The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Mika Westerlund - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The effects of service Orientation, Technology Orientation and open innovation on the performance of software-intensive service businesses
    Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2012
    Co-Authors: Risto Rajala, Mika Westerlund
    Abstract:

    Our analysis of data from 179 software firms reveals how they react to industry-wide shifts including increasing service-intensity, changing technologies and the growing openness of innovation. Firms' strategic responses to these shifts explain a significant amount of their business model performance. Service Orientation is connected with "customer proximity" strategy, which has a greater positive effect on the firms' short-term financial performance than on market performance. Firms' engagement in open innovation fosters their "product uniformity" strategy, which influences positively on their long-haul market performance. Technological capabilities and response to Technology changes drive customer- and product-focused service development. They result in positive financial and market performance effects. Firms in service industries benefit of our results in designing and managing their service business models.

  • HICSS - The Effects of Service Orientation, Technology Orientation and Open Innovation on the Performance of Software-intensive Service Businesses
    2012 45th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2012
    Co-Authors: Risto Rajala, Mika Westerlund
    Abstract:

    Our analysis of data from 179 software firms reveals how they react to industry-wide shifts including increasing service-intensity, changing technologies and the growing openness of innovation. Firms' strategic responses to these shifts explain a significant amount of their business model performance. Service Orientation is connected with "customer proximity" strategy, which has a greater positive effect on the firms' short-term financial performance than on market performance. Firms' engagement in open innovation fosters their "product uniformity" strategy, which influences positively on their long-haul market performance. Technological capabilities and response to Technology changes drive customer- and product-focused service development. They result in positive financial and market performance effects. Firms in service industries benefit of our results in designing and managing their service business models.

Risto Rajala - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The effects of service Orientation, Technology Orientation and open innovation on the performance of software-intensive service businesses
    Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2012
    Co-Authors: Risto Rajala, Mika Westerlund
    Abstract:

    Our analysis of data from 179 software firms reveals how they react to industry-wide shifts including increasing service-intensity, changing technologies and the growing openness of innovation. Firms' strategic responses to these shifts explain a significant amount of their business model performance. Service Orientation is connected with "customer proximity" strategy, which has a greater positive effect on the firms' short-term financial performance than on market performance. Firms' engagement in open innovation fosters their "product uniformity" strategy, which influences positively on their long-haul market performance. Technological capabilities and response to Technology changes drive customer- and product-focused service development. They result in positive financial and market performance effects. Firms in service industries benefit of our results in designing and managing their service business models.

  • HICSS - The Effects of Service Orientation, Technology Orientation and Open Innovation on the Performance of Software-intensive Service Businesses
    2012 45th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2012
    Co-Authors: Risto Rajala, Mika Westerlund
    Abstract:

    Our analysis of data from 179 software firms reveals how they react to industry-wide shifts including increasing service-intensity, changing technologies and the growing openness of innovation. Firms' strategic responses to these shifts explain a significant amount of their business model performance. Service Orientation is connected with "customer proximity" strategy, which has a greater positive effect on the firms' short-term financial performance than on market performance. Firms' engagement in open innovation fosters their "product uniformity" strategy, which influences positively on their long-haul market performance. Technological capabilities and response to Technology changes drive customer- and product-focused service development. They result in positive financial and market performance effects. Firms in service industries benefit of our results in designing and managing their service business models.

  • Antecendents to and performance effects of software firms' business models
    2009
    Co-Authors: Risto Rajala
    Abstract:

    This study examines the antecedents to and performance effects of software firms’ business models. Based on a structural equation modeling of data gathered from almost 200 firms in the software industry, the study shows that firms’ service Orientation, Technology Orientation, and open innovation engagement explain a significant amount of the variation evident in their business models. In addition, the study shows that business model focus has significant implications for firm performance. Notably, software firms’ service Orientation is found to be positively related with their customer proximity-focused business models. The findings indicate that such business models have a significant positive impact on firms’ financial performance and slightly weaker, yet significant impact on their market performance. Moreover, firms’ engagement in open innovation activity is seen to foster their product uniformity-focused business models. Such business models are found to have a direct and positive effect on firms’ market performance. This study makes three principal contributions. First, it formalizes the definitions of an organization’s service Orientation, Technology Orientation, and open innovation engagement. Second, it establishes a model that explains how and why these factors antecede individual firms’ business models and shows their respective performance effects. Finally, the analysis of business model performance offers the basis for future research directions.

