlying L2 abstract lexical structure. Lemmas in the bilingual Mental Lexicon are about three levels of abstract lexical structure: lexical-conceptual structure, predicate-argument structure, and morphological realization patterns. The typical instances of L1 lemma transfer in L2 learning are discussed and explained in support of the BLAM.
-
The Multilingual Mental Lexicon and Lemma Transfer in Third Language Learning
International Journal of Multilingualism, 2006Co-Authors: Longxing WeiAbstract:From some psycholinguistic perspectives, this study examines language transfer by exploring the nature of the multilingual Mental Lexicon in relation to sources of language transfer. It assumes that the multilingual Mental Lexicon contains not only lexemes but also language-specific lemmas; language-specific lemmas may activate language-specific morphosyntactic procedures in speech production, and third language learners' activation of lemmas for target language items may be influenced by the lemmas already stored in their Mental Lexicon through their previous language acquisition, especially second language acquisition. The interlanguage data for the study are from adult learners with Chinese as their first language, English as their second language and German as their third language, and those with Japanese as their first language, English as their second language and Chinese as their third language. The research findings provide empirical evidence that the activation of second language lemmas is the ma...
-
The bilingual Mental Lexicon and speech production process.
Brain and language, 2002Co-Authors: Longxing WeiAbstract:The Chinese/English intrasentential code-switching data provide evidence that the bilingual Mental Lexicon involves language contact between language-specific semantic/pragmatic feature bundles. Lemmas in the Mental Lexicon are tagged for specific languages and contain semantic, syntactic, and morphological information about lexemes. In a bilingual mode, the speaker makes choices at the preverbal level of lexical-conceptual structure, and these choices activate the lemmas in the Mental Lexicon for the speaker's preverbal message to be morphosyntactically realized at the functional level of predicate-argument structure. The result will be language-specific surface forms at the positional level of morphological realization patterns. The languages involved in the bilingual's mixed speech are never equally activated, with one language projecting the sentential frame and the other supplying a particular type of morphemes for the speaker's communicative intentions.
-
Activation of Lemmas in the Multilingual Mental Lexicon and Transfer in Third Language Learning
The Multilingual Lexicon, 1Co-Authors: Longxing WeiAbstract:This chapter describes the composite elements of the multilingual Mental Lexicon and explores the nature and sources of transfer in third language learning. Unlike most previous studies of language transfer which identified learner errors by focusing on surface configurations of learner language, this study explains causes of learner errors by describing how language-specific lemmas in the multilingual Mental Lexicon are activated in language learning and speech production processes. To do so, it adopts some current psycholinguistic models of language acquisition. Multilingual transfer in third language learning is identified and described at several levels of information processing and speech production processes. This study focuses on the nature of lemmas in the multilingual Mental Lexicon and how they are activated in third language production. In so doing, sources of learner errors are traced to the composite nature of the multilingual Mental Lexicon and causes of transfer are explained in terms of constraints on third language development, learning strategies and processes. The third language data under this study came from two adult native speakers of Chinese. One has acquired native-like Japanese proficiency as a second language and is learning English as a third language, and the other has acquired native-like English proficiency as a second language and is learning Japanese as a third language. Based on evidence for certain specifications about the multilingual Mental Lexicon, this chapter presents a model of multilingual lemma activation in third language production.
Massimo Stella - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
cohort and rhyme priming emerge from the multiplex network structure of the Mental Lexicon
Complexity, 2018Co-Authors: Massimo StellaAbstract:Complex networks recently opened new ways for investigating how language use is influenced by the Mental representation of word similarities. This work adopts the framework of multiplex lexical networks for investigating lexical retrieval from memory. The focus is on priming, i.e., exposure to a given stimulus facilitating or inhibiting retrieval of a given lexical item. Supported by recent findings of network distance influencing lexical retrieval, the multiplex network approach tests how the layout of hundreds of thousands of word-word similarities in the Mental Lexicon can lead to priming effects on multiple combined semantic and phonological levels. Results provide quantitative evidence that phonological priming effects are encoded directly in the multiplex structure of the Mental representation of words sharing phonemes either in their onsets (cohort priming) or at their ends (rhyme priming). By comparison with randomised null models, both cohort and rhyming effects are found to be emerging properties of the Mental Lexicon arising from its multiplexity. These priming effects are absent on individual layers but become prominent on the combined multiplex structure. The emergence of priming effects is displayed both when only semantic layers are considered, an approximated representation of the so-called semantic memory, and when semantics is enriched with phonological similarities, an approximated representation of the lexical-auditory nature of the Mental Lexicon. Multiplex lexical networks can account for connections between semantic and phonological information in the Mental Lexicon and hence represent a promising modelling route for shedding light on the interplay between multiple aspects of language and human cognition in synergy with experiMental psycholinguistic data.
