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Alvin M Simmons - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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do plant trichomes cause more harm than good to Predatory Insects
Pest Management Science, 2014Co-Authors: Eric W Riddick, Alvin M SimmonsAbstract:Plants use trichomes as a morphological defense against attacks from herbivores. The literature was reviewed to test the hypothesis that trichome-bearing (pubescent) plants do not cause more harm than good to predators. Forty seven records on interactions between plant trichomes and Predatory Insects were found. Overall, the records reveal that trichomes have more harmful than beneficial effects on predators. Fortunately, most harmful effects are sublethal; they usually affect movement, development, oviposition and predation potential. In worst cases, sticky exudates from glandular trichomes entrap predators. The hooked tips on non-glandular trichomes impale predators. Entrapped and impaled predators often die from desiccation or starvation. Plant cultivars with high (rather than low) trichome density cause the most harm, and trichomes on tomato and some beans often cause more harm than good to Predatory beetles, true bugs and lacewings. Whether these harmful effects have a net negative effect on plant fitness is poorly known and ripe for study. When developing and testing cultivars with increased trichome-based resistance to herbivory, the question as to whether these technologies are compatible with the functional role of those predators (single or combined species) capable of suppressing herbivore populations should be considered. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA
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Plant trichomes have mixed impacts on Predatory Insects
Pest management science, 2014Co-Authors: Eric W Riddick, Alvin M SimmonsAbstract:In response to our review article on the role of plant trichomes on insect predators (Riddick & Simmons 2014), Krimmel (2014) acknowledged the challenges that are faced in bringing together the varied publications on the subject of impact of plant trichomes on Predatory Insects. He also suggested that Predatory Insects may perform better on plant trichomes in the field than one may think, notably because laboratory and field results do not always agree. Certain Predatory Insects in the field represent a subset of the overall assessment of the impact of plant trichomes on insect predators. We recognize that every publication on this subject was not listed in our review (Riddick & Simmons 2014). On the other hand, we believe that our review summarized the majority of the most relevant published research on this subject. As noted in our review, data for many insect predators are absent or scarce in regards to impact of plant trichomes; our overall conclusions were based on the published data. Moreover, as noted in our review, we excluded Predatory mites because they were recently addressed in a review of the impact of plant trichomes on this group (Schmidt 2014). Nevertheless, the published reports in our review show that guilds of insect predators in assorted plant systems can have responses to plant trichomes that range from no effect to mild effect to major effect. Depending on whether research is conducted in a laboratory, greenhouse or field, there are obviously strengths and limitations for each study environment. Sometimes, there are cage effects or environmental effects on plants or Insects in studies in either research environment (Simmons & Yeargan 1990; Richards & Coley 2008, Asiimwe et al 2013). For example, plant trichome type and density can vary based on day length (Snyder et al 1998). As illustrated in our review, a host of abiotic and/or biotic factors may even offer different results in the field between two seasons. Yet, data within tri-trophic relationships in different environments (laboratory, greenhouse or field) do not necessarily need to agree to be valid. Of course, the two practical systems for predators in horticultural production systems are protected environments (e.g. greenhouses) and the field. We do not expect plant trichomes to have the same (or lack of) impact on all insect predators in both protected and open field plant systems because of possible differences in insect densities, differences in prey complex, and possible differences in abiotic effects on plants and insect behavior. Although most studies in our review indicated a negative impact on the behavior of predators, the actual impact on fitness is not known. The range of responses lead us to conclude that some predators are apparently more adapted to certain plant trichomes. For some insect predators, the effect is positive, but it is neutral or negative for others. The majority of reports support a negative impact. Yet, much more data are needed to better define which predators are affected by plant trichomes.
Siti Herlinda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Herbivore Insects and Predatory arthropods in freshwater swamp rice field in South Sumatra, Indonesia sprayed with bioinsecticides of entomopathogenic fungi and abamectin
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 2020Co-Authors: Siti Herlinda, Yulia Pujiastuti, Ghanni Prabawati, Tili Karenina, Susilawati Susilawati, Hasbi Hasbi, Chandra IrsanAbstract:Abstract. Herlinda S, Prabawati G, Pujiastuti Y, Susilawati, Karenia T, Hasbi, Irsan C. 2020. Herbivore Insects and Predatory arthropods in freshwater swamp rice field in South Sumatra, Indonesia sprayed with bioinsecticides of entomopathogenic fungi and abamectin. Biodiversitas 21: 3755-3768. Herbivore insect population and Predatory arthropods in rice field may be effected by the application entomopathogenic fungi or synthetic insecticide. The objective of this research was to analyze individual quantity of herbivore Insects and Predatory arthropod inhabiting freshwater swamp rice fields treated with bioinsecticides and abamectin (commercial insecticide). This research was conducted in the freshwater swamp rice field located in Village Pelabuhan Dalam, Sub District Pemulutan, District Ogan Ilir, and South Sumatra. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Block Design consisted of four plots of treatment. The research used the bioinsecticides made from entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Cordyceps military), and abamectin. Sampling to collect arthropods inhabiting rice canopy was also conducted using an entomological net in the study locations. This research found 12 families of herbivore Insects with 22 species dominated by Nilaparvata lugens and Leptocorisa acuta and 32 species of spider belonged to eight families dominated by Tetragnatha virescens and Oxyopes matiensis. The species diversity of spider was higher in the plots of the bioinsecticide compared to that of the abamectin. Predatory Insects found belonged to 14 species belonged to eight families dominated by species of Ophionea nigrofasciata, Verania discolor, and Paedorus fuscipe. The abundance of Predatory Insects in plots sprayed with the bioinsecticides was higher compared to that of the abamectin plot. The abundance and species diversity of Predatory arthropod sprayed with bioinsecticide of B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, and C. militaris did not decrease, while the population of herbivore insect tended to decrease.
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Impact of mycoinsecticides and abamectin applications on species diversity and abundance of aquatic Insects in rice fields of freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 2020Co-Authors: Siti Herlinda, Chandra Irsan, Erise Anggraini, Susilawati Susilawati, Hasbi Hasbi, Monica Alesia, Suparman Suparman, Arsi ArsiAbstract:Abstract. Herlinda S, Alesia M, Susilawati, Irsan C, Hasbi, Suparman, Anggraini E, Arsi. 2020. Impact of mycoinsecticides and abamectin applications on species diversity and abundance of aquatic Insects in rice fields of freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3076-3083. Aquatic Insects in rice fields generally are predators of rice insect pests. The application of insecticides may reduce the abundance and species diversity of these predators. This study aimed to determine the impact of mycoinsecticides and abamectin application on species diversity and abundance of aquatic Insects in rice fields. Mycoinsecticides were made from Beauveria bassiana s.l., Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. and Cordyceps militaris s.l. with carrier from shrimp shell flour compost extract, vegetable oil, and Tween®. The treatments were the mycoinsecticides and abamectin. The results showed there were eight aquatic Insects species obtained in this study, i.e. unidentified Dytiscidae, Micronecta sp., Mesovelia sp., Ranatra sp., Anisops sp., Microvelia sp., unidentified species of Veliidae, and Orthetrum sp. belong to 7 families (Dytiscidae, Corixidae, Mesoveliidae, Nepidae, Notonectidae, Veliidae, Libellulidae), and three orders (Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Odonata). All of the species were Predatory Insects. The application of mycoinsecticides did not reduce the abundance and species diversity of the aquatic Predatory Insects, but the application of abamectin reduced the abundance and species diversity of the predators. The highest insect species diversity was in the plots applied with C. militaris s.l., followed by the B. bassiana s.l. and M. anisopliae s.l. plots and the lowest one was found in the abamectin plot. So, the application of mycoinsecticides from B. bassiana s.l., M. anisopliae s.l. and C. militaris s.l. is safe for the aquatic Predatory Insects and to control rice insect pests than that of abamectin.
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The abundance of canopy arthropods in South Sumatra (Indonesia) freshwater swamp main and ratooned rice applied with bioinsecticides and synthetic insecticide
Biodiversitas, 2019Co-Authors: Ghanni Prabawati, Siti Herlinda, Yulia PujiastutiAbstract:Abstract. Prabawati G, Herlinda S, Pujiastuti Y. 2019. A comparative study on the arboreal arthropod abundance of rice fields between applied with fungal bioinsecticides and abamectin in the freshwater swamp of South Sumatra, Indonesia (Study case in the main and ratoon rice fields). Biodiversitas 20: 2921-2930. Ratoon rice has been cultivated by local farmers in South Sumatra and can be a source of habitat and niches for the main rice arthropods. The study aimed to compare the abundance of arthropods between main and rationed rice field applied with fungal bioinsecticides and abamectin. This study used bioinsecticides from fungi of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Cordyceps militaris and control using abamectin. Arboreal arthropods sampled using a sweep net. The abundance of arthropods in the main rice tends to be higher than in ratoon. Spiders found during the two rice seasons were Araneidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Oxyopidae, Salticidae, Theridiidae, Tetragnathidae, Theridiosomatidae, while Predatory Insects found were Mantidae, Coenagrionidae, Staphylinidae, Anthicidae, Latridiidae, Formicidae, Coccinellidae, Coccinellidae, Tettigoniidae, Miridae, Carabidae. The fungal bioinsecticides did not reduce the Predatory arthropod abundance but the abamectin caused a decrease in the abundance of all guilds. The most drastic decrease was found in web-building spiders. The movement of hunting spiders and the Predatory Insects of the main to ratoon rice was faster than that of web-building spiders. The existence of ratoon rice could become habitats and niches for arthropods from the main rice. For this reason, controlling the herbivore Insects could use bioinsecticides derived from entomopathogenic fungi.
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Abundance and species diversity of Predatory arthropods inhabiting rice of refuge habitats and synthetic insecticide application in freshwater swamps in South Sumatra, Indonesia
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 2019Co-Authors: Tili Karenina, Siti Herlinda, Chandra Irsan, Yulia PujiastutiAbstract:Abstract. Karenina T, Herlinda S, Irsan C, Pujiastuti Y. 2019. Abundance and species diversity of Predatory arthropods inhabiting rice of refuge habitats and synthetic insecticide application in freshwater swamps in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2375-2387. Rice cultivation in freshwater swamps in Indonesia is specific, among other things, there is no synthetic pesticide spraying and vegetable growing on rice field embankments. This specific cultivation technique can affect the abundance and diversity of rice-dwelling arthropods species. The study aimed to compare the abundance and species diversity of Predatory arthropods inhabiting rice surrounded both by refugia and vegetables and by those being applied with synthetic insecticide in the rice field of freshwater swamps. This study used rice plots surrounded by refugia flower (Zinnia sp., Tagetes erecta, Cosmo caudatus, and Sesamum indicum); vegetables (Cucumis sativus, Vigna sinensis, Luffa acutangula, and Momordica charantia); untreated; and synthetic insecticide. Twenty-five herbivore species of 12 families, 34 spider species of 8 families, and 24 species of Predatory Insects of 12 families were found on rice during a planting season. The lowest herbivore population and spider abundance were found on synthetic insecticide sprayed rice and they were significantly different from those of refugia-rice plots. The most abundant spiders and Predatory Insects were found on rice surrounded by refugia and were not significantly different from those of rice surrounded by vegetables. The highest species diversity for spiders and Predatory Insects was found on rice surrounded by refugia, whereas the lowest species diversity was found on synthetic pesticide sprayed rice. Therefore, rice surrounded by refugia flowers and vegetables was the most appropriate for habitat and niche of Predatory arthropods.
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Populasi Serangga Hama dan Artropoda Predator pada Padi Rawa Lebak Sumatera Selatan yang Diaplikasikan Bioinsektisida dari Beauveria bassiana dan Insektisida Sintetik
Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands, 2019Co-Authors: Khoirul Ikhsanudin Hanif, Siti Herlinda, Chandra Irsan, Tili Karenina, Erise Anggraini, Suwandi Suwandi, Susilawati SusilawatiAbstract:Hanif et al, 2019. Population of Pest Insects and Predatory Arthropods Inhabiting Freshwater Swamp Rice of South Sumatra Treated with Bioinsectide of Beauveria bassiana and a Synthetic Insecticide. JLSO (8)1:31-38. Entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana , could kill various species of insect pests, but their impact on Predatory arthropods needs to be studied. The aim of this study was to compare population of pest Insects and Predatory arthropods inhabiting rice sprayed with bioinsecticide of B. bassiana and conventional rice field using a synthetic insecticides. Bioinsecticide was made from conidia of B. bassiana and sprayed on rice canopy. The plot of conventional farmers was sprayed with synthetic insecticides made from Abamektrin. The results showed that the application of bioinsecticide of B. bassiana was not proven to reduce the pest insect population. The abundance of natural enemies of pest Insects, such as spiders and Predatory Insects was also more abundant in plots sprayed with bioinsecticide than conventional plots that used synthetic insecticide. The synthetic insecticides have been shown to reduce the abundance of Predatory Insects and spiders. Bioinsecticides containing carrier of liquid compost were proven to increase the growth and development of rice, which was an increase in the number of rice tillers per clump in plots applied by bioinsecticide. Thus, B. bassiana of bioinsecticide with liquid compost carrier material was safer and could maintain the abundance of Predatory arthropods and increased rice growth.
Chandra Irsan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Herbivore Insects and Predatory arthropods in freshwater swamp rice field in South Sumatra, Indonesia sprayed with bioinsecticides of entomopathogenic fungi and abamectin
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 2020Co-Authors: Siti Herlinda, Yulia Pujiastuti, Ghanni Prabawati, Tili Karenina, Susilawati Susilawati, Hasbi Hasbi, Chandra IrsanAbstract:Abstract. Herlinda S, Prabawati G, Pujiastuti Y, Susilawati, Karenia T, Hasbi, Irsan C. 2020. Herbivore Insects and Predatory arthropods in freshwater swamp rice field in South Sumatra, Indonesia sprayed with bioinsecticides of entomopathogenic fungi and abamectin. Biodiversitas 21: 3755-3768. Herbivore insect population and Predatory arthropods in rice field may be effected by the application entomopathogenic fungi or synthetic insecticide. The objective of this research was to analyze individual quantity of herbivore Insects and Predatory arthropod inhabiting freshwater swamp rice fields treated with bioinsecticides and abamectin (commercial insecticide). This research was conducted in the freshwater swamp rice field located in Village Pelabuhan Dalam, Sub District Pemulutan, District Ogan Ilir, and South Sumatra. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Block Design consisted of four plots of treatment. The research used the bioinsecticides made from entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Cordyceps military), and abamectin. Sampling to collect arthropods inhabiting rice canopy was also conducted using an entomological net in the study locations. This research found 12 families of herbivore Insects with 22 species dominated by Nilaparvata lugens and Leptocorisa acuta and 32 species of spider belonged to eight families dominated by Tetragnatha virescens and Oxyopes matiensis. The species diversity of spider was higher in the plots of the bioinsecticide compared to that of the abamectin. Predatory Insects found belonged to 14 species belonged to eight families dominated by species of Ophionea nigrofasciata, Verania discolor, and Paedorus fuscipe. The abundance of Predatory Insects in plots sprayed with the bioinsecticides was higher compared to that of the abamectin plot. The abundance and species diversity of Predatory arthropod sprayed with bioinsecticide of B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, and C. militaris did not decrease, while the population of herbivore insect tended to decrease.
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Impact of mycoinsecticides and abamectin applications on species diversity and abundance of aquatic Insects in rice fields of freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 2020Co-Authors: Siti Herlinda, Chandra Irsan, Erise Anggraini, Susilawati Susilawati, Hasbi Hasbi, Monica Alesia, Suparman Suparman, Arsi ArsiAbstract:Abstract. Herlinda S, Alesia M, Susilawati, Irsan C, Hasbi, Suparman, Anggraini E, Arsi. 2020. Impact of mycoinsecticides and abamectin applications on species diversity and abundance of aquatic Insects in rice fields of freshwater swamps of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 3076-3083. Aquatic Insects in rice fields generally are predators of rice insect pests. The application of insecticides may reduce the abundance and species diversity of these predators. This study aimed to determine the impact of mycoinsecticides and abamectin application on species diversity and abundance of aquatic Insects in rice fields. Mycoinsecticides were made from Beauveria bassiana s.l., Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. and Cordyceps militaris s.l. with carrier from shrimp shell flour compost extract, vegetable oil, and Tween®. The treatments were the mycoinsecticides and abamectin. The results showed there were eight aquatic Insects species obtained in this study, i.e. unidentified Dytiscidae, Micronecta sp., Mesovelia sp., Ranatra sp., Anisops sp., Microvelia sp., unidentified species of Veliidae, and Orthetrum sp. belong to 7 families (Dytiscidae, Corixidae, Mesoveliidae, Nepidae, Notonectidae, Veliidae, Libellulidae), and three orders (Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Odonata). All of the species were Predatory Insects. The application of mycoinsecticides did not reduce the abundance and species diversity of the aquatic Predatory Insects, but the application of abamectin reduced the abundance and species diversity of the predators. The highest insect species diversity was in the plots applied with C. militaris s.l., followed by the B. bassiana s.l. and M. anisopliae s.l. plots and the lowest one was found in the abamectin plot. So, the application of mycoinsecticides from B. bassiana s.l., M. anisopliae s.l. and C. militaris s.l. is safe for the aquatic Predatory Insects and to control rice insect pests than that of abamectin.
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Abundance and species diversity of Predatory arthropods inhabiting rice of refuge habitats and synthetic insecticide application in freshwater swamps in South Sumatra, Indonesia
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 2019Co-Authors: Tili Karenina, Siti Herlinda, Chandra Irsan, Yulia PujiastutiAbstract:Abstract. Karenina T, Herlinda S, Irsan C, Pujiastuti Y. 2019. Abundance and species diversity of Predatory arthropods inhabiting rice of refuge habitats and synthetic insecticide application in freshwater swamps in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2375-2387. Rice cultivation in freshwater swamps in Indonesia is specific, among other things, there is no synthetic pesticide spraying and vegetable growing on rice field embankments. This specific cultivation technique can affect the abundance and diversity of rice-dwelling arthropods species. The study aimed to compare the abundance and species diversity of Predatory arthropods inhabiting rice surrounded both by refugia and vegetables and by those being applied with synthetic insecticide in the rice field of freshwater swamps. This study used rice plots surrounded by refugia flower (Zinnia sp., Tagetes erecta, Cosmo caudatus, and Sesamum indicum); vegetables (Cucumis sativus, Vigna sinensis, Luffa acutangula, and Momordica charantia); untreated; and synthetic insecticide. Twenty-five herbivore species of 12 families, 34 spider species of 8 families, and 24 species of Predatory Insects of 12 families were found on rice during a planting season. The lowest herbivore population and spider abundance were found on synthetic insecticide sprayed rice and they were significantly different from those of refugia-rice plots. The most abundant spiders and Predatory Insects were found on rice surrounded by refugia and were not significantly different from those of rice surrounded by vegetables. The highest species diversity for spiders and Predatory Insects was found on rice surrounded by refugia, whereas the lowest species diversity was found on synthetic pesticide sprayed rice. Therefore, rice surrounded by refugia flowers and vegetables was the most appropriate for habitat and niche of Predatory arthropods.
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Populasi Serangga Hama dan Artropoda Predator pada Padi Rawa Lebak Sumatera Selatan yang Diaplikasikan Bioinsektisida dari Beauveria bassiana dan Insektisida Sintetik
Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands, 2019Co-Authors: Khoirul Ikhsanudin Hanif, Siti Herlinda, Chandra Irsan, Tili Karenina, Erise Anggraini, Suwandi Suwandi, Susilawati SusilawatiAbstract:Hanif et al, 2019. Population of Pest Insects and Predatory Arthropods Inhabiting Freshwater Swamp Rice of South Sumatra Treated with Bioinsectide of Beauveria bassiana and a Synthetic Insecticide. JLSO (8)1:31-38. Entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana , could kill various species of insect pests, but their impact on Predatory arthropods needs to be studied. The aim of this study was to compare population of pest Insects and Predatory arthropods inhabiting rice sprayed with bioinsecticide of B. bassiana and conventional rice field using a synthetic insecticides. Bioinsecticide was made from conidia of B. bassiana and sprayed on rice canopy. The plot of conventional farmers was sprayed with synthetic insecticides made from Abamektrin. The results showed that the application of bioinsecticide of B. bassiana was not proven to reduce the pest insect population. The abundance of natural enemies of pest Insects, such as spiders and Predatory Insects was also more abundant in plots sprayed with bioinsecticide than conventional plots that used synthetic insecticide. The synthetic insecticides have been shown to reduce the abundance of Predatory Insects and spiders. Bioinsecticides containing carrier of liquid compost were proven to increase the growth and development of rice, which was an increase in the number of rice tillers per clump in plots applied by bioinsecticide. Thus, B. bassiana of bioinsecticide with liquid compost carrier material was safer and could maintain the abundance of Predatory arthropods and increased rice growth.
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KELIMPAHAN DAN KEKAYAAN ARTROPODA PREDATOR PADA TANAMAN PADI YANG DIAPLIKASI BIOINSEKTISIDA BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA, 2016Co-Authors: Fina Sunariah, Chandra Irsan, Yuanita WindusariAbstract:Abundance and species richness of the Predatory arthropods on paddy treated with Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticide. Application of bioinsecticide from bacterial entomopathogen has not been reported yet that can decrease abundance and species richness of Predatory arthropods, such as spiders and Predatory Insects. This research was aimed to analyze the abundance and species richness of Predatory arthropods paddy fields applied by B. thuringiensis bioinsecticide on paddy in fresh swamp area. Areas observed were 2 ha paddy field’s at Situ Bagendit variety. Predatory arthropods inhabiting canopy were sampled using sweep but soil dwelling arthropods were trapped using pitfall traps. The result showed that abundance of spiders inhabiting canopy decreased significantly after B. thuringiensis bioinsecticide application on paddy compared to control without bioinsecticide but the abundance of Predatory Insects were not significantly affected by the bioinsecticide. Application of the bioinsecticide did not significantly affect the abundance and species richness of soil dwelling Predatory arthropods, such as spiders and Predatory Insects.
A. Valiuskaite - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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toxicity of pesticides to Predatory mites and Insects in apple tree site under field conditions
Environmental Toxicology, 2004Co-Authors: L. Raudonis, E Surviliene, A. ValiuskaiteAbstract:Various applications of active ingredients of six fungicides and three insecticides and acaricides at normally recommended dosages were tested on two Predatory mite species (Amblyseius andersoni Chant and Anthoseius bakeri Garman) from the family Phytoseiidae and on two Predatory insect species (Coccinella septempunctata L. Chrysopa perla L.) dominantly present on apple trees. Small differences were found between fungicide treatments. On the trees treated with six fungicide applications the Predatory mites and Insects survived and increased to a high level, often 20-40 phytoseiids per 100 leaves and 4-8 Predatory Insects per sample unit. Only the active ingredients tolylfluanid and myclobutanil resulted in lower densities of Predatory mites (10-20 phytoseiids per 100 leaves). One application of insecticides-acaricides (active ingredients: clofentezine, phosalone) showed no toxic effect on Predatory mites and Insects. Two applications of phosalone and one of alpha-cypermethrine were slightly or moderately toxic. Two applications of alpha-cypermethrine and eight routine sprays of various insecticides-acaricides and fungicides were very toxic and resulted in the lowest maximum number of Predatory mites and Insects, approximately 0-10 phytoseiids per 100 leaves and 1-4 Predatory Insects per sample unit. The toxicity of pesticides to Predatory mites and Insects is based on the toxicity of the pesticide' active ingredient and the spray frequency. The active ingredients of fungicides and only one or two applications of insecticides and acaricides were not or slightly toxic and could be used in integrated pest management.
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Toxicity of pesticides to Predatory mites and Insects in apple‐tree site under field conditions
Environmental toxicology, 2004Co-Authors: L. Raudonis, E. Survilienė, A. ValiuskaiteAbstract:Various applications of active ingredients of six fungicides and three insecticides and acaricides at normally recommended dosages were tested on two Predatory mite species (Amblyseius andersoni Chant and Anthoseius bakeri Garman) from the family Phytoseiidae and on two Predatory insect species (Coccinella septempunctata L. Chrysopa perla L.) dominantly present on apple trees. Small differences were found between fungicide treatments. On the trees treated with six fungicide applications the Predatory mites and Insects survived and increased to a high level, often 20-40 phytoseiids per 100 leaves and 4-8 Predatory Insects per sample unit. Only the active ingredients tolylfluanid and myclobutanil resulted in lower densities of Predatory mites (10-20 phytoseiids per 100 leaves). One application of insecticides-acaricides (active ingredients: clofentezine, phosalone) showed no toxic effect on Predatory mites and Insects. Two applications of phosalone and one of alpha-cypermethrine were slightly or moderately toxic. Two applications of alpha-cypermethrine and eight routine sprays of various insecticides-acaricides and fungicides were very toxic and resulted in the lowest maximum number of Predatory mites and Insects, approximately 0-10 phytoseiids per 100 leaves and 1-4 Predatory Insects per sample unit. The toxicity of pesticides to Predatory mites and Insects is based on the toxicity of the pesticide' active ingredient and the spray frequency. The active ingredients of fungicides and only one or two applications of insecticides and acaricides were not or slightly toxic and could be used in integrated pest management.
Yulia Pujiastuti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Herbivore Insects and Predatory arthropods in freshwater swamp rice field in South Sumatra, Indonesia sprayed with bioinsecticides of entomopathogenic fungi and abamectin
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 2020Co-Authors: Siti Herlinda, Yulia Pujiastuti, Ghanni Prabawati, Tili Karenina, Susilawati Susilawati, Hasbi Hasbi, Chandra IrsanAbstract:Abstract. Herlinda S, Prabawati G, Pujiastuti Y, Susilawati, Karenia T, Hasbi, Irsan C. 2020. Herbivore Insects and Predatory arthropods in freshwater swamp rice field in South Sumatra, Indonesia sprayed with bioinsecticides of entomopathogenic fungi and abamectin. Biodiversitas 21: 3755-3768. Herbivore insect population and Predatory arthropods in rice field may be effected by the application entomopathogenic fungi or synthetic insecticide. The objective of this research was to analyze individual quantity of herbivore Insects and Predatory arthropod inhabiting freshwater swamp rice fields treated with bioinsecticides and abamectin (commercial insecticide). This research was conducted in the freshwater swamp rice field located in Village Pelabuhan Dalam, Sub District Pemulutan, District Ogan Ilir, and South Sumatra. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Block Design consisted of four plots of treatment. The research used the bioinsecticides made from entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Cordyceps military), and abamectin. Sampling to collect arthropods inhabiting rice canopy was also conducted using an entomological net in the study locations. This research found 12 families of herbivore Insects with 22 species dominated by Nilaparvata lugens and Leptocorisa acuta and 32 species of spider belonged to eight families dominated by Tetragnatha virescens and Oxyopes matiensis. The species diversity of spider was higher in the plots of the bioinsecticide compared to that of the abamectin. Predatory Insects found belonged to 14 species belonged to eight families dominated by species of Ophionea nigrofasciata, Verania discolor, and Paedorus fuscipe. The abundance of Predatory Insects in plots sprayed with the bioinsecticides was higher compared to that of the abamectin plot. The abundance and species diversity of Predatory arthropod sprayed with bioinsecticide of B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, and C. militaris did not decrease, while the population of herbivore insect tended to decrease.
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The abundance of canopy arthropods in South Sumatra (Indonesia) freshwater swamp main and ratooned rice applied with bioinsecticides and synthetic insecticide
Biodiversitas, 2019Co-Authors: Ghanni Prabawati, Siti Herlinda, Yulia PujiastutiAbstract:Abstract. Prabawati G, Herlinda S, Pujiastuti Y. 2019. A comparative study on the arboreal arthropod abundance of rice fields between applied with fungal bioinsecticides and abamectin in the freshwater swamp of South Sumatra, Indonesia (Study case in the main and ratoon rice fields). Biodiversitas 20: 2921-2930. Ratoon rice has been cultivated by local farmers in South Sumatra and can be a source of habitat and niches for the main rice arthropods. The study aimed to compare the abundance of arthropods between main and rationed rice field applied with fungal bioinsecticides and abamectin. This study used bioinsecticides from fungi of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Cordyceps militaris and control using abamectin. Arboreal arthropods sampled using a sweep net. The abundance of arthropods in the main rice tends to be higher than in ratoon. Spiders found during the two rice seasons were Araneidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Oxyopidae, Salticidae, Theridiidae, Tetragnathidae, Theridiosomatidae, while Predatory Insects found were Mantidae, Coenagrionidae, Staphylinidae, Anthicidae, Latridiidae, Formicidae, Coccinellidae, Coccinellidae, Tettigoniidae, Miridae, Carabidae. The fungal bioinsecticides did not reduce the Predatory arthropod abundance but the abamectin caused a decrease in the abundance of all guilds. The most drastic decrease was found in web-building spiders. The movement of hunting spiders and the Predatory Insects of the main to ratoon rice was faster than that of web-building spiders. The existence of ratoon rice could become habitats and niches for arthropods from the main rice. For this reason, controlling the herbivore Insects could use bioinsecticides derived from entomopathogenic fungi.
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Abundance and species diversity of Predatory arthropods inhabiting rice of refuge habitats and synthetic insecticide application in freshwater swamps in South Sumatra, Indonesia
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 2019Co-Authors: Tili Karenina, Siti Herlinda, Chandra Irsan, Yulia PujiastutiAbstract:Abstract. Karenina T, Herlinda S, Irsan C, Pujiastuti Y. 2019. Abundance and species diversity of Predatory arthropods inhabiting rice of refuge habitats and synthetic insecticide application in freshwater swamps in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2375-2387. Rice cultivation in freshwater swamps in Indonesia is specific, among other things, there is no synthetic pesticide spraying and vegetable growing on rice field embankments. This specific cultivation technique can affect the abundance and diversity of rice-dwelling arthropods species. The study aimed to compare the abundance and species diversity of Predatory arthropods inhabiting rice surrounded both by refugia and vegetables and by those being applied with synthetic insecticide in the rice field of freshwater swamps. This study used rice plots surrounded by refugia flower (Zinnia sp., Tagetes erecta, Cosmo caudatus, and Sesamum indicum); vegetables (Cucumis sativus, Vigna sinensis, Luffa acutangula, and Momordica charantia); untreated; and synthetic insecticide. Twenty-five herbivore species of 12 families, 34 spider species of 8 families, and 24 species of Predatory Insects of 12 families were found on rice during a planting season. The lowest herbivore population and spider abundance were found on synthetic insecticide sprayed rice and they were significantly different from those of refugia-rice plots. The most abundant spiders and Predatory Insects were found on rice surrounded by refugia and were not significantly different from those of rice surrounded by vegetables. The highest species diversity for spiders and Predatory Insects was found on rice surrounded by refugia, whereas the lowest species diversity was found on synthetic pesticide sprayed rice. Therefore, rice surrounded by refugia flowers and vegetables was the most appropriate for habitat and niche of Predatory arthropods.
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Artropoda Predator Penghuni Ekosistem Persawahan Lebak dan Pasang Surut Sumatera Selatan
2012Co-Authors: Khodijah Khodijah, Siti Herlinda, Chandra Irsan, Yulia Pujiastuti, Rosdah ThalibAbstract:Khodijah, S. Herlinda, C. Irsan, Y. Pujiastuti, R. Thalib. 2012. Predatory Arthropods InhabitingFresh Swamp and Tidal Lowland Ecosystem in South Sumatra. J. Lahan Suboptimal 1(1):57-63 Research of Predatory arthropods inhabiting fresh swamp and tidal land ecosystem in South Sumatra used survey method. The objective of this reasearch was to identify families of the Predatory arthropods found in the fresh swamp and tidal land ecosystem in South Sumatra. Survey occured in January up to March 2012. The Predatory arthropods were sampled using net and pitfall trapping. The Predatory arthropods found were Insecta and Arachnida. Ordo of Predatory Insects found were Coleoptera, Dermaptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, Odonata, and Hymenoptera, while Predatory spiders found were ordo Araneae. Predatory arthropods inhabiting paddy canopy were almost trapped by net traps, while soil dwelling arthropods were trapped by pitfall traps. The dominant Predatory Insects found were families of Carabidae and staphylinidae, while dominant family of spiders was Lycosidae. Key species of the Predatory artrhopods found from the fresh and tidal land ecosystem were Pheropsophus occipitalis, Paederus fuscipes, Coccinella arcuata, Pardosa pseudoannulata, Oxyopes sp., Pardosa sumatrana, Verania lineata, Broscus sp., and Chelisoches sp.