Giulio E. Lancioni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Orientation Technology to help persons with blindness and multiple disabilities manage indoor travel and travel-related anxiety
    Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 2014
    Co-Authors: Giulio E. Lancioni, Nirbhay N. Singh, Mark F. O’reilly, Jeff Sigafoos, Doretta Oliva, Maria L. La Martire, Adele Boccasini, Russell Lang
    Abstract:

    AbstractBackground This study extended the assessment of a Technology-aided Orientation program with auditory cues by including 2 participants with multiple disabilities who had difficulties in indoor travel and showed travel-related anxiety behaviours (e.g., calling for help and whimpering).Method The study was carried out according to a multiple probe design across 2 settings for the first participant and an ABAB design for the second participant. Data collection served to determine whether the Orientation Technology used during the intervention phases of the study and the postintervention check had a positive impact on the participants’ indoor travel and anxiety behaviours.Results Data showed that both participants learned to travel successfully with the support of the Technology. Concomitant with their successful travel, anxiety-related behaviours were eliminated or reduced to minimal levels.Conclusions Technology-aided Orientation programs may be effective for both promoting correct indoor travel and...

  • Persons with mild or moderate Alzheimer's disease use a basic Orientation Technology to travel to different rooms within a day center.
    Research in developmental disabilities, 2011
    Co-Authors: Giulio E. Lancioni, Nirbhay N. Singh, Mark F. O’reilly, Jeff Sigafoos, Viviana Perilli, Andrea Bosco, Maria De Caro, Germana Cassano, Katia Pinto, Mauro G. Minervini
    Abstract:

    This study assessed whether three patients with Alzheimer's disease could learn to use a basic Orientation Technology to reach different rooms within a day center. At each travel instance, the Technology provided verbal messages (cues) from the room to reach. For the first two patients, the messages were presented at intervals of about 15s. For the third patient (who had more extensive Orientation problems), shorter intervals combined with the voice of the research assistant were initially used. Results showed that all three patients were successful in using the Technology to orient their travel and find the rooms correctly. A social validation assessment, in which university psychology students were asked to rate the patients' travel performance with the Technology and with the help of a caregiver, provided generally higher (more positive) scores for the Technology-assisted performance. The implications of the findings for daily programs of patients with Alzheimer's disease are discussed.

  • Persons with multiple disabilities use Orientation Technology to find room entrances during indoor traveling
    Research in developmental disabilities, 2010
    Co-Authors: Giulio E. Lancioni, Nirbhay N. Singh, Mark F. O’reilly, Jeff Sigafoos, Gloria Alberti, Francesca Scigliuzzo, Mario Signorino, Doretta Oliva, Angela Smaldone, Maria L. La Martire
    Abstract:

    These two studies assessed adapted Orientation Technology for promoting correct direction and room identification during indoor traveling by persons with multiple (e.g., sensory, motor and intellectual/adaptive) disabilities. In Study I, two adults were included who had severe visual impairment or total blindness and deafness and used a wheelchair for traveling. In Study II, two adults participated who had visual impairment or total blindness but were ambulatory. All participants were to travel to different rooms located along a hallway to carry out small activities. The Orientation Technology ensured that the participants received (a) a verbal instruction to go to their right or left and/or a vibratory cue to the right or left side of their body as soon as they exited a room to orient their travel within the hallway and (b) a similar verbal instruction and/or vibratory cue to turn and enter when they reached the next target room entrance. Results of both studies showed that the participants on wheelchairs and those able to ambulate were successful in using the Technology, orient their travel, and find the appropriate room entrances. The findings are discussed in relation to the importance of independent indoor traveling and the impact of the new Technology.

