Plecoptera

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David W Weisrock - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Sco Hotaling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Peter Zwick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • new species and new records of Plecoptera from korea and the russian far east
    2010
    Co-Authors: Peter Zwick
    Abstract:

    Plecoptera collected with Malaise traps in South Korea were studied. The material comprised 25 identified species, including seven new species, and six new records for Korea. The genus Despaxia (Leuctridae) is recorded from Asia for the first time. The following new species are named: Amphinemura denstigris, Nemoura rugosa, Nemoura tripotini, Despaxia asiatica, Paraleuctra malaisei, Megarcys teslenkonis, and Sweltsa zhiltzovae. Descriptions of several known species are supplemented. Nemoura sahlbergi problematica Zwick, 1973 is considered a nomen dubium. The total number of Plecoptera species known from Korea now equals 57. In addition, Nemoura lazoensis, a new species from the Russian Far East, Primorjski Territory, is described.

  • The Plecoptera – who are they? The problematic placement of stoneflies in the phylogenetic system of insects
    Aquatic Insects, 2009
    Co-Authors: Peter Zwick
    Abstract:

    There is no consensus about the relations of Plecoptera with other insects. Very different sistergroup relationships have been proposed in the literature, several of which are discussed. The phylogenetic analysis is hampered by the diversity among Plecoptera. In the literature, traits of particular subgroups of Plecoptera have sometimes been mistaken as typical of the entire order. A plea for revived interest in Plecopteran morphology is made in order to document the existing diversity and to establish the ground pattern of important structures for meaningful comparisons with other insects. A possible sistergroup relationship between Plecoptera and the remaining Neoptera, on the one hand, and a sistergroup relationship with the Polyneoptera on the other hand, seem most likely. Suggested close relationships of Plecoptera with Embioptera and Phasmatodea are refuted. Molecular data so far also failed to provide robust phylogenetic hypotheses for the placement of Plecoptera.

  • the Plecoptera who are they the problematic placement of stoneflies in the phylogenetic system of insects
    Aquatic Insects, 2009
    Co-Authors: Peter Zwick
    Abstract:

    There is no consensus about the relations of Plecoptera with other insects. Very different sistergroup relationships have been proposed in the literature, several of which are discussed. The phylogenetic analysis is hampered by the diversity among Plecoptera. In the literature, traits of particular subgroups of Plecoptera have sometimes been mistaken as typical of the entire order. A plea for revived interest in Plecopteran morphology is made in order to document the existing diversity and to establish the ground pattern of important structures for meaningful comparisons with other insects. A possible sistergroup relationship between Plecoptera and the remaining Neoptera, on the one hand, and a sistergroup relationship with the Polyneoptera on the other hand, seem most likely. Suggested close relationships of Plecoptera with Embioptera and Phasmatodea are refuted. Molecular data so far also failed to provide robust phylogenetic hypotheses for the placement of Plecoptera.

  • First record of Mermithidae (Nematoda) parasitic in Plecoptera
    2006
    Co-Authors: Carlalberto Ravizza, Peter Zwick
    Abstract:

    The first record of Nematoda Mermithidae in adults and larvae of two Protonemura species (Plecoptera Nemouridae) and of Isoperla rivulorum (Pictet) (Plecoptera Perlodidae) from North Italy and Bavaria (Germany) is presented. The malformed genitalia of several parasitical- ly castrated adults are described and illustrated. Riassunto - Primi reperti di Mermithidae (Nematoda) endoparassiti di Plecoptera. Viene segnalata per la prima volta la presenza di Mermithidae (Nematoda) nell'addome di adul- ti e di ninfe di due specie di Protonemura (Plecoptera Nemouridae) e di Isoperla rivulorum (Pictet) (Plecoptera Perlodidae), raccolte rispettivamente nell'Italia settentrionale ed in Baviera (Germa- nia). I genitali malformati di alcuni adulti, deformita causate da castrazione parassitaria, sono descritti

  • Phylogenetic system and zoogeography of the Plecoptera.
    Annual review of entomology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Peter Zwick
    Abstract:

    ▪ Abstract Information about the phylogenetic relationships of Plecoptera is summarized. The few characters supporting monophyly of the order are outlined. Several characters of possible significance for the search for the closest relatives of the stoneflies are discussed, but the sister-group of the order remains unknown. Numerous characters supporting the presently recognized phylogenetic system of Plecoptera are presented, alternative classifications are discussed, and suggestions for future studies are made. Notes on zoogeography are appended. The order as such is old (Permian fossils), but phylogenetic relationships and global distribution patterns suggest that evolution of the extant suborders started with the breakup of Pangaea. There is evidence of extensive recent speciation in all parts of the world.

