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Viren Swami - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the influence of facial piercings and observer personality on perceptions of Physical Attractiveness and intelligence
    European Psychologist, 2012
    Co-Authors: Viren Swami, Adrian Furnham, Stefan Stieger, Jakob Pietschnig, Martin Voracek, Martin J. Tovée
    Abstract:

    The primary aim of the present study was to examine the influence of facial piercings on observer ratings of Physical Attractiveness and intelligence. A total of 440 women and men rated a set of stimuli that depicted a female and a male model, respectively, with varying numbers of facial piercings. Participants also completed measures of the Big Five personality factors and sensation seeking, and provided information of their own piercings. Results indicated that, controlling for participants' own piercings, stimuli with piercings were rated as less Physically attractive and intelligent than those without piercings, with multiple piercings being accorded the most negative ratings. In addition, men with piercings were rated more negatively than women with piercings. Further results showed that participants' openness to experience and sensation seeking were associated with more positive ratings of pierced individuals, and that greater number of participant piercings were correlated with the Big Five personality factors of Emotional Stability, Extraversion, and Conscientiousness, and sensation seeking. These results are discussed in relation to the extant literature on body modifications.

  • an assessment of positive illusions of the Physical Attractiveness of romantic partners
    Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 2011
    Co-Authors: Dick P H Barelds, Pieternel Dijkstra, Namkje Koudenburg, Viren Swami
    Abstract:

    Positive illusions about a partner’s Physical Attractiveness occur when individuals’ ratings of their partner’s Attractiveness are more positive than more objective ratings. Ratings that may serve as a’’reality benchmark’ include ratings by the partner him/herself and observer ratings. The present study compared the effects of using different reality benchmarks on the strength of positive partner Physical Attractiveness illusions (n = 70 couples). Results showed that individuals positively biased both their own and their partner’s Physical Attractiveness. As a consequence, using a partner’s self-ratings as a reality benchmark results in an underestimation of positive illusions. Presenting participants with photographs had a small effect on Physical Attractiveness ratings provided by women, showing that photographs, to some extent, might constrain positive illusions.

  • perceptions and meta perceptions of self and partner Physical Attractiveness
    Personality and Individual Differences, 2010
    Co-Authors: Lauren Waters, Viren Swami, Adrian Furnham
    Abstract:

    This study examined self- and partner-ratings of Physical Attractiveness, as well as meta-perceptions of Attractiveness (what participants believed their partners thought about themselves and about the respondents). A total of 362 individuals provided self- and partner-ratings and completed measures of love styles, sociosexuality, self-esteem, and relationship-related variables. Results showed that participants rated their participants as more attractive than themselves, but also believed their partners held similarly biased perceptions. Further analyses showed that these ratings were significantly associated with individual difference variables, particularly romantic love and relationship satisfaction. These results are discussed in relation to previous work on the ‘love-is-blind’ bias.

  • the influence of leg to body ratio lbr on judgments of female Physical Attractiveness assessments of computer generated images varying in lbr
    Body Image, 2010
    Co-Authors: David A Frederick, Adrian Furnham, Viren Swami, Maria Hadjimichael
    Abstract:

    The leg-to-body ratio (LBR), which is reliably associated with developmental stability and health outcomes, is an understudied component of human Physical Attractiveness. Several studies examining the effects of LBR on aesthetic judgments have been limited by the reliance on stimuli composed of hand-drawn silhouettes. In the present study, we developed a new set of female computer-generated images portraying eight levels of LBR that fell within the typical range of human variation. A community sample of 207 Britons in London and students from two samples drawn from a US university (Ns = 940, 114) rated the Physical Attractiveness of the images. We found that mid-ranging female LBRs were perceived as maximally attractive. The present research overcomes some of the problems associated with past work on LBR and aesthetic preferences through use of computer-generated images rather than hand-drawn images and provides an instrument that may be useful in future investigations of LBR preferences.

  • the influence of feminist ascription on judgements of women s Physical Attractiveness
    Body Image, 2008
    Co-Authors: Viren Swami, Adrian Furnham, Natalie Salem, Martin J. Tovée
    Abstract:

    The present study examined the effect of feminist ascription on perceptions of the Physical Attractiveness of women ranging in body mass index (BMI). One-hundred and twenty-nine women who self-identified as feminists and 132 who self-identified as non-feminists rated a series of 10 images of women that varied in BMI from emaciated to obese. Results showed no significant differences between feminist and non-feminists in the figure they considered to be maximally attractive. However, feminists were more likely to positively perceive a wider range of body sizes than non-feminists. These results are discussed in relation to possible protective factors against the internalisation of the thin ideal and body objectification.