  • Two persons with multiple disabilities use Orientation Technology with auditory cues to manage simple indoor traveling
    Research in developmental disabilities, 2009
    Co-Authors: Giulio E. Lancioni, Nirbhay N. Singh, Mark F. O’reilly, Jeff Sigafoos, Francesca Campodonico, Doretta Oliva
    Abstract:

    This study was an effort to extend the evaluation of Orientation Technology for promoting independent indoor traveling in persons with multiple disabilities. Two participants (adults) were included, who were to travel to activity destinations within occupational settings. The Orientation system involved (a) cueing sources only at the destinations (i.e., a single sound source per destination), (b) a newly developed electronic control device that allowed the participants to easily manage the activation of the sources at the destinations, and (c) the provision of approval or encouragement messages. Both participants were successful in using the system and performed their travels to the destinations fairly correctly and in relatively short amounts of time within (a) the occupational setting used for the intervention and (b) a similar occupational setting used for checking generalization effects. The findings are discussed in relation to the importance of independent indoor traveling and the impact of the new Technology.

  • A Wheelchair User with Visual and Intellectual Disabilities Managing Simple Orientation Technology for Indoor Travel
    Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2009
    Co-Authors: Giulio E. Lancioni, Nirbhay N. Singh, Mark F. O’reilly, Jeff Sigafoos, Francesca Campodonico, Doretta Oliva
    Abstract:

    Persons with profound visual impairments and other disabilities, such as neuromotor and intellectual disabilities, may encounter serious Orientation and mobility problems even in familiar indoor environments, such as their homes (Joffee & Rikhye, 1991; Lancioni & Oliva, 1999; Lancioni et al., 2007, 2008; Uslan, Russell, & Weiner, 1988). Teaching these persons to develop maps of their daily environment, using miniature replicas of the areas or some landmarks as Orientation cues, may be difficult (Emerson & Corn, 2006; Joffee, 1995; Lancioni et al., 2007; Martinsen, Tellevik, Elmerskog, & Storlilckken, 2007). The difficulty may be even greater when the persons are in wheelchairs and thus have limited opportunities to explore the surrounding space and related cues (Lancioni et al., 2007). A potentially effective alternative to the aforementioned maps could be the use of Orientation Technology, specifically, Orientation systems that rely on directional cues (Lancioni et al., 2007; Uslan et al., 1988). These systems are intended to guide or direct persons to their destinations without requiring spatial or travel abilities other than those of orienting to the sources that are providing cues (Lancioni et al., 2007, 2008). Although such systems can be useful, efforts are needed to enhance their flexibility and simplicity so that they can more easily suit different environmental and personal situations (Scherer, Sax, Vanbiervliet, Cushman, & Scherer, 2005). Recently, we designed a system to be simpler than previous systems. It uses cues only at destinations (that is, a single sound source per destination) and involves a portable, electronic control device with keys to activate the cues at the sources or destinations. Two participants with multiple disabilities used the system successfully (Lancioni et al., 2008). The current study assessed such a system with a wheelchair user, a woman, with minimal residual vision and a moderate intellectual disability. Contrary to the aforementioned participants, the wheelchair user described in this report could not efficiently find doors to rooms by following the walls of a room or corridor with her hand. Moreover, she could not discriminate and use the keys of the control device. To deal with these disadvantages, we marked the doors to rooms with orange lights and used a larger control device with wider keys for activating destinations. The keys for activating the destinations were covered with small (discriminated) objects representing the activities that were available at the destinations; these objects were encircled with light-emitting diodes. The diodes on a key remained illuminated until that key was selected. METHOD Participant The participant (Gloria) was 27 years old and in a wheelchair, which she could slowly propel on her own, because of her spastic tetraparesis and hip problems. She also had optic nerve atrophy and minimal residual vision, so she could see objects at a distance of about 1 meter (approximately 3 feet) and light sources at a distance of about 2 meters (approximately 6.5 feet) (Morse, Teresi, Rosenthal, Holmes, & Yatzkan, 2004). She was rated as having a moderate intellectual disability with a verbal IQ score of 47 on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Gloria could understand and produce simple sentences about daily events and persons. Her age equivalent for daily living skills was lower than 3 years on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-Interview Edition (Sparrow, Balla, & Cicchetti, 1984). Gloria was known for her Orientation problems and her reliance on staff for reaching relevant destinations within her daily environment. She lived at home with her parents and attended a day activity center, where she engaged in vocational activities such as assembling key holders and wool decorations, and in leisure activities. Approval for this study was granted by the Scientific and Ethics Committee of the Lega F. …

