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Hanshenrik Stein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Nutrient composition and digestibility of energy and nutrients in wheat Middlings and red dog fed to growing pigs.
    Journal of animal science, 2018
    Co-Authors: G. A. Casas, Diego A Rodriguez, Hanshenrik Stein
    Abstract:

    This experiment was designed to determine nutrient composition and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of GE, DM, OM, and NDF and the concentration of DE and ME in 10 sources of wheat Middlings and in 1 source of red dog that were obtained from different flour mills in the United States. Twelve growing pigs (initial BW: 31.0 ± 1.0 kg) were randomly allotted to a 12 × 8 Youden square design with 12 dietary treatments and eight 14 d periods. Pigs were individually housed in metabolism crates for total collection of feces and urine. A basal diet based on corn and soybean meal, and 11 diets containing corn, soybean meal, and 39.4% of one of the 10 sources of wheat Middlings or of red dog were formulated. The ATTD of GE, DM, OM, and NDF in all diets was calculated using the direct procedure, and the ATTD of GE, DM, OM, and NDF in each source of wheat Middlings or red dog was calculated by difference. Values for DE and ME were calculated as well. The average concentration of CP was 17.67% in wheat midlings and 17.0% in red dog, and the concentration of acid hydrolyzed ether extract (AEE) and total dietary fiber (TDF) was 2.44 and 13.90% in red dog, but 4.07 and 36.45% in wheat Middlings. Red dog also contained more starch (42.98%) than wheat Middlings (20.28%). Red dog had greater bulk density (498.5 g/L) and smaller particle size (146 µm) compared with wheat Middlings (315.1 g/L and 783 µm). The average ATTD of GE, DM, OM, and NDF in wheat Middlings (67.2%, 71.2%, 72.9%, and 53.0%, respectively) was less (P < 0.05) than in red dog (79.35%, 82.9%, 86.6%, and 58.7%, respectively). The average concentrations of DE and ME in wheat Middlings were 2,990 and 2,893 kcal/kg DM, and these values were less (P < 0.05) than the DE and ME in red dog (3,408 and 3,292 kcal/kg DM). In conclusion, wheat Middlings contains more fiber and less starch than red dog and the ATTD of GE and nutrients is greater in red dog than in wheat Middlings. As a consequence, concentrations of DE and ME are greater in red dog than in wheat Middlings.

  • disappearance of nutrients and energy in the stomach and small intestine cecum and colon of pigs fed corn soybean meal diets containing distillers dried grains with solubles wheat Middlings or soybean hulls
    Journal of Animal Science, 2017
    Co-Authors: N W Jaworski, Hanshenrik Stein
    Abstract:

    Disappearance of nutrients and energy in the stomach and small intestine, cecum, and colon of pigs fed diets containing distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), wheat Middlings, or soybean hulls was determined. A second objective was to test the hypothesis that physical characteristics of dietary fiber in diets are correlated with the digestibility of nutrients and energy. Eight barrows (initial BW = 37.3 ± 1.0 kg) with a T-cannula in the distal ileum and another T-cannula in the proximal colon were allotted to a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 4 diets and 4 periods in each square. The basal diet was a corn-soybean meal diet and 3 additional diets were formulated by substituting 30% of the basal diet with DDGS, wheat Middlings, or soybean hulls. Following an 8-d adaptation period, fecal samples were collected on d 9 and 10, and samples from the colon and the ileum were collected on d 11 and 12, and d 13 and 14, respectively. Values for apparent ileal digestibility (AID), apparent cecal digestibility (ACD), and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and energy were calculated. Results indicated that ACD and ATTD of soluble dietary fiber was not different regardless of diet indicating that the soluble dietary fiber is mostly fermented in the small intestine or in the cecum. Pigs fed the wheat Middlings diet had greater ( ≤ 0.05) ACD of insoluble dietary fiber compared with pigs fed diets containing DDGS or soybean hulls indicating that the insoluble fiber in wheat Middlings may be more fermentable than insoluble fiber in DDGS or soybean hulls. Insoluble dietary fiber disappearance in the colon of pigs fed the soybean hulls diet was greater ( ≤ 0.05) compared with the DGGS containing diet indicating that insoluble fiber in DDGS are more resistant to fermentation than insoluble fiber in soybean hulls. The ATTD of total dietary fiber in wheat Middlings was greater ( ≤ 0.05) than in DDGS and soybean hulls further indicating that fiber in wheat Middlings are more fermentable than fiber in DDGS and soybean hulls. Water binding capacity, bulk density, and viscosity of dietary fiber were not correlated with digestibility of nutrients and energy regardless of the diet. In conclusion, soluble dietary fiber is mostly fermented before reaching the colon whereas insoluble dietary fiber is mostly fermented in the colon, but fiber in wheat Middlings is more fermentable than fiber in DDGS or soybean hulls.