Robert W. Lichtwardt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Romolo Fochetti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • New data on the presence of hemocyanin in Plecoptera: Recomposing a puzzle
    Journal of insect science (Online), 2011
    Co-Authors: Valentina Amore, Brunella Gaetani, Maria Angeles Puig, Romolo Fochetti
    Abstract:

    The specific role of hemocyanin in Plecoptera (stoneflies) is still not completely understood, since none of the hypotheses advanced have proven fully convincing. Previous data show that mRNA hemocyanin sequences are not present in all Plecoptera, and that hemocyanin does not seem to be uniformly distributed within the order. All species possess hexamerins, which are multifunction proteins that probably originated from hemocyanin. In order to obtain an increasingly detailed picture on the presence and distribution of hemocyanin across the order, this study presents new data regarding nymphs and adults of selected Plecoptera species. Results confirm that the hemocyanin expression differs among nymphs in the studied stonefly species. Even though previous studies have found hemocyanin in adults of two stonefly species it was not detected in the present study, even in species where nymphs show hemocyanin, suggesting that the physiological need of this protein can change during life cycle. The phylogenetic pattern obtained using hemocyanin sequences matches the accepted scheme of traditional phylogeny based on morphology, anatomy, and biology. It is remarkable to note that the hemocyanin conserved region acts like a phylogenetic molecular marker within Plecoptera.

  • Lack of hemocyanin in Oriental Plecoptera and multifunctionality of the protein in Larvae
    Oriental Insects, 2010
    Co-Authors: Valentina Amore, Brunella Gaetani, Romolo Fochetti
    Abstract:

    Abstract Thus far, data on the hemocyanin are available only for European Plecoptera, present study reports on this from the Oriental fauna. Six species of the family Perlidae and one species of Peltoperlidae from Thailand studied did not reveal mRNA hemocyanin sequences, confirming that not all Plecoptera species universally have mRNA hemocyanin sequences. All species show hexamerins similar to the ones previously found in European species of the same families. Results also suggest that the presence of hemocyanins, at least in quantitative terms, does not depend on the body size, life cycle or trophic role, as had been hypothesized in the past. Also, the specific role of this protein in Plecoptera is yet to be completely understood. The hemocyanin expression pattern obtained across the entire order could be explained also by hypothesizing its other functions besides respiratory.

  • Present knowledge on the presence of hemocyanin in stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera)
    Aquatic Insects, 2009
    Co-Authors: Valentina Amore, Romolo Fochetti
    Abstract:

    Hemocyanin is a respiratory protein that occurs in the main lineages of Arthropoda. In insects hemocyanin is presently known in many orders. Recently, a functional hemocyanin has also been found in the Plecoptera. Further studies have revealed that hemocyanin seems to be not uniformly distributed within this order. In this paper we report additional data, obtained with RT-PCR sequencing, on the presence of hemocyanin in different stonefly species. In addition, we summarise the present knowledge about the distribution of hemocyanin in the Plecoptera. Biological aspects such as larval size, life cycle length, trophic roles and environmental induction are discussed as possible factors that may be correlated with the presence or absence of hemocyanin in the studied species.

  • Notes on diversity and conservation of the European fauna of Plecoptera (Insecta)
    Journal of Natural History, 2006
    Co-Authors: Romolo Fochetti, José Manuel Tierno De Figueroa
    Abstract:

    Plecoptera are one the most endangered groups of insects in running waters. Due to their strict ecological needs and to the growing pollution of water courses, many species are in fact reduced to small isolated populations and many others have already become extinct. With the aim of compiling the taxonomic and faunistic lists of European Plecoptera (within the project Fauna Europaea, ref. EVR1‐CT‐1999‐2001), we catalogued a total of 426 species included in 35 genera and seven families and reviewed their present diversity and conservation status. Historical knowledge and geographical information on Plecoptera diversity in Europe are presented. Data on the conservation status of the European stonefly fauna are discussed as well. The whole Plecoptera fauna of lowland rivers in Europe can be considered threatened. The situation is particularly critical for several species, known from a small number of individuals and/or from restricted areas, and that of relict species. Despite this situation, no European Ple...

  • Comparative spermatology in Plecoptera (Insecta): an ultrastructural investigation on four species.
    Arthropod Structure & Development, 2001
    Co-Authors: Anna Maria Fausto, M.c. Belardinelli, Romolo Fochetti, Massimo Mazzini
    Abstract:

    Abstract The ultrastructure of spermatozoa of four Plecoptera species, Leuctra fusca Linnaeus, Brachyptera risi (Morton), Taeniopteryx stankovitchi Ikonomov, T. kuehtreiberi (Aubert), was investigated by light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence microscopy. The spermatozoa of all the species have a complex acrosome, are filiform and flagellate, with a ‘9+9+2’ axoneme flanked by two mitochondrial derivatives. However, the structure shows a certain interspecific heterogeneity. L. fusca has a short conical nucleus in the apical position and an axoneme flanked by two accessory bodies. In the sperm of the Taeniopterygidae, the nucleus is a long cylindrical body which lies between the two mitochondrial derivatives flanking the axoneme for most of its length. Our results suggest a close phylogenetic affinity between Plecoptera and the other orders of Polyneoptera, although the proposed sister-group relationship between Plecoptera and Embioptera cannot be confirmed.

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