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Susumu Takamatsu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Morphophylogenetic analyses revealed that Podosphaera tridactyla constitutes a species complex.
Mycologia, 2020Co-Authors: Jamjan Meeboon, Susumu Takamatsu, Uwe BraunAbstract:Podosphaera tridactyla (s. lat.) is a powdery mildew species occurring on a wide range of Prunus spp. almost worldwide. We have investigated the phylogeny of the Po. tridactyla complex, with specia...
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Podosphaera lini ascomycota erysiphales revisited and reunited with oidium lini
Plant pathology & quarantine online, 2019Co-Authors: Uwe Braun, Preston Chris D, Cook R T A, M. Götz, Susumu TakamatsuAbstract:Podosphaera lini (Erysiphaceae) has recently been detected on linseed, Linum usitatissimum var. crepitans, in England and represents the first unequivocal record of this powdery mildew species from Great Britain. The history of powdery mildew on linseed/flax in the UK is critically discussed. DNA sequence data (ITS + 28S rDNA) have been retrieved, from the British material and a specimen from Germany, to be used for phylogenetic analyses. The position of P. lini as a species of its own in the genus Podosphaera, close to P. macularis (hop powdery mildew), was confirmed in the ITS-based phylogeny. The phylogenetic results, in concordance with the morphological traits of the flax powdery mildew (small peridial cells of the chasmothecia), place this species in Podosphaera sect. Sphaerotheca subsect. Sphaerotheca. Oidium lini, described from Croatia by Skoric in 1926, was later erroneously reduced to a synonymy with Golovinomyces orontii. Oidium lini has been reassessed and is now regarded as a synonym of Podosphaera lini. Oidium lini, cited in the literature as a name published by Bondartsev in 1913, is critically discussed and reviewed. The name O. lini was most likely never validly introduced and is doubtful.
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Podosphaera perseae-americanae, a new powdery mildew species on Persea americana (avocado) from Indonesia
Mycoscience, 2016Co-Authors: Siska A.s. Siahaan, Jamjan Meeboon, Iman Hidayat, Kartini Kramadibrata, Susumu TakamatsuAbstract:Abstract An asexual stage of powdery mildew was found on Persea americana in West Java and North Sumatera, Indonesia. Based on phylogenetic analyses as well as morphological investigations, a new species, Podosphaera perseae-americanae, is proposed for this fungus including detailed descriptions and illustrations of morphology. Also its generic affinity and phylogeny are discussed.
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Notes on powdery mildews (Erysiphales) in Japan: III. Golovinomyces and Podosphaera
Mycoscience, 2015Co-Authors: Jamjan Meeboon, Susumu TakamatsuAbstract:Several new records of Golovinomyces and Podosphaera species (Erysiphales) in Japan are reported with morphological and molecular data, including the first finding of G. cynoglossi in Japan, the first occurrence of Euoidium sp. on Trigonotis peduncularis, G. riedlianus on Galium trifloriforme var. nipponicum and P. xanthii on Verbena brasiliensis, as well as the first morphological descriptions and molecular data for G. rubiae on Rubia hexaphylla, P. curvispora on Aria alnifolia, P. tridactyla on Cerasus leveilleana, and P. xanthii on Parasenecio hastatus subsp. tanakae and V. bonariensis based on Japanese specimens.
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Erysiphe viburni-plicati and Podosphaera photiniae, two new species of Erysiphales (Ascomycota) from Japan
Mycoscience, 2015Co-Authors: Jamjan Meeboon, Susumu TakamatsuAbstract:Abstract Two new species of the Erysiphales, Erysiphe viburni-plicati and Podosphaera photiniae, are described and illustrated in this paper. These two fungi were first reported in 1977 and 1996 as Podosphaera spp. from Japan, but have not yet been formally described and named. We performed detailed morphological re-examinations and phylogenetic analyses based on new specimens. The results clearly show that these fungi are new, hitherto undescribed species. Molecular analyses of E. viburni-plicati indicate that this fungus belongs to the genus Erysiphe, not to Podosphaera, although it has chasmothecia with a single ascus. This result reveals that monoascus-type chasmothecia are not confined to Podosphaera and Cystotheca as they are also formed by some Erysiphe species.
Uwe Braun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Morphophylogenetic analyses revealed that Podosphaera tridactyla constitutes a species complex.
