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Wolfgang M Prodinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the region of difference four is a robust genetic marker for subtyping Mycobacterium caprae isolates and is linked to spatial distribution of three subtypes
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2017Co-Authors: Anna Rettinger, Wolfgang M Prodinger, Helmut Blum, Stefan Krebs, S Broeckl, M Fink, J Domogalla, F Just, S Gellert, Reinhard K StraubingerAbstract:Alpine Mycobacterium caprae isolates found in cattle and red deer display at least three genetic variations in the region of difference four (RD4) that can be used for further differentiation of the isolates into the subtypes 'Allgau', 'Karwendel' and 'Lechtal'. Each genomic subtype is thereby characterized by a specific nucleotide deletion pattern in the 12.7-kb RD4 region. Even though M. caprae infections are frequently documented in cattle and red deer, little is known about the transmission routes. Hence, robust markers for M. caprae subtyping are needed to gain insight into the molecular epidemiology. For this reason, a rapid and robust multiplex PCR was developed for the simultaneous detection of three M. caprae RD4 subtypes and was used to subtype a total number of 241 M. caprae isolates from animals (145 cattle, 95 red deer and one fox) from Bavaria and Austria. All three subtypes occur spatially distributed and are found in cattle and in red deer suggesting transmission between the two species. As subtypes are genetically stable in both species it is hypothesized that the described genetic variations developed within the host due to 'within-host replication'. The results of this study recommend the genomic RD4 region as a reliable diagnostic marker for M. caprae subtype differentiation.
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Mycobacterium caprae infection in humans
Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2014Co-Authors: Wolfgang M Prodinger, Alexandra Indra, Orhan Kaya Koksalan, Zeki Kilicaslan, Elvira RichterAbstract:Mycobacterium caprae, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, causes tuberculosis (TB) in man and animals. Some features distinguish M. caprae from its epidemiological twin, Mycobacterium bovis: M. caprae is evolutionarily older, accounts for a smaller burden of zoonotic TB and is not globally distributed, but primarily restricted to European countries. M. caprae occurs only in a low proportion of human TB cases and this proportion may even decrease, if progress toward eradication of animal TB in Europe continues. So why bother, if M. caprae is not an enigma for diagnostic TB tests and if resistance against first-line drugs is a rarity with M. caprae? This 'European' pathogen of zoonotic TB asks interesting questions regarding the definition of a species. The latter, seemingly only an academic question, particularly requires and challenges the collaboration between human and veterinary medicine.
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three variants Mycobacterium caprae isolates indicates region of difference 4 in alpine
2014Co-Authors: Florian Sedlmaier, Wolfgang M Prodinger, Susanne Gellert, Matthias Muller, Helmut BlumAbstract:are the most relevant pathogens for livestock and wildlifelarge animal hosts. In some countries bovine tuberculosis (TB) isstillaproblem,particularlywhenawildlifereservoirexistsandTBtransmission from wildlife to cattle and cattle to wildlife on thepastureisapermanentdanger(4).ThreewildlifereservoirsofTBcausedby
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region of difference 4 in alpine Mycobacterium caprae isolates indicates three variants
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2013Co-Authors: Janina Domogalla, Wolfgang M Prodinger, Helmut Blum, Stefan Krebs, Susanne Gellert, Matthias Muller, Erdmute Neuendorf, Florian Sedlmaier, Mathias ButtnerAbstract:The lack of complete genome sequence information for Mycobacterium caprae complicates a robust differentiation of M. caprae and Mycobacterium bovis. In this study, the presence or absence of M. caprae-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms in lepA and gyrB genes was assessed. The region of difference 4 (RD4) was analyzed for the identification and characterization of M. caprae. Molecular characteristics were evaluated in 12 recent M. caprae isolates from livestock and wildlife collected over a 3-year period in Bavaria, Germany. Conventional PCR strategies, sequence analysis of PCR fragments, and data from a next-generation sequencing approach together with variable-number tandem-repeat genotyping were utilized. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the lepA and gyrB genes indicating the presence of M. caprae were detected in all the isolates. At least three different RD4 variants were found for Alpine M. caprae isolates. The results demonstrate that the RD4 region is rather heterogeneous in M. caprae genomes. As assumed by others, the presence of RD4 is critical for PCR-based differentiation of M. caprae from M. bovis, but in addition, the observed variability of RD4 allows the identification of M. caprae genotypes and may be indicative of a geographical-type appearance.
