The Experts below are selected from a list of 6162 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bruce Hunsberger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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research a revised Religious Fundamentalism scale the short and sweet of it
International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 2004Co-Authors: Bob Altemeyer, Bruce HunsbergerAbstract:Despite its relatively good psychometric properties and empirical validity, the 20-item Religious Fundamentalism scale developed by the authors has several problems. It does not measure all of the aspects of Fundamentalism, as defined, as well as it might. And it could stand to be shorter. An item development program led to a 12-statement revision that is more internally consistent despite having broader coverage. As well, it is as reliable as the longer original scale, despite being 40% shorter, and at least as empirically valid.
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Religious Fundamentalism right wing authoritarianism and hostility toward homosexuals in non christian Religious groups
International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 1996Co-Authors: Bruce HunsbergerAbstract:In this article, I extend the work of Altemeyer and Hunsberger (1992) on Religious Fundamentalism to several non-Christian groups. The psychometric properties of the Religious Fundamentalism scale remained strong among small, self-selected samples of adults from Muslim, Hindu, and Jewish backgrounds. Also, as in past research with persons from Christian backgrounds, correlations from .42 to .74 emerged among scores on the Religious Fundamentalism, Right-Wing Authoritarianism, and Attitudes Toward Homosexuals scales (Altemayer and Hunsberger, 1992). That is, the Religious fundamentalists within each of four Religious groups tended to be authoritarian and to have hostile attitudes toward homosexuals. Within the limitations of the present samples, the findings provide initial evidence that fundamentalists in many religions may tend to be authoritarian and hostile toward homosexuals, that Religious Fundamentalism may consist of essentially the same attitudes in these four major Religious groups, and can be me...
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religion and prejudice the role of Religious Fundamentalism quest and right wing authoritarianism
Journal of Social Issues, 1995Co-Authors: Bruce HunsbergerAbstract:Does religion contribute to, or inhibit, prejudice? Although major world religions espouse tolerance and love toward others, empirical evidence provides little support for the effectiveness of such Religious teachings, and a considerable body of research suggests that, at a general (and simplistic) level, religion and prejudice are positively correlated. Suggestions that this relationship is actually curvilinear and possibly a result of differences in intrinsic I extrinsic Religious orientation are questioned. Recent investigations suggest that conceptualizations of Religious Fundamentalism and quest offer better ways of distinguishing between more and less prejudiced individuals. Further, the Fundamentalism and quest relationships with prejudice are especially meaningful in light of an association with right-wing authoritarianism. Limitations and implications of the related research are discussed. In the end, it would seem that it is not religion per se, but rather the ways in which individuals hold their Religious beliefs, which are associated with prejudice.
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authoritarianism Religious Fundamentalism quest and prejudice
International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 1992Co-Authors: Bob Altemeyer, Bruce HunsbergerAbstract:Five studies of university students and their parents were carried out to investigate the relationships among right-wing authoritarianism, various indices of Religious orientation, and prejudice. Measures of Religious Fundamentalism, and Religious quest, developed for this research, proved to be psychometrically sound, and were good discriminators between prejudiced and unprejudiced persons, across a variety of different measures of prejudice and authoritarian aggression. Scores on both Religious Fundamentalism and Religious Quest scales also were correlated strongly with right-wing authoritarianism and the Christian Orthodoxy scale, although orthodoxy itself tended not to be correlated with prejudice. Apparently, Religious Fundamentalism and nonquesting are linked with authoritarianism and prejudice toward a wide variety of minority groups. Possible explanations for these relationships are discussed.
Nicole E Melton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the moderating effects of contact with lesbian and gay friends on the relationships among Religious Fundamentalism sexism and sexual prejudice
Journal of Sex Research, 2013Co-Authors: George B Cunningham, Nicole E MeltonAbstract:The purpose of this study was to examine the degree to which contact with lesbian and gay friends moderated the effects of Religious Fundamentalism and sexism on sexual prejudice. The authors gathered data from 269 heterosexual adults living in Texas. Results indicate that the effects of Religious Fundamentalism on sexual prejudice were reduced when contact was high. However, the positive association between modern sexism and sexual prejudice was not moderated by contact. The authors discuss theoretical and practical implications.
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prejudice against lesbian gay and bisexual coaches the influence of race Religious Fundamentalism modern sexism and contact with sexual minorities
Sociology of Sport Journal, 2012Co-Authors: George B Cunningham, Nicole E MeltonAbstract:In drawing from Herek’s (2007, 2009) sexual stigma and prejudice theory, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among prejudice toward sexual minority coaches, Religious Fundamentalism, sexism, and sexual prejudice and to determine whether race affected these relationships. The authors collected data from 238 parents. Results indicated that Asians expressed greater sexual prejudice than Latinos and Whites, while African Americans expressed more Religious Fundamentalism than did Whites. There were also differences in the associations among the variables. For African Americans, sexism held the strongest association with prejudice toward sexual minority coaches. While for Asians and Whites, Religious Fundamentalism held the strongest association, contact with lesbian and gay friends was a significant predictor of prejudice for Asians, but not for the other groups. For Latinos, both Religious Fundamentalism and sexism were associated with sexual prejudice. The authors discuss the results in terms of theoretical and practical implications.