Mycologia, 2020Co-Authors: Jamjan Meeboon, Susumu Takamatsu, Uwe BraunAbstract:Podosphaera tridactyla (s. lat.) is a powdery mildew species occurring on a wide range of Prunus spp. almost worldwide. We have investigated the phylogeny of the Po. tridactyla complex, with specia...
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Phylogeny and taxonomy of Podosphaera cerasi, sp. nov., and Podosphaera prunicola sensu lato.
Mycologia, 2019Co-Authors: Swarnalatha Moparthi, Gary G. Grove, Uwe Braun, Jamjan Meeboon, Binod Pandey, Michael Bradshaw, Suzanne Rooney Latham, M. K. RombergAbstract:Powdery mildew of Prunus spp. is a significant disease in most cherry growing regions of Washington, USA. Powdery mildews on Prunus virginiana and Pr. avium were previously assigned to Podosphaera clandestina s. lat. (= Po. oxyacanthae) or Po. prunicola. In this report, we confirm the presence of two distinct Podosphaera species on these hosts. Phylogenetic analyses of nuc rDNA sequences from the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS) and 28S subunit confirmed the presence of two distinct species. A morphological comparison with type material of Po. prunicola and additional collections demonstrated that the powdery mildew on Pr. virginiana (including var. demissa and var. melanocarpa) is in fact Po. prunicola. The powdery mildew on Pr. avium is genetically, morphologically, and biologically distinct from Po. prunicola and is described here as the new species Po. cerasi. Cross-inoculation experiments confirmed that these two species are host specific. Podosphaera prunicola was unable to colonize Pr. avium, whereas Po. cerasi was unable to colonize Pr. virginiana. Morphological reexamination of numerous specimens identified as Po. prunicola on a broad range of Prunus species suggests that Po. prunicola is probably confined to species in Prunus subgen.Padus (= Prunus subgen. Cerasus sect. Laurocerasus, including sect. Padus), with Pr. virginiana as the principal host. Podosphaera cerasi occurs on hosts in Prunus subgen. Cerasus, and our work confirms a newly described species of powdery mildew on Pr. avium. This work also includes the first documented and genetically proven European record of Po. prunicola on Pr. serotina and its widespread occurrence in the United States.
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Podosphaera lini ascomycota erysiphales revisited and reunited with oidium lini
Plant pathology & quarantine online, 2019Co-Authors: Uwe Braun, Preston Chris D, Cook R T A, M. Götz, Susumu TakamatsuAbstract:Podosphaera lini (Erysiphaceae) has recently been detected on linseed, Linum usitatissimum var. crepitans, in England and represents the first unequivocal record of this powdery mildew species from Great Britain. The history of powdery mildew on linseed/flax in the UK is critically discussed. DNA sequence data (ITS + 28S rDNA) have been retrieved, from the British material and a specimen from Germany, to be used for phylogenetic analyses. The position of P. lini as a species of its own in the genus Podosphaera, close to P. macularis (hop powdery mildew), was confirmed in the ITS-based phylogeny. The phylogenetic results, in concordance with the morphological traits of the flax powdery mildew (small peridial cells of the chasmothecia), place this species in Podosphaera sect. Sphaerotheca subsect. Sphaerotheca. Oidium lini, described from Croatia by Skoric in 1926, was later erroneously reduced to a synonymy with Golovinomyces orontii. Oidium lini has been reassessed and is now regarded as a synonym of Podosphaera lini. Oidium lini, cited in the literature as a name published by Bondartsev in 1913, is critically discussed and reviewed. The name O. lini was most likely never validly introduced and is doubtful.
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Phylogeny of Podosphaera sect. Sphaerotheca subsect. Magnicellulatae (Sphaerotheca fuliginea auct. s.lat.) inferred from rDNA ITS sequences - a taxonomic interpretation.