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a two years survey on the prevalence of tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium caprae in red deer cervus elaphus in the tyrol austria
International Scholarly Research Notices, 2012Co-Authors: Karl Schoepf, Wolfgang M Prodinger, Erwin Hofer, Walter Glawischnig, Sandra Revillafernandez, Johannes Hofrichter, Johannes Fritz, J Kofer, F SchmollAbstract:A survey of 143 hunter-harvested red deer for tuberculosis was conducted in an Alpine area in Western Austria over two subsequent years. There, single tuberculosis cases caused by Mycobacterium caprae had been detected in cattle and red deer over the preceding decade. The area under investigation covered approximately 500 km2, divided into five different hunting plots. Lymph nodes of red deer were examined grossly and microscopically for typical tuberculosis-like lesions and additionally by microbiological culturing. Executing a detailed hunting plan, nine M. caprae isolates were obtained. Six out of nine originated from one single hunting plot with the highest estimated prevalence of tuberculosis, that is, 23.1%. All isolates were genotyped by mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit—variable number of tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) typing of 24 standard loci plus VNTR 1982. All nine isolates belonged to a single cluster termed “Lechtal” which had been found in cattle and red deer in the region, demonstrating a remarkable dominance and stability over ten years. This is the first report on a systematic prospective study investigating the prevalence and strain variability of M. caprae infection in red deer in Austria and in the Alpine countries.
Lucía De Juan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hypervitaminosis D has no positive effects on goat tuberculosis and may cause chronic renal lesions
'BMJ', 2020Co-Authors: Risalde, María Ángeles, Roy Álvaro, Bezos Javier, Pineda Carmen, Casal Carmen, Díez-guerrier Alberto, Lopez-villalba Ignacio, Fernández-manzano Álvaro, Moreno Inmaculada, Lucía De JuanAbstract:[Background]: There is evidence for a link between vitamin D deficiency and active tuberculosis (TB). In human beings, several trials have evaluated the role of vitamin D supplementation in TB treatment with conflicting results. However, the role of vitamin D supplementation in animal TB control has received less attention. The authors evaluated the benefit of vitamin D supplementation for preventing mycobacterial infection or reducing TB lesions (TBL) in a controlled trial with goats naturally exposed to Mycobacterium caprae. [Methods]: Two groups of goats, a vitamin D-supplemented group and a non-supplemented control group, were housed for 10 months in direct contact with M caprae-infected adult goats. Upon contact with the infected adult goats, all animals were TB-tested every two months. [Results]: No experimental evidence of a protective effect of vitamin D supplementation based on M caprae culture prevalence, TBL prevalence, median TBL score or the proportion of single versus multiple organs presenting TBL was observed. [Conclusion]: The results indicate that, in the conditions used in this study, vitamin D supplementation in goats does not reduce TB infection risk nor the diffusion and severity of TBL. In addition, vitamin D-supplemented goats presented hyperphosphataemia and renal injury with calcifications suggestive of vitamin D intoxication.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad of Spain (RTC-2016-4746-2) and the Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria of Spain (RTA2015-00043-C02-02). AR is the recipient of an Industrial Doctorate contract (DI-15-08110) and JB holds a ‘Juan de la Cierva program’ contract (IJCI-2015-24805), both funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities
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hypervitaminosis d has no positive effects on goat tuberculosis and may cause chronic renal lesions
Veterinary Record, 2019Co-Authors: Maria Angeles Risalde, Javier Bezos, Alvaro Roy, Inmaculada Moreno, Carmen Pineda, Carmen Casal, Alberto Diezguerrier, Ignacio Lopezvillalba, Alvaro Fernandezmanzano, Lucía De JuanAbstract:Background There is evidence for a link between vitamin D deficiency and active tuberculosis (TB). In human beings, several trials have evaluated the role of vitamin D supplementation in TB treatment with conflicting results. However, the role of vitamin D supplementation in animal TB control has received less attention. The authors evaluated the benefit of vitamin D supplementation for preventing mycobacterial infection or reducing TB lesions (TBL) in a controlled trial with goats naturally exposed to Mycobacterium caprae. Methods Two groups of goats, a vitamin D-supplemented group and a non-supplemented control group, were housed for 10 months in direct contact with M caprae-infected adult goats. Upon contact with the infected adult goats, all animals were TB-tested every two months. Results No experimental evidence of a protective effect of vitamin D supplementation based on M caprae culture prevalence, TBL prevalence, median TBL score or the proportion of single versus multiple organs presenting TBL was observed. Conclusion The results indicate that, in the conditions used in this study, vitamin D supplementation in goats does not reduce TB infection risk nor the diffusion and severity of TBL. In addition, vitamin D-supplemented goats presented hyperphosphataemia and renal injury with calcifications suggestive of vitamin D intoxication.