  • The ileal digestibility of most amino acids is greater in red dog than in wheat Middlings when fed to growing pigs.
    Journal of animal science, 2017
    Co-Authors: G. A. Casas, Hanshenrik Stein
    Abstract:

    The objective of this experiment was to determine the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of CP and AA in 10 sources of wheat Middlings and in 1 source of red dog. Ten diets that each contained 1 of the 10 sources of wheat Middlings and 1 diet that contained red dog as the only source of protein and AA were formulated. An N-free diet was used to determine basal endogenous losses of CP and AA. Chromic oxide (0.4%) was added to all diets as an indigestible marker. Twelve pigs (BW: 29.23 ± 1.5 kg) were fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum. Pigs were allotted to a 12 × 8 Youden square design with 12 diets and eight 7-d periods. The initial 5 d of each period was the adaptation period, but ileal digesta were collected on the last 2 d of each period. Results indicated that the AID of CP in wheat Middlings was 31.1 ± 6.9%, but the AID of CP in red dog (47.0%) was greater ( < 0.05) than the average AID of CP for wheat Middlings. The AID of indispensable AA in wheat Middlings ranged from 30.1 ± 5.4% for Lys to 67.7 ± 2.2% for His, and the AID of indispensable AA in red dog ranged from 53.7% in Val to 86.2% for Met. The average SID of CP in wheat Middlings was 61.5 ± 5.1%, and there were no differences among the 10 sources of wheat Middlings, but the SID of CP in red dog (78.5%) was greater ( < 0.05) than in wheat Middlings. The SID of Arg, His, and Asp in wheat Middlings was 81.4 ± 2.7%, 77.7 ± 2.1%, and 66.4 ± 2.7%, respectively, and no differences among sources of wheat Middlings were observed for these AA. The SID of Met (73.6 ± 1.8%) and the SID of Ala (54.8 ± 4.9%) tended ( = 0.071 and = 0.090, respectively) to be different among sources of wheat Middlings, and the SID of all other AA was different ( < 0.05) among the 10 sources of wheat Middlings. There were no differences between red dog and wheat Middlings for the SID of Arg, His, and Ser, and the SID of Cys was less ( < 0.05) in red dog than in wheat Middlings, but for all other AA, the SID in red dog was greater ( < 0.05) than in wheat Middlings. In conclusion, wheat Middlings and red dog contain approximately the same quantities of AA, but the AID and SID of CP and most AA in red dog are greater than in wheat Middlings.

Tahir Karimov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The use of grade one wheat Middlings on Layer's performance
    2013
    Co-Authors: Kaveh Ahmadi, Tahir Karimov
    Abstract:

    To evaluation of chemical composition and nutritive value of grade one wheat Middlings wastes and to get the best levels of its use in layer diets these experiments were investigated.In first the chemical composition and energy and protein content evaluated and then research conducted by 240 hyline w36 layers from day 168 to 280 for 16 weeks(24 to 40 weeks of age). In this experiment four treatments were used and the rations were arranged in four levels of grade one wheat Middlings and includes (0, 7.5, 15,22.5%) of grade one wheat Middlings in layer diets. Four replicates with 15 birds were arranged in each.All of diets were Isoenergetic and isonitrogenous.. Experiment statistical was in complete random design (CRD), data analysed by SAS programme and means were examined by Duncan multiple test.The metabolizable energy and protein content were 3220 kcal/ kg and 14.2% respectively. No significant differences were found in body weight (BW), feed conversion ratio(FCR) and and egg production percentage (P%) between different levels of wheat Middlings in diets (p>0.05).In egg composition including egg weight, egg mass, albumen%, yolk%, shell%, dirty eggs% ,no significant were found (p>0.05).There were significant variables in cost of 1kg of egg production. The treatments fed with wheat Middlings have had less cost than control treatment (p