Tom Pyszczynski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does peace have a prayer the effect of mortality salience compassionate values and Religious Fundamentalism on hostility toward out groups
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2009Co-Authors: Zachary K Rothschild, Abdolhossein Abdollahi, Tom PyszczynskiAbstract:Abstract Religious Fundamentalism has been shown to be associated with higher levels of prejudice, ethnocentrism, and militarism, in spite of the compassionate values promoted by the Religious faiths that most fundamentalists believe in. Based on terror management theory, we hypothesized that priming these compassionate values would encourage a shift toward less support for violent solutions to the current Middle Eastern conflict, especially when they are combined with reminders of one’s mortality. Study 1 demonstrated that among Americans, Religious Fundamentalism was associated with greater support for extreme military interventions, except when participants were reminded of their mortality and primed with compassionate Religious values. The combination of mortality salience and compassionate Religious values led to significant decreases in support for such interventions among high but not low fundamentalists. Study 2 replicated this finding and showed that it depends on the association of the compassionate values with an authoritative Religious source; presentation of these values in a secular context had no effect on fundamentalists. Study 3 replicated these effects in a sample of Iranian Shiite Muslims: although a reminder of death increased anti-Western attitudes among participants primed with secular compassionate values, it decreased anti-Western attitudes among those primed with compassionate values from the Koran.
George B Cunningham - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the moderating effects of contact with lesbian and gay friends on the relationships among Religious Fundamentalism sexism and sexual prejudice
Journal of Sex Research, 2013Co-Authors: George B Cunningham, Nicole E MeltonAbstract:The purpose of this study was to examine the degree to which contact with lesbian and gay friends moderated the effects of Religious Fundamentalism and sexism on sexual prejudice. The authors gathered data from 269 heterosexual adults living in Texas. Results indicate that the effects of Religious Fundamentalism on sexual prejudice were reduced when contact was high. However, the positive association between modern sexism and sexual prejudice was not moderated by contact. The authors discuss theoretical and practical implications.
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prejudice against lesbian gay and bisexual coaches the influence of race Religious Fundamentalism modern sexism and contact with sexual minorities
Sociology of Sport Journal, 2012Co-Authors: George B Cunningham, Nicole E MeltonAbstract:In drawing from Herek’s (2007, 2009) sexual stigma and prejudice theory, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among prejudice toward sexual minority coaches, Religious Fundamentalism, sexism, and sexual prejudice and to determine whether race affected these relationships. The authors collected data from 238 parents. Results indicated that Asians expressed greater sexual prejudice than Latinos and Whites, while African Americans expressed more Religious Fundamentalism than did Whites. There were also differences in the associations among the variables. For African Americans, sexism held the strongest association with prejudice toward sexual minority coaches. While for Asians and Whites, Religious Fundamentalism held the strongest association, contact with lesbian and gay friends was a significant predictor of prejudice for Asians, but not for the other groups. For Latinos, both Religious Fundamentalism and sexism were associated with sexual prejudice. The authors discuss the results in terms of theoretical and practical implications.
Matthew Vess - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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faith and nature the effect of death relevant cognitions on the relationship between Religious Fundamentalism and connectedness to nature
Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2012Co-Authors: Matthew Vess, Jamie ArndtAbstract:A common theme among many religions, particularly those with Abrahamic roots, is that humans are separate from the rest of nature. Though empirical support is lacking, such themes do suggest that religiosity may play a role in shaping the ways that people relate to the natural world. The present research used terror management theory to address this issue. It was hypothesized that death-relevant concerns would moderate the relationship between Religious Fundamentalism and feelings of connectedness to nature. Across three studies, Religious Fundamentalism negatively predicted feelings of connectedness to nature when death-relevant thoughts were activated. No such relationship emerged in the absence of death-relevant thought. The implications of these findings for better understanding the role of religion in human/nature relationships and current ecological issues are discussed.
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exploring the existential function of religion the effect of Religious Fundamentalism and mortality salience on faith based medical refusals
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2009Co-Authors: Matthew Vess, Jamie Arndt, Clay Routledge, Jamie L GoldenbergAbstract:Decisions to rely on Religious faith over medical treatment for health conditions represent an important but understudied phenomenon. In an effort to understand some of the psychological underpinnings of such decisions, the present research builds from terror management theory to examine whether reminders of death motivate individuals strongly invested in a Religious worldview (i.e., fundamentalists) to rely on Religious beliefs when making medical decisions. The results showed that heightened concerns about mortality led those high in Religious Fundamentalism to express greater endorsement of prayer as a medical substitute (Study 1) and to perceive prayer as a more effective medical treatment (Study 2). Similarly, high fundamentalists were more supportive of Religiously motivated medical refusals (Study 3) and reported an increased willingness to rely on faith alone for medical treatment (Study 4) following reminders of death. Finally, affirmations of the legitimacy of divine intervention in health contexts functioned to solidify a sense of existential meaning among fundamentalists who were reminded of personal mortality (Study 5). The existential importance of Religious faith and the health-relevant implications of these findings are discussed.