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John B Davis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • change and continuity in economic methodology and Philosophy of Economics
    Revue de philosophie economique Review of Economic Philosophy, 2021
    Co-Authors: John B Davis
    Abstract:

    This paper provides my reflections on the state of economic methodology and Philosophy of Economics as of the beginning of 2020 following the end of a fifteen year co-editorship of the Journal of Economic Methodology with Wade Hands. It looks at how economic methodology and Philosophy of Economics, as a meta-field type of research, has changed since it emerged as a distinct subfield in Economics in the 1980s. Using an evolution of technology analysis, it distinguishes two different possible scenarios for the field’s future according to environmental factors operating upon it and how specialization in research may affect both it and Economics, and then makes a crossdisciplinarity argument for its further development as a diverse, pluralistic domain of research.JEL Codes : B41, B20.

  • introduction economic methodology and Philosophy of Economics twenty years since the millennium
    Journal of Economic Methodology, 2021
    Co-Authors: John B Davis, Wade D Hands
    Abstract:

    The papers in this special symposium issue of the Journal of Economic Methodology advance a variety of perspectives on the current state and possible future development of economic methodology and ...

  • change and continuity in economic methodology and Philosophy of Economics
    Social Science Research Network, 2020
    Co-Authors: John B Davis
    Abstract:

    This paper provides my reflections on the state of economic methodology and Philosophy of Economics as of the beginning of 2020 following the end a fifteen year co-editorship of the Journal of Economic Methodology with Wade Hands. It looks at how economic methodology and Philosophy of Economics, as a meta-field type of research, has changed since it emerged as a distinct subfield in Economics in the 1980s. Using an evolution of technology analysis, it distinguishes two different possible scenarios for the field’s future according to environmental factors operating upon it and how specialization in research may affect both it and Economics, and then makes a crossdisciplinarity argument for its further development as a diverse, pluralistic domain of research.

  • where Economics and Philosophy meet review of the elgar companion to Economics and Philosophy with responses from the authors
    Social Science Research Network, 2006
    Co-Authors: Peter J Boettke, John B Davis, Christopher J Coyne, Francesco Guala, Alain Marciano, Jochen Runde, Margaret Schabas
    Abstract:

    Although Adam Smith’s 1776 Wealth of Nations is often cited as marking the birth of Economics, it was really not until after the second world war that Economics became the distinctive, more or less unified, and largely separate discipline summarised in the textbooks of today. Even a mere fifty years ago, it was possible for the intelligent reader to move with relative ease between Economics on the one hand and political economy, sociology and social theory, psychology and Philosophy on the other. This is now no longer the case, and most young economists are taught to think of their discipline, not primarily in terms of the particular economic social phenomena it was once taken to be about, but as a sophisticated and largely self-contained analytical approach to the investigation of social phenomena of any kind. Even so, Economics has never been able to separate itself entirely from its sister disciplines, even at the high tide of mathematical Economics and positivism during the 1970s and 1980s, and many of the most active new areas in Economics currently involve some form of boundary crossing (e.g. experimental Economics, neuroEconomics and computational Economics to name just three). With respect to the Philosophy of Economics in particular, the last fifty years or so have seen a steady expansion in scholarly investigation into different connections between Economics and Philosophy, with the emergence of new journals, professional associations, research networks and the like. There has been a great deal of work on epistemological questions in the wake of the decline of positivism, on boundary issues and the question of whether or not Economics constitutes a science, and on the rhetoric of Economics, ethics, value and, latterly, the ontology of Economics (Hands, 2001). It is against this background that, in 2004, three of us published the Elgar Companion to Economics and Philosophy (Davis, Marciano and Runde, 2004, henceforth the Companion), an edited collection aimed at documenting the current state of play in three important areas of the Philosophy of Economics:

Sari, Tryas Titi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • PARADIGMA FILSAFAT EKONOMI SYARIAH SEBAGAI SUATU SOLUSI KEHIDUPAN MANUSIA
    'Institut Agama Islam Negeri Parepare', 2018
    Co-Authors: Ghozali Mohammad, Sari, Tryas Titi
    Abstract:

    The Philosophy of Economics Sharia or Islamic real Economics have appeared since the existence of the religion of Islam, i.e. Since the days of the Prophet. His goal was to bring humans to the world and the hereafter fallah and putting human beings as the Caliph was given a treasure by God to take advantage of what is on Earth with his best. A Socialist or a capitalist system is not able to answer the problem humans with leaves many problems of life, with evidence that the system is not able to give welfare to humanity as a whole even just for some particular people only. This factor becomes one evidence that economy more Islamic have the right concept and can provide overall well-being to mankind. It can be seen from the deployment of Islamic economic system since the days of the Prophet, which has provided a good impact to the society that existed at the time. And when the system is taken down to the next generation, in fact it can be applied with good and provide solutions for existing problems. Thus Islamic economic Philosophy is holding an important role in the development of the economy of humans for the sake of reaching fallah is expected.    Abstrak:  Filsafat ekonomi Syariah atau ilmu ekonomi Islam sesungguhnya  telah muncul sejak adanya agama Islam, yaitu sejak zaman Rasulullah SAW. Tujuannya untuk membawa manusia kepada kebahagian di dunia dan akhirat dan mengangkat manusia sebagai khalifah yang diberi titipan oleh Allah untuk memanfaatkan apa yang ada di bumi dengan sebaik-baiknya. Sistem kapitalis maupun sosialis  tidak mampu menjawab permasalahan manusia karena menyisakan banyak problem kehidupan. Hal itu terbukti bahwa sistem ini tidak mampu memberikan kesejahteraan kepada manusia secara menyeluruh, tetapi hanya untuk kalangan tertentu saja. Faktor ini menjadi salah satu bukti bahwa ekonomi Islam lebih memiliki konsep yang tepat dan dapat memberikan kesejahteraan secara menyeluruh kepada manusia. Hal itu dapat dilihat dari operasionalisasi sistem ekonomi Islam sejak zaman Rasulullah SAW, yang telah memberikan dampak yang baik bagi masyarakat yang ada pada zaman tersebut. Pada perkembangan berikutnya, ketika sistem itu diturunkan ke generasi selanjutnya, terbukti dapat diaplikaskan dengan baik dan memberikan solusi bagi permasalahan yang ada. Maka dari itu filsafat ekonomi Islam memegang peranan penting dalam pembangunan perekonomian manusia untuk meraih cita-cita kebahagiaan

Daniel M Hausman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Philosophy of Economics past and future
    Journal of Economic Methodology, 2021
    Co-Authors: Daniel M Hausman
    Abstract:

    This essay offers a history of the development of Philosophy of Economics from the 1830s until today, with a personal perspective on the developments of the last four decades. It argues that change...

  • the Philosophy of Economics
    Cambridge Books, 2008
    Co-Authors: Daniel M Hausman
    Abstract:

    An anthology of works on the Philosophy of Economics, including classic texts and essays exploring specific branches and schools of Economics. Completely revamped, this edition contains new selections, a revised introduction and a bibliography. The volume contains 26 chapters organized into five parts: (I) Classic Discussions, (II) Positivist and Popperian Views, (III) Ideology and Normative Economics, (IV) Branches and Schools of Economics and Their Methodological Problems and (V) New Directions in Economic Methodology. It includes crucial historical contributions by figures such as Mill, Marx, Weber, Robbins, Knight, and Veblen and works by most of the leading contemporary figures writing on economic methodology, including five Nobel Laureates in Economics.

  • the Philosophy of Economics positivist and popperian views
    2007
    Co-Authors: Daniel M Hausman
    Abstract:

    The development of logical positivism and of Karl Popper's views (see the introduction to this volume) had a significant impact on the methodology of Economics. Economists such as Terence Hutchison and Paul Samuelson noted that much of economic theory appeared not to satisfy logical positivist or Popperian standards of theory assessment, and the 1930s and 1940s saw naive tests of fundamental principles of the theory of the firm, which appeared to refute them. This serious challenge was met mainly by Milton Friedman, whose essay reprinted here is the most influential methodological tract of modern times. It has been subjected to a barrage of criticism, of which Herbert Simon's and my own brief comments are only a tiny sample. Although Imre Lakatos's work on Philosophy of science dates from much later and shows the influence of Thomas Kuhn's views, Lakatos's views on theory assessment are closely related to Popper's, and both were influential among economic methodologists in the 1970s and 1980s. The last essay in this part by D. Wade Hands compactly summarizes the issues that arise in applying Karl Popper's and Imre Lakatos's views to Economics.

  • the Philosophy of Economics why look under the hood
    2007
    Co-Authors: Daniel M Hausman
    Abstract:

    Daniel M. Hausman (1947–) is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He received his Ph.D. from Columbia University, and he writes mainly on issues of economic methodology and the theory of causality. Methodologists have had few kind words for Milton Friedman's “The Methodology of Positive Economics” [1953, Chapter 7 in this volume], yet its influence persists. Why? One answer is that methodologists have missed an important argument, which economists have found persuasive. Unlike Hirsch and de Marchi (1990), I am concerned here with the argument, not with “what Friedman really meant.” Friedman declares, “The ultimate goal of a positive science is the development of a ‘theory’ or ‘hypothesis’ that yields valid and meaningful (i.e., not truistic) predictions about phenomena not yet observed” (p. 7). This is the central thesis of instrumentalism. But from a standard instrumentalist perspective, in which all the observable consequences of a theory are significant, it is impossible to defend Friedman's central claim that the realism of assumptions is irrelevant to the assessment of a scientific theory. For the assumptions of Economics are testable, and a standard instrumentalist would not dismiss apparent disconfirmations. Indeed, the distinction between assumptions and implications is superficial. The survey results reported by Richard Lester and others, which Friedman finds irrelevant and wrong-headed (pp. 15, 31f), are as much predictions of neoclassical theory as are claims about market phenomena. But, like Lawrence Boland (1979), I contend that Friedman is not a standard instrumentalist. Consider the following passages: Viewed as a body of substantive hypotheses, theory is to be judged by its predictive power for the class of phenomena which it is intended to “explain.” (pp. 8–9)

  • Economics Philosophy of
    International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), 2001
    Co-Authors: Daniel M Hausman
    Abstract:

    Economics is of philosophical interest for three reasons. First, its methodological peculiarities: its extreme simplifications, its inexactness, its reliance on a deductive method, and the importance of causal claims concerning mechanisms, tendencies and capacities. Second, Economics depends on a theory of rationality and has implications for the understanding of preference, utility, and self-interest. Finally, Economics is relevant to ethical questions, particularly concerning efficiency and welfare. Philosophical reflection is of interest to economists because it can help to clarify methodological problems, improve the theory of rationality, and unscramble, expand, and sharpen the ethical implications. Although the Philosophy of Economics addresses many topics, a great deal of it has focused on the specific model of rationality and choice that is embedded in mainstream microEconomics. But the failure of economists to anticipate the financial crisis of 2008 and to provide unambiguous advice about how to restore prosperity has increased interest in the methodology of macroEconomics.

Sari T. T. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Paradigma Filsafat Ekonomi Syariah sebagai suatu Solusi Kehidupan Manusia
    'Institut Agama Islam Negeri Parepare', 2018
    Co-Authors: Ghozali M., Sari T. T.
    Abstract:

    The Philosophy of Economics Sharia or Islamic real Economics have appeared since the existence of the religion of Islam, i.e. Since the days of the Prophet. His goal was to bring humans to the world and the hereafter fallah and putting human beings as the Caliph was given a treasure by God to take advantage of what is on Earth with his best. A Socialist or a capitalist system is not able to answer the problem humans with leaves many problems of life, with evidence that the system is not able to give welfare to humanity as a whole even just for some particular people only. This factor becomes one evidence that economy more Islamic have the right concept and can provide overall well-being to mankind. It can be seen from the deployment of Islamic economic system since the days of the Prophet, which has provided a good impact to the society that existed at the time. And when the system is taken down to the next generation, in fact it can be applied with good and provide solutions for existing problems. Thus Islamic economic Philosophy is holding an important role in the development of the economy of humans for the sake of reaching fallah is expected

Ghozali Mohammad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • PARADIGMA FILSAFAT EKONOMI SYARIAH SEBAGAI SUATU SOLUSI KEHIDUPAN MANUSIA
    'Institut Agama Islam Negeri Parepare', 2018
    Co-Authors: Ghozali Mohammad, Sari, Tryas Titi
    Abstract:

    The Philosophy of Economics Sharia or Islamic real Economics have appeared since the existence of the religion of Islam, i.e. Since the days of the Prophet. His goal was to bring humans to the world and the hereafter fallah and putting human beings as the Caliph was given a treasure by God to take advantage of what is on Earth with his best. A Socialist or a capitalist system is not able to answer the problem humans with leaves many problems of life, with evidence that the system is not able to give welfare to humanity as a whole even just for some particular people only. This factor becomes one evidence that economy more Islamic have the right concept and can provide overall well-being to mankind. It can be seen from the deployment of Islamic economic system since the days of the Prophet, which has provided a good impact to the society that existed at the time. And when the system is taken down to the next generation, in fact it can be applied with good and provide solutions for existing problems. Thus Islamic economic Philosophy is holding an important role in the development of the economy of humans for the sake of reaching fallah is expected.    Abstrak:  Filsafat ekonomi Syariah atau ilmu ekonomi Islam sesungguhnya  telah muncul sejak adanya agama Islam, yaitu sejak zaman Rasulullah SAW. Tujuannya untuk membawa manusia kepada kebahagian di dunia dan akhirat dan mengangkat manusia sebagai khalifah yang diberi titipan oleh Allah untuk memanfaatkan apa yang ada di bumi dengan sebaik-baiknya. Sistem kapitalis maupun sosialis  tidak mampu menjawab permasalahan manusia karena menyisakan banyak problem kehidupan. Hal itu terbukti bahwa sistem ini tidak mampu memberikan kesejahteraan kepada manusia secara menyeluruh, tetapi hanya untuk kalangan tertentu saja. Faktor ini menjadi salah satu bukti bahwa ekonomi Islam lebih memiliki konsep yang tepat dan dapat memberikan kesejahteraan secara menyeluruh kepada manusia. Hal itu dapat dilihat dari operasionalisasi sistem ekonomi Islam sejak zaman Rasulullah SAW, yang telah memberikan dampak yang baik bagi masyarakat yang ada pada zaman tersebut. Pada perkembangan berikutnya, ketika sistem itu diturunkan ke generasi selanjutnya, terbukti dapat diaplikaskan dengan baik dan memberikan solusi bagi permasalahan yang ada. Maka dari itu filsafat ekonomi Islam memegang peranan penting dalam pembangunan perekonomian manusia untuk meraih cita-cita kebahagiaan