2013Co-Authors: Uwe Braun, Nina Shishkoff, Susumu TakamatsuAbstract:Abstract: Braun, U., Shishkoff, N. & Takamatsu, S. 2001: Phylogeny of Podosphaera sect. Sphaerotheca subsect. Magnicellulatae ( Sphaerotheca fuliginea auct. s.lat.) inferred from rDNA ITS sequences – a taxonomic interpretation. Schlechtendalia 7 : 45-52. Data of a phylogenetic analysis of the Podosphaera ( Sphaerotheca ) fuliginea complex based on rDNA ITS sequences are taxonomically interpreted. Using a morphological species concept, mainly based on the size of the ascomata and the diameter of the thin-walled apical portion of the asci (oculus), combined with biological data, the present taxonomic status of P. balsaminae, P. diclipterae, P. fuliginea, P. intermedia, P. pseudofusca and P. sibirica as separate species has been confirmed. P. fusca emend. as well as P. xanthii emend. are reassessed as complex, compound species. P. euphorbiae-hirtae and P. phaseoli are reduced to synonymy with P. xanthii . Zusammenfassung: Braun, U., Shishkoff, N. & Takamatsu, S. 2001: Phylogeny of Podosphaera sect. Sphaerotheca subsect. Magnicellulatae ( Sphaerotheca fuliginea auct. s.lat.) inferred from rDNA ITS sequences – a taxonomic interpretation. Schlechtendalia 7 : 45-52. Ergebnisse einer phylogenetischen Analyse des Podosphaera ( Sphaerotheca ) fuliginea -Komplexes auf Grundlage von rDNA-ITS-Sequenzen werden taxonomisch ausgewertet. Unter Anwendung eines morphologischen Artkonzepts, hauptsachlich auf Grundlage der Fruchtkorpergrose und des Durchmessers der dunnwandigen Scheitelregion der Asci (Oculus), in Verbindung mit biologischen Daten, wird der gegenwartige taxonomische Status von P. balsaminae, P. diclipterae, P. fuliginea, P. intermedia, P. pseudofusca und P. sibirica bestatigt. P. fusca emend. und P. xanthii emend. werden neu als komplexe Sammelarten bewertet. P. euphorbiae-hirtae und P. phaseoli werden zu P. xanthii gestellt.
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Podosphaera cf. pruinosa on Rhus hirta in Germany
2013Co-Authors: Herbert Boyle, Uwe Braun, Horst Jage, Volker Kummer, Horst ZimmermannAbstract:Abstract: BOYLE, H., BRAUN, U., JAGE, H., KUMMER, V. & ZIMMERMANN, H. 2008: Podosphaera cf. pruinosa on Rhus hirta in Germany. Schlechtendalia 17 : 33–38. The introduction of a new powdery mildew disease on Rhus hirta in various parts of Germany (Brandenburg, Rhine-Westphalia, Sachsen-Anhalt and Saxony) is reported. The anamorph found on this host agrees well with the North American Podosphaera pruinosa . Although the teleomorph has not yet been found in Germany and a molecular study has not yet been possible due to the lack of fresh North American material for a comparison, there is little doubt that the European outbreak of the Rhus powdery mildew disease may be referred to as Podosphaera pruinosa. Morphology, taxonomy and distribution of Podosphaera species on Rhus and other hosts of the Anacardiaceae are discussed in detail. Zusammenfassung: BOYLE, H., BRAUN, U., JAGE, H., KUMMER, V. & ZIMMERMANN, H. 2008: Podosphaera cf. pruinosa auf Rhus hirta in Deutschland. Schlechtendalia 17 : 33–38. Es wird uber das Auftreten einer neuen Mehltaukrankheit auf Rhus hirta in verschiedenen Teilen Deutschlands (Brandenburg, Rheinland-Pfalz, Sachsen und Sachsen-Anhalt) berichtet. Die auf diesem Wirt gefundene Anamorphe stimmt gut mit der nordamerikanischen Podosphaera pruinosa uberein. Obwohl noch keine Teleomorphe in Deutschland gefunden worden ist und ein molekularer Vergleich mangels der Verfugbarkeit nordamerikanischer Aufsammlungen von Frischmaterial noch nicht moglich war, besteht kaum Zweifel, dass der europaische Ausbruch dieser Rhus -Mehltaukrankheit auf P. pruinosa zuruckzufuhren ist. Morphologie, Taxonomie und Verbreitung von Podosphaera -Arten auf Rhus und anderen Wirten der Anacardiaceae werden im Detail diskutiert.
Gary G. Grove - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Phylogeny and taxonomy of Podosphaera cerasi, sp. nov., and Podosphaera prunicola sensu lato.