Min Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Hybrid-Orientation Technology (HOT): opportunities and challenges
    IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2006
    Co-Authors: Min Yang, Victor Chan, K. Chan, Leathen Shi, David M. Fried, James H. Stathis, A.i. Chou, Evgeni Gusev, John A. Ott, L.e. Burns
    Abstract:

    At the onset of innovative device structures intended to extend the roadmap for silicon CMOS, many techniques have been investigated to improve carrier mobility in silicon MOSFETs. A novel planar silicon CMOS structure, seeking optimized surface Orientation, and hence carrier mobilities for both nFETs and pFETs, emerged. Hybrid-Orientation Technology provides nFETs on (100) surface Orientation and pFETs on [110] surface Orientation through wafer bonding and silicon selective epitaxy. The fabrication processes and device characteristics are reviewed in this paper.

  • On the scalability and carrier transport of advanced CMOS devices
    2005 International Conference on Integrated Circuit Design and Technology 2005. ICICDT 2005., 2005
    Co-Authors: Meikei Icong, Min Yang, Victor Chan, Bruce B. Doris, Leland Chang, H. Shang, Sufi Zafar
    Abstract:

    Conventional scaling is no longer effective to continue device performance trend because of technological difficulties in the scaling of key device parameters. In this paper, the authors discussed device scaling options beyond convention device structures. Recent progress in advanced gate stack, ultrathin body silicon on insulator (UTSOI) MOSFET and FinFET structures for improved electrostatic were discussed. Various mobility enhancement techniques were also discussed including strained silicon hybrid Orientation Technology, and Ge FET.

  • On the integration of CMOS with hybrid crystal Orientations
    Digest of Technical Papers. 2004 Symposium on VLSI Technology 2004., 2004
    Co-Authors: Min Yang, Victor Chan, K. Chan, Leathen Shi, Meikei Ieong, C.s. Murthy, H.s. Yang, E.a. Lehner
    Abstract:

    Design and integration issues have been investigated for the hybrid Orientation Technology (HOT), i.e. device isolation, epitaxy and dopant implantation. Ring oscillators using HOT CMOS have been demonstrated for the first time, with L/sub poly/ about 85nm and t/sub ox/=2.2nm, resulting in 21% improvement compared with control CMOS on (100) Orientations.

  • Dual stress liner enhancement in hybrid Orientation Technology
    Digest of Technical Papers. 2005 Symposium on VLSI Technology 2005., 1
    Co-Authors: Christopher D. Sheraw, Min Yang, Victor Chan, David M. Fried, Gregory Costrini, Thomas S. Kanarsky, Woo-hyeong Lee, Massimo V. Fischetti, Judson R. Holt, L. Black
    Abstract:

    Hybrid Orientation Technology (HOT) has been successfully integrated with a dual stress liner (DSL) process to demonstrate outstanding PFET device characteristics in epitaxially grown [110] bulk silicon. Stress induced by the nitride MOL liners results in mobility enhancement that depends on the designed Orientation of the gate, in agreement with theory. Compressive stressed liner films are utilized to increase HOT PFET saturation current to 635 uA/um I/sub DSat/ at 100 nA/um I/sub OFF/ for V/sub DD/=1.0 V at a 45 nm gate length. The AC performance of a HOT ring oscillator shows 14% benefit from [110] silicon and an additional 8% benefit due to the compressive MOL film.

  • Scaling beyond conventional CMOS device
    Proceedings. 7th International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuits Technology 2004., 1
    Co-Authors: Meikei Ieong, Min Yang, B. Dons, J. Kedzierski, Z. Ren, K. Rim, H. Shang
    Abstract:

    Conventional scaling is no longer effective to continue device performance trend because of technological difficulties in the scaling of key device parameters. In this paper, we discuss device scaling options beyond convention device structures. We discuss ultrathin body silicon on insulator (UTSOI) MOSFET and FinFET structures for improved electrostatic. We also discuss various mobility enhancement techniques including strained silicon on insulator (SGOI), strained silicon directly on insulator (SSDOI), and hybrid Orientation Technology (HOT).

