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John Akanni O. Ojewole - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Properties of Harpagophytum procumbens DC (Pedaliaceae) Secondary Root Aqueous Extract
    2015
    Co-Authors: Ismail M. Mahomed, John Akanni O. Ojewole
    Abstract:

    South Africa is blessed with a rich floral biodiversity of medicinally useful plants. One such plant is Harpagophytum procumbens DC (Family: Pedaliaceae). H. procumbens is widely used in South African traditional medicine for the treatment, management and/or control of a variety of human ailments. In the present study, the analgesic effect of H. procumbens secondary root aqueous extract was evaluated in mice, using the ‘hot-plate ’ and ‘acetic acid ’ test methods; while the antiinflammatory and antidiabetic effects of the plant’s secondary root extract were investigated in rats. Fresh egg albumin-induced pedal oedema and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus were used as experimental test models of inflammation and diabetes Diclofenac (DIC, 100 mg/kg i.p.) was used as a reference analgesic and antiinflammatory agent for comparison. Chlorpropamide (250 mg/kg p.o.) was used as a reference hypoglycaemic agent for comparison. H. procumbens root aqueous extract (HPE, 50–800 mg/kg i.p.) produced significant (p < 0.05–0.001) analgesic effects against thermally and chemically induced nociceptive pain stimuli in mice. H. procumbens root extract (HPE, 50–800 mg/kg i.p.) also produced dose-related, significant reductions (p < 0.05–0.001) of the fresh egg albumin-induced acute inflammation of the rat hind paw oedema. Furthermore, the plant extract (HPE, 50–800 mg/kg i.p.) produced dose-dependent, significant reductions (p < 0.05–0.001) in the blood glucose concentrations of both fasted normal and fasted diabetic rats. The results of this experimental animal stud

  • Uterotonic effect of Harpagophytum procumbens DC (Pedaliaceae) secondary root aqueous extract on rat isolated uterine horns
    Journal of smooth muscle research = Nihon Heikatsukin Gakkai kikanshi, 2009
    Co-Authors: Ismail M. Mahomed, John Akanni O. Ojewole
    Abstract:

    Some traditional health practitioners of South Africa have claimed that Harpagophytum procumbens DC (family: Pedaliaceae) secondary root is a useful obstetric remedy for induction or acceleration of labour, as well as for expelling retained placentas in pregnant women. In the present study, therefore, we investigated the effect of H. procumbens secondary root aqueous extract (HPE) on longitudinal, tubular uterine horn muscle strips taken from non-pregnant and pregnant, young adult, female rats. HPE (10-800 μg/ml) induced concentration-related and significant (P

  • Anticonvulsant activity of Harpagophytum procumbens DC [Pedaliaceae] secondary root aqueous extract in mice.
    Brain Research Bulletin, 2006
    Co-Authors: Ismail M. Mahomed, John Akanni O. Ojewole
    Abstract:

    Abstract Harpagophytum procumbens DC [family: Pedaliaceae] is widely used in South African traditional medicine for the treatment, management and/or control of a variety of human ailments. In the present study, we have examined the anticonvulsant activity of Harpagophytum procumbens secondary root aqueous extract (HPE, 50–800 mg/kg i.p.) against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-, picrotoxin (PCT)- and bicuculline (BCL)-induced seizures in mice. Phenobarbitone and diazepam were used as reference anticonvulsant drugs for comparison. Like the reference anticonvulsant agents used, H. procumbens secondary root aqueous extract (HPE, 100–800 mg/kg i.p.) significantly (P

Ismail M. Mahomed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Properties of Harpagophytum procumbens DC (Pedaliaceae) Secondary Root Aqueous Extract
    2015
    Co-Authors: Ismail M. Mahomed, John Akanni O. Ojewole
    Abstract:

    South Africa is blessed with a rich floral biodiversity of medicinally useful plants. One such plant is Harpagophytum procumbens DC (Family: Pedaliaceae). H. procumbens is widely used in South African traditional medicine for the treatment, management and/or control of a variety of human ailments. In the present study, the analgesic effect of H. procumbens secondary root aqueous extract was evaluated in mice, using the ‘hot-plate ’ and ‘acetic acid ’ test methods; while the antiinflammatory and antidiabetic effects of the plant’s secondary root extract were investigated in rats. Fresh egg albumin-induced pedal oedema and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus were used as experimental test models of inflammation and diabetes Diclofenac (DIC, 100 mg/kg i.p.) was used as a reference analgesic and antiinflammatory agent for comparison. Chlorpropamide (250 mg/kg p.o.) was used as a reference hypoglycaemic agent for comparison. H. procumbens root aqueous extract (HPE, 50–800 mg/kg i.p.) produced significant (p < 0.05–0.001) analgesic effects against thermally and chemically induced nociceptive pain stimuli in mice. H. procumbens root extract (HPE, 50–800 mg/kg i.p.) also produced dose-related, significant reductions (p < 0.05–0.001) of the fresh egg albumin-induced acute inflammation of the rat hind paw oedema. Furthermore, the plant extract (HPE, 50–800 mg/kg i.p.) produced dose-dependent, significant reductions (p < 0.05–0.001) in the blood glucose concentrations of both fasted normal and fasted diabetic rats. The results of this experimental animal stud

  • Uterotonic effect of Harpagophytum procumbens DC (Pedaliaceae) secondary root aqueous extract on rat isolated uterine horns
    Journal of smooth muscle research = Nihon Heikatsukin Gakkai kikanshi, 2009
    Co-Authors: Ismail M. Mahomed, John Akanni O. Ojewole
    Abstract:

    Some traditional health practitioners of South Africa have claimed that Harpagophytum procumbens DC (family: Pedaliaceae) secondary root is a useful obstetric remedy for induction or acceleration of labour, as well as for expelling retained placentas in pregnant women. In the present study, therefore, we investigated the effect of H. procumbens secondary root aqueous extract (HPE) on longitudinal, tubular uterine horn muscle strips taken from non-pregnant and pregnant, young adult, female rats. HPE (10-800 μg/ml) induced concentration-related and significant (P

  • Anticonvulsant activity of Harpagophytum procumbens DC [Pedaliaceae] secondary root aqueous extract in mice.
    Brain Research Bulletin, 2006
    Co-Authors: Ismail M. Mahomed, John Akanni O. Ojewole
    Abstract:

    Abstract Harpagophytum procumbens DC [family: Pedaliaceae] is widely used in South African traditional medicine for the treatment, management and/or control of a variety of human ailments. In the present study, we have examined the anticonvulsant activity of Harpagophytum procumbens secondary root aqueous extract (HPE, 50–800 mg/kg i.p.) against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-, picrotoxin (PCT)- and bicuculline (BCL)-induced seizures in mice. Phenobarbitone and diazepam were used as reference anticonvulsant drugs for comparison. Like the reference anticonvulsant agents used, H. procumbens secondary root aqueous extract (HPE, 100–800 mg/kg i.p.) significantly (P

Dorothea Bedigian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • phylogeny of Pedaliaceae and martyniaceae and the placement of trapella in plantaginaceae s l
    Systematic Botany, 2015
    Co-Authors: Isobel Claire Gormley, Dorothea Bedigian, Richard G Olmstead
    Abstract:

    Abstract— Pedaliaceae and Martyniaceae are Old World and New World families occurring primarily in arid environments with some taxa exhibiting similar adaptations to dispersal by large animals. Their taxonomic histories have also been intertwined, since they have often been combined as one family (e.g. Pedaliaceae). The temperate Asian aquatic plant Trapella was also assigned to Pedaliaceae, based on fruits with similar dispersal traits. With expanded sampling of both families, including Trapella, and data from ndhF, trnLF, and ETS sequences, this study confirms that the two families are distinct lineages, identifies a new placement for Trapella in tribe Gratioleae (Plantaginaceae s. 1), and shows that the two families exhibit a combination of shared floral morphology due to their proximity in Lamiales, and convergent functional morphology for dispersal. The phylogeny indicates the three tribes of Pedaliaceae are monophyletic, but that Sesamum is not.