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evaluation of single and comparative intradermal tuberculin tests for tuberculosis eradication in caprine flocks in castilla y leon spain
Research in Veterinary Science, 2014Co-Authors: Javier Bezos, Beatriz Romero, Lucas Domínguez, Julio Alvarez, Carmen Casal, Sergio Marques, Ana Grau, Olga Minguez, Lucía De JuanAbstract:Abstract Goats can act as reservoirs for tuberculosis (TB) infection. The main etiological agents of TB in goats are Mycobacterium caprae and Mycobacterium bovis and they infect also a wide range of domestic and wild animals and humans. Control programmes based mainly on the application of single and comparative intradermal tuberculin (SIT and SCIT respectively) tests are being implemented in certain regions of Spain with a high density of caprine flocks as Castilla y Leon, including goats with epidemiological relationship with cattle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the intradermal tests in naturally TB-infected caprine flocks from this region. The study was performed using data from 17,450 goats in 54 different flocks that were classified as TB-infected in the control programmes executed in 2010 and 2011. Data from 1237 goats from 7 dairy flocks depopulated after the first intradermal testing were used to estimate the sensitivity (Se) using bacteriology as the gold-standard. Overall Se of the SIT test using the severe interpretation was 43.9% (CI 95%, 40.4–47.4) and decreased to 38.8% (CI 95%, 35.5–42.3) using the standard interpretation. Overall Se of the SCIT test ranged between 21.3% (CI 95%, 17.6–25.4) and 7% (CI 95%, 4.9–9.8) depending of the interpretation criteria. A significant weak positive correlation was found between age and skin fold thickness (Spearman’s test p
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study of peripheral blood cell populations involved in the immune response of goats naturally infected with Mycobacterium caprae
Research in Veterinary Science, 2012Co-Authors: Javier Bezos, Lucía De Juan, Beatriz Romero, Sabrina Rodriguez, Julio Alvarez, Inmaculada Moreno, Mercedes Dominguez, Alfredo Torano, Ana MateosAbstract:Tuberculosis in goats caused by Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae has noteworthy sanitary and economic implications. Current diagnostic assays are based on cellular immunity and although they have demonstrated a high sensitivity, some animals remain undetected. In the present study, flow cytometry has been used to determine changes in CD4+, CD8+ and CD25+ T cell populations in peripheral blood from naturally infected goats. Proportion of lymphocytes producing PPD-specific interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) was calculated and an ELISA for detection of PPD-specific IFN-γ was performed to measure the cytokine in plasma. The infected goats showed percentages of CD4+ T cells between 27.31% and 47.23% and there were not significant differences (p=0.113) with the non-infected control goats although the mean percentage was lower in this group. Regarding CD8+ T cells, a higher percentage was observed in healthy goats compared to controls (p=0.081). The mean percentage of lymphocytes expressing CD25 without antigen stimulation (30.65±3.91) was higher in lesion and/or culture-positive animals than in the controls (21.84±1.21; p=0.053). The percentage of CD4+/IFN+ T cell population stimulated with bovine PPD was a reliable marker of infection, since the mean percentage in the infected goats was significantly higher than in the controls (p<0.05). Tuberculosis in goats caused by M. caprae induced changes in cellular populations similar to those described for M. bovis in cattle.
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Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae in sheep.