Jeff Sigafoos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Orientation Technology to help persons with blindness and multiple disabilities manage indoor travel and travel-related anxiety
    Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 2014
    Co-Authors: Giulio E. Lancioni, Nirbhay N. Singh, Mark F. O’reilly, Jeff Sigafoos, Doretta Oliva, Maria L. La Martire, Adele Boccasini, Russell Lang
    Abstract:

    AbstractBackground This study extended the assessment of a Technology-aided Orientation program with auditory cues by including 2 participants with multiple disabilities who had difficulties in indoor travel and showed travel-related anxiety behaviours (e.g., calling for help and whimpering).Method The study was carried out according to a multiple probe design across 2 settings for the first participant and an ABAB design for the second participant. Data collection served to determine whether the Orientation Technology used during the intervention phases of the study and the postintervention check had a positive impact on the participants’ indoor travel and anxiety behaviours.Results Data showed that both participants learned to travel successfully with the support of the Technology. Concomitant with their successful travel, anxiety-related behaviours were eliminated or reduced to minimal levels.Conclusions Technology-aided Orientation programs may be effective for both promoting correct indoor travel and...

  • Persons with mild or moderate Alzheimer's disease use a basic Orientation Technology to travel to different rooms within a day center.
    Research in developmental disabilities, 2011
    Co-Authors: Giulio E. Lancioni, Nirbhay N. Singh, Mark F. O’reilly, Jeff Sigafoos, Viviana Perilli, Andrea Bosco, Maria De Caro, Germana Cassano, Katia Pinto, Mauro G. Minervini
    Abstract:

    This study assessed whether three patients with Alzheimer's disease could learn to use a basic Orientation Technology to reach different rooms within a day center. At each travel instance, the Technology provided verbal messages (cues) from the room to reach. For the first two patients, the messages were presented at intervals of about 15s. For the third patient (who had more extensive Orientation problems), shorter intervals combined with the voice of the research assistant were initially used. Results showed that all three patients were successful in using the Technology to orient their travel and find the rooms correctly. A social validation assessment, in which university psychology students were asked to rate the patients' travel performance with the Technology and with the help of a caregiver, provided generally higher (more positive) scores for the Technology-assisted performance. The implications of the findings for daily programs of patients with Alzheimer's disease are discussed.

  • Persons with multiple disabilities use Orientation Technology to find room entrances during indoor traveling
    Research in developmental disabilities, 2010
    Co-Authors: Giulio E. Lancioni, Nirbhay N. Singh, Mark F. O’reilly, Jeff Sigafoos, Gloria Alberti, Francesca Scigliuzzo, Mario Signorino, Doretta Oliva, Angela Smaldone, Maria L. La Martire
    Abstract:

    These two studies assessed adapted Orientation Technology for promoting correct direction and room identification during indoor traveling by persons with multiple (e.g., sensory, motor and intellectual/adaptive) disabilities. In Study I, two adults were included who had severe visual impairment or total blindness and deafness and used a wheelchair for traveling. In Study II, two adults participated who had visual impairment or total blindness but were ambulatory. All participants were to travel to different rooms located along a hallway to carry out small activities. The Orientation Technology ensured that the participants received (a) a verbal instruction to go to their right or left and/or a vibratory cue to the right or left side of their body as soon as they exited a room to orient their travel within the hallway and (b) a similar verbal instruction and/or vibratory cue to turn and enter when they reached the next target room entrance. Results of both studies showed that the participants on wheelchairs and those able to ambulate were successful in using the Technology, orient their travel, and find the appropriate room entrances. The findings are discussed in relation to the importance of independent indoor traveling and the impact of the new Technology.