-
multiplex model of Mental Lexicon reveals explosive learning in humans
Scientific Reports, 2018Co-Authors: Massimo Stella, Nicole M Beckage, Markus Brede, Manlio De DomenicoAbstract:Word similarities affect language acquisition and use in a multi-relational way barely accounted for in the literature. We propose a multiplex network representation of this Mental Lexicon of word similarities as a natural framework for investigating large-scale cognitive patterns. Our representation accounts for semantic, taxonomic, and phonological interactions and it identifies a cluster of words which are used with greater frequency, are identified, memorised, and learned more easily, and have more meanings than expected at random. This cluster emerges around age 7 through an explosive transition not reproduced by null models. We relate this explosive emergence to polysemy – redundancy in word meanings. Results indicate that the word cluster acts as a core for the Lexicon, increasing both lexical navigability and robustness to linguistic degradation. Our findings provide quantitative confirmation of existing conjectures about core structure in the Mental Lexicon and the importance of integrating multi-relational word-word interactions in psycholinguistic frameworks.
Harold Goodglass - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the role of prosody in the Mental Lexicon
Brain and Language, 1999Co-Authors: Kimberly C Lindfield, Arthur Wingfield, Harold GoodglassAbstract:Current models of spoken word recognition take into account factors such as word frequency, word onset cohort size, and phonological neighborhood density. Using the word onset gating technique we tested word recognition when bandpass filtering was used to allow subjects to hear the full prosodic pattern of a word (number of syllables and syllabic stress), deprived of segMental information beyond that contained in the onset gate. Subjects also heard either word onsets plus duration information or only word onsets. Results suggest that word prosody is represented in the Mental Lexicon and is effectively used by listeners in spoken word recognition.
Oi Yee Kwong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
exploring the chinese Mental Lexicon with word association norms
Pacific Asia Conference on Language Information and Computation, 2013Co-Authors: Oi Yee KwongAbstract:Our internal repository of words, often known as the Mental Lexicon, has primarily been modelled by psychologists as some kind of network. One way to probe its organisation and access mechanisms is by means of word association techniques, which have rarely been applied on Chinese. This paper reports on the design and implementation of a pilot word association test on native Hong Kong Cantonese speakers. The test contains 500 stimulus words, carefully selected and controlled on important factors including word frequency, part-of-speech, syllabicity, concreteness and vocabulary type. The resulting association norms based on 58 participants reveal interesting properties of the Chinese Mental Lexicon, such as the dominance of disyllabic and nominal concepts, and collocational associations. Despite its current small scale, the word association norms obtained from this study do not only offer first-hand psycholinguistic evidence for investigating the Chinese Mental Lexicon but also provide a useful resource to inform future studies in Chinese lexical access, lexical semantics and lexicography.
-
PACLIC - Exploring the Chinese Mental Lexicon with Word Association Norms
2013Co-Authors: Oi Yee KwongAbstract:Our internal repository of words, often known as the Mental Lexicon, has primarily been modelled by psychologists as some kind of network. One way to probe its organisation and access mechanisms is by means of word association techniques, which have rarely been applied on Chinese. This paper reports on the design and implementation of a pilot word association test on native Hong Kong Cantonese speakers. The test contains 500 stimulus words, carefully selected and controlled on important factors including word frequency, part-of-speech, syllabicity, concreteness and vocabulary type. The resulting association norms based on 58 participants reveal interesting properties of the Chinese Mental Lexicon, such as the dominance of disyllabic and nominal concepts, and collocational associations. Despite its current small scale, the word association norms obtained from this study do not only offer first-hand psycholinguistic evidence for investigating the Chinese Mental Lexicon but also provide a useful resource to inform future studies in Chinese lexical access, lexical semantics and lexicography.
Simon De Deyne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
examining assortativity in the Mental Lexicon evidence from word associations
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 2015Co-Authors: Bram Van Rensbergen, Gerrit Storms, Simon De DeyneAbstract:Words are characterized by a variety of lexical and psychological properties, such as their part of speech, word-frequency, concreteness, or affectivity. In this study, we examine how these properties relate to a word's connectivity in the Mental Lexicon, the structure containing a person's knowledge of words. In particular, we examine the extent to which these properties display assortative mixing, that is, the extent to which words in the Lexicon are more likely to be connected to words that share these properties. We investigated three types of word properties: 1) subjective word covariates: valence, dominance, arousal, and concreteness; 2) lexical information: part of speech; and 3) distributional word properties: age-of-acquisition, word frequency, and contextual diversity. We assessed which of these factors exhibit assortativity using a word association task, where the probability of producing a certain response to a cue is a measure of the associative strength between the cue and response in the Mental Lexicon. Our results show that the extent to which these aspects exhibit assortativity varies considerably, with a high cue-response correspondence on valence, dominance, arousal, concreteness, and part of speech, indicating that these factors correspond to the words people deem as related. In contrast, we find that cues and responses show only little correspondence on word frequency, contextual diversity, and age-of-acquisition, indicating that, compared to subjective and lexical word covariates, distributional properties exhibit only little assortativity in the Mental Lexicon. Possible theoretical accounts and implications of these findings are discussed.