The Veterinary Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Marta Muñoz Mendoza, Lucía De Juan, S. Menéndez, Antón Ocampo, Jorge Mourelo, Jose Luis Saez, Lucas Domínguez, Christian Gortázar, Juan Francisco García Marín, Ana BalseiroAbstract:Tuberculosis was diagnosed in three flocks of sheep in Galicia, Spain, in 2009 and 2010. Two flocks were infected with Mycobacterium bovis and one flock was infected with Mycobacterium caprae. Infection was confirmed by the comparative intradermal tuberculin test, bacteriology, molecular analysis and histopathology. Sheep have the potential to act as a reservoir for tuberculosis.
Ana Botelho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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polyclonal infection as a new scenario in Mycobacterium caprae epidemiology
Veterinary Microbiology, 2020Co-Authors: Ana C Reis, Ana Botelho, Teresa Albuquerque, Monica V CunhaAbstract:Abstract Portugal is one of the European Union countries with an ongoing eradication program for bovine tuberculosis (TB), which does not include systematic goat testing. However, surveillance in small ruminants is increasingly important, since goat and sheep can harbour Mycobacterium caprae and be an infection source to cattle with impact in the success of bovine TB control. Furthermore, the information regarding the epidemiology and biology of M. caprae is quite limited comparing to the cognate bovine-adapted ecotype, M. bovis. In this work, we applied spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR (Mycobacterial I nterspersed Repetitive Units-Variable Number of Tandem Repeats) to M. caprae obtained between 2003 and 2014 from 55 animal hosts, including goat (n = 29), cattle (n = 21), sheep (n = 1) and wild boar (n = 4) from Portugal. The molecular analysis revealed a unique spoligotyping pattern (SB0157) and 24 MIRU types. Genotyping of serial M. caprae from herds with recurrent outbreaks enabled further discrimination of epidemiologically related isolates, supporting a clonal structure in Portugal and denoting the emergence of clonal diversity at the herd level, more apparent for MIRU4. Results suggest a founder effect and adaptive genotypic divergence, paving the way for sympatric speciation. Double allele findings at MIRU4 in over 20 % of infected animals indicates that co-infection and in vivo microevolution may be frequent in the goat-adapted ecotype. While polyclonal infection appears common in M. caprae epidemiology, the functional significance of subtle genotypic variations remains to be disclosed, namely at the interface with the host, to expand knowledge on the epidemiology and biology of this neglected ecotype.
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snapshot of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae infections in livestock in an area with a low incidence of bovine tuberculosis
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2010Co-Authors: Filipa Matos, A Amado, Teresa Albuquerque, Monica V Cunha, Ana Canto, Ana BotelhoAbstract:Zoonotic bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis and, more rarely, by Mycobacterium caprae, is an important disease of livestock and of public health concern (1). A low incidence of bTB has been observed until now in Portugal, where a comprehensive eradication scheme has been implemented. Epidemiological surveys carried out in several countries suggest that test-and-slaughter policies may reduce strain diversity, favoring clonal expansion as a result of a bovine population bottleneck (2, 6). A remarkable exception to this observation was the first epidemiological analysis carried out in Portugal (3), which highlighted the apparent high genotype diversity of Mycobacterium bovis, possibly due to the low prevalence rates and the absence of major epidemics favoring ongoing transmission of the same strain(s). In the present work, we reassess and update the molecular epidemiology of bTB in Portugal. The previous analysis, concerning the period 2002 to 2007 (3), was extended to 2009 by including an additional 183 M. bovis and 10 Mycobacterium caprae isolates from cattle, goats, and sheep. Spoligotyping, based on the direct repeat (DR) region (5), identified 30 M. bovis patterns, including 11 profiles previously unrecognized in Portugal and seven new profiles that were deposited in the international database (www.mbovis.org). Spoligotype SB0157 remains the single M. caprae pattern acknowledged in the territory. The epidemiological significance of the most relevant genotypes in relation to the temporal and geographical distribution was investigated globally for the period 2002 to 2009 (results from this study and from reference 3). Consistent with previous findings, the high prevalence of SB0121 (25%) and SB0119 (13%) is confirmed. Remarkably, SB0119 and seven other profiles identified in Portugal differ from SB0121 in the absence of a single spacer (Table (Table1).1). Altogether, their cumulative prevalence in cattle is superior to 53%. Furthermore, they have also been detected in wildlife (3). Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat (MIRU-VNTR) analysis based on eight previously validated loci (4) distinguished 90 SB0121-related strains into 50 closely associated allelic profiles (data not shown), further suggesting their genetic relatedness. Taking this into consideration and the trend of the DR region to evolve primarily by the loss of single or multiple contiguous direct variable repeats (DVRs) (7), our observations suggest the presence of a clonal complex. Supporting this hypothesis is also the recent detection of SB0121-like strains in the national territory in comparison to SB0121, the sole genotype identified until 2004. To our knowledge, three SB0121-related spoligotypes, SB1090, SB1093, and SB1095, have been reported only in Portugal. Geographical distribution analysis also shows that SB0121 and SB0119 have remarkably expanded throughout the territory, being isolated in roughly all bTB-affected districts, while most SB0121-related genotypes are geographically localized (Fig. (Fig.11). FIG. 1. Geographical distribution across the districts of the six bTB-affected regions of mainland Portugal during the period 2002 to 2009 (joint results from this study and from reference 3) of M. bovis spoligotype SB0121 (•) and of strains with spoligotyping ... TABLE 1. Patterns, hosts, prevalence, and geographical distribution of M. bovis and M. caprae spoligotypes isolated in Portugal from 2007 to 2009 (this study) and 2002 to 2009 (joint results from this study and from reference 3) Our results support the notion that a country tends to have a dominant and locally evolved clone. Moreover, clonally related strains may emerge, exhibiting biogeographical specificities, possibly in response to barriers for expansion or adaptation to new ecological niches and new host species. Further studies are needed to improve our understanding of the epidemiological significance of geographically important M. bovis strains which may define specific lineages with increased virulence and the ability to escape tuberculin test and, consequently, slaughter of their hosts.
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miru vntr typing adds discriminatory value to groups of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae strains defined by spoligotyping
Veterinary Microbiology, 2010Co-Authors: E L Duarte, M Domingos, A Amado, Monica V Cunha, Ana BotelhoAbstract:The value of Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units-Variable Number Tandem Repeats (MIRU-VNTR) as a genotyping technique for Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae, has been confirmed in different countries and epidemiological scenarios. However, a standardized panel of loci has not yet been adopted for these species, since allelic diversity of each locus differs among countries. To determine the most discriminatory loci, a panel of 181 M. bovis and M. caprae strains representing 12 spoligotypes was created. The panel included strains from the three predominant spoligotypes previously isolated in Portugal; strains from spoligotyping group SB0140, prevalent in the British Isles but also detected in Portugal; strains from spoligotypes common to cattle and wildlife species and strains from the M. caprae spoligotyping group SB0157. MIRU-VNTR analysis of these strains, targeting 8 selected loci, produced 87 different profiles (h=0.99), being VNTR3232, QUB11a, ETR-B and ETR-A the most discriminatory loci (h=0.96). A single M. bovis spoligotyping group could be differentiated - up to 44 MIRU-VNTR profiles. These results emphasize the high genotype diversity of Portuguese isolates compared with other countries. MIRU-VNTR typing was superior to spoligotyping for identifying multi-genotype infected herds and the combination of the two genotyping methods by a hierarchical approach confirmed the genetic relatedness of M. bovis isolates between cattle and wildlife.
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spoligotype diversity of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae animal isolates
Veterinary Microbiology, 2008Co-Authors: E L Duarte, M Domingos, A Amado, Ana BotelhoAbstract:Abstract The genetic diversity of 283 Mycobacterium bovis ( M. bovis ) and 10 Mycobacterium caprae ( M. caprae ) strains, isolated between 2002 and 2007 from cattle, goat, red deer and wild boar from six different geographical regions of Portugal was investigated by spoligotyping. The technique showed a good discriminatory power (Hunter–Gaston Index, h = 0.9) for the strains, revealing 29 different patterns. One pattern (SB0121) was clearly predominant, accounting for 26.3% of the isolates; ten patterns, representing 20.7% of the isolates, had never been reported previously. Multiple spoligotypes were detected in thirteen cattle and one goat herd, most of which were found in beef cattle and extensive management regions, suggesting different infection sources. With the exception of two spoligotypes, those in wildlife species were also found in domestic species.