  • the use of grade one wheat Middlings on layer s performance
    2013
    Co-Authors: Kaveh Ahmadi, Tahir Karimov
    Abstract:

    To evaluation of chemical composition and nutritive value of grade one wheat Middlings wastes and to get the best levels of its use in layer diets these experiments were investigated.In first the chemical composition and energy and protein content evaluated and then research conducted by 240 hyline w36 layers from day 168 to 280 for 16 weeks(24 to 40 weeks of age). In this experiment four treatments were used and the rations were arranged in four levels of grade one wheat Middlings and includes (0, 7.5, 15,22.5%) of grade one wheat Middlings in layer diets. Four replicates with 15 birds were arranged in each.All of diets were Isoenergetic and isonitrogenous.. Experiment statistical was in complete random design (CRD), data analysed by SAS programme and means were examined by Duncan multiple test.The metabolizable energy and protein content were 3220 kcal/ kg and 14.2% respectively. No significant differences were found in body weight (BW), feed conversion ratio(FCR) and and egg production percentage (P%) between different levels of wheat Middlings in diets (p>0.05).In egg composition including egg weight, egg mass, albumen%, yolk%, shell%, dirty eggs% ,no significant were found (p>0.05).There were significant variables in cost of 1kg of egg production. The treatments fed with wheat Middlings have had less cost than control treatment (p<0.05).However, it would suggested that 22.5% of wheat Middlings in layer ration could leads to decrease the ration price and egg production cost and approach more benefits for poultry industry.

  • A study on wheat middling's usage on broilers performances.
    Australian journal of basic and applied sciences, 2010
    Co-Authors: Kaveh Ahmadi, Tahir Karimov
    Abstract:

    Two trials were conducted to determination of chemical composition and nutritive value of grade 1 wheat Middlings wastes and its suiTable levels in broiler chicks diets were investigated. Experiment 1 evaluated the chemical composition, and energy and protein content . The experiment 2 was conducted by 200 day old unsexed Cobb 500 chicken were housed in straw litter pens. Five rations were used as a five treatments includes (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%) of wheat Middlings in broiler diets. Four replicates with 10 birds were arranged in each. All of diets were Isoenergetic and isonetrogenous. The experiment was started from 14 days of age to the slaughter weight. Experiment statistical was in complete random design (CRD), data analysed by SAS program and means were examined by Duncan multiple test. The metabolizable energy and protein content were 3220 kcal/ kg and 14. 2% respectively. No significant differences were found in body weight (BW), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) and production index (PI) in the broiler's feeding trial and in by different levels of wheat Middlings(p>0. 05). There were significant variables in final weight . The treatments fed with 40% wheat Middlingss have had less weight than others (p 0. 05). However, in this study, these variations did not significantly affect the performance of broiler chickens. It would suggested that 30% of wheat Middlings in broiler ration could leads to decrease the ration price and approach more benefits for poultry industry.

  • A Study On Wheat Middling's Usage On Layer's Performances.
    Australian journal of basic and applied sciences, 2010
    Co-Authors: Kaveh Ahmadi, Tahir Karimov
    Abstract:

    Two trials were conducted to determination of chemical composition and nutritive value of grade 1 wheat Middlings wastes and its suitable levels in layer diets were investigated.Experiment 1 evaluated the chemical composition, and energy and protein content. The experiment 2 was conducted by 240 hyline w36 layers from 24 to 40 weeks of age. Four rations were used as a four treatments includes (0, 7.5,15,22.5%) of wheat Middlings in layer diets. Four replicates with 15 birds were arranged in each.All of diets were Isoenergetic and isonitrogenous.. Experiment statistical was in complete random design (CRD), data analysed by SAS programme and means were examined by Duncan multiple test.The metabolizable energy and protein content were 3220 kcal/ kg and 14.2% respectively. No significant differences were found in body weight (BW), feed conversion ratio(FCR) and and egg production percentage (P%) between different levels of wheat Middlings in diets (p>0.05).In egg composition including egg weight, egg mass, albumen%, yolk%, shell%, dirty eggs% ,no significant were found (p>0.05).There were significant variables in cost of 1kg of egg production. The treatments fed with wheat Middlings have had less cost than control treatment (p

  • A study on wheat middling's usage on turkey's performances.
    Australian journal of basic and applied sciences, 2010
    Co-Authors: Kaveh Ahmadi, Tahir Karimov
    Abstract:

    Two trials were conducted to determination of chemical composition and nutritive value of grade 1 wheat Middlings wastes and its suitable levels in turkey diets were investigated.Experiment 1 evaluated the chemical composition, and energy and protein content. The experiment 2 was conducted by 160 day old unsexed white wide breast turkeys. Four rations were used as a four treatments includes (0, 10, 20,30%) of wheat Middlings in turkeys diets. Four replicates with 10 birds were arranged in each.All of diets were Isoenergetic and isonetrogenous. The experiment was started from 30 days of age to the 120 days of old. Experiment statistical was in complete random design (CRD), data analysed by SAS program and means were examined by Duncan multiple test. The metabolizable energy and protein content were 3220 kcal/ kg and 14.2% respectively. No significant differences were found in body weight (BW), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and body weight gain and cost of 1kg meat production in the turkey feeding trial and in by different levels of wheat Middlings(p>0.05). There were no significant variables in breast and thigh and abdominal fat and viscera percent of slaughtered turkeys too (p>0.05). However, in this study, these variations did not significantly affect the performance of turkeys. It would suggested that 30% of wheat Middlings in turkey's ration could leads to decrease the ration price and approach more benefits for turkey industry

N W Jaworski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • disappearance of nutrients and energy in the stomach and small intestine cecum and colon of pigs fed corn soybean meal diets containing distillers dried grains with solubles wheat Middlings or soybean hulls
    Journal of Animal Science, 2017
    Co-Authors: N W Jaworski, Hanshenrik Stein
    Abstract:

    Disappearance of nutrients and energy in the stomach and small intestine, cecum, and colon of pigs fed diets containing distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), wheat Middlings, or soybean hulls was determined. A second objective was to test the hypothesis that physical characteristics of dietary fiber in diets are correlated with the digestibility of nutrients and energy. Eight barrows (initial BW = 37.3 ± 1.0 kg) with a T-cannula in the distal ileum and another T-cannula in the proximal colon were allotted to a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 4 diets and 4 periods in each square. The basal diet was a corn-soybean meal diet and 3 additional diets were formulated by substituting 30% of the basal diet with DDGS, wheat Middlings, or soybean hulls. Following an 8-d adaptation period, fecal samples were collected on d 9 and 10, and samples from the colon and the ileum were collected on d 11 and 12, and d 13 and 14, respectively. Values for apparent ileal digestibility (AID), apparent cecal digestibility (ACD), and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and energy were calculated. Results indicated that ACD and ATTD of soluble dietary fiber was not different regardless of diet indicating that the soluble dietary fiber is mostly fermented in the small intestine or in the cecum. Pigs fed the wheat Middlings diet had greater ( ≤ 0.05) ACD of insoluble dietary fiber compared with pigs fed diets containing DDGS or soybean hulls indicating that the insoluble fiber in wheat Middlings may be more fermentable than insoluble fiber in DDGS or soybean hulls. Insoluble dietary fiber disappearance in the colon of pigs fed the soybean hulls diet was greater ( ≤ 0.05) compared with the DGGS containing diet indicating that insoluble fiber in DDGS are more resistant to fermentation than insoluble fiber in soybean hulls. The ATTD of total dietary fiber in wheat Middlings was greater ( ≤ 0.05) than in DDGS and soybean hulls further indicating that fiber in wheat Middlings are more fermentable than fiber in DDGS and soybean hulls. Water binding capacity, bulk density, and viscosity of dietary fiber were not correlated with digestibility of nutrients and energy regardless of the diet. In conclusion, soluble dietary fiber is mostly fermented before reaching the colon whereas insoluble dietary fiber is mostly fermented in the colon, but fiber in wheat Middlings is more fermentable than fiber in DDGS or soybean hulls.