Mycologia, 2019Co-Authors: Swarnalatha Moparthi, Gary G. Grove, Uwe Braun, Jamjan Meeboon, Binod Pandey, Michael Bradshaw, Suzanne Rooney Latham, M. K. RombergAbstract:Powdery mildew of Prunus spp. is a significant disease in most cherry growing regions of Washington, USA. Powdery mildews on Prunus virginiana and Pr. avium were previously assigned to Podosphaera clandestina s. lat. (= Po. oxyacanthae) or Po. prunicola. In this report, we confirm the presence of two distinct Podosphaera species on these hosts. Phylogenetic analyses of nuc rDNA sequences from the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS) and 28S subunit confirmed the presence of two distinct species. A morphological comparison with type material of Po. prunicola and additional collections demonstrated that the powdery mildew on Pr. virginiana (including var. demissa and var. melanocarpa) is in fact Po. prunicola. The powdery mildew on Pr. avium is genetically, morphologically, and biologically distinct from Po. prunicola and is described here as the new species Po. cerasi. Cross-inoculation experiments confirmed that these two species are host specific. Podosphaera prunicola was unable to colonize Pr. avium, whereas Po. cerasi was unable to colonize Pr. virginiana. Morphological reexamination of numerous specimens identified as Po. prunicola on a broad range of Prunus species suggests that Po. prunicola is probably confined to species in Prunus subgen.Padus (= Prunus subgen. Cerasus sect. Laurocerasus, including sect. Padus), with Pr. virginiana as the principal host. Podosphaera cerasi occurs on hosts in Prunus subgen. Cerasus, and our work confirms a newly described species of powdery mildew on Pr. avium. This work also includes the first documented and genetically proven European record of Po. prunicola on Pr. serotina and its widespread occurrence in the United States.
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Powdery mildew of sweet cherry : influence of temperature and wetness duration on release and germination of ascospores of Podosphaera clandestina
Phytopathology, 1991Co-Authors: Gary G. GroveAbstract:The effects of temperature and wetness duration on release and germination of ascospores of Podosphaera clandestina, causal agent of sweet cherry powdery mildew, were determined in controlled-environment studies. Ascospore release occurred in the presence of free water at temperatures between 5 and 30 C and at wetness durations as short as 1 h. Spore release increased rapidly between 2 and 4 h wetness durations, and after 8 h was optimal at 15-20 C (...)
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Overwinter survival of Podosphaera clandestina in Eastern Washington
Phytopathology, 1991Co-Authors: Gary G. Grove, R. J. BoalAbstract:Podosphaera clandestina survived winter as cleistothecia on senescent cherry leaves on the orchard floor or trapped in tree crotches, as cleistothecia in partially decomposed leaves trapped in tree crotches, or as cleistothecia trapped in bark crevices. Ascocarp viability ranged from 55−90% in early February to 5−33% in mid-May. Inoculation of cherry seedlings with overwintered cleistothecia collected from early March through mid-May resulted in infection, with the largest number of mildew colonies resulting from inoculation with cleistothecia that were collected around bud burst. Ascospore release began 1 mo before bud burst and continued until after the bloom period (...)
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Factors affecting germination of conidia of Podosphaera clandestina on leaves and fruit of sweet cherry
Phytopathology, 1991Co-Authors: Gary G. Grove, R. J. BoalAbstract:The effects of temperature and vapor pressure deficit on germination of conidia of Podosphaera clandestina on sweet cherry foliage were determined under controlled conditions. Germination occurred at vapor pressure deficits between 0 and 851 Pa and increased with decreasing vapor pressure deficit. Germination occurred at 15-30 C during 8-h incubation periods and 10-30 C during 16-'and 24-h incubation periods. The optimum temperature for germination after 16 h of incubation was 25 C, but after 24 h, shifted downward to 20 C. After 24 h, germination exceeded 50% under optimum conditions of 0 Pa at 20 C (...)
R. J. Boal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Overwinter survival of Podosphaera clandestina in Eastern Washington
Phytopathology, 1991Co-Authors: Gary G. Grove, R. J. BoalAbstract:Podosphaera clandestina survived winter as cleistothecia on senescent cherry leaves on the orchard floor or trapped in tree crotches, as cleistothecia in partially decomposed leaves trapped in tree crotches, or as cleistothecia trapped in bark crevices. Ascocarp viability ranged from 55−90% in early February to 5−33% in mid-May. Inoculation of cherry seedlings with overwintered cleistothecia collected from early March through mid-May resulted in infection, with the largest number of mildew colonies resulting from inoculation with cleistothecia that were collected around bud burst. Ascospore release began 1 mo before bud burst and continued until after the bloom period (...)