Martin J. Tovée - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the influence of facial piercings and observer personality on perceptions of Physical Attractiveness and intelligence
    European Psychologist, 2012
    Co-Authors: Viren Swami, Adrian Furnham, Stefan Stieger, Jakob Pietschnig, Martin Voracek, Martin J. Tovée
    Abstract:

    The primary aim of the present study was to examine the influence of facial piercings on observer ratings of Physical Attractiveness and intelligence. A total of 440 women and men rated a set of stimuli that depicted a female and a male model, respectively, with varying numbers of facial piercings. Participants also completed measures of the Big Five personality factors and sensation seeking, and provided information of their own piercings. Results indicated that, controlling for participants' own piercings, stimuli with piercings were rated as less Physically attractive and intelligent than those without piercings, with multiple piercings being accorded the most negative ratings. In addition, men with piercings were rated more negatively than women with piercings. Further results showed that participants' openness to experience and sensation seeking were associated with more positive ratings of pierced individuals, and that greater number of participant piercings were correlated with the Big Five personality factors of Emotional Stability, Extraversion, and Conscientiousness, and sensation seeking. These results are discussed in relation to the extant literature on body modifications.

  • the influence of feminist ascription on judgements of women s Physical Attractiveness
    Body Image, 2008
    Co-Authors: Viren Swami, Adrian Furnham, Natalie Salem, Martin J. Tovée
    Abstract:

    The present study examined the effect of feminist ascription on perceptions of the Physical Attractiveness of women ranging in body mass index (BMI). One-hundred and twenty-nine women who self-identified as feminists and 132 who self-identified as non-feminists rated a series of 10 images of women that varied in BMI from emaciated to obese. Results showed no significant differences between feminist and non-feminists in the figure they considered to be maximally attractive. However, feminists were more likely to positively perceive a wider range of body sizes than non-feminists. These results are discussed in relation to possible protective factors against the internalisation of the thin ideal and body objectification.

  • the muscular male a comparison of the Physical Attractiveness preferences of gay and heterosexual men
    International Journal of Men's Health, 2008
    Co-Authors: Viren Swami, Martin J. Tovée
    Abstract:

    This study examined the association between sexual orientation and the perception of men's Physical Attractiveness. Twenty-seven heterosexual men and 23 gay men were asked to rate, according to Physical Attractiveness, a series of images of real men with known body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-chest ratio (WCR). The results showed that the WCR was the primary component of Attractiveness ratings for both heterosexual and gay men. However, gay men showed a stronger preference for lower WCRs, indicating a preference for a more developed upper-body build. There were small differences in terms of preference for overall body weight, with both groups preferring an image with a BMI of about 21kg/m2. The findings are discussed in terms of gay culture, which emphasises the importance of muscularity in Physical attraction.

  • the relative contribution of profile body shape and weight to judgements of women s Physical Attractiveness in britain and malaysia
    Body Image, 2007
    Co-Authors: Viren Swami, Martin J. Tovée
    Abstract:

    Ninety-six Malaysian and British men rated for Physical Attractiveness a set of photographs of real women in profile, with known body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Results showed that BMI accounted for the greater amount of variance in all settings. There were also significant differences in preferences for body weight, with low resource, low socioeconomic status (SES) raters preferring a significantly heavier partner than high resource, high SES raters. The disparity with previous findings using line drawings of women in profile was discussed in terms of the weaknesses of line-drawn stimuli.

  • male Physical Attractiveness in britain and greece a cross cultural study
    Journal of Social Psychology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Viren Swami, Martin J. Tovée, Chrissa Georgiades, Jan Smith, Athena Tsiokris, Yolanda Sangareau, Adrian Furnham
    Abstract:

    The waist-to-chest ratio (WCR), body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) are the major cues to women's ratings of men's bodily Attractiveness (J. T. Fan, W. Dai, F. Liu, & J. Wu, 2005; D. M. Maisey, E. L. E. Vale, P. L. Cornelissen, & M. J. Tovee, 1999; V. Swami & M. J. Tovee, 2005b). The authors examined the relative importance of each of these cues cross-culturally in Greece and Britain. Participants were 36 British and 40 Greek women who rated a set of images of real men with known WCR, BMI, and WHR. The results showed that, regardless of the cultural setting, WCR was the primary determinant of men's Physical Attractiveness to women, with BMI playing a minor role. However, there were also cross-cultural differences: The Greek women showed a stronger preference for a lower WCR and smaller overall body weight than did the British women. The authors considered possible explanations of these findings.