  • Systematics and evolution in Sesamum L. (Pedaliaceae), part 1: Evidence regarding the origin of sesame and its closest relatives
    Webbia, 2015
    Co-Authors: Dorothea Bedigian
    Abstract:

    Recent molecular studies demonstrate that Sesamum sect. Sesamum, defining the largest genus of Pedaliaceae, holds two subspecies: the oilseed crop Sesamum indicum, and the crop’s progenitor Sesamum indicum subsp. malabaricum, and fail to support the idea that cultivated sesame originated from the African Sesamum latifolium. Therefore, in this updated classification, Sesamum sect. Sesamum is re-circumscribed to contain the Asian progenitor species of sesame. As a result, these data do not support the current infrageneric classification system; instead, these molecular results offer alternative implications with regard to the evolution of the genus and provide a basis for developing an updated taxonomy that is consistent with underlying phylogenetic relationships. Each clade is recognized as a section, thereby retaining valuable information on evolutionary relationships while minimizing nomenclatural changes. These analyses also reveal that section Sesamum is sister to Sesamum sect. Chamaesesamum. That sect...

  • A New Combination for the Indian Progenitor of Sesame, Sesamum indicum (Pedaliaceae)
    Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature, 2014
    Co-Authors: Dorothea Bedigian
    Abstract:

    The new combination Sesamum indicum L. subsp. malabaricum (Burm.) Bedigian (Pedaliaceae) is provided for the progenitor of sesame. Both lectotype and epitype for S. malabaricum Burm., the basionym of the new combination, are designated herein. A plate (van Rheede tot Draakestein, 1689: tab. 55) mentioned in the original protologue (Burman, 1769) is designated here as the lectotype for S. indicum L. subsp. malabaricum (Burm.) Bedigian. Previously published evidence about the relationship of S. indicum and S. malabaricum summarized here and shared morphological traits described here provide a foundation for the recognition of this taxon at the changed rank of subspecies.

  • Ecogeography and taxonomy of Rogeria J. Gay ex Delile (Pedaliaceae)
    Webbia, 2013
    Co-Authors: Dorothea Bedigian
    Abstract:

    Presented here are an extensive revision of Rogeria J. Gay ex Delile, a key to its three accepted species, a description of a new species, Rogeria armeniaca Bedigian from the Kunene region of Namibia and Angola, and a description of a new subspecies, Rogeria adenophylla subsp. rosea Bedigian, in Namibia and Angola. Specimens of the new species and subspecies were until now included in the polymorphic Rogeria adenophylla J. Gay ex Delile. Morphology and preliminary molecular study of the genus Rogeria supports the recognition of the new taxa. Rogeria armeniaca is identifed by its distinctive apricot-coloured flowers, and glossy, elongate, deeply lobed leaves with sharply pointed, acute apices. Subsp. rosea is distinguished by its bright rose-pink corolla with a golden yellow interior, and broadly deltoid or lobed, pubescent leaves with truncate apices. Morphological traits allowing Rogeria to survive in hot, arid environments include mucilage-bearing glandular trichomes and persistent woody capsules that d...

  • Evolution of sesame revisited: domestication, diversity and prospects
    Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2003
    Co-Authors: Dorothea Bedigian
    Abstract:

    This is an account of genetic, phytochemical, historical and cultural studies of sesame, Sesamum orientale L. and its wild relatives. The Pedaliaceae family, to which sesame belongs, is found chiefly in tropical Africa, with two unique sections of the genus Sesamum exclusive to India.

Hugh D. Wilson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Paul Kuria - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus an emerging monopartite dicot infecting mastrevirus
    Viruses, 2018
    Co-Authors: Surapathrudu Kanakala, Paul Kuria
    Abstract:

    Chickpea stunt disease (CSD), caused by Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV) is a threat to chickpea production leading to yield losses of 75–95%. Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus is a monopartite, single-stranded circular DNA virus in the genus Mastrevirus and family Geminiviridae. It is transmitted by Orosius albicinctus in a circulative (persistent) and nonpropagative manner. Symptoms of CSD include very small leaves, intense discoloration (yellowing (kabuli type) and reddening (desi type)), and bushy stunted appearance of the plant. Presently, CpCDVs occurs in Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Middle East, causing extensive losses on economically important crops in in the families Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Amaranthaceae, Brassicaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Caricaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Leguminosae, Malvaceae, Pedaliaceae, and Solanaceae. High frequency of recombinations has played a significant role in the wide host range, diversification, and rapid evolution of CpCDVs. This review highlights the extensive research on the CpCDV genome diversity, host range, plant–virus–insect interactions, and RNA interference-based resistance of CpCDV, providing new insights into the host adaptation and virus evolution.