  • Two persons with multiple disabilities use Orientation Technology with auditory cues to manage simple indoor traveling
    Research in developmental disabilities, 2009
    Co-Authors: Giulio E. Lancioni, Nirbhay N. Singh, Mark F. O’reilly, Jeff Sigafoos, Francesca Campodonico, Doretta Oliva
    Abstract:

    This study was an effort to extend the evaluation of Orientation Technology for promoting independent indoor traveling in persons with multiple disabilities. Two participants (adults) were included, who were to travel to activity destinations within occupational settings. The Orientation system involved (a) cueing sources only at the destinations (i.e., a single sound source per destination), (b) a newly developed electronic control device that allowed the participants to easily manage the activation of the sources at the destinations, and (c) the provision of approval or encouragement messages. Both participants were successful in using the system and performed their travels to the destinations fairly correctly and in relatively short amounts of time within (a) the occupational setting used for the intervention and (b) a similar occupational setting used for checking generalization effects. The findings are discussed in relation to the importance of independent indoor traveling and the impact of the new Technology.

  • A Wheelchair User with Visual and Intellectual Disabilities Managing Simple Orientation Technology for Indoor Travel
    Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 2009
    Co-Authors: Giulio E. Lancioni, Nirbhay N. Singh, Mark F. O’reilly, Jeff Sigafoos, Francesca Campodonico, Doretta Oliva
    Abstract:

    Persons with profound visual impairments and other disabilities, such as neuromotor and intellectual disabilities, may encounter serious Orientation and mobility problems even in familiar indoor environments, such as their homes (Joffee & Rikhye, 1991; Lancioni & Oliva, 1999; Lancioni et al., 2007, 2008; Uslan, Russell, & Weiner, 1988). Teaching these persons to develop maps of their daily environment, using miniature replicas of the areas or some landmarks as Orientation cues, may be difficult (Emerson & Corn, 2006; Joffee, 1995; Lancioni et al., 2007; Martinsen, Tellevik, Elmerskog, & Storlilckken, 2007). The difficulty may be even greater when the persons are in wheelchairs and thus have limited opportunities to explore the surrounding space and related cues (Lancioni et al., 2007). A potentially effective alternative to the aforementioned maps could be the use of Orientation Technology, specifically, Orientation systems that rely on directional cues (Lancioni et al., 2007; Uslan et al., 1988). These systems are intended to guide or direct persons to their destinations without requiring spatial or travel abilities other than those of orienting to the sources that are providing cues (Lancioni et al., 2007, 2008). Although such systems can be useful, efforts are needed to enhance their flexibility and simplicity so that they can more easily suit different environmental and personal situations (Scherer, Sax, Vanbiervliet, Cushman, & Scherer, 2005). Recently, we designed a system to be simpler than previous systems. It uses cues only at destinations (that is, a single sound source per destination) and involves a portable, electronic control device with keys to activate the cues at the sources or destinations. Two participants with multiple disabilities used the system successfully (Lancioni et al., 2008). The current study assessed such a system with a wheelchair user, a woman, with minimal residual vision and a moderate intellectual disability. Contrary to the aforementioned participants, the wheelchair user described in this report could not efficiently find doors to rooms by following the walls of a room or corridor with her hand. Moreover, she could not discriminate and use the keys of the control device. To deal with these disadvantages, we marked the doors to rooms with orange lights and used a larger control device with wider keys for activating destinations. The keys for activating the destinations were covered with small (discriminated) objects representing the activities that were available at the destinations; these objects were encircled with light-emitting diodes. The diodes on a key remained illuminated until that key was selected. METHOD Participant The participant (Gloria) was 27 years old and in a wheelchair, which she could slowly propel on her own, because of her spastic tetraparesis and hip problems. She also had optic nerve atrophy and minimal residual vision, so she could see objects at a distance of about 1 meter (approximately 3 feet) and light sources at a distance of about 2 meters (approximately 6.5 feet) (Morse, Teresi, Rosenthal, Holmes, & Yatzkan, 2004). She was rated as having a moderate intellectual disability with a verbal IQ score of 47 on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Gloria could understand and produce simple sentences about daily events and persons. Her age equivalent for daily living skills was lower than 3 years on the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-Interview Edition (Sparrow, Balla, & Cicchetti, 1984). Gloria was known for her Orientation problems and her reliance on staff for reaching relevant destinations within her daily environment. She lived at home with her parents and attended a day activity center, where she engaged in vocational activities such as assembling key holders and wool decorations, and in leisure activities. Approval for this study was granted by the Scientific and Ethics Committee of the Lega F. …