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Jaakko Kuosmanen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Human Rights and 21st Century Challenges - Uphill Battle: Deliberating Towards Human Rights-Compatible Public Budgets
Human Rights and 21st Century Challenges, 2020Co-Authors: Jaakko KuosmanenAbstract:The link between human rights and Public budgets is both evident and controversial. It is evident in the sense that in practise, the realization of all human rights is tied to the drafting and implementation of budgets. It is, however, also controversial in that there is plenty of contestation around the nature of obligations human rights set on state Budgeting. This is caused partly by the indeterminate nature of human rights: instead of clear quantified standards, human rights set general guiding principles for Public Budgeting. This chapter examines the challenging road ahead for ‘Budgeting for human rights’. More specifically, the chapter will focus on four key challenges that emerge in deliberation towards human rights compatible pubic budgets: transparency, compliance, siloed governance, and participation.
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Towards ‘Human Rights Compatible’ Public Budgets – an Account of Institutional Virtues:
Political Studies, 2015Co-Authors: Jaakko KuosmanenAbstract:In the aftermath of the recent economic crisis, scholarly discussions on the relationship between human rights, Budgeting and budgets have been re-energised. This article focuses on the design of governing institutions in the context of Public Budgeting. More specifically, it introduces three institutional virtues, each of which can serve a facilitative function in the drafting of ‘human rights compatible budgets’ (i.e. budgets that take human rights obligations adequately into consideration). These institutional virtues are: instrumental deliberation, interpretative deliberation and evaluative deliberation.
Derek A Epp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Punctuated Equilibria in the Private Sector and the Stability of Market Systems
Policy Studies Journal, 2015Co-Authors: Derek A EppAbstract:The article examines longitudinal trends in expenditures by over 1,200 private firms, finding evidence of punctuated equilibrium—a pattern of change widely interpreted as evidence of stick-slip dynamics in decision-making processes. Levels of punctuation in the private sector closely resemble those observed in studies on Public Budgeting, suggesting that the private sector is not on average any less resistant to change than government. Both private- and Public-sector decision making is a function of deliberative processes, which the article compares to market systems. Deliberative decision making takes place when a group comes to a consensus about the allocation of resources. Market processes aggregate the actions of many independent decision makers to arrive at an outcome, such as the value of a commodity. The article considers the relative informational efficiency of these two processes and concludes that market systems should be more adaptive to incoming information. Three case studies provide natural experiments to investigate the stability of outputs during periods of deliberative and market control. A key finding is that when outputs are determined by market systems it greatly reduces the magnitude of punctuation.
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punctuated equilibrium in Public Budgeting in authoritarian and democratic brazil
2015Co-Authors: Beatriz Rey, Derek A Epp, Frank R BaumgartnerAbstract:We explore punctuated equilibrium in Public budgets with a focus on Brazil before and after its transition to democracy. Empirical evidence in this area has largely been limited to western democracies, but the differences between authoritarian and democratic regime types suggest important research questions. Our data on Brazil suggest a modest shift from higher to lower kurtosis in budget distributions with the transition to democracy. We interpret that to be related to the greater information-processing capabilities of a democratic regime as well as its greater range of diverse priorities. However, we suggest as well that future research needs to gather much more data on a wider range of countries. We show how this might begin with a review of data available for 26 OECD countries, suggesting great variability among them in budgetary kurtosis, but call for more data collection in non-democratic regimes as the most fruitful research plan going forward.
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partisan priorities and Public Budgeting
Political Research Quarterly, 2014Co-Authors: Derek A Epp, John Lovett, Frank R BaumgartnerAbstract:We explore budget data from twenty-nine Western countries from 1948 to 2012 to investigate the impact of partisan control of government on spending patterns. We use a variety of empirical methods, but the central element of analysis is to code spending allocations as "consistent" or "inconsistent" based on the partisanship of the majority party in government. Looking across the board, we show that inconsistent allocations occur at almost exactly the same rate as consistent ones. The implication is that budgets are best understood not as an expression of partisan priorities but as a reaction to changing contextual circumstances.
Frank R Baumgartner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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punctuated equilibrium in Public Budgeting in authoritarian and democratic brazil
2015Co-Authors: Beatriz Rey, Derek A Epp, Frank R BaumgartnerAbstract:We explore punctuated equilibrium in Public budgets with a focus on Brazil before and after its transition to democracy. Empirical evidence in this area has largely been limited to western democracies, but the differences between authoritarian and democratic regime types suggest important research questions. Our data on Brazil suggest a modest shift from higher to lower kurtosis in budget distributions with the transition to democracy. We interpret that to be related to the greater information-processing capabilities of a democratic regime as well as its greater range of diverse priorities. However, we suggest as well that future research needs to gather much more data on a wider range of countries. We show how this might begin with a review of data available for 26 OECD countries, suggesting great variability among them in budgetary kurtosis, but call for more data collection in non-democratic regimes as the most fruitful research plan going forward.
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partisan priorities and Public Budgeting
Political Research Quarterly, 2014Co-Authors: Derek A Epp, John Lovett, Frank R BaumgartnerAbstract:We explore budget data from twenty-nine Western countries from 1948 to 2012 to investigate the impact of partisan control of government on spending patterns. We use a variety of empirical methods, but the central element of analysis is to code spending allocations as "consistent" or "inconsistent" based on the partisanship of the majority party in government. Looking across the board, we show that inconsistent allocations occur at almost exactly the same rate as consistent ones. The implication is that budgets are best understood not as an expression of partisan priorities but as a reaction to changing contextual circumstances.
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Public Budgeting in the eu commission a test of the punctuated equilibrium thesis
Politique européenne, 2012Co-Authors: Frank R Baumgartner, Martial Foucault, Abel FrancoisAbstract:We test a punctuated equilibrium model of Budgeting in the context of the European Union. Compared either to the US or to the national systems of its member states, we know little about the impact of the institutional design of the EU on its internal Budgeting processes. For one, we do not know whether the heterogeneous preferences of each member-state are likely to create friction or venue-shopping towards the EU Commission. This paper first describes European Budgeting processes since the inception of the EU, taking into consideration the enlargement process. In a second section, we present European Budgeting data to test models of friction, incrementalism, and punctuated equilibrium, drawing from a developing literature with US and European applications. The findings make clear that EU Budgeting processes correspond to a punctuated equilibrium model of budgetary choice, as previous studies have recently shown for the US and many European member states. Article prepared for submission to the European Journal of Political Research August 23, 2007 1 Baumgartner would like to acknowledge his collaborator Bryan D. Jones, the support of National Science Foundation grant number SBR 9320922, and the Camargo Foundation. All three authors would thank the Direction Generale du Budget de la Commission Europeenne for its answers to various requests.
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a general empirical law of Public budgets a comparative analysis
American Journal of Political Science, 2009Co-Authors: Bryan D Jones, Frank R Baumgartner, Martial Foucault, Abel Francois, Christian Breunig, Christopher Wlezien, Stuart Soroka, Christoffer Greenpedersen, Chris Koski, Peter JohnAbstract:We examine regularities and differences in Public Budgeting in comparative perspective. Budgets quantify collective political decisions made in response to incoming information, the preferences of decision makers, and the institutions that structure how decisions are made. We first establish that the distribution of budget changes in many Western democracies follows a non‐Gaussian distribution, the power function. This implies that budgets are highly incremental, yet occasionally are punctuated by large changes. This pattern holds regardless of the type of political system—parliamentary or presidential—and for level of government. By studying the power function's exponents we find systematic differences for budgetary increases versus decreases (the former are more punctuated) in most systems, and for levels of government (local governments are less punctuated). Finally, we show that differences among countries in the coefficients of the general budget law correspond to differences in formal institutional structures. While the general form of the law is probably dictated by the fundamental operations of human and organizational information processing, differences in the magnitudes of the law's basic parameters are country‐ and institution‐specific.
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Public Budgeting in the french fifth rePublic the end of la republique des partis
West European Politics, 2009Co-Authors: Frank R Baumgartner, Martial Foucault, Abel FrancoisAbstract:This article reviews trends in state spending across the Fifth RePublic. Considering the partisan divisions in French political life and the importance accorded to elections and partisan control of government, one might expect substantial differences in spending patterns by governments of the Left and the Right. Instead, we find only a small number of statistically significant differences and when we do find them, governments of the Right are the higher spenders. The reasons for this are the different historical periods during which the Left and Right have been in power. As the Right dominated French politics for the first half of the Fifth RePublic, it oversaw a period of the most dramatic growth in the state, across virtually all sectors. Growth in state spending declined steadily over the decades but particularly after the oil crisis and other events in the 1970s. Since 1981, when governments (if not presidential control) have alternated on a relatively regular basis, austerity and limited growth in spending have been the rule, no matter which governments have been in power. The article demonstrates these facts with a comprehensive overview of Public spending across 11 categories. The results are presented graphically, with statistical t-tests, and finally with regressions controlling for growth in the economy. In all cases, no linkage between left-wing control of government and higher spending is found. Elections matter in a parliamentary democracy and every element of politics leads one to expect systematic differences in the spending patterns and policy priorities of governments sharing different political ideologies (Cusack 1999). The French Fifth RePublic was of course dominated by the political right wing during its first 25 years, as various parties of the Right controlled the presidency until 1981 and always controlled a majority in the National Assembly and Senate as well. The arrival in power of
Ileana Steccolini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reconsidering Public Budgeting after the covid 19 outbreak key lessons and future challenges
Journal of Public Budgeting Accounting & Financial Management, 2020Co-Authors: Eugenio Anessipessina, Carmela Barbera, Mariafrancesca Sicilia, Cecilia Langella, Francesca Manesrossi, Alessandro Sancino, Ileana SteccoliniAbstract:The paper aims to offer a viewpoint on how governmental Budgeting needs to be reconsidered after the COVID-19 outbreak.,Building on extant research, and drawing on the Italian context, the paper provides reflections on four interrelated aspects: (1) how Budgeting and reporting processes and formats are being modified; (2) how Budgeting may enhance governments' financial resilience; (3) how citizens are involved in the Budgeting cycles and (4) how emergency responses may produce opportunities for corruption.,To tackle COVID-19 related challenges, Budgeting, reBudgeting, reporting processes and formats need to be reconsidered and supported by the development of new competencies. Governments will need to put stronger emphasis on the anticipatory and coping roles of Budgeting to reduce Public organizations' exposure to shocks and support governmental resilience. The involvement of citizens has proven critical to face the pandemic and will become increasingly relevant due to the financial impacts of COVID-19 on future Public service provision. Greater attention to the risks of increased corruption is also needed.,Drawing lessons from one of the countries most hit by COVID-19, the paper offers a viewpoint on a timely topic of international relevance by looking in an integrated way at interrelated topics such as Budgeting, reBudgeting, reporting, financial resilience, coproduction and corruption.
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Public Budgeting in search for an identity state of the art and future challenges
Public Management Review, 2017Co-Authors: Mariafrancesca Sicilia, Ileana SteccoliniAbstract:Budgeting has traditionally been the process through which governments decide how much to spend on what, limiting expenditures to the revenues available and preventing overspending. Over time, publ...
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Public sector Budgeting a european review of accounting and Public management journals
Accounting Auditing & Accountability Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Eugenio Anessipessina, Carmela Barbera, Mariafrancesca Sicilia, Ileana SteccoliniAbstract:Purpose – Budgeting is central in Public organizations. From a research viewpoint, it is an extremely multifaceted and potentially rich field to investigate and develop. The changing institutional and socio-economic landscape, moreover, requires a profound reassessment of its roles and features in accounting studies. The purpose of this paper is to review the existing European literature on Public Budgeting, looking at how Public administration, Public management, and accounting contribute to current Budgeting theories and practices and to advance a proposal on how they can individually and jointly contribute in the future. Design/methodology/approach – The authors collect and analyze all the papers on Public Budgeting in the European context that were published in all the issues of 15 major accounting and Public-management journals since 1980. Findings – Budgeting has so far played a rather marginal role in European Public management and accounting research. Among the existing papers, most focus on the A...
Abel Francois - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Public Budgeting in the eu commission a test of the punctuated equilibrium thesis
Politique européenne, 2012Co-Authors: Frank R Baumgartner, Martial Foucault, Abel FrancoisAbstract:We test a punctuated equilibrium model of Budgeting in the context of the European Union. Compared either to the US or to the national systems of its member states, we know little about the impact of the institutional design of the EU on its internal Budgeting processes. For one, we do not know whether the heterogeneous preferences of each member-state are likely to create friction or venue-shopping towards the EU Commission. This paper first describes European Budgeting processes since the inception of the EU, taking into consideration the enlargement process. In a second section, we present European Budgeting data to test models of friction, incrementalism, and punctuated equilibrium, drawing from a developing literature with US and European applications. The findings make clear that EU Budgeting processes correspond to a punctuated equilibrium model of budgetary choice, as previous studies have recently shown for the US and many European member states. Article prepared for submission to the European Journal of Political Research August 23, 2007 1 Baumgartner would like to acknowledge his collaborator Bryan D. Jones, the support of National Science Foundation grant number SBR 9320922, and the Camargo Foundation. All three authors would thank the Direction Generale du Budget de la Commission Europeenne for its answers to various requests.
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a general empirical law of Public budgets a comparative analysis
American Journal of Political Science, 2009Co-Authors: Bryan D Jones, Frank R Baumgartner, Martial Foucault, Abel Francois, Christian Breunig, Christopher Wlezien, Stuart Soroka, Christoffer Greenpedersen, Chris Koski, Peter JohnAbstract:We examine regularities and differences in Public Budgeting in comparative perspective. Budgets quantify collective political decisions made in response to incoming information, the preferences of decision makers, and the institutions that structure how decisions are made. We first establish that the distribution of budget changes in many Western democracies follows a non‐Gaussian distribution, the power function. This implies that budgets are highly incremental, yet occasionally are punctuated by large changes. This pattern holds regardless of the type of political system—parliamentary or presidential—and for level of government. By studying the power function's exponents we find systematic differences for budgetary increases versus decreases (the former are more punctuated) in most systems, and for levels of government (local governments are less punctuated). Finally, we show that differences among countries in the coefficients of the general budget law correspond to differences in formal institutional structures. While the general form of the law is probably dictated by the fundamental operations of human and organizational information processing, differences in the magnitudes of the law's basic parameters are country‐ and institution‐specific.
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Public Budgeting in the french fifth rePublic the end of la republique des partis
West European Politics, 2009Co-Authors: Frank R Baumgartner, Martial Foucault, Abel FrancoisAbstract:This article reviews trends in state spending across the Fifth RePublic. Considering the partisan divisions in French political life and the importance accorded to elections and partisan control of government, one might expect substantial differences in spending patterns by governments of the Left and the Right. Instead, we find only a small number of statistically significant differences and when we do find them, governments of the Right are the higher spenders. The reasons for this are the different historical periods during which the Left and Right have been in power. As the Right dominated French politics for the first half of the Fifth RePublic, it oversaw a period of the most dramatic growth in the state, across virtually all sectors. Growth in state spending declined steadily over the decades but particularly after the oil crisis and other events in the 1970s. Since 1981, when governments (if not presidential control) have alternated on a relatively regular basis, austerity and limited growth in spending have been the rule, no matter which governments have been in power. The article demonstrates these facts with a comprehensive overview of Public spending across 11 categories. The results are presented graphically, with statistical t-tests, and finally with regressions controlling for growth in the economy. In all cases, no linkage between left-wing control of government and higher spending is found. Elections matter in a parliamentary democracy and every element of politics leads one to expect systematic differences in the spending patterns and policy priorities of governments sharing different political ideologies (Cusack 1999). The French Fifth RePublic was of course dominated by the political right wing during its first 25 years, as various parties of the Right controlled the presidency until 1981 and always controlled a majority in the National Assembly and Senate as well. The arrival in power of