M M Wittenbrink - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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epidemiological tracing of bovine tuberculosis in switzerland multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Giovanni Ghielmetti, Simone Scherrer, Ute Friedel, Daniel Frei, Dominique Suter, Lukas Perler, M M WittenbrinkAbstract:Background After 15 years of absence, in 2013 bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by Mycobacterium (M.) bovis and M. caprae, reemerged in the Swiss dairy cattle population. In order to identify the sources of infection as well as the spread of the agents, molecular-epidemiologic tracing by MIRU-VNTR analysis in combination with spoligotyping was performed. A total of 17 M. bovis and 7 M. caprae isolates were cultured from tuberculous bovine lymph nodes and analyzed with a set of 49 genetic markers by using automated capillary electrophoresis. Results The outbreak in the western part of Switzerland was caused by M. bovis spoligotype SB0120. With the exception of four single-locus variations observed in MIRU 20, the MIRU-VNTR profiles of the 17 M. bovis isolates were identical, indicating a single source of infection. M. bovis detected in one archival bovine specimen from the outbreak region showed an identical MIRU-VNTR profile, suggesting persistence of the agent in a dairy herd for nearly fifteen years. The outbreak in the eastern part of Switzerland was caused by M. caprae spoligotype SB0418. All Swiss M. caprae isolates showed the Lechtal-type MIRU-VNTR profile, described as endemic in wild ruminants and in dairy cattle in Austrian bordering regions. This suggests the agent was most likely introduced by Swiss dairy cattle summering on Austrian pastures. Conclusions The present study is the first MIRU-VNTR analysis of Swiss bTB mycobacterial isolates. The genotyping assay was found to be highly discriminating and suitable for the epidemiological tracing of further outbreaks. These findings will contribute to the development of an international MIRU-VNTR database aiming to improve bTB surveillance.
Lucas Domínguez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium caprae in a camel camelus dromedarius
BMC Veterinary Research, 2020Co-Authors: Jose Antonio Infanteslorenzo, Beatriz Romero, Lucas Domínguez, Antonio Rodriguezbertos, Alvaro Roy, J Ortega, L De Juan, Inmaculada Moreno, Mercedes Dominguez, Javier BezosAbstract:Animal tuberculosis (TB) is distributed worldwide and has a wide range of wild and domestic reservoirs. Few studies concerning TB in camelids have been published in the last decade, particularly as regards Old World Camelids (OWC), but the increase in reports of TB outbreaks in these species in recent years suggests a high susceptibility to the infection. We studied a dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) herd (n = 24) in which a Mycobacterium caprae infection was detected. The TB infection was confirmed in one animal at necropsy through the detection of TB lesions, mainly in the abdominal organs, and the subsequent isolation of M. caprae (SB0157 spoligotype). The whole herd was additionally tested using cellular and humoral based diagnostic techniques. The intradermal tuberculin test results were compared with those obtained using P22 ELISA for the detection of specific antibodies against the M. tuberculosis complex. The TB infected animal was a positive reactor to both the intradermal tuberculin tests and P22 ELISA, while the others were negative to all the diagnostic tests. The present study found M. caprae infection in OWC. This is the first report of M. caprae infection in an OWC not living in a zoo. Since the animal was born in the herd and fed with goat’s milk, this practice was suspected to be the potential source of TB infection, which was not confirmed in the other animals present in the herd. Moreover, our results highlight that the intradermal tuberculin test and the P22 ELISA could be valuable tools for the diagnosis of TB in OWC.
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Complete genome sequences of field isolates of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae
Genome Announcements, 2015Co-Authors: José De La Fuente, Beatriz Romero, Iratxe Díez-delgado, Marinela Contreras, Joaquín Vicente, Alejandro Cabezas-cruz, Marina Manrique, Raquel Tobes, Vladimir López, Lucas DomínguezAbstract:Here we report the complete genome sequences of field isolates of Mycobacterium bovis and the related mycobacterial species, Mycobacterium caprae. The genomes of three M. bovis (MB1, MB3, MB4) and one M. caprae (MB2) field isolates with different virulence, prevalence, and host distribution phenotypes were sequenced.