Kaveh Ahmadi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • DETERMINATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND SUITABLE LEVEL OF WHEAT Middlings IN BROILER DIETS
    The International Journal of Plant Animal and Environmental Sciences, 2014
    Co-Authors: Kaveh Ahmadi, Amini .b
    Abstract:

    Two trials were conducted to determination of chemical composition and nutritive valueof grade 1 wheat Middlings wastes and its suitable levels in broiler chick’s diets were investigated. Experiment 1 evaluated the chemical composition, and energy and protein content. The experiment2 was conducted by 400 day old unsexed Ross 308 chicken were housed in straw litter pens. Fiverations were used as a five treatments includes (0, 7.5, 15, 30 and 45%) of wheat Middlings in broilerdiets. Four replicates with 20 birds were arranged in each. All of diets were Isoenergetic and isonetrogenous. The main experiment was started from 14 days of age to the slaughter weight. Experiment statistical was in complete random design (CRD), data analysed by SAS program and means were examined by Duncan multiple test. The metabolizable energy and protein content were 3225 kcal/ kg and 14% respectively. No significant differences were found in body weight (BW), feed intake (FI)and feed conversion ratio (FCR) and production index (PI) in the broiler's feeding trial and in bydifferent levels of wheat Middlings(p>0. 05). There were significant variables in final weight. Thetreatments fed with 45% wheat Middlingss have had less weight than others (p 0. 05). However, in this study, these variations did not significantly affect the performance of broiler chickens. It would suggested that 30% of wheat Middlings in broiler ration could leads to decrease the ration price and approach more benefits for poultry industry.

  • the use of grade one wheat Middlings on layer s performance
    2013
    Co-Authors: Kaveh Ahmadi, Tahir Karimov
    Abstract:

    To evaluation of chemical composition and nutritive value of grade one wheat Middlings wastes and to get the best levels of its use in layer diets these experiments were investigated.In first the chemical composition and energy and protein content evaluated and then research conducted by 240 hyline w36 layers from day 168 to 280 for 16 weeks(24 to 40 weeks of age). In this experiment four treatments were used and the rations were arranged in four levels of grade one wheat Middlings and includes (0, 7.5, 15,22.5%) of grade one wheat Middlings in layer diets. Four replicates with 15 birds were arranged in each.All of diets were Isoenergetic and isonitrogenous.. Experiment statistical was in complete random design (CRD), data analysed by SAS programme and means were examined by Duncan multiple test.The metabolizable energy and protein content were 3220 kcal/ kg and 14.2% respectively. No significant differences were found in body weight (BW), feed conversion ratio(FCR) and and egg production percentage (P%) between different levels of wheat Middlings in diets (p>0.05).In egg composition including egg weight, egg mass, albumen%, yolk%, shell%, dirty eggs% ,no significant were found (p>0.05).There were significant variables in cost of 1kg of egg production. The treatments fed with wheat Middlings have had less cost than control treatment (p<0.05).However, it would suggested that 22.5% of wheat Middlings in layer ration could leads to decrease the ration price and egg production cost and approach more benefits for poultry industry.

  • The use of grade one wheat Middlings on Layer's performance
    2013
    Co-Authors: Kaveh Ahmadi, Tahir Karimov
    Abstract:

    To evaluation of chemical composition and nutritive value of grade one wheat Middlings wastes and to get the best levels of its use in layer diets these experiments were investigated.In first the chemical composition and energy and protein content evaluated and then research conducted by 240 hyline w36 layers from day 168 to 280 for 16 weeks(24 to 40 weeks of age). In this experiment four treatments were used and the rations were arranged in four levels of grade one wheat Middlings and includes (0, 7.5, 15,22.5%) of grade one wheat Middlings in layer diets. Four replicates with 15 birds were arranged in each.All of diets were Isoenergetic and isonitrogenous.. Experiment statistical was in complete random design (CRD), data analysed by SAS programme and means were examined by Duncan multiple test.The metabolizable energy and protein content were 3220 kcal/ kg and 14.2% respectively. No significant differences were found in body weight (BW), feed conversion ratio(FCR) and and egg production percentage (P%) between different levels of wheat Middlings in diets (p>0.05).In egg composition including egg weight, egg mass, albumen%, yolk%, shell%, dirty eggs% ,no significant were found (p>0.05).There were significant variables in cost of 1kg of egg production. The treatments fed with wheat Middlings have had less cost than control treatment (p

  • A study on wheat middling's usage on broilers performances.
    Australian journal of basic and applied sciences, 2010
    Co-Authors: Kaveh Ahmadi, Tahir Karimov
    Abstract:

    Two trials were conducted to determination of chemical composition and nutritive value of grade 1 wheat Middlings wastes and its suiTable levels in broiler chicks diets were investigated. Experiment 1 evaluated the chemical composition, and energy and protein content . The experiment 2 was conducted by 200 day old unsexed Cobb 500 chicken were housed in straw litter pens. Five rations were used as a five treatments includes (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%) of wheat Middlings in broiler diets. Four replicates with 10 birds were arranged in each. All of diets were Isoenergetic and isonetrogenous. The experiment was started from 14 days of age to the slaughter weight. Experiment statistical was in complete random design (CRD), data analysed by SAS program and means were examined by Duncan multiple test. The metabolizable energy and protein content were 3220 kcal/ kg and 14. 2% respectively. No significant differences were found in body weight (BW), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) and production index (PI) in the broiler's feeding trial and in by different levels of wheat Middlings(p>0. 05). There were significant variables in final weight . The treatments fed with 40% wheat Middlingss have had less weight than others (p 0. 05). However, in this study, these variations did not significantly affect the performance of broiler chickens. It would suggested that 30% of wheat Middlings in broiler ration could leads to decrease the ration price and approach more benefits for poultry industry.

  • A Study On Wheat Middling's Usage On Layer's Performances.
    Australian journal of basic and applied sciences, 2010
    Co-Authors: Kaveh Ahmadi, Tahir Karimov
    Abstract:

    Two trials were conducted to determination of chemical composition and nutritive value of grade 1 wheat Middlings wastes and its suitable levels in layer diets were investigated.Experiment 1 evaluated the chemical composition, and energy and protein content. The experiment 2 was conducted by 240 hyline w36 layers from 24 to 40 weeks of age. Four rations were used as a four treatments includes (0, 7.5,15,22.5%) of wheat Middlings in layer diets. Four replicates with 15 birds were arranged in each.All of diets were Isoenergetic and isonitrogenous.. Experiment statistical was in complete random design (CRD), data analysed by SAS programme and means were examined by Duncan multiple test.The metabolizable energy and protein content were 3220 kcal/ kg and 14.2% respectively. No significant differences were found in body weight (BW), feed conversion ratio(FCR) and and egg production percentage (P%) between different levels of wheat Middlings in diets (p>0.05).In egg composition including egg weight, egg mass, albumen%, yolk%, shell%, dirty eggs% ,no significant were found (p>0.05).There were significant variables in cost of 1kg of egg production. The treatments fed with wheat Middlings have had less cost than control treatment (p

Ling Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Comparative digestibility of nutrients and amino acids in high-fiber diets fed to crossbred barrows of Duroc boars crossed with Berkshire×Jiaxing and Landrace×Yorkshire
    Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies, 2018
    Co-Authors: Jinbiao Zhao, Ling Liu, Qiuyun Wang, Yiqiang Chen, Aiming Jin, Guoliang Liu, Changhua Lai
    Abstract:

    Objective This experiment was conducted to determine the differences in the apparent ileal (AID) and total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and indispensable amino acids (IAA) in high-fiber diets with wheat Middlings, rice bran or alfalfa meal fed to Duroc×(Landrace× Yorkshire) (DLY) and Duroc× (Berkshire×Jiaxing) (DBJ) growing barrows. Methods Eighteen DLY and 18 DBJ growing barrows were randomly allotted to a 2×3 factorial arrangement involving 2 crossbreeds and 3 high-fiber diets. The experiment lasted 15 d with 10 d for diets adaptation, 3 d for feces collection and 2 d for digesta collection. Three diets were based on corn and soybean meal with 25% wheat Middlings, rice bran and alfalfa meal respectively. Results DBJ had a greater (p

  • Effects of inclusion level on nutrient digestibility and energy content of wheat Middlings and soya bean meal for growing pigs.
    Archives of animal nutrition, 2013
    Co-Authors: Qiang Huang, Xiangshu Piao, Ling Liu
    Abstract:

    Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of inclusion level of wheat Middlings and soya bean meal on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy and chemical components of these ingredients in growing pigs. Furthermore, the effects of the inclusion level on their contents of digestible energy (DE) and metabolisable energy (ME) were also determined by the difference method. In Experiment 1, six diets were fed to 36 growing pigs according to a completely randomised design. The basal diet was a corn–soya bean meal diet while the other five diets contained 9.6%, 19.2%, 28.8%, 38.4% or 48.0% of wheat Middlings added at the expense of corn and soya bean meal. The measured digestibility of energy and most nutrients of wheat Middlings increased (p