Adrian Furnham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • hand grip strength and self perceptions of Physical Attractiveness and psychological well being
    Evolutionary Psychological Science, 2016
    Co-Authors: Michael Sneade, Adrian Furnham
    Abstract:

    This study investigated the link between handgrip strength and self-rated Physical Attractiveness, sexual history, and social characteristics in 145 male university students. Handgrip strength correlated with both height and weight, as well as self-perceived happiness, health, social confidence overall Physical Attractiveness, and overall number of sexual partners. It also correlated with self-assessed Physical fitness levels and there was a predictable link between handgrip strength and age of first sexual intercourse. It is argued that handgrip strength is an indicator of both genetic quality and developmental health. Limitations of the study are acknowledged.

  • the influence of facial piercings and observer personality on perceptions of Physical Attractiveness and intelligence
    European Psychologist, 2012
    Co-Authors: Viren Swami, Adrian Furnham, Stefan Stieger, Jakob Pietschnig, Martin Voracek, Martin J. Tovée
    Abstract:

    The primary aim of the present study was to examine the influence of facial piercings on observer ratings of Physical Attractiveness and intelligence. A total of 440 women and men rated a set of stimuli that depicted a female and a male model, respectively, with varying numbers of facial piercings. Participants also completed measures of the Big Five personality factors and sensation seeking, and provided information of their own piercings. Results indicated that, controlling for participants' own piercings, stimuli with piercings were rated as less Physically attractive and intelligent than those without piercings, with multiple piercings being accorded the most negative ratings. In addition, men with piercings were rated more negatively than women with piercings. Further results showed that participants' openness to experience and sensation seeking were associated with more positive ratings of pierced individuals, and that greater number of participant piercings were correlated with the Big Five personality factors of Emotional Stability, Extraversion, and Conscientiousness, and sensation seeking. These results are discussed in relation to the extant literature on body modifications.

  • perceptions and meta perceptions of self and partner Physical Attractiveness
    Personality and Individual Differences, 2010
    Co-Authors: Lauren Waters, Viren Swami, Adrian Furnham
    Abstract:

    This study examined self- and partner-ratings of Physical Attractiveness, as well as meta-perceptions of Attractiveness (what participants believed their partners thought about themselves and about the respondents). A total of 362 individuals provided self- and partner-ratings and completed measures of love styles, sociosexuality, self-esteem, and relationship-related variables. Results showed that participants rated their participants as more attractive than themselves, but also believed their partners held similarly biased perceptions. Further analyses showed that these ratings were significantly associated with individual difference variables, particularly romantic love and relationship satisfaction. These results are discussed in relation to previous work on the ‘love-is-blind’ bias.

  • the influence of leg to body ratio lbr on judgments of female Physical Attractiveness assessments of computer generated images varying in lbr
    Body Image, 2010
    Co-Authors: David A Frederick, Adrian Furnham, Viren Swami, Maria Hadjimichael
    Abstract:

    The leg-to-body ratio (LBR), which is reliably associated with developmental stability and health outcomes, is an understudied component of human Physical Attractiveness. Several studies examining the effects of LBR on aesthetic judgments have been limited by the reliance on stimuli composed of hand-drawn silhouettes. In the present study, we developed a new set of female computer-generated images portraying eight levels of LBR that fell within the typical range of human variation. A community sample of 207 Britons in London and students from two samples drawn from a US university (Ns = 940, 114) rated the Physical Attractiveness of the images. We found that mid-ranging female LBRs were perceived as maximally attractive. The present research overcomes some of the problems associated with past work on LBR and aesthetic preferences through use of computer-generated images rather than hand-drawn images and provides an instrument that may be useful in future investigations of LBR preferences.

  • the influence of feminist ascription on judgements of women s Physical Attractiveness
    Body Image, 2008
    Co-Authors: Viren Swami, Adrian Furnham, Natalie Salem, Martin J. Tovée
    Abstract:

    The present study examined the effect of feminist ascription on perceptions of the Physical Attractiveness of women ranging in body mass index (BMI). One-hundred and twenty-nine women who self-identified as feminists and 132 who self-identified as non-feminists rated a series of 10 images of women that varied in BMI from emaciated to obese. Results showed no significant differences between feminist and non-feminists in the figure they considered to be maximally attractive. However, feminists were more likely to positively perceive a wider range of body sizes than non-feminists. These results are discussed in relation to possible protective factors against the internalisation of the thin ideal and body objectification.