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evaluation of single and comparative intradermal tuberculin tests for tuberculosis eradication in caprine flocks in castilla y leon spain
Research in Veterinary Science, 2014Co-Authors: Javier Bezos, Beatriz Romero, Lucas Domínguez, Julio Alvarez, Carmen Casal, Sergio Marques, Ana Grau, Olga Minguez, Lucía De JuanAbstract:Abstract Goats can act as reservoirs for tuberculosis (TB) infection. The main etiological agents of TB in goats are Mycobacterium caprae and Mycobacterium bovis and they infect also a wide range of domestic and wild animals and humans. Control programmes based mainly on the application of single and comparative intradermal tuberculin (SIT and SCIT respectively) tests are being implemented in certain regions of Spain with a high density of caprine flocks as Castilla y Leon, including goats with epidemiological relationship with cattle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the intradermal tests in naturally TB-infected caprine flocks from this region. The study was performed using data from 17,450 goats in 54 different flocks that were classified as TB-infected in the control programmes executed in 2010 and 2011. Data from 1237 goats from 7 dairy flocks depopulated after the first intradermal testing were used to estimate the sensitivity (Se) using bacteriology as the gold-standard. Overall Se of the SIT test using the severe interpretation was 43.9% (CI 95%, 40.4–47.4) and decreased to 38.8% (CI 95%, 35.5–42.3) using the standard interpretation. Overall Se of the SCIT test ranged between 21.3% (CI 95%, 17.6–25.4) and 7% (CI 95%, 4.9–9.8) depending of the interpretation criteria. A significant weak positive correlation was found between age and skin fold thickness (Spearman’s test p
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Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae in sheep.
The Veterinary Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Marta Muñoz Mendoza, Lucía De Juan, S. Menéndez, Antón Ocampo, Jorge Mourelo, Jose Luis Saez, Lucas Domínguez, Christian Gortázar, Juan Francisco García Marín, Ana BalseiroAbstract:Tuberculosis was diagnosed in three flocks of sheep in Galicia, Spain, in 2009 and 2010. Two flocks were infected with Mycobacterium bovis and one flock was infected with Mycobacterium caprae. Infection was confirmed by the comparative intradermal tuberculin test, bacteriology, molecular analysis and histopathology. Sheep have the potential to act as a reservoir for tuberculosis.
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assessment of in vivo and in vitro tuberculosis diagnostic tests in Mycobacterium caprae naturally infected caprine flocks
Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Javier Bezos, Lucía De Juan, Beatriz Romero, Sabrina Rodriguez, Julio Alvarez, Ana Mateos, Isabel G Fernandezdemera, Glyn R Hewinson, Martin Vordermeier, Lucas DomínguezAbstract:Abstract Caprine tuberculosis in Spain is mainly caused by Mycobacterium caprae although the progression of the disease and lesion severity is similar to that caused by Mycobacterium bovis. In this study, the sensitivity of the gamma-interferon (IFN-γ) assay using an antigen cocktail containing early secretory antigenic target-6 kDa (ESAT-6) and culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10) peptides for stimulation was determined and compared with those obtained in single intradermal tuberculin (SIT) and single intradermal cervical comparative tuberculin (SICCT) tests and IFN-γ assay using purified protein derivative (PPD) in three different flocks infected with M. caprae under different epidemiological conditions. Correlation between specific IFN-γ production and severity of lesions was also evaluated. Sensitivities of the diagnostic tests varied greatly in the three flocks studied, with higher values in those where higher lesion scores were observed. The results show that IFN-γ assay applied in goats using PPD or the ESAT-6/CFP-10 peptides cocktail for stimulation yielded similar sensitivity values. A significant yet weak positive correlation between specific IFN-γ production and lesion scores was detected after the stimulation with PPDs (p = 0.004) whereas when the blood samples were stimulated with ESAT-6/CFP-10 peptides, the correlation was not significant (p > 0.05). Therefore, specific-IFN-γ production after the stimulation with PPDs or ESAT-6/CFP-10 was not an accurate indicator of lesion severity in naturally tuberculosis infected goats with M. caprae.