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Factors affecting germination of conidia of Podosphaera clandestina on leaves and fruit of sweet cherry
Phytopathology, 1991Co-Authors: Gary G. Grove, R. J. BoalAbstract:The effects of temperature and vapor pressure deficit on germination of conidia of Podosphaera clandestina on sweet cherry foliage were determined under controlled conditions. Germination occurred at vapor pressure deficits between 0 and 851 Pa and increased with decreasing vapor pressure deficit. Germination occurred at 15-30 C during 8-h incubation periods and 10-30 C during 16-'and 24-h incubation periods. The optimum temperature for germination after 16 h of incubation was 25 C, but after 24 h, shifted downward to 20 C. After 24 h, germination exceeded 50% under optimum conditions of 0 Pa at 20 C (...)
Hyeon-dong Shin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Podosphaera xanthii on Ricinus communis in Korea
Plant Disease, 2018Co-Authors: T. T. Zhao, Sung Eun Cho, In-young Choi, Min-kyung Choi, Hyeon-dong ShinAbstract:Ricinus communis L. (Euphorbiaceae), known as castor bean, is widely planted in the tropical and warm temperate areas. The seed is a source of castor oil, which has plenty of applications in medicine and as a motor lubricant (Worbs et al. 2011). In September 2016, powdery mildew symptoms were observed on several castor bean plants grown as a leafy vegetable in a private garden in Gimcheon (36°07′09″N, 128°07′46″E), Korea. White patches consisting of hyphae, conidiophores, and conidia were distributed on both sides of leaves. Infections were weak and did not cause early defoliation or leaf distortion. A representative specimen was deposited in Korea University Herbarium (KUS-F29541). Hyphal appressoria were nipple shaped. Conidiophores were erect, 110 to 230 × 10 to 12 μm, and produced two to five immature conidia in chains. Foot cells of conidiophores were cylindrical, 40 to 70 μm, and somewhat constricted at the basal parts. Conidia were ellipsoid to ovoid, 28 to 35 × 16 to 19 μm with a length/width ratio of 1.6 to 2.2, and contained distinct fibrosin bodies. Germ tubes produced from the lateral position of conidia were simple to forked. Primary conidia were apically conical or rounded, mostly subtruncate at the base, and generally smaller than secondary conidia. No chasmothecia were observed during the growing season. These structures are typical of the powdery mildew Fibroidium anamorph of the genus Podosphaera (Braun and Cook 2012). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the specimen KUS-F29541 were amplified and sequenced with primers PMITS1/PMITS2 (Cunnington et al. 2003). The ITS sequence was deposited in GenBank (accession no. MG462908). It showed over 99% similarity with Podosphaera xanthii sequences obtained from Cucurbita pepo (KJ698669), Calendula officinalis (AB525914), and Verbena brasiliensis (KJ472787). Based on the morphological characteristics and molecular data, the fungus on R. communis was identified as P. xanthii (Castagne) U. Braun & Shishkoff (Braun and Cook 2012). Inoculation tests were conducted by pressing infected leaves onto 12 healthy leaves of three castor bean plants. Three noninoculated plants were used as controls. These plants were kept in a greenhouse at 24 to 30°C without artificial illumination. Typical powdery mildew symptoms developed on the inoculated plants after 5 days; however, the controls remained symptomless. The morphological characteristics of the pathogen on inoculated plants were in agreement with those on the diseased plants observed originally. There have been many records of powdery mildews belonging to Golovinomyces, Leveillula, Oidium, and Ovulariopsis on R. communis (Farr and Rossman 2017). However, no previous record of Podosphaera on R. communis has been found. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. xanthii on R. communis globally as well as in Korea. Although identified from one locality, the natural occurrence of powdery mildew would be a new threat to this economically important crop in Korea.
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First record of Podosphaera xanthii on Peperomia tetragona
Australasian Plant Disease Notes, 2017Co-Authors: Sung Eun Cho, In-young Choi, Kyung-sook Han, Hyeon-dong ShinAbstract:In January 2017, Peperomia tetragona was found to be infected with a powdery mildew in Korea. No chasmothecia were observed. The fungus associated with foliar signs of powdery mildew was identified as Podosphaera xanthii using morphological characteristics of the anamorph and molecular analysis of ITS regions. This is the first report of powdery mildew infections on P. tetragona worldwide.