Anthony C Little - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • interactions among the effects of head orientation emotional expression and Physical Attractiveness on face preferences
    Perception, 2010
    Co-Authors: Julie C Main, Lisa M Debruine, Anthony C Little, Benedict C Jones
    Abstract:

    Previous studies have shown that preferences for direct versus averted gaze are modulated by emotional expressions and Physical Attractiveness. For example, preferences for direct gaze are stronger when judging happy or Physically attractive faces than when judging disgusted or Physically unattractive faces. Here we show that preferences for front versus three-quarter views of faces, in which gaze direction was always congruent with head orientation, are also modulated by emotional expressions and Physical Attractiveness; participants demonstrated preferences for front views of faces over three-quarter views of faces when judging the Attractiveness of happy, Physically attractive individuals, but not when judging the Attractiveness of relatively unattractive individuals or those with disgusted expressions. Moreover, further analyses indicated that these interactions did not simply reflect differential perceptions of the intensity of the emotional expressions shown in each condition. Collectively, these findings present novel evidence that the effect of the direction of the attention of others on Attractiveness judgments is modulated by cues to the Physical Attractiveness and emotional state of the depicted individual, potentially reflecting psychological adaptations for efficient allocation of social effort. These data also present the first behavioural evidence that the effect of the direction of the attention of others on Attractiveness judgments reflects viewer-referenced, rather than face-referenced, coding and/or processing of gaze direction.

  • the relative importance of the face and body in judgments of human Physical Attractiveness
    Evolution and Human Behavior, 2009
    Co-Authors: Anthony C Little, Thomas E Currie
    Abstract:

    Abstract A number of traits have been proposed to be important in human mate choice decisions. However, relatively little work has been conducted to determine the relative importance of these traits. In this study, we assessed the relative importance of the face and body in judgments of human Physical Attractiveness. One hundred twenty-seven men and 133 women were shown images of 10 individuals of the opposite sex. Participants rated the images for their Attractiveness for either a short-term relationship or a long-term relationship. Images of the face and the body were rated independently before participants were shown and asked to rate the combined face and body images. Face ratings were found to be the best predictor of the ratings of combined images for both sexes and for both relationship types. Females showed no difference in ratings between short- and long-term conditions, but male ratings of female bodies became relatively more important for a short-term relationship compared with a long-term relationship. Results suggest that faces and bodies may be signaling different information about potential mates.

  • the relative importance of the face and body in judgments of human Physical Attractiveness
    pp. 409-416. (2009), 2009
    Co-Authors: Thomas E Currie, Anthony C Little
    Abstract:

    A number of traits have been proposed to be important in human mate choice decisions. However, relatively little work has been conducted to determine the relative importance of these traits. In this study, we assessed the relative importance of the face and body in judgments of human Physical Attractiveness. One hundred twenty-seven men and 133 women were shown images of 10 individuals of the opposite sex. Participants rated the images for their Attractiveness for either a short-term relationship or a long-term relationship. Images of the face and the body were rated independently before participants were shown and asked to rate the combined face and body images. Face ratings were found to be the best predictor of the ratings of combined images for both sexes and for both relationship types. Females showed no difference in ratings between short- and long-term conditions, but male ratings of female bodies became relatively more important for a short-term relationship compared with a long-term relationship. Results suggest that faces and bodies may be signaling different information about potential mates. © 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Thomas E Currie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the relative importance of the face and body in judgments of human Physical Attractiveness
    Evolution and Human Behavior, 2009
    Co-Authors: Anthony C Little, Thomas E Currie
    Abstract:

    Abstract A number of traits have been proposed to be important in human mate choice decisions. However, relatively little work has been conducted to determine the relative importance of these traits. In this study, we assessed the relative importance of the face and body in judgments of human Physical Attractiveness. One hundred twenty-seven men and 133 women were shown images of 10 individuals of the opposite sex. Participants rated the images for their Attractiveness for either a short-term relationship or a long-term relationship. Images of the face and the body were rated independently before participants were shown and asked to rate the combined face and body images. Face ratings were found to be the best predictor of the ratings of combined images for both sexes and for both relationship types. Females showed no difference in ratings between short- and long-term conditions, but male ratings of female bodies became relatively more important for a short-term relationship compared with a long-term relationship. Results suggest that faces and bodies may be signaling different information about potential mates.

  • the relative importance of the face and body in judgments of human Physical Attractiveness
    pp. 409-416. (2009), 2009
    Co-Authors: Thomas E Currie, Anthony C Little
    Abstract:

    A number of traits have been proposed to be important in human mate choice decisions. However, relatively little work has been conducted to determine the relative importance of these traits. In this study, we assessed the relative importance of the face and body in judgments of human Physical Attractiveness. One hundred twenty-seven men and 133 women were shown images of 10 individuals of the opposite sex. Participants rated the images for their Attractiveness for either a short-term relationship or a long-term relationship. Images of the face and the body were rated independently before participants were shown and asked to rate the combined face and body images. Face ratings were found to be the best predictor of the ratings of combined images for both sexes and for both relationship types. Females showed no difference in ratings between short- and long-term conditions, but male ratings of female bodies became relatively more important for a short-term relationship compared with a long-term relationship. Results suggest that faces and bodies may be signaling different information about potential mates. © 2009 Published by Elsevier Inc.