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Occurrence of powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera pannosa on lemon eucalyptus
Forest Pathology, 2016Co-Authors: Sung-youn Cho, Juri Park, Sung-suk Lee, C. K. Lee, Hyeon-dong ShinAbstract:Summary In 2014, powdery mildew was observed on pot-grown lemon eucalyptus (Corymbia citriodora, Myrtaceae) in Korea. Based on morphological data and phylogenetic analysis of anamorph isolates, this fungus was identified as Podosphaera pannosa. This is the first report of powdery mildew caused by P. pannosa on lemon eucalyptus. Our results, which include a detailed morphological description and molecular data analysis, support previous records of P. pannosa on Eucalyptus spp. and thus on taxa outside the Rosaceae.
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First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Podosphaera xanthii on Verbena brasiliensis in Korea.
Plant disease, 2014Co-Authors: Sung-youn Cho, Juri Park, Sung Hoon Hong, Byung-sup Kim, Hyeon-dong ShinAbstract:Verbena brasiliensis Vell., commonly known as Brazilian verbena, is native to South America and has been introduced into North America, coastal Europe, southern Africa, and Australasia. Though partly cultivated for garden use, it is invasive in riverine areas and also on roadsides, forest margins, pastures, and waste areas (4). In Korea, this plant was first reported in 1998 in Jeju Island and has become widely naturalized by replacing indigenous plants and disrupting native ecosystems in most of southern part of Korea (3). Since 2009, powdery mildew on Brazilian verbena has been consistently found in several locations of Busan City, Korea. Symptoms appeared as circular to irregular white patches, which subsequently showed abundant hyphal growth on both sides of the leaves and on stems. High disease severity caused poor growth of the plants, resulting in premature senescence and reduced flowering. Specimens (n = 5) were deposited in the Korea University Herbarium (KUS). Appressoria on the mycelium were nipple-shaped or nearly absent. Conidiophores were 140 to 190 × 11 to 12.5 μm and produced 2 to 7 immature conidia in chains with a crenate outline. Foot-cells in conidiophores were straight, cylindric, relatively short, 50 to 65 μm long, and constricted at the very base of branching point from the hypha. Conidia were hyaline, ellipsoid to ovate, measured 28 to 38 × 18.5 to 22 μm (length/width ratio of 1.2 to 1.8), and contained distinct fibrosin bodies. Germ tubes were produced from the lateral position of conidia. No chasmothecia were observed. These structures are typical of the powdery mildew Euoidium anamorph of the genus Podosphaera. The morphological characteristics and measurements were consistent with those of P. xanthii (Castagne) U. Braun & Shishkoff (1). To confirm the identity, the complete internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA of the isolate KUS-F27220 was amplified with primers ITS1/ITS4, and sequenced. The resulting 477-bp sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. KJ472787). A GenBank BLAST search of this sequence revealed 100% identity with Podosphaera sp. on V. bonariensis and V.× hybrida from Japan (AB462804 and AB040347). The Podosphaera sp. isolates listed above are now placed in P. xanthii (1). Pathogenicity was confirmed through inoculation by gently pressing a diseased leaf onto leaves of three healthy, potted 2-month-old Brazilian verbena plants. Three non-inoculated plants served as controls. Inoculated plants developed signs and symptoms after 6 days, whereas the control plants remained symptomless. The fungus present on the inoculated leaves was identical morphologically to that originally observed on diseased plants. Powdery mildew of Verbena spp. associated with Podosphaera sp. (including Sphaerotheca sp.) has been globally reported, but not on V. brasiliensis (1,2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of powdery mildew disease caused by P. xanthii on V. brasiliensis globally. Our field observations suggest that the powdery mildew could limit expansion of V. brasiliensis in Korea. References: (1) U. Braun and R. T. A. Cook. Taxonomic Manual of the Erysiphales (Powdery Mildews), CBS Biodiversity Series No.11. CBS, Utrecht, 2012. (2) D. F. Farr and A. Y. Rossman. Fungal Databases. Syst. Mycol. Microbiol. Lab., Online publication, ARS, USDA, Retrieved February 18, 2014. (3) C. G. Song and Y. H. Yang. The Naturalized Plants in Jeju Island. Nam-Jeju County, Jeju, Korea, 2005. (4) P. F. Yao. Kew Bull. 45:101